Quoting I:
For N, the Tatars have old info. The sample is small, in fact, Tatars have much more N, this can be seen from the tests.
Someone also lied to you about the Z93. The Polish-Lithuanian "Tatars" have this snip. This is a small nation of several tens of thousands of people sent at one time from the Western Horde to help the Mongolian troops. You understand that these are not Tatars, it is incorrect to refer to them.
Kazan Tatars do not have Z93, but Baltic snips. You can check it with FTDNA. There is one single Z93 in Mishar in Bashkiria, but this does not mean anything. Here, your Bashkir neighbors have Z93 all the time.
In the above table, there is not even J, E, although the Tatars have a lot of them according to the latest data.
But J, E, N were not found in the Scythian-Sarmatian bones.
Forget about phenotypes, this is irrelevant.
1. If there are Baltic snips, then most likely from the Balts of the Imenkovskaya culture.
2. Anthropology is relevant. First of all, she says that the Tatars are racially different from the Finno-Ugric peoples and Russians. The predominance of the Pontids already speaks for itself.
3. Tatars are dominated by non-European snips R1a:
Z93 + and L342.2 + If there is another infa - throw off the link. I'll take a look.
4. There is a DNA project on the tatforum. According to it, it turns out that R1a Tatars by haplotypes have nothing in common with Finno-Ugric peoples and Russians: www.tatforum.info/forum/index.php?showtopic=6803&st=520
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There is an official anthropology. Finally, there are eyes. Although crack - the Tatars are basically not Finno-Ugric, not Balts and not Russians, but Pontids (North-Iranids).
What are you trying to prove to me?
As for the Mishars, the Finno-Ugric peoples are generally ridiculous.))) They have completely pronounced pontids + the nomadic tradition has not been lost. At the same time, they sharply differ from the Russians and the surrounding Finnish peoples. The ancient Finnish meshchera, if anything, had the Upper Oka type. Steppe Misharsky is from the Scythians:
* Proceedings of the Society of Archeology, History and Ethnography at the Imperial Kazan University. - Kazan, 1903
//. Traditions and historical data about the Mishars. Gainetdin Akhmerov.
The Mishars call themselves Tatars, and consider the name "Mishar" to be an insulting expression in relation to themselves. To the question "Mishar"? they often respond with swear words with the addition of the consonant verb “Tishar” (pierce, pierce), while other foreigners, for example, Bashkirs, Kyrgyz, talking about their nationality “without Bashkorts” (we are Bashkirs), “without Cossacks” (we are Kyrgyz), they strike their chest with their hands - as a sign of pride. The Kazan Tatars, calling themselves Muslims by faith or Bulgars by origin, do not respect the name “Tatar” for themselves.
The Mishars, although everyone is engaged in agriculture, everywhere show a tendency to cattle breeding, they breed a lot of livestock, especially sheep. Tatars living in the neighborhood of the Mishars do not have such a penchant for cattle breeding.
In the provinces of Simbirsk and Samara, the Mishars trade in sheep; each horse-dealer grazes his own herd.
In the autumn, the Mishari hawkers rent winter fields from neighboring landlords, where they graze their sheep until the very winter; they do not have enough fields for this. The Mishars do not have a special inclination for poultry farming; they generally have few domestic birds. They do not even have their own names for some poultry, heap (Russian kochet) - a rooster, silazan - a drake, and among the Tatars, a rooster has been used to determine the time since ancient times and it is often discussed in children's fairy tales. Among Tatars, Chuvashs and other foreigners of the Volga region, poultry farming is an economic support, especially chicken farming, for example, many eggs are sent from the provinces of Kazan and Vyatka to St. Petersburg, Riga and from there abroad.
Beekeeping and hunting are also not habitual crafts for the Mishars, however, in Bashkiria, the Mishars and their murzas are partly engaged in falconry and wolf racing. They have special horses for this, which are considered laudable.
In former times, the Mishars of the Nizhny Novgorod and Simbirsk provinces led tame bears, which is why the Tatars often call them "ayuchy" (bear leader).
The Mishars began to engage in trade, mainly peddling, only recently, and even then not everywhere, but only in some provinces, for example, Nizhny Novgorod, Simbirsk, Penza and Saratov and in the cities of Kasimov and Chistopol. Many of them live in the capitals. In St. Petersburg, they are known under the name of negligents, since they mostly sell old clothes. In Moscow, they sell "knots" (i.e., they carry their goods in a bundle), lace and junk. In Nizhny Novgorod they serve in grain mills and in various factories. In Kostroma, they are partly cabbies, partly serve on various ships, there are also shipbuilders. In Astrakhan, for the most part, drafters (visitors from the provinces of Nizhny Novgorod and Penza).
There are a lot of Konovalov from Mishars. In some villages of the Simbirsk province, the Mishars are completely engaged in this trade. Of the Tatars of Kazan, there are no konoval at all. Mishar horse-drawn horses can be seen all over Russia, except for the Kirghiz steppes. In the summer of 1898, three Mishar teachers from the Karsun district of the Simbirsk province came to Kazan for teacher training, one of whom brought a piece of Japanese cloth to sew a dressing gown in Kazan. This cloth was bought from horse-dressers visiting Japan and China.
It turns out that the Mishar horse-drawn horses, going into the depths of Asia, end up in China and Japan, from where they bring various kinds of Asian fabrics and carpets, which are sold here as a rarity for expensive prices.
