Russian folk tales are a fundamental element of the folk art of our ancestors. In these stories, we come across unforgettable adventures of heroes, with descriptions of their everyday life, including life and work, with fantastic creatures and mystical phenomena. Children's are our first encounters with good and evil, with joy and sadness, with laughter and enthusiasm, and even with fear. We have known their heroes since childhood, and love for them does not pass throughout our lives, continuing to touch and surprise even in adulthood. More than once we are faced with the fact that after reading a Russian folk tale to a child, we always find something new and instructive for ourselves. At all times, fairy tales have inspired creative people to stage children's performances, paint pictures, and create true masterpieces of cinematography.
Fairy tale composition:
Usually Russian folk tales for children have a clear composition. The standard composition of a fairy tale includes the beginning, that is, what kind of beginning the fairy tale has. It can be “In a certain kingdom, in a certain state ...” and “Once upon a time ...” and other options that already from the first words set us up in a fabulous mood. Next comes the main part of the fairy tale, in which all the events of the fairy tale plot take place, and the fairy tale usually ends in a special way. There are a lot of options for ending the tale, the most familiar of them are:
- They began to live - live and make good
- And I was there, drinking beer honey ...
- They made a feast for the whole world ...
Features of Russian folk tales:
Remember only the phrases that we even then involuntarily use in our lives: go where your eyes look; soon the fairy tale is told, but not soon the deed is done ... And what poetry gives fairy tales a simple movement of the adjective after the predicate, like a song then a fairy tale is read, in one breath: the sun is red, the beauty is written ...
The features of Russian folk tales, of course, are also in their writing, in the abbreviation of words. After all, starting to read a fairy tale, we immediately understand that this fairy tale is Russian. With just one word. What is unhappy, hanging his head violently?
And the children with their affectionate names? This is a cockerel and the sun and a brother and sister and many others. Due to such writing, these fairy tales are so loved by our kids, when mom reads them, they are so affectionate and kind.
They say that now is the age of high technology and new progressive media, but can you imagine not reading a single fairy tale to your child? It seems impossible, even a little stupid and ridiculous. Fairy tales have entered our lives so long and so firmly that we can only rejoice at their huge number and choose our favorite ones to read to their children.
What a fairy tale! Meanwhile, this folklore genre is divided into several more groups, one of which contains proverbs and tiresome tales. This is comic folklore for children. A fairy tale is not for the sake of a fairy tale, but for the sake of fun. Short, without the main action and completion, these works of folk art are created to amuse, confuse the little listener. An unexpected deception is revealed after the first two lines of the tale, numerous repetitions, and now the children have a cry of discontent or a cheerful laugh. Yep, blew it!
Boring Tales
Boring tales can be put on the same level as nursery rhymes and jokes. With these short fairy tales, according to V. Propp, the narrator wanted to calm the children who endlessly asked to tell fairy tales. And unsurprisingly boring tales are short and at the same time endless: "... start reading from the beginning ...".
Often this is a funny short story that wipes away the tears of resentment in the eyes of the child from the fact that they don’t want to tell him a fairy tale. Children quickly memorize boring tales and repeat them with pleasure.
In some kingdom
In some state
Once upon a time there was a king, the king had a garden,
There was a pond in the garden, there was cancer in the ponds...
Whoever listened is an idiot.
Do you want a fox story? She is in the forest.
It's summer outside, under the window is a shop,
In the dace shop - the end of the fairy tale!
Once upon a time there was an old man, the old man had a well, and in that well there was a dace; here is the end of the story.
There was a king Dodon.
He built a bone house.
Scored from all over the kingdom of bones.
They began to wet - soaked,
They began to dry - the bones dried up.
Wet again.
And when they get wet - then I'll tell you!
There was a king, the king had a court,
There was a stake in the yard, a bast on the stake;
not to tell the tale first?
The crucian swam and swam near the dam ...
My story has already begun.
The crucian swam and swam at the dam ...
The story is half told.
I would have caught you by the tail of a carp ...
Yes, it's a pity that the whole story has been told
I'll tell you a fairy tale about a white bull... That's the whole fairy tale!
- Tell!
You say: tell me, I say: tell me...
- Shall I tell you a boring tale?
-No need.
You say don't, I say don't...
- Shall I tell you a boring tale? (and so on)
Tell a story about a goose?
- Tell.
- And she's already gone.
Tell a story about a duck?
- Tell.
- And she went to the booth.
Sayings
Saying- she is a fable among the people, a saying - is repeated in many fairy tales, and follows before the beginning of the main narrative. Often the saying is not connected with the main text of the tale. She, as it were, anticipates, prepares the listeners, opens a window into the world of fairy-tale action. Russian proverb is easy to learn. These are 2-3 sentences repeated in many fairy tales. "They lived, were ...", etc.
Sometimes a folk saying becomes a household name, and at the same time it is located in the main narrative: "Sivka burka is a prophetic kaurka", "elbow-deep in gold, knee-deep in silver", "... turn to me in front, back to the forest."
