Today, on the territory of the Russian Federation there are more than 40 closed territorial-administrative entities, also called ZATOs. All of them are surrounded by rows of barbed wire and guarded by military patrols. The city data belongs to the Ministry of Defense, Roscosmos and Rosatom. In order to enter the territory of closed cities in Russia, you must obtain a special pass. The easiest way to obtain such a document is for those who have relatives living in the ZATO territory. Those who get a job in such a city or find a soul mate from among the local residents also receive a pass. However, it is worth saying that there are workarounds. For example, in some closed cities of Russia, various sports and cultural competitions are periodically held, to which outside participants may be invited. The most desperate ones simply try to find a hole in the fence to get into the city. Let us warn you right away: illegal entry into the territory of a closed city can lead to administrative liability and immediate expulsion. We have prepared for you a list of closed Russian cities that are definitely worth visiting. Well, or at least try to do it.
Zheleznogorsk, Krasnoyarsk region
Other names for this locality are Krasnoyarsk 26, Atomgrad, Sotsgorod. This city received its special status due to the fact that the Mining and Chemical Combine is located on its territory. Previously, weapons-grade plutonium was produced here. Another facility located in this place is Information Satellite Systems OJSC, which produces, as the name implies, satellites. When constructing the city, the specialists who worked on its project adhered to the concept of maximum possible non-interference in the natural landscape, and therefore, if you look at it from a bird's eye view, it may seem that the residential areas of the city are located right in the middle of the forest.
Not far from the settlement in the mountain range there are uranium-graphite reactors for the production of plutonium. By the way, one of them operated until recently. In addition to producing plutonium, it supplied the local population with electricity and heat. These reactors are located in kilometer-long tunnels in the depths of a granite monolith. One of the tunnels was laid from the Mining and Chemical Combine to the opposite bank of the Yenisei.
Plutonium for mother-in-law
During the Soviet Union, the status of a closed city attracted foreign intelligence agents to this settlement. However, vigilant local residents figured them out almost instantly. A story about their own fellow countryman is especially popular among the population of Zheleznogorsk. In the eighties of the last century, one of the plant workers managed to smuggle a small amount of plutonium through the entrance. The man kept the radioactive metal at home in an ordinary glass jar. Later, when the thief was “discovered” using special equipment, he began to justify himself by saying that he just wanted to poison his beloved mother-in-law. As a result of a forensic medical examination, the employee of the mining and chemical plant was declared insane and sent for compulsory treatment.
Mirny, Arkhangelsk region
This closed city of Russia is the administrative and residential center of the Plesetsk cosmodrome. By the way, in this place during the time of Tsarist Russia, there was a road called the Sovereign Road, heading towards the White Sea. If you believe the legends, it was along this road that Mikhailo Lomonosov followed the convoy to Moscow. However, there are no memorial signs on this territory; all the sights of the settlement are associated exclusively with space exploration.
In general, the city of Mirny is replete with a variety of monuments, monuments and obelisks. Even the stone from which the construction of the city began was turned into a monument here. In memory of the launch of the first Soviet navigation spacecraft, the Cosmos-1000 obelisk was erected in the city, and when the Cosmos-2000 satellite was launched into orbit, another monument appeared on the territory of the settlement. Local residents, by the way, even called him an alien. The thing is that he is strikingly similar to a representative of an extraterrestrial civilization. Thrill-seekers enter the city along a secret path, starting at the last turn of the neighboring village called Plesetsk. However, those who are here for the first time should check the topography with local residents and, of course, be prepared to meet the military patrolling the area.
Zelenogorsk, Krasnoyarsk region
This closed city of Russia, also called Zaozerny-13 and Krasnoyarsk-45, received its special status due to the fact that an open joint-stock company called the Electrochemical Plant Production Association is located on its territory. Specialists at this plant produce low-enriched uranium.