In the summer of 1899, the Mishars of the Karsun district of the Simbirsk province, visiting the Amur Territory, asked the government for access to Sakhalin Island, but they were not allowed to.
In the provinces of Simbirsk, Samara and Kazan, the Mishari are also engaged in horse-stealing, and they show remarkable courage, resourcefulness and patience. This is supposed to be the remnants of the former equestrian prowess. We see the same passion for horse stealing among the Kirghiz and Kalmyks. In the west of Tsivilsky and in the Buinsky counties there are Mishar villages, the inhabitants of which are completely engaged in this shameful trade. Gangs of horse thieves are always well organized, if not from one village, then from several villages - two or three people each; usually meet at markets and fairs. In the neighborhood with the Mishars, or simply by misunderstanding, this vice is attributed to the Kazan Tatars, while among them horse stealing is a very rare occurrence. In the Vyatka province, where herds walk without a shepherd in fenced fields and forests, horse theft is also a rare occurrence.
The Mishars have a particular inclination towards animal food rather than vegetable food. The most favorite meat is lamb and horsemeat sausage. Horses are slaughtered only when they are old and emaciated; a foal is never slaughtered. And the Tatars, on the contrary, slaughter fat horses and they are often fattened with bard, where there are distilleries; many young foals are slaughtered to free the uterus during field work.
Mishars do not have national Tatar holidays, like Sabantuy (plow holiday), Zein - summer fun holidays in May and June. However, in some places, due to the Tatar influence, Sabantuy and the Mishars celebrate.
6 H-654
VII. About the suit.
The costume of the Mishars, both for men and women, is the same Tatar, but they wear clothes of a more ancient form.
From the information delivered to E. A. Malov by the Tatar S. A. regarding the form, the following can be seen: “the clothes of the Mishars are like the clothes of old times, they have no new fashion.” Among the Kazan Tatars, the form often changes, like a trading people and having constant relations with various peoples. E. A. Malov says that the clothes of the Mishars are simple, of ancient cut, and not the exquisite clothes of the Mohammedan form. E. A. noticed that the shirts of the Mishars, like those of the Russians, are red or variegated, i.e., red-blue checks.
In some places (the provinces of Penza, Tambov, Nizhny Novgorod and Simbirsk), a Russian-village influence is noticed on the men's costume of the Mishars, for example, sometimes the Mishars wear a Russian sheepskin coat, Russian hats, boots with wide tops or Russian bast shoes.
The Tatars, on the other hand, have recently begun to notice Russian urban influence on both men's and women's costumes.
The headband of the Mishars has a special shape, completely similar to the Kirghiz one. First, they wrap the head with a veil (tastar), and tie a scarf over it, spreading its ends from behind, as if from a turban. E. A. Malov and Cheremshansky also pointed out this feature of the headband of the misharok. I. N. Smirnov noticed that, under the influence of the Mishars, the Mokshan women also wear the same form of headdress.
Misharks do not wear caps and hats; Tatar women often wear white felt hats during field work, and on holidays and at a party they wear hats with a beaver band, sometimes decorated with a braid on top. However, the lace decoration of hats is already going out of fashion among the Tatars. The hat is also given as a kalym from the groom, and is recorded in the metric, among other outfits.
Misharkas have their own national camisole-rod of an upper dress with short skirts and sleeves to the elbows, with an open collar, pleated waist. The camisole is fastened with only one clasp, more than silver, the front edges only touch, and do not cover each other. We see exactly the same camisole among the Kirghiz and Nogai Tatars (in the provinces of Orenburg and Astrakhan). Tatar women also wear a camisole, but not like this, it is without folds and without sleeves, the collar is slightly open, the front edges cover each other. The camisole of the Tatars is usually warm (with fur), and is also given in kalym.
The Mishars wear knitted stockings, while the Tatars and Chuvashs wear white cloth stockings.
The Kostroma Mishars have nothing national left, except for the headband of women, who can only be distinguished from Russian women by this outfit.
The costume of the Mishars in the provinces of Orenburg and Ufa, judging by the descriptions of Cheremshansky, does not differ at all from the costume of the Bashkirs and Tatars of that region.
CONCLUSION ON PEOPLE AND ORIGIN.
Among Russian scientists, there was an opinion that the current Mishars or Meshcheryaks, as they are called in Russian literature, come from the Finnish Meshchera tribe that lived on the Oka and its tributaries.
This assumption, based solely on the name "Mishar" and the disappearance of Meshchera, needs scientific verification. Literature about the Mishars is extremely poor; no one studied the language and way of life of this people, which is why there are frequent mistakes and inaccuracies in the few sources available.
The bare name "Mishar", of course, is not enough to determine the nationality of this tribe, since neighboring peoples often give each other erroneous names, for example, the Kirghiz call the Bashkirs Ostyaks (istak), the meadow Cheremis call the Tatars the Chuvashs (Suas), the Votyaks they are called bigers (biger), the Chuvashs call the Kirghiz nogays (nogai), and the Kirghiz themselves call this name the Volga Tatars in general, the Altai Kalmyks call the Russian Cossacks (Cossack). The disappeared Meshchera tribe was of the same origin as the Mordovians, and in Russian chronicles it is constantly mentioned along with the Mordovians and Cheremis.
Mordva, like other Volga Finns, has been leading a sedentary life since ancient times and from time immemorial has been engaged in arable farming and beekeeping, hunting for animals and fishing.
