Is this original or fake? Does Kubrick's revelation confirm everything that was said here earlier about other things as well? Decide for yourself. Let's start a little further:
An excerpt from a conversation with one reptile:
Q: Why is there a "V" on all space agency logos?
O: What do you think?
Q: I think it has to do with some kind of general governing body.
A: This is not just a general governing body, it is a supranational structure. And who controls the states? We! And why would we let you out into real space? And there is no need! So we show you cartoons, and you believe (laughs)
Q: It's not just cartoons...
A: Of course, not all of them, but your pieces of iron do not go into outer space, everything remains under .
Q: Did we even fly to the moon?
A: They flew, but not in what they show you...
In this material, in addition to the very fact of the disclosure of falsification, I am personally interested in three points.
The first concerns the fact that it is made public right now. Guarantees of non-disclosure for a period of 15 years look rather strange. Why exactly 15 and not 25 or 50? And isn't this due to the fact that, according to the GCC, by this date such information would no longer have the slightest significance?
The second interesting point is related to the peculiarity of the biography of Kubrick, who soon after filming moved to Britain, where he was allegedly killed in 1999.
It is not the fact of the murder that is interesting, although the year 1999, when the planned collapse of Russia stalled, may be important. It is interesting that this is Britain, which is one of the main strongholds of the GTC. That is, perhaps long before today he planned the collapse of the myth of the greatness of the United States. Since the publication of this interview cannot be explained by anything other than the desire to humiliate the US country elite.
And, however, it's still nice that the skeletons are gradually starting to get out of the cabinets. I am sure that this is not the last exposure of significant falsifications of history.
And finally the last moment. Is it possible to be completely sure that this interview itself is not a fake? Most likely this is indeed genuine material, but it can still be a fake. But that doesn't really matter either. Apparently, at the global level, it is accepted to consider the flight to the moon as a fake, regardless of the truth. So, it is a fake that they will now begin to consider him. And in any case, this is a black mark on the US country elite.
Stanley Kubrick: "The moon landings were all fake and I was the person who filmed it"
A dying interview of the famous film director Stanley Kubrick has been published, in which he spoke in detail and in detail about the fact that all the landings on the moon were fabricated by NASA and how he filmed all the footage of American lunar expeditions on Earth ... Thus, in the long-term unprecedented lunar offer, the United States itself worldwide the recognized Hollywood master of directing put a bold and final point.
Interview published 15 years after death. Director T. Patrick Murray interviewed Stanley Kubrick three days before his death in March 1999. Previously, he was forced to sign an 88-page non-disclosure agreement (NDA) for the contents of the interview for 15 years from the date of Kubrick's death.
Here is a transcript of an interview with Stanley Kubrick (in English).
In 1971, Kubrick left the US for the UK and never returned to America. All his subsequent films were filmed only in England. For many years, the director led a reclusive life, fearing murder. According to the English newspaper "Sun", the director "was afraid of being killed by American intelligence agencies, following the example of other participants in the television supply of the US lunar scam."
The director died suddenly, allegedly of a heart attack, at the end of the editing period for Eyes Wide Shut, which starred Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman. It was Kidman who in July 2002, in an interview with the American newspaper The National Enquirer, reported that Kubrick had been killed. The director called her 2 hours before the official “sudden death” time and asked her not to come to Hertfordshire, where, as he put it, “we will all be poisoned so quickly that we won’t even have time to sneeze.” According to British journalists, the US National Security Agency first tried to kill Kubrick back in 1979.
The violent nature of Kubrick's death on March 7, 1999 at the English estate near Harpenden (Hertfordshire) later became the cause of his widow's revelations. In the summer of 2003, in an interview on French television, and later, on November 16, 2003, in the program “The Dark Side of the Moon” (CBC Newsworld), the widow of the director, German actress Christiane Kubrick (Christiane Susanne Harlan) made a public confession, the essence of which is as follows:
At a time when the USSR was already in full swing exploring space, US President Richard Nixon, inspired, according to the widow, by her husband's sci-fi epic film, which went down in history as one of the best masterpieces of Hollywood "2001: A Space Odyssey" (1968), urged the director, along with other Hollywood professionals, "to save the national honor and dignity of the United States." What the masters of the "dream factory" led by Kubrick did. The decision to falsify was made personally by the President of the United States.
Similar statements from the participants of the "project" were made before.
In particular, rocket engineer Bill Kaysing, who worked at Rocketdyne, the company that built rocket engines for the Apollo program, is the author of We Never Flew to the Moon. American deception worth $ 30 billion "(" We Never Went to the Moon: America "s Thirty Billion Dollar Swindle"), published in 1974 and co-authored with Randy Reid, also stated that under the guise of a live report on the landing of the lunar The NASA module distributed a fake filmed on Earth, which was filmed at a military training ground in the Nevada desert. and all the "lunar expeditions" filmed by Hollywood specialists took place.
There were even daredevils among the astronauts themselves. So, the American astronaut Brian O "Leary, answering a direct question, said that he "cannot give a 100% guarantee that Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin really went to the moon."