This city appeared on the banks of the Kan River in the place where the village of Ust-Barga used to be. The local population was involved in the construction, and during the construction the village was razed to the ground. Speaking about the sights of Zelenogorsk, it should be noted that there is a Museum of Military Glory and a Museum and Exhibition Center. Also in the city is the temple of St. Seraphim of Sarov. There is a cadet corps in the city; the fact that not only boys, but also girls are trained here deserves special attention. There is little entertainment in Zelenogorsk: locals can relax on the river bank or go to the only nightclub in the city. Visitors to the city may be surprised by its appearance: the fact is that Zelenogorsk is completely different from typical cities of the Soviet era. There are quite wide avenues, numerous squares, and lawns everywhere. Only monuments to the leader of the revolution remind of the Soviet past.
Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod region
Speaking about the most closed cities in Russia, one cannot fail to mention the city known as Shatki-1, Arzamas-75 and 16, Kremlev, Moscow-300. It is on the territory of Sarov that the Russian federal nuclear center, the All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, is located. Let's put it simply: Sarov is the place where the atomic bomb was created. It is worth noting that on the territory of this settlement there is one of the most revered Orthodox shrines - the Sarov Hermitage. Below it is a real underground city! It was here that hermit monks used to descend in search of solitude and silence.
How to get to Sarov?
When talking about how to visit this secret closed city in Russia, experts advise using religious motives. In 2006, a monastery began operating on the territory of Sarov again, to which pilgrim tours are regularly organized. However, atheists also have the opportunity to visit this locality: the fact is that there is a Museum of Nuclear Weapons on its territory. The main exhibit that attracts visitors here is the Tsar Bomba. Yes, yes, this is the same “Kuzka’s mother” that Khrushchev once threatened to show to America!
Znamensk, Astrakhan region
Among the closed military cities of Russia is Znamensk, also known as Kapustin Yar - 1. The reason for the special status of this settlement is that it is the administrative and residential center of a military training ground called Kapustin Yar. This test site was built back in 1946; it was necessary to conduct tests here of Soviet ballistic missiles, combat ones, of course. But its name - quite peaceful - it received from the village of the same name. It is worth noting that in fact Znamensk is not such a closed city: excursions for students and schoolchildren are regularly held here. Therefore, if you really want to visit closed cities on the map of Russia, you should submit a request to be included in the excursion group.
Dezik, Gypsy and Vasily Voznyuk
The first head of the training ground was Major General Vasily Voznyuk. He entered service in 46 of the last century. By the way, local residents still remember him well; his portraits decorate the offices of the local administration and the Museum of Cosmonautics, located in the city. By the way, it was from the city of Znamensk that the very first space dogs took off. And these were far from Belka and Strelka! From here Desik and Gypsy set off into outer space. It is worth noting that next to the Museum of Cosmonautics there is an open area where you can get acquainted with samples of military equipment: there are various rocket launchers and radars.
Lesnoy, Sverdlovsk region
Speaking about closed nuclear cities in Russia, one cannot fail to mention Sverdlovsk-45, known as the city of Lesnoy. On its territory there is the Elektrokhimpribor Plant, which collects and disposes of nuclear bombs. In addition, the Plant’s specialists produce uranium isotopes. The appearance of this city on the map of Russia is the merit of Gulag prisoners. More than twenty thousand prisoners worked on the construction of the secret facility! The best specialists supervised the work, but there were tragic incidents during the construction of Lesnoy. Several dozen people died here during blasting operations. They were not buried properly and their bodies are in mass graves.
As for Lesnoy’s appearance, it is incredibly similar to other ZATOs. Monument to Lenin, square named after Yuri Gagarin, three-story houses built in the fifties, Stalinist buildings, wide bright avenues. A few kilometers from Lesnoy is the town of Nizhnyaya Tura. Here, residents of the closed city can visit historical and environmental museums.
Novouralsk, Sverdlovsk region
The list of closed cities in Russia also includes Sverdlovsk-44, better known to ordinary people as Novouralsk. The Ural Electrochemical Plant, which produces highly enriched uranium, is located on its territory. Particularly desperate ones make their way into the city through the forest, located near a village called Belorechka. However, it is very easy for a person who has never been to these places before to get lost, which is why extreme sports enthusiasts look for guides. In the very heart of Novouralsk there is a local history museum; there is also an operetta theater in the city. By the way, artists for the latter are trained by the local music school.