The Mishars, however, not only have no inclination towards these branches of the economy (except for agriculture), but there are absolutely no words in the language related to these crafts. And their agriculture is in a much worse state than that of the Mordovians and other foreigners of the Volga region. The Mordovians, like other Finns, do not notice a nomadic character at all, which was preserved quite freshly among the Mishars.
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If the assumption about the origin of the current Mishars from the Meshchera is considered reliable, then under the influence of what people could this Finnish tribe so soon and completely Tatar? In the language of the Kazan Tatars, as the closest Turkic neighbors of the Meshchera, we do not notice some phonetic features of the Mishar dialect and a lot of its words and Turkic archaisms, found only in the dialects of the Siberian Tatars, which never came into contact with the Meshchera.
The question is, due to what favorable circumstances did other neighbors and fellow tribesmen of the Meshchers (Mordva and Cheremis) not suffer the same fate and remain, as it were, isolated from the Tatars? Meanwhile, the Mordvins (Moksha), occupying now their historical places (and in the Meshchera region, as the name of the river - Moksha shows), is a constant neighbor of the Mishars in the provinces of Ryazan, Nizhny Novgorod, Penza, Tambov, Simbirsk, etc. How can we explain, finally the current Mishars have the most Turkic type, and where could they have had so many murzas and princes?
The Mishars consider themselves Tatars, the Kirghiz call them Nogays (Nogai), the Kazan Tatars claim that they are of Turkish origin; other foreigners and the Russian people indifferently call them Tatars.
The language and the names of settlements derived from it prove that this is a nomadic people of the Turkic race, who came out of Central Asia at a relatively late time. Their own legends and some historical data say that these are fragments of the Golden Horde.
Personal names and surnames derived from them also serve to some extent as indicators of their Tatar origin.
By type, the Mishars belong to the Turkic race and have more similarities, for example, with the Crimean Tatars and even distant Yakuts.
Their occupations, manners and customs are of a nomadic nature and are similar to those of the Kirghiz.
The women's costume is of purely Asian origin and is completely similar to the Kirghiz and Nogai.
The totality of all these data excludes the possibility of the Finnish origin of the current Mishars and serves as irrefutable proof of their Turkic origin. I came to a deep conviction that these were representatives of a more numerous and once strong tribe, namely the descendants of those nomads of Asia who in the 13th century poured into Europe through the Ural River and established themselves on Akhtuba under the name of the Golden Horde. After the collapse of the last part of this tribe, led by Prince Kasim, in the middle of the 15th century, it established itself on the Oka and began to be called by the main city of Meshchera, where their leader Ka-sim sat down. Another significant part, nomadic for a long time and known under the common name of the Nogais, after conquering the kingdoms of Kazan and Astrakhan, gradually established itself in the current provinces of Samara, Saratov, Simbirsk, Penza and the southern part of Kazan, when the region began to be settled by Russians. When the complete dominance of the Russians on the Volga was established, various circumstances forced the Mohammedan foreigners (Tatars and Mishars) to move to Bashkiria, where they live to this day. And also many Tatar princes and murzas with their squads left the Horde for Russian service at different times. This whole element is currently called mishar.
VII. About the name Mishar.
The Turkic tribes have a custom to call themselves and their neighbors by the names of their leaders (Uzbek, Nogai, Chagatai, etc.), or by the names of settlements. For example, the Turks call the Russians in general by the name "Moskov", the Volga Bulgars were also known by their main city. The Mishars of the Nizhny Novgorod province call the Tatars the name "Kazan", the Astrakhan Nogai call them "Kazans". Mishar murzas in the Ufa province are known in Bashkiria under the name "Toman" as they came out of Temnikov, Tambov province. The Mishars of the Ryazan province generally call themselves "KaciM", and the city of Kasimov is called "Kirman".
In the cities of Moscow and Astrakhan, there are many Mishars from the Nizhny Novgorod province, who are generally known under the name "Nizhgorod", as they call themselves. The city of Kasimov, before being occupied by the Tatars, was called "Meshchera", as well as "Meshchersky town". The name of the ancestor of the new settlers (Kasim) gradually replaced the ancient name, which later passed to the people who lived in it (and in its region). The Kazan Tatars imposed this name without distinction on all the Tatars of the Volga region, speaking one common dialect.
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Tell me what you are trying to prove to me and why?
That Tatars are brothers to Russians and Finno-Ugric peoples?
Each nation has its own distinctive features, which allow almost without error to determine the nationality of a person. It is worth noting that the Asian peoples are very similar to each other, since all are descendants of the Mongoloid race. How can you define a Tatar? What is the difference between the appearance of the Tatars?
Uniqueness
Without a doubt, each person is unique, regardless of nationality. And yet there are certain common features that unite representatives of a race or nationality. Tatars are usually attributed to the so-called Altai family. This is a Turkish group. The ancestors of the Tatars were known as farmers. Unlike other representatives of the Mongoloid race, the Tatars do not have pronounced facial features.
The appearance of the Tatars and the changes that are now manifesting in them are largely caused by assimilation with the Slavic peoples. Indeed, among the Tatars, fair-haired, sometimes even red-haired representatives are sometimes found. This, for example, cannot be said about Uzbeks, Mongols or Tajiks. Do the eyes of the Tatars have features? They do not necessarily have a narrow slit in the eyes and dark skin. Are there any common features of the appearance of the Tatars?