Surprisingly, a saying can also be located at the end of a fairy tale. Then she completes the story and the child, listening or reading, understands that the plot of the story is invented "... and I was there, drinking beer honey ...", "... it flowed down his mustache, it didn’t get into his mouth ..". Often these last lines make the kids laugh: "... blue caftan, but it seemed to me to throw off the caftan ...". Sometimes the tale ends with a proverb and sums up or reveals the moral of the tale.
Sayings
The tale starts from the beginning, reads to the end, does not interrupt the middle.
Chur, do not interrupt my fairy tale; and whoever kills her will not live for three days (a snake will crawl into his throat).
On the ocean, on the island of Buyan.
This is a saying - not a fairy tale, a fairy tale will come.
Soon the fairy tale tells, but not soon the deed is done.
In a certain kingdom, in a certain state.
In the thirtieth kingdom.
For distant lands, in the thirtieth state.
Under the dark forests, under the walking clouds, under the frequent stars, under the red sun.
Sivka-burka, prophetic kaurka, stand in front of me like a leaf in front of grass!
A frying pan from the nostrils, steam (smoke) from the ears.
It breathes fire, it blazes with fire.
The tail covers the trail, lets valleys and mountains between the legs.
With a valiant whistle, a column of dust.
The horse beats with a hoof, gnaws at the bit.
Quieter than water, lower than grass. You can hear the grass growing.
It grows by leaps and bounds, like wheat dough on dough sour.
The moon was bright on the forehead, stars were frequent in the back of the head.
The horse is running, the earth is trembling, the frying pan is bursting from the ears, the smoke is pouring out of the nostrils (or: the frying pan from the nostrils, the smoke from the nostrils).
Elbow-deep in red gold, knee-deep in pure silver.
It is clothed with heaven, girded with dawns, fastened with stars.
The duck quacked, the shores tinkled, the sea shook, the water stirred.
Hut, hut on chicken legs, turn your back to the forest, your front to me!
Stand, white birch, behind me, and the red maiden is in front!
Stand before me like a leaf before grass!
Clear, clear in the sky, freeze, freeze, wolf tail.
Not in words (not in a fairy tale) to say, not to describe with a pen.
A word is not thrown out of a fairy tale (from a song).
Not for reality and a fairy tale chases.
The tit bird flew to distant lands, to si: the sea-okian, to the kingdom of thirty, to the distant state.
The shores are jelly, the rivers are satisfying (milk).
On a field-clearing, on a high mound.
In an open field, in a wide expanse, behind dark forests, behind green meadows, behind fast rivers, steep banks.
Under a bright moon, under white clouds, and frequent stars, etc.
On the sea, on the ocean, on an island on a buoy, there is a baked bull: crushed garlic in the back, cut it from one side, and eat it from the other.
On the sea, on the ocean, on the island on the buoy lies the white combustible stone alatyr.
Is it close, is it far, is it low, is it high.
Not a gray eagle, not a clear falcon rises ...
Not a white (gray) swan swam out ...
Not white snows in the open field turned white... |
The dense forests are not black, they turn black ...
What is not dust, the field rises ...
It’s not a gray-gray fog from the expanse that toils ...
He whistled, barked, with a valiant whistle, a heroic cry.
You will go to the right (along the road) - you will lose your horse; to the left you will go to live not to be.
Until now, the Russian spirit has never been heard of, has not been seen in sight, but now the Russian spirit is in the eye.
They took them for white hands, they sat them at white-oak tables, for tablecloths, for sugar dishes, for honey drinks.
Miracle Yudo, Mosalskaya lip.
To get dead and living water.
Baba Yaga, a bone leg, rides in a mortar, rests with a pestle, sweeps the trail with a broom.
I was there, drinking beer; beer flowed down his mustache, but it didn’t get into his mouth.
They began to live to live, and now they live, they chew bread.
They began to live to live, to gain mind, and dashing to get rid of.
I myself was there, I drank honey and beer, it flowed down my mustache, it didn’t hit, my soul became drunk and satisfying.
Here's a fairy tale for you, and I knit bagels.
Once upon a time there was a king of oats, he took away all the fairy tales.
I was there, slurping an ear together, flowing down my mustache, but it didn’t get into my mouth.
He began to live in the old way, dashing not to know.
Beluzhins served - remained without supper.
He began to live and visit, to chew bread.
When it fills (doskachet, live), then I will say more, but for now there is no urine.
I was at that feast, I drank honey-wine, it flowed down my mustache, but it didn’t get into my mouth; here they treated me: they took away the pelvis from the bull and poured milk; then they gave a roll, helping in the same pelvis. I didn’t drink, I didn’t eat, I decided to wipe myself off, they began to fight with me; I put on a cap, they began to push in the neck!
I dined there. he drank honey, and what cabbage was - now the company is empty.
Here's a fairy tale for you, and a bunch of bagels for me.