Natural monuments
What is so interesting about this closed city of Russia? The list of natural monuments that abound in its surroundings is amazing. For example, there is Hanging Stone Rock and Seven Brothers Mountain. By the way, there are many legends about the latter in these places. They say that this mountain is seven stone idols into which the conqueror of Siberia Ermak turned the sorcerers who prevented the conquest of these places. According to another version, the mountain is all that remains of seven gold-mining brothers who guarded their prey throughout the night. Another version says: in Soviet times, when war was declared on the Old Believers, seven of them fled to the mountains. Here they hoped to escape persecution. They became stones not because some supernatural forces intervened, but because of ordinary fear.
Obolensk, Moscow region
Which closed cities in Russia have lost their status? There are several dozen of them on the list. Perhaps Obolensk, located near Moscow, occupies a special place in the list. During the Soviet Union, it was not indicated on maps; its laboratories, which were disguised as an ordinary sanatorium, were the place where Soviet scientists fought against biological weapons. Obolensk was a closed territory until 1994; the city-forming enterprise was the center of applied microbiology. It was here that scouts brought strains of bacteria from secret laboratories in countries such as the United States of America and England.
Today, this former closed city of Russia is a repository of about three and a half thousand strains of bacteria. Anthrax, tuberculosis, glanders, tularemia - all this was inherited by the city from the Cold War. It is worth saying that vaccines and viruses were developed not only in the laboratories of Obolensk, another 50 enterprises of the USSR were involved in this. All of them were part of an association called “Biopreparat”; there is evidence that about forty thousand specialists worked in this research and production association.
Chelyabinsk-40, Tomsk-7, Krasnoyarsk-26, Salsk-7. What do these numbers assigned to the regional centers of the USSR mean? Closed cities in the USSR are secret places not marked on any map. How these cities lived in Soviet times, and what has changed for them now.
ZATO in the USSR
Why some cities in the USSR had a unique status is easily explained: there were objects of national importance from the energy, space or military industries. Only those who had the right to access classified information could know about the existence of a ZATO (closed administrative-territorial entity). Everything happened there under the strictest secrecy - from scientific tests with the Ebola virus to the birth of the first Soviet nuclear bomb. It sounds scary, but in fact, the life of the population of closed cities in the USSR could only be envied.
It was simply impossible to enter the closed city - only with a one-time pass or travel order, which was checked at the checkpoint. Only persons registered in a closed city or village had permanent passes. The numbering of bus routes, houses and institutions in ZATOs was not carried out from the beginning, but continued what was introduced in the regional cities to which ZATOs belonged. The population of cities with security patrols at the entrance, behind barbed wire and walls, the height of which depended on the degree of secrecy of the city, was forced to secrecy, being assigned to the nearest regional centers.
Residents of the closed city also could not talk about their place of residence - they gave a non-disclosure agreement, and its violation could lead to liability, even criminal liability. Outside the city, residents were encouraged to slightly distort reality when communicating with other citizens using their own “legend.” For example, if a person lived in the secret Chelyabinsk-70 (now Snezhinsk), in answer to the question about his place of residence, he discarded the number that carried secrets and, one might say, practically did not lie.
For patience and endurance, keepers of state secrets were entitled to certain bonuses in the form of benefits and privileges. Sounds good for that time: scarce goods unavailable to other citizens of the country, a 20% salary increase regardless of the field of activity, a thriving social sphere, medicine and education. The improved standard of living compensated for the inconvenience.
ZATO in the Russian Federation
After the collapse of the USSR, the fog of secrecy cleared a little: the list of ZATOs was declassified, and their list was approved by a special Russian law. The cities received separate names (previously they were only numbered). Many of the ZATOs are open to the public today, despite the special protection regime. All you need to do is get an invitation from a local resident, who must also be your relative (which naturally needs to be proven).
Today, there are 23 closed cities in Russia: 10 “nuclear” (Rosatom), 13 belong to the Ministry of Defense, which is in charge of another 32 ZATOs with villages. Secret cities in Russia are concentrated mainly in the Ural region, Chelyabinsk, Krasnoyarsk territories and the Moscow region.