Description of the Tatars: a bit of history
Tatars are among the most ancient and populous ethnic groups. In the Middle Ages, mention of them excited everyone around: in the east from the shores of the Pacific Ocean and to the Atlantic coast. A variety of scientists included references to this people in their writings. The mood of these notes was clearly polar: some wrote with rapture and admiration, while other scientists showed fear. But one thing united everyone - no one remained indifferent. It is quite obvious that it was the Tatars who had a huge impact on the course of development of Eurasia. They managed to create a distinctive civilization that influenced a variety of cultures.
In the history of the Tatar people there were both ups and downs. Periods of peace gave way to cruel times of bloodshed. The ancestors of modern Tatars took part in the creation of several strong states at once. Despite all the vicissitudes of fate, they managed to preserve both their people and their identity.
ethnic groups
Thanks to the works of anthropologists, it became known that the ancestors of the Tatars were not only representatives of the Mongoloid race, but also Europeans. It was this factor that led to the diversity in appearance. Moreover, the Tatars themselves are usually divided into groups: Crimean, Ural, Volga-Siberian, South Kama. The Volga-Siberian Tatars, whose facial features have the greatest signs of the Mongoloid race, are distinguished by the following features: dark hair, pronounced cheekbones, brown eyes, a wide nose, a fold over the upper eyelid. Representatives of this type are few.
The face of the Volga Tatars is oblong, the cheekbones are not too pronounced. The eyes are large and gray (or brown). Hump nose, oriental type. The physique is correct. In general, the men of this group are quite tall and hardy. Their skin is not dark. Such is the appearance of the Tatars from the Volga region.
Kazan Tatars: appearance and customs
The appearance of the Kazan Tatars is described as follows: a strongly built strong man. From the Mongols, a wide oval of the face and a somewhat narrowed slit of the eyes are noticeable. The neck is short and strong. Men rarely wear a thick beard. Such features are explained by the fusion of Tatar blood with various Finnish peoples.
The marriage ceremony is not like a religious act. From religiosity - only reading the first chapter of the Koran and a special prayer. After marriage, a young girl does not immediately move to her husband's house: for another year she will live in her family. It is curious that her newly-made husband comes to her as a guest. Tatar girls are ready to wait for their lover.
Only a few have two wives. And in those cases when this happens, there are reasons: for example, when the first has already grown old, and the second - younger - now runs the household.
The most common Tatars of the European type - the owners of blond hair and bright eyes. The nose is narrow, aquiline or aquiline. Growth is not high - in women about 165 cm.
Peculiarities
In the character of a Tatar man, some features were noticed: diligence, cleanliness and hospitality border on stubbornness, pride and indifference. Respect for elders is what distinguishes the Tatars. It was noted that representatives of this people tend to be guided by reason, adapt to the situation, and are law-abiding. In general, the synthesis of all these qualities, especially diligence and perseverance, makes a Tatar man very purposeful. Such people are able to achieve success in their careers. The work is brought to the end, they have a habit of achieving their goal.
A purebred Tatar seeks to acquire new knowledge, showing enviable perseverance and responsibility. Crimean Tatars have a special indifference and calmness in stressful situations. Tatars are very curious and talkative, but during work they are stubbornly silent, apparently so as not to lose concentration.
One of the characteristics is self-esteem. It manifests itself in the fact that the Tatar considers himself special. As a result, there is a certain arrogance and even arrogance.
Cleanliness distinguishes Tatars. In their homes, they do not tolerate disorder and dirt. Moreover, this does not depend on financial capabilities - both rich and poor Tatars zealously monitor cleanliness.
My home is your home
Tatars are very hospitable people. We are ready to host a person, regardless of his status, faith or nationality. Even with a modest income, they show cordial hospitality, ready to share a modest meal with a guest.
Tatar women stand out with great curiosity. They are attracted by beautiful clothes, they watch people of other nationalities with interest, they follow fashion. Tatar women are very attached to their home, they devote themselves to raising children.
Tatar women
What an amazing creature - a Tatar woman! In her heart lies an immeasurable, deepest love for her loved ones, for her children. Its purpose is to bring peace to people, to serve as a model of peacefulness and morality. A Tatar woman is distinguished by a sense of harmony and special musicality. She radiates a certain spirituality and nobility of the soul. The inner world of a Tatar woman is full of riches!
Tatar girls from a young age are aimed at a strong, lasting marriage. After all, they want to love their husband and raise future children behind solid walls of reliability and trust. No wonder the Tatar proverb says: “A woman without a husband is like a horse without a bridle!” Her husband's word is law for her. Although witty Tatars complement - for any law, however, there is also an amendment! And yet these are devoted women who sacredly honor traditions and customs. However, do not expect to see a Tatar in a black veil - this is a stylish lady who has a sense of dignity.
The appearance of the Tatars is very well-groomed. Fashionistas in the wardrobe can see stylized things that emphasize her nationality. Here, for example, there are shoes that imitate chitek - national leather boots worn by Tatar girls. Another example is applications, where patterns convey the stunning beauty of the earth's flora.
And what's on the table?
A Tatar woman is a wonderful hostess, loving, hospitable. By the way, a little about the kitchen. The national cuisine of the Tatars is quite predictable in that the main dishes are often based on dough and fat. Even a lot of dough, a lot of fat! Of course, this is far from the healthiest food, although guests are usually offered exotic dishes: kazylyk (or dried horse meat), gubadia (a puff pie with a wide variety of fillings, from cottage cheese to meat), talkysh-kaleva (an incredibly high-calorie dessert flour, butter and honey). You can drink all this rich treat with ayran (a mixture of katyk and water) or traditional tea.