Sayings and boring tales for children are very interesting. They not only occupy the child, but also allow you to train your memory, develop your imagination, but also make the world of childhood wider and more interesting.
?”, he, most likely, will call the phrase “Once upon a time…”. Indeed, this is the most common beginning of Russian folk. Someone else will definitely remember: "In a certain kingdom, in a certain state ..." or "In the thirtieth kingdom, in the thirtieth state ..." - and he will also be right.
Some tales begin with the usual word "once". And in others, as, for example, in “Three Kingdoms - copper, silver and gold”, the time is described as if more specifically, but still very vague, in a fairy-tale way: “In that old time, when the world was filled with goblin, witches and mermaids when the rivers flowed with milk, the banks were jelly, and fried partridges across the fields ... "
Russian folk everyday tales, more like anecdotes, do without traditional beginnings. For example, "One man had a grumpy wife ..." or "Two brothers lived in the same village."
Similar beginnings can be found not only in Russian folk tales, but also in fairy tales of other peoples.
What are all these sayings about? Everything is very simple. The listener or reader is immediately put into action, finds out with whom, where and at what time the fabulous events will take place. And waiting to continue. It is also important that these phrases are rhythmically constructed in such a way as to create a certain melodiousness.
Beginnings of author's fairy tales
A.S. Pushkin in "The Tale of the Golden Cockerel" brings together two fabulous beginnings at once:
“Nowhere, in the distant kingdom,
In the thirtieth state,
Once upon a time there was a glorious king Dadon.
Many fairy tales do not begin with traditional phrases. For example, the first line in Andersen's fairy tale "The Flint" is as follows: "A soldier was walking along the road: one or two! one or two!"
Or, for example, the beginning of the fairy tales of Astrid Lindgren: “In the city of Stockholm, on the most ordinary street, in the most ordinary house, the most ordinary Swedish Svanteson lives.” ("Baby and Carlson") "Thunder rumbled on the night that Roni was supposed to be born." ("Roni is the robber's daughter")
But even here it is possible that fairy tales begin either with the introduction of a hero, or with a designation of the place of action, or they speak of time.
It is very rare to find fairy tales, the beginning of which is devoted to lengthy descriptions. Usually the beginnings are quite dynamic.
For example, one of the most beloved Russian children's poets, Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky, without preface, immediately, as if on the run, introduces the reader into the midst of fairy-tale events. “The blanket ran away, the sheet flew away, and the pillow, like a frog, jumped away from me.” ("Moydodyr") "The sieve jumps through the fields, and the trough through the meadows." ("Fedorino grief")
A good beginning in a fairy tale is important. It determines the mood with which the listener or reader will plunge into the story.
Good afternoon, dear guests of the Russian Word blog (website)!
We have an old Russian custom in Russia - telling fairy tales.
And although fairy tales appeared a long time ago, the very word FAIRY TALE only came into use in the 17th century.
Until that time, they said “tale”, “fable” from the word “bait”, i.e. tell.
The fairy tale as a genre belongs to oral folk art.
The folk tale has no specific author. From time immemorial stories have been passed down by word of mouth. The new narrator was sure to add or change something in the story that he retold, embodying his dream of a happy life. Those who said fairy tale, conveyed to the audience their ideas about beauty, goodness, honesty, justice, thereby educating the most valuable human qualities in a person. Of course, only the best stories were passed down from person to person and from generation to generation, they stood out for their special amusement and were artistic perfection.
famous Russian writer Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy, hobbyist and collector folk tales, said:
“A fairy tale is a great spiritual culture of the people, which we collect bit by bit, and through a fairy tale, a thousand-year history of the people is revealed to us.”
Russian folk tales can be divided into three groups:
- fairy tales about animals ; in them, animals talk and behave like people: the wolf is stupid and greedy, the fox is cunning, the hare is cowardly.
- everyday fairy tales; the heroes of these tales are peasants, soldiers, tailors, shoemakers, they live in the real world and come into conflict, as a rule, with a gentleman, priest or general. And who wins? Of course, a simple man of the people!
- fairy tales; heroes of fairy tales face evil spirits or magic, they fight, save someone.
The composition of the story is simple:
1. Usually a fairy tale begins like this: “In a certain kingdom, in a certain state, they lived, they were ...”. This is called the beginning of a fairy tale.
2. The main part.
3. ENDING: “And they began to live, live and make good.”
As you know, many wonderful films and cartoons based on Russian folk tales have been shot.
And here, on the blog site, I suggest listening to Russian folk tales.
I really want it to sound, finally, beautiful RUSSIAN WORD right here and now!
Listening, determine: to which group does the fairy tale belong? Note the beginning and ending of the story. Which fairy tale did you like the most? What is your favorite fairy tale since childhood?
MY 10 FAVORITE FAIRIES
Fairy tale "Tops and roots"
Fairy tale "Geese-swans"
Fairy tale "Porridge from an ax"