The total population of ZATO is more than a million people: almost every 100th citizen of the Russian Federation today lives in a closed city or village and can openly declare this. Only the activities of industrial enterprises and military facilities in an isolated territory remain a state secret - it is better for residents to remain silent about this.
Zagorsk-6 and Zagorsk-7
The well-known Sergiev Posad near Moscow, which is more likely associated with pilgrimage than with science, was called Zagorsk until 1991 and included several small closed towns. In Zagorsk-6 the Virology Center of the Research Institute of Microbiology was located, and in Zagorsk-7 the Central Institute of Physics and Technology of the USSR Ministry of Defense. In Zagorsk-6, bacteriological weapons were manufactured, and in Zagorsk-7, opened in 2001, radioactive weapons were manufactured.
It was in Zagorsk-6 that weapons were created based on the smallpox virus, which was brought to the USSR by tourists from India in 1959. In addition, they developed deadly weapons based on South American and South African viruses, and also tested the famous Ebola virus. It is not surprising that the city is closed to this day. Interestingly, only people with the most crystalline biography could work at Zagorsk enterprises - not only personal, but also of all their relatives.
Now in Zagorsk-6, which is popularly called “six”, there are more than 6,000 residents. For the most part, former military men and members of their families, virtually cut off from the world, have a pretty hard life. They complain about their status as “hostages,” about food shortages and unstable cellular communications. The roads are rarely cleaned, and housing and communal services problems are practically not addressed. Traveling units independently decide which entrepreneurs to allow into the territory and which not. The choice of food products is quite limited, and therefore residents of the village travel ten kilometers to shops with a wide range of goods.
Birthplace of the atomic bomb: Arzamas-16 (now the closed nuclear center Sarov)
In this city, on the site of the village of Sarova in the Nizhny Novgorod region, the first development of the Soviet atomic bomb under the secret name KB-11 took place. The nuclear center was one of the most closed cities and turned into a nuclear prison for the local population: until the mid-50s, it was impossible to leave the city even during vacation, with the exception of business trips. It was under serious protection: rows of barbed wire, a control strip, modern tracking equipment, and vehicle inspection.
The imprisonment was compensated by an average salary of 200 rubles and an abundance of goods on the shelves: sausage and cheese, red and black caviar. Residents of regional centers never dreamed of this. Today you can see the first Soviet nuclear bomb at the Nuclear Weapons Museum. Today the city's population is almost 90 thousand people. The city's scientific achievements are reminded of in the museum, where you can see replicas of equipment and nuclear weapons.
Sarov is a city of contrasts. Scientific institutes coexist here with the famous shrine - the Diveyevo Monastery, which was founded by the Monk Seraphim of Sarov. Closedness was characteristic of these places long before the activities of Soviet scientists: under the monastery there are entire underground cities - catacombs and corridors, where the monks found peace and solitude.
Sverdlovsk-45 (now Lesnoy)
The city was located around a plant that enriched uranium, where, according to some sources, Gulag prisoners worked at the foot of Mount Shaitan. They say that there were tragic incidents: the construction of the city claimed the lives of several dozen people who died during blasting operations.
In terms of commodity abundance, the city was inferior to Arzamas-16, but it was famous for its comfort and convenience, which was the envy of residents of nearby cities. According to rumors, residents of the secret city were even attacked at the border by envious neighbors. In 1960, it was near Sverdlovsk-45 that an American U-2 spy plane was shot down, and its pilot Powers was captured.
Now the city of Lesnoy is under the auspices of Rosatom and is also open to prying eyes. You can get to it by bus from Yekaterinburg, which goes to the neighboring town of Nizhnyaya Tura.
Novouralsk (Sverdlovsk-44)
The city enterprise OJSC Ural Electrochemical Plant produces highly enriched uranium. The city is also famous for its natural wealth: Hanging Stone Rock and Seven Brothers Mountain. This mountain owes its name either to Ermak or to the persecuted Old Believers. According to legend, Ermak turned seven sorcerers who prevented him from conquering Siberia into stone idols. The second legend says that during Soviet times a raid was announced on Old Believers hiding in the Ural forests. Seven of them, in an attempt to escape persecution, fled to the mountains, where they were chained to stone by fear.