Like Tatar men, women are distinguished by purposefulness and perseverance in achieving goals. Overcoming difficulties, they show ingenuity and resourcefulness. All this is complemented by great modesty, generosity and kindness. Truly, a Tatar woman is a wonderful gift from above!
At one of the press conferences, the question about the national character somehow arose: does such a concept exist in principle, or was it invented by journalists? Then a young employee of a popular metropolitan publication stood up and answered: “I won’t say about others, but we, Tatars, definitely have a national character - we Tatars, if only for nothing.”
However, it is very difficult to find a person who would refuse a freebie, so this is probably not the main feature of the Tatar ethnos. What then are the main ones? Let's try to find them.
1. Red, red, freckled
Tatars are considered to be brunettes with large dark eyes. However, the people have long and firmly assimilated with the Slavs, and therefore among its representatives there are blondes, and brown-haired, and freckled redheads. Not obligatory and swarthy skin, high cheekbones, a narrow slit of the eyes. In addition, there are Crimean, Ural, Volga-Siberian, South Kama Tatars, which are quite different from each other. So if you are not a professional anthropologist, then you are unlikely to identify a Tatar by the eyes, nose or shape of the lips.
2. The beard does not warm in the cold
The Tatars rarely wear a beard, apparently imitating the Finno-Ugric peoples, with whom they also historically merged.
3. Fatima, Gulchatay, Reseda…
Tatars are Muslims, but polygamy is not widespread among them. It is extremely rare for a Tatar to even have two wives. Only if the first wife, having entered old age, finds it difficult to take care of the house and children, she takes the second one - younger and stronger. And he checks the bride like this: he watches how she cuts homemade noodles and bread, the thinner the better, she will be an economical hostess.
4. All at work
If the Germans are, first of all, punctual, the Russians are reckless, then the Tatars are hard-working. They do well in trade and crafts. The well-known historian of the 19th century Nikolai Nikolsky wrote in his "Ethnic Albums": "It is difficult to imagine a Tatar at home even on Muslim holidays, he certainly stands near his shop or shop and talks with neighbors and with travelers. The Tatars trade better than the Russians ".
5. You will lick your fingers!
Are you saying that you don't like Tatar cuisine? You just haven't tried it! It is delicious, but for some reason little known. Only chak-chak and azu in Tatar are popular everywhere. Of course, it’s hard to find kalyk - dried horse meat today, but cook belish with meat, potato, or curd filling, kystyby with millet porridge or peremyach with carrots or beets, you definitely won’t regret it!
6. You don’t drink tea, where do you get strength?
Tea in Tatarstan is a favorite national drink. Without it, not a single meeting takes place, a conversation does not start. Start the day with "irtenge chey" - morning tea. "Cheyge chakyru" is an ancient custom of inviting people for tea. “After tea, summer is in the soul,” says a folk proverb.
7. In we came from the Tatars
Tatars are sure that most of the great people belong to their people. Yes, often you can’t argue: Rachmaninov, Aksakov, Tyutchev, Karamzin, Sheremetyev are surnames of Tatar origin. And in the recently released film "Secrets of the Tatars of Moscow" it is stated that even Minin and Pozharsky had Tatar roots in their family.
8. A man, even if he falls, will find money.
So says the Tatar proverb. The people are distinguished by thrift and diligence. A Tatar will definitely build himself a good, comfortable home, create a strong economy. There are few millionaires among the Tatars, but there are practically no poor, mostly they are wealthy, wealthy people who can sensibly manage even small amounts of money.
9. Kulmek, yshtan, yes skullcap
The basis of the national Tatar costume is a loose tunic-shaped shirt (kulmek), wide trousers (yshtan) and an indispensable skullcap. Fabrics, even men, have always preferred bright, oriental, with intricate patterns. And they did not take off the skullcap either at home or on the street, on cold days they put on a hat or a felt hat right on top of it.
10. A lot of us!
Tatars in our country are the second largest people, after the Russians. According to the last census in 2010. a little more than 5 million, and therefore they are rightfully considered the state-forming nation. They have been living next to us for many centuries, so let our friendship only grow stronger!
And here is what famous representatives of the Tatar people think about themselves.
Nail Nabiullin, Chairman of the Union of Tatar Youth "Azatlyk"
A modern Tatar man knows several languages perfectly, Russian, English, of course, Tatar. Strives to learn the Turkic languages: Turkish, Kazakh. He is always ready to help those in need. He is a Muslim who necessarily knows the basic canons of Islam. He loves himself, his family, his relatives. As a state-forming nation, the Tatars are generally responsible for our entire country, and not just for themselves.
A real Tatar is a loving father of many children, he strives to give his sons and daughters a good education, and he himself is constantly improving spiritually.
Unfortunately, globalization makes itself felt, and he does not wear national clothes every day, but strives for this. At a minimum, on holidays he wears a skullcap to emphasize his national identity. I wear a skullcap every day. And for solemn moments, I have a national costume. However, even when I dress in European style, I strive to have at least some ethnic element, albeit small, but present in my costume.
And the Tatar, at least, is a wealthy person.
Rais Suleimanov, researcher at the Volga Center for Regional and Ethno-Religious Studies (RISS):
A modern Tatar man is a secular person, mostly a city dweller, fluent in Russian, as a rule, he wears European clothes, perceives Russian culture not as someone else's, but as his own. It can easily integrate with Russians, up to marriages. There is no Caucasian expression in him, he is calm and peaceful. Strives to become a wealthy person, material wealth is important to him, but he is not a hoarder.
Evgenia Keda
There is a mixture of both Mongoloid and Caucasoid ancestors, so the representatives of this one are very different. There are several types of Tatars, for example, Ural, South Kama, Volga-Siberian. The last of them is distinguished by the appearance of the Mongoloid type - a wide face, dark hair, brown and the so-called Mongolian fold on the upper eyelid. But there are few such Tatars, this type is the smallest. Most often there are Caucasoid appearance with light brown and blond hair. Almost all types of Tatars have a thin nose, sometimes with a small hump or lowered tip.
Cleanliness, readiness to come to the rescue, and patience are considered distinctive features of the Tatar character. It is believed that this nation is characterized by self-confidence, pride and narcissism. Tatars do not live by feelings, but by reason, therefore they are law-abiding, respectful, love order and stability. A Tatar will not swim against the current - once in an unfavorable situation, he will show flexibility and adapt to new conditions. Tatars are characterized by tolerance, religiosity and the deepest respect for elders.
Tatars are distinguished by the presence of a commercial vein. They have earned a reputation as the best workers for their diligence, conscientious fulfillment of their obligations, discipline and perseverance in the performance of their work. Representatives of the Tatar nation strive for knowledge. They are smart and responsible. Honoring the elders is also reflected in professional activities - it will never dismiss an employee of pre-retirement age. The negative quality of a Tatar is considered to be an excessively sharp directness of judgments.
Our names are connected with nationality. When a child receives the name of his nationality, he involuntarily begins to identify himself with the history, character and customs of his people. And if you decide to call the baby a beautiful Tatar name, he will undoubtedly grow up as a decent, kind and cheerful person. So let's choose a name!
You will need
- Head and list of male Tatar names and their meanings.
Instruction
Pay attention to how the ones you like will be combined with. If the father of the child has a Tatar name, everything is simple here, since Tatar and Tatar names form beautiful combinations. Another thing is if the father is endowed, for example, with the simple Russian name Ivan. The choice, of course, will be difficult. It may happen that the name that you liked and most sunk into your soul may not fit at all. In this case, donate, not a name. Do not forget about relatives and friends who are always ready to help you and give advice.
A feature of the Tatar nationality is the absence of pronounced features of appearance, which would make it possible to accurately distinguish its representatives from other peoples. Their appearance is different, depending on the ethnic group to which they belong. However, anthropology still highlights the signs of how the Tatars look, taking into account the characteristic features.
How to identify a Tatar: typical features of nationality
Tatars (self-name "Tatarlar") belong to the Turkic group, the white race. Since ancient times, the populous ethnos influenced the development of Eurasia. The history of the Middle Ages tells how the nation held in tension a vast territory from the Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic coast.
The variety of types of appearance of the people is due to its origin, since among the ancestors of the Tatars there were representatives of both the Mongoloid and European races. This also explains the prevalence and population of the nation.
The mixed race, to which the Tatars belong, allows you to see among its representatives dark-haired and fair, red, brown-eyed, with gray eyes, and so on.
Depending on where they came from and where they live, there are many types of a given nationality.
These include:
- Kazan;
- Kasimov's;
- Siberian;
- Astrakhan;
- Permian;
- Crimean Tatars;
- Mishari;
- teptyari;
- Kryashens;
- whips and others.
The population of the nation in Russia in 2010, according to Wikipedia, is 5.3 million people. As a percentage, the indicator, how many Tatars are from the total population, is 3.87%. In terms of prevalence in the Russian Federation, nationality is recognized as the second after Russians. There are about a million Tatars in the world, they make up more than half of the population of the Republic of Tatarstan (53%), and in the United States, according to statistics, only 2-7 thousand people live.
Representatives of the nation speak the Tatar language, which includes the Western and Kazan dialects. In the religion of the people there are Muslims, Orthodox Christians (Kryashens) or atheists (there is no faith in God). Mostly in their religion, the Tatars belong to the Sunnis, and not to the Shiites.
It helps to determine nationality by facial features characteristic of anthropological types.
Tatars distinguish 4 of them:
Each of them is characterized by the features shown in the photo.
head shape
Tatars are characterized by mesokephaly or subbrachycephaly (cranial index 76-80), that is, they are predominantly medium-headed, moderately long and wide skull and oval face.
The Mongoloid type is characterized by brachycephaly, that is, short-headedness. The face is broad and flattened.
The photo shows TV presenter Almaz Garayev and actor and TV presenter Timur Batrutdinov.
Almaz Garayev
Timur Batrutdinov
Eyes
It is believed that the Tatars are characterized by the Mongolian section of the eyes, their narrow shape. However, this is not necessary; the epicanthus is predominantly found in the Mongoloid type, and is poorly developed in the sublaponoid type.
Other anthropological types are not characterized by such features.
The color varies: Tatars are blue-eyed, with brown eyes. But the green ones are the most common.
The photo shows the singer, actor and director Dmitry Bikbaev.
It is difficult to identify a Tatar by his appearance.
A more characteristic type is presented below - singer, actor, composer, producer, film director Renat Ibragimov.