True, in order to admire the legendary beauty, you will have to overcome many difficulties: you can get into the city only through the forest near the village of Belorechka.
Peaceful. "City of Strollers"
The military town in the Arkhangelsk region became closed only in 1966 thanks to the Plesetsk test cosmodrome. Residents of a well-maintained and comfortable city were lucky - they could breathe freely and not feel imprisoned. Mirny was not fenced with barbed wire, and document checks were carried out only on travel roads. The city never paid for its openness, except that unexpected mushroom pickers and illegal immigrants came running to buy scarce goods.
It is interesting that Mirny received the name “city of strollers” due to the fact that graduates of military academies sought to quickly start a family and children in this prosperous place in order to settle for a long time.
Chelyabinsk-65 (now Ozersk)
Despite all the privileges, life in some closed cities was a great risk due to the close proximity of dangerous objects. In 1957, in Chelyabinsk-65, the secrecy of which is due to the enterprise for the production of radioactive isotopes, there was a large leak of radioactive waste, which endangered the lives of 270 thousand people.
At the Mayak production association, where a plutonium charge for atomic bombs was created for the first time in the USSR, one of the containers in which high-level waste was stored exploded. After the explosion, a column of smoke and dust rose up to a kilometer high. The dust shimmered orange-red and settled on buildings and people.
The radiation accident in the Urals posed a number of completely new tasks for science and practice: it was necessary to develop measures for radiation protection of the population. The specialists of this enterprise underwent a strict multi-stage selection process, and if they successfully arrived at the secret facility, they could not even correspond with their relatives for several years, let alone meet.
Today more than 85 thousand people live in Ozersk. The city still makes its contribution to the domestic industry: more than 750 enterprises operate on its territory.
Severomorsk
The city of Severomorsk, the former village of Vaenga, in the Murmansk region is a large Russian naval base, which is located on the shores of the Kola Bay in the Barents Sea. Construction of the naval base began in the mid-30s, and the city became closed after the collapse of the USSR, in 1996.
Fans of sailors and naval history will especially like it here: the giant North Sea sailor Alyosha on the main square, the monument to the torpedo boat TK-12, which sank four enemy ships during the Second World War, and the K-21 Submarine Museum.
In winter, from early December to mid-January, in Severomorsk, beyond the Arctic Circle, you can admire a real polar night. However, you should be wary of the local climate: it is not so easy to adapt to the icy wind and high humidity.
Snezhinsk - the birthplace of the hydrogen bomb
On the territory of the youngest closed city in the USSR, Snezhinsk, there is the Russian Nuclear Center - the Institute of Technical Physics named after E. I. Zababakhin.
The first visitor to the Snezhinsk nuclear center with the rank of Minister of Foreign Affairs was US Secretary of State Baker in 1992, and in 2000, Vladimir Putin made his first trip here as president.
The world's largest thermonuclear bomb, known as the "Kuzkina Mother" or "Tsar Bomba", was created in Snezhinsk. The Soviet superbomb was tested on October 30, 1961. "Kuzkina Mat" worked at an altitude of 4 kilometers above the ground, and the flash from the explosion amounted to 1% of the "power" of the sun. The blast wave circled the globe three times. The charge of the Tsar Bomba, to which a separate chapter of the Guinness Book of Records is dedicated, was 51.5 megatons. For comparison: the largest American hydrogen bomb, which wiped out Bikini Island from the face of the Earth in March 1954, had a yield of “only” 25 megatons.
Some believe that there is an underground city or even an underground metro in Snezhinsk. The most daring take digger underground walks, and for those who like a more traditional holiday, there is a sanatorium not far from the city where you can ski on the slopes of the Cherry Mountains, and in the summer - swim in the lakes and sunbathe.
The world is full of closed and secret places. Typically, such places are various bunkers, underground paths, buildings, etc. However, there are entire cities in the world that not everyone can get into. We have collected 6 of the most closed cities in the world and invite you to get to know them.
Sarov, Russia
In the USSR, the concept of a “closed city” was quite normal. For example, such cities at different times were Samara, Vladivostok and Nizhny Novgorod. However, after the collapse of the USSR, many previously closed cities lost this status. Today, the most closed and secret city is Sarov. You can only enter the city with a special pass. Sarov is surrounded by barbed wire, a trail road and surveillance cameras.
Pyongyang, North Korea
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It is impossible for journalists, Americans and South Koreans to get to Pyongyang. All other people can visit Pyongyang, but only if accompanied by a special group. In addition, the tourist will have to follow local rules and travel accompanied by a guide. The visa request should be made at least one and a half months before the visit.
Mecca and Medina, Saudi Arabia
The cities of Mecca and Medina in Saudi Arabia are closed to non-Muslims. Only you can get here if you are in a group of Muslim pilgrims. There is no concept of human rights within cities (in the European version we are familiar with). In themselves, the cities of Mecca and Medina are very beautiful cities, but it is simply impossible to get here as an ordinary tourist.
The city of Mecca is holy because the main shrine, the Kaaba, is located here. It is a large cube and is the center of Islam. And in the city of Medina, the prophet Muhammad himself lived and died.
Mogadishu, Somalia
On the World Policy Journal's list of the world's most closed countries, Somalia ranks second, just behind North Korea. The most closed and dangerous city in Somalia is Magadisho. There has been a civil war here for more than 2 decades and the city authorities cannot take control of the situation.
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Books
- City of Exiles, Beglova Natalya Spartakovna. The genre of the novel "City of Exiles" can be defined as a "romantic detective story for the curious." The action takes place within the walls of the UN Geneva office, which allows the author not only to captivate...
- City of Exiles, Beglova Natalya Spartakovna. The genre of the novel 171;City of Exiles 187;can be defined as 171;a romantic detective story for the curious 187;. The action takes place within the walls of the UN Geneva office, which allows...
), the head of the Uraloved Project, which talks about the “closed cities” of the Ural region (http://uraloved.ru/mesta/ural/zakrytye-goroda-urala). I will use his article to talk about this side of the modern development of the region.
Closed administrative-territorial entities (CLATEs) began to appear in our country during the work on the creation of nuclear weapons in 1946-1953. In Soviet times they were strictly classified. They did not exist on the maps, they could not be talked about (residents signed a non-disclosure agreement). Letters for residents of ZATO came to the mailbox. For secrecy, closed cities were considered microdistricts of regional centers (called, for example, Chelyabinsk-40, Sverdlovsk-45). The perimeter of such settlements is surrounded by fences with barbed wire and security; you can only get inside through a checkpoint.
In Soviet times, residents of prohibitions lived quite freely. They did not have such a shortage as in the country as a whole. But if something happened, problems arose with the security forces.
The list of closed cities became known after the collapse of the USSR; it was approved by a separate law adopted in 1992 and changed several times. At the same time, “mailboxes” got their own names.
Now closed cities have appeared on maps, but you can still get into them only with passes. Most residents of ZATO like to live behind barbed wire and every time they get home through security posts, after an inspection. The advantages include the absence of strangers and a low crime rate.
Russian ZATOs have different departmental affiliations: some belong to Rosatom, others to the Ministry of Defense, and others to Roscosmos.
There are currently 44 closed cities in Russia.
According to statistics, almost every hundredth resident of Russia lives in ZATO (ZATO does not include ordinary military towns).
Now about each closed city of the Urals in more detail.
Closed cities of the Sverdlovsk region
Lesnoy (Sverdlovsk-45)
Year of foundation - 1947.
The population is 50 thousand people.
Specialization - disposal, assembly of nuclear weapons, production of stable isotopes. Reports to Rosatom.
It was created as plant No. 418 (or base No. 9) for electromagnetic separation of isotopes. Built by Gulag prisoners. Began work in 1950. In 1951, construction began here of the second plant in the USSR for the serial production of atomic bombs with a capacity of 60 units per year (plant No. 418).