Nose
The shape of the olfactory organ in Tatars is diverse. Usually the nose is wide, with a straight back or an unexpressed hump. For the Pontic type, a lowered tip is characteristic, for the Mongoloid and sublaponoid type, a low nose bridge.
The photo shows a singer, actor, entrepreneur, composer, producer Timati (Timur Yunusov) and a successful tennis player Marat Safin.
Marat Safin
Hair
Mostly Tatars are characterized by black hair. But unlike the Uzbeks, Mongols, Tajiks, there are also fair-haired representatives of the nationality. Tatars can have light brown and red color.
The photographs show Russian footballer Ruslan Nigmatullin and actor Marat Basharov.
Ruslan Nigmatullin
Marat Basharov
The appearance of the Tatars
A generalized image, what Tatars are, is a person of medium height with mixed pigmentation of the eyes and hair, a moderately wide oval face, a straight or hooked nose. Men are distinguished by a strongly built body, stockiness, women, on the contrary, by fragility.
The appearance of Tatars sometimes differs significantly, depending on belonging to a particular ethnic group.
Kazan
Among the Tatars of this ethnic group, European features of appearance are often observed: light brown hair, sometimes red, light eyes, narrow nose, straight or with a hump. This type is similar to the Slavs.
From the Mongols, a wide oval face and narrowed eyes may be present.
Men are characterized by medium height, strong build, short neck. This is due to the mixing of blood with the Finnish peoples.
The picture shows Kazan Tatar celebrities.
Crimean
The Tatars of this group appeared in the 15th century. Its representatives live in the south of Ukraine, in Russia, Romania, Turkey, Uzbekistan (where they were deported from the Crimea in the middle of the 20th century).
Purebred Crimean Tatars have an appearance close to Slavic. The real representatives of the nation were tall, blond or red hair, light eyes and skin.
However, the neighborhood with Asians introduced characteristic features into the image of nationality. Many Tatars acquired the corresponding type of face, dark hair and eyes, swarthyness.
After returning to the Crimea, the people revive the lost original customs and traditions.
The photo shows the Crimean and Kazan Tatars, where features are traced, how ethnic groups differ from each other.
Ural
The history of the Tatars in the Southern Urals has been little studied; today the Chelyabinsk region has a huge number of communities.
The anthropological type of a representative of the nationality is shown in the figure.
Often there are dark hair and eyes, possibly narrowed, a wide oval face and nose, prominent cheekbones, large ears.
Volga
The Tatars of this group are characterized by signs of the Mongoloid race. This is manifested by dark hair, gray or brown eyes with a crease in the upper eyelid, a wide nose, sometimes with a hump, usually fair skin.
Men are distinguished by a strong physique, height above average.
Siberian
Oriental appearance is characteristic, which is visually easy to distinguish from Russian. A mixture of Caucasoid and Mongoloid types is characteristic. Sometimes the appearance of the Siberian Tatars is comparable to the Uzbek.
Representatives of the nationality have dark hair and eyes, prominent cheekbones, a wide nose of the oriental type. The physique is correct, men are characterized by strength and endurance.
Gorky (Nizhny Novgorod)
They act as a sub-ethnos of the Tatar-Mishars. Their characteristic feature is the clattering Nizhny Novgorod dialect. They live in Nizhny Novgorod, Dzerzhinsk and Tatar villages.
The Pontic anthropological type of appearance predominates, manifested by dark or mixed pigmentation of the eyes and hair, a hooked nose and a lowered tip, and medium height. Caucasoid features are possible, differing from the previous ones in the light color of the hair and eyes. The Mongoloid type of appearance is not numerous.
Astrakhan
A group of Tatars formed on the territory of the modern Astrakhan region. They are considered descendants of the Turkic-speaking population of the Golden Horde, they have their own dialect.
In the course of historical development, the nationality was influenced by the Nogais.
For the appearance of the Astrakhan Tatars, Mongoloid features are more characteristic than Caucasoid ones. There is a dark color of hair and eyes, some of their narrowness, a wide oval of the face and nose.
What do Tatars look like?
The appearance of the representatives of the weaker sex of the Tatar nationality is similar to those of men. Most of them are of European ethnicity, however, the Mongoloid type is also common.
The photo shows various types of Tatar appearance: the famous journalist and TV presenter Lilia Gildeeva and the beauty Miss "Youth of Tatarstan-2012" Albina Zamaleeva.
Lilia Gildeeva
Albina Zamaleeva
Face
Tatar girls are characterized by a rounded oval of the face, an unexpressed squint of the eyes, and the presence of epicanthus is possible. Their color varies from blue to black. Green eyes are more common.
The photo shows the singer AsylYar (Alsu Zainutdinova).
In her biography, it is noted that she is the very first in history who performed a song in the Tatar language at the International Eurovision Song Contest.
Hair color is also diverse, among the Tatars there are blondes, brunettes, brown-haired women, redheads.
The photo shows the Olympic champion, Europe, Russia in rhythmic gymnastics, State Duma deputy Alina Kabaeva and model Diana Farhullina.
Alina Kabaeva
Diana Farhullina
Depending on the type of appearance, the skin is dark or light. Often it is whiter than that of the representatives of the Slavic nationality.
Figure
Most Tatar women are characterized by slender figures, fragility and grace. An example of this is the theater and film actress Chulpan Khamatova.