It received its modern name (the city of Lesnoy) in 1994. Now the main plant of Lesnoy is called the Elektrokhimpribor plant. The ZATO of the Sverdlovsk region is most strictly guarded: several nearby fences, towers with guards, seriously equipped checkpoints.
http://www.gorodlesnoy.ru/
Novouralsk (Sverdlovsk-44)
Year of foundation: 1941.
The population is 83 thousand people.
Specialization - separation production of uranium isotopes. Reports to Rosatom.
It began in 1941 with a light alloy plant. In 1946, construction began on “Combine No. 813” for the production of highly enriched uranium. The highly enriched uranium produced here was used to create the first Soviet uranium atomic bomb. Now the leading enterprise of the closed city is called the Ural Electrochemical Plant.
Rosatom is considering the issue of opening the city of Novouralsk.
Website of administrative education - http://www.novouralsk-adm.ru/
Svobodny settlement (Nizhny Tagil-39)
Year of foundation: 1960.
The population is 8 thousand people.
The 42nd Tagil Missile Division of the Strategic Missile Forces is located here.
Website of administrative education - http://www.svobod.ru/
Uralsky village (Kosulino-1)
Year of foundation: 1960.
The population is 2.4 thousand people.
The 21st Arsenal is located here. The modern name was given in 1994.
Website of administrative education - http://zato-uralsky.gossaas.ru/article/show/id/81
Closed cities of the Chelyabinsk region
Ozersk (Chelyabinsk-65, formerly Chelyabinsk-40)
Year of foundation - 1945.
The population is 80.5 thousand people.
Specialization - storage and reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel, production and processing of nuclear materials for military purposes. Reports to Rosatom.
Ozersk is considered the firstborn of the country's nuclear industry, since the plutonium charge for the atomic bomb was created here. Created by I.V. Kurchatov. The enterprise is PA "Mayak".
On September 29, 1957, a tank containing high-level waste exploded at the Mayak plant. As a result, a large area became contaminated, which became known as the East Ural radioactive trace.
The modern name was given for the abundance around the lakes in 1994.
Website of administrative education - http://www.ozerskadm.ru/
Snezhinsk (Chelyabinsk-50, Chelyabinsk-70)
Year of foundation - 1957. 
The population is 49 thousand people.
Specialization - development of nuclear weapons. Reports to Rosatom.
Of all ten cities of Rosatom, Snezhinsk, thanks to its lakes and picturesque views, is considered the most beautiful.
The enterprise “Russian Federal Nuclear Center - All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Technical Physics named after Academician E.I.” operates here. Zababakhina"
Website of administrative education - http://www.snzadm.ru/
Trekhgorny (Zlatoust-20, Zlatoust-36)
Year of foundation: 1952.
The population is 33 thousand people.
Specialization - development of devices and systems for nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons. Reports to Rosatom.
It originated in 1952 from Plant No. 933 for the production of atomic bombs. The first aviation atomic bombs were produced here in 1955. Now this enterprise “Instrument-Making Plant” produces instruments for nuclear power plants.
In 1993, Zlatoust-36 was named the city of Trekhgorny.
Administrative education website - http://admintrg.ru/
Settlement Lokomotivny (formerly Solnechny, Kartaly-6)
Year of foundation - 1965. 
The population is 8.5 thousand people.
The 59th Karta Division of the Strategic Missile Forces, disbanded in 2005, was located here. The current name of the village was given in 1992.
Administrative education website - http://zato-lokomotivny.ru/
Closed cities of the Perm region
Village Zvezdny (Perm-76)
Year of foundation - 1961.
The population is 9 thousand people.
The 52nd Tarnopol-Berlin missile division of the Strategic Missile Forces, created on the basis of the Bershet military camp, was located here. Belongs to the Ministry of Defense.
On December 2, 2002, the 52nd Missile Division was reduced, and on its basis, the 1328th base for reloading and storing elements of the BZHRK (combat railway missile systems) of the Strategic Missile Forces was created. There is a division museum. Now the village has been opened.
Administrative education website (temporarily unavailable) -