The height of the Tatars is average, about 165 centimeters, long legs are uncharacteristic. Some representatives of the nation are characterized by a square figure: broad shoulders along with the same hips. The narrow waist emphasizes the beauty of Tatar women.
The photo shows the famous fashion model Irina Shayk (Shaykhlislamova), a Tatar on the paternal side.
Features of character and mentality
To understand who the Tatars are, it is important to know who they came from. The origin left an imprint on their appearance and lifestyle.
Briefly, the theory of where the Tatars came from calls the ancient state of Volga Bulgaria the place where the roots of the nation were formed. Their ancestors are the Bulgars. The Turkic-Bulgarian ethnos came from the Asian steppes and settled in the Middle Volga region. In the X-XIII centuries, the nationality created its own statehood. Mostly we are talking about the Volga-Ural group, other varieties are considered as separate communities. For example, the theory of Tatar-Mongol origin reduces or even denies the participation of the Volga Bulgaria in the history of the Kazan Tatars.
Often there is a dispute that the Tatars are still Asians or Europeans. It is due to racial mixing. Geneticists say that the nation is mostly Caucasoids, with a minority of Mongoloids.
The photo shows the guys and girls of the Tatars in national costumes.
The mentality and culture of the people is influenced by their religion - they profess Islam, which they adopted on May 21, 922.
The character of a Tatar man is distinguished by stubbornness, indifference. However, at the same time, he is hardworking, hospitable, has a sense of dignity, which is sometimes perceived as pride and arrogance. Crimean Tatars are distinguished by calmness, enterprise in stressful situations. They are careerists, striving for knowledge and new opportunities.
What Tatar men are in a relationship is determined by their character: they are reliable, reasonable, law-abiding, purposeful. Religion allows polygamy, but it is extremely rare. Usually a second wife, a younger one, is brought into the house to help with household chores when the first one has grown old.
A Tatar wife is obedient and submissive to her husband, betrayed in love, from childhood, girls are set up for a long-lasting and only marriage. Women are inquisitive, clean, hospitable, attentive to people, love to cook and raise children. Among the dishes that Tatars eat, kazylyk (dried horse meat), gubadiya (layer cake), talkysh kaleve (dessert), chak-chak stand out. The basis of culinary masterpieces is dough and a thick layer of fat.
Tatar women follow fashion, are interested in new products and love beautiful clothes: despite their obedience to their husbands, loyalty to customs and traditions, you cannot meet her in a black veil.
The photo shows the singer Alsou (Safina / Abramova).
It is believed that Tatar women are passionate in bed, and men are skilled lovers.
Religion does not prohibit marriages with non-Christians, so there is a Tatar wife, a Russian husband, and vice versa. Such families are quite happy, each of the members adheres to their religious beliefs. Mestizos are born from a mixture of Russians and Tatars. Children of mixed blood are often outwardly cute, combining the features of 2 nationalities.
An interesting fact is the appearance in some babies of a sign of belonging to the Mongoloid race - a specific spot (Mongolian). Such a Tatar mark in a child is a bluish patch of skin on the buttocks, sacrum, and thighs.
Sometimes it is mistaken for a bruise, although this is considered a sign of oriental blood. With age, the stain disappears.
Tatarov highlights worship and respect for elders.
An interesting marriage ceremony. After the wedding, the guy and the girl do not live together for another year. It is considered correct that at this time the young woman stays with her parents, and her husband (in Tatar the word sounds “ir”) comes as a guest.
Differences from other nations
Comparing the appearance of the Tatars and similar peoples, they distinguish identical and distinctive features.
For example, the Bashkirs also belong to the Turkic family, have a similar language and adhere to the same religion. However, there are differences in appearance. Tatars are predominantly characterized by Caucasoid features, Bashkirs - Mongoloid.
Bashkir
There is a theory that the Jews are inherently similar to the Tatars. This is due to the similar structure of DNA. Adherents of the hypothesis believe that the majority of Ashkenazi Jews did not belong to Israel and are Turks.
There is something in common between Tatars and Turks. This is their belonging to the Turkic peoples.
The Tatars also have a close relationship with the Kazakhs. Previously, they were ranked as one people, connected by a Turkic community. However, it is not difficult to distinguish nationality by appearance.
For visual comparison, the picture shows the anthropological types of various peoples.
stereotypes
There are many stereotypes about the Tatar people, right and wrong, which have become obsolete or to this day are their hallmarks.
- An uninvited guest is worse than a Tatar!- phraseological unit refers to the time when the Russians were under the yoke of the yoke. The Tatars were cruel invaders, they showed violence, ferocity. The Russians, accordingly, considered them a nasty people and hated them with all their hearts. Therefore, the uninvited guest in the proverb acts as an unexpected invader, like a Tatar, as they were scornfully called in Rus'.
- Tatars are cunning and stingy. The people are characterized by thrift, they do not like to squander money. The Tatar is prudent and prosperous, creates comfortable living conditions for himself, managing finances wisely.
- Selfishness and arrogance. Sometimes Tatars call themselves special, arguing that great people have their roots. This is the reason why the representatives of the nation are not loved. However, to exalt one's people and consider them better than others is also characteristic of other nationalities.
- Tea lovers. Not a single event or meeting takes place without a drink.
- Hospitality. Tatars are friendly and inquisitive. They are happy to receive guests in the house. The hosts will put delicious Tatar delicacies on the table and keep up a pleasant conversation.