However, only now, after the direct confessions of Stanley Kubrick himself - the world-famous Hollywood director of directing, the American lunar offer has come to an end.
1. According to interviewer Patrick Murray, Kubrick gave the interview before his death under the promise of publishing it 15 years after his death and forced him to sign an 88-page non-disclosure agreement. There is a certain inconsistency here, since Kubrick died in 1999 and then, according to the idea, the interview should have appeared not in 2015, but in 2014, although it is possible that 2015 was registered in the NDA, but without seeing this document, if it exists, one can only guess about it.
2. The video itself has already been subjected to various analyzes on Western resources http://www.snopes.com/false-stanley-kubr ick-faked-moon-landings/ and the interviewer has already been accused of using editing in the video and this is not at all Kubrick, and some actor or person very similar to Kubrick. The late director's widow stated that Kubrick did not give this interview. It is quite clear that the authenticity of the record must be beyond doubt in order for this evidence to be accepted. The authentic nature of the tape could seriously undermine the official version of the moon flight due to the credibility of Kubrick's figure as one of the greatest American directors. On the other hand, the falsifications in this video can hit hard on the supporters of the theory that a man did not fly to the moon. While there is no complete certainty that the video is 100% authentic or 100% fake. The video can equally contain the pure truth, the manipulation of one of the supporters of the theory of not visiting the Moon, the hoax of Kubrick himself, who decided after his death to troll the whole world, or a "cunning plan" with the release of a conscious falsification, the exposure of which will hit conspiracy theorists. Therefore, I will say so carefully about this exposure.
3. Kubrick's involvement in the American space program associated with flights to the moon was written about earlier, as part of one of the theories about what exactly the Americans showed instead of landing on the moon and that Kubrick left "hints" in his films about his involvement in the project Apollo 11 .. It is possible that this video is simply the development of one of the offshoots of the conspiracy theory, which originates precisely from the USA, where soon after the official flight to the moon, voices began to multiply that there was no flight and this is all fake, which later and gave rise to a huge number of supporters of this version around the world, including in our country.
From previous posts on the topic:
Interplanetary canning jar. How could this be believed, and what else is fed to us under such a sauce?
And here is a whole film about how Stanley Kubrick shot "moon shots" commissioned by Nixon:
Stanley Kubrick's Odyssey - Lunar Conspiracy
The creators of the new autobiographical film "The Man in the Moon" decided not to include in it the scene with the hoisting of the American flag on the lunar surface, writes The Washington Times columnist Cheryl Chumley. This disregard for history sends the wrong signal, she says, that the US wants to abandon its achievements and national symbols.
A new autobiographical film about astronaut Neil Armstrong, Man in the Moon, is a slap in the face of American society. After all, in this motion picture will be absent " moment of triumph": Hoisting the US flag on the lunar surface, writes The Washington Times columnist Cheryl Chumley.
« This flag-raising was not just a canonical moment in US history. It was the day when the accomplishments of American greatness were put on display for the whole world to see and acknowledge.", - says the author of the article. Now, according to her, the filmmakers about the Apollo 11 mission are going to " blot out these patriotic times».
Gosling's attitude to this issue is understandable. He is Canadian. And, of course, he would like so that the achievements of America spread a little north", says the author of the article.
« But historically, removing the American flag from the very scene that screams "American exceptionalism" during the Cold War race with the evil Soviets,—means not only to offend those associated with this patriotic moment in time, but also practically to present a gift to today's Russia. This sends a signal that modern America not only wants to forget about the days of cool US-USSR relations, foreign tricks and spy mania, but also go even further and give up stupid pride in their national flag.', says Chumley.
However, according to her, any American conservative and supporter of Donald Trump will tell you that he does not intend to share the glory of his country with others. And that's why Man in the Moon and Gosling's statements look like " caricatured They pretend that pride and spirit don't matter.
Meanwhile, America is not just a territory. In many ways, this is a vivid ideal of what can be achieved if freedom is allowed to dominate society, the author of the article emphasizes.
« It was this America that allowed us to send the first man to the moon. This is the kind of America Aldrin and Armstrong proudly represented when they hoisted the US flag. A film that ignores this simple truth is not worth watching.”, concludes Cheryl Chumley.
source Washington Times USA North America tags- 03:00
Four people, including two minors, were killed in a collision between two cars in the Kemerovo region. This was reported in the regional department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
- 03:00
The official representative of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Maria Zakharova, said that the United States in foreign policy has returned to the protocol norms of the times of the "Wild West" and follows the principle of simplification, "putting its feet" on the table of world politics.
- 03:00
Anatoly Aksakov, head of the State Duma Committee on the Financial Market, spoke about the importance of the law on limiting the maximum amount of debt on consumer loans.
- 03:00
Chelsea forward Tammy Abraham is demanding a pay rise from his club.
- 03:00
The three-time winner of the Australian Open Grand Slam tournament in doubles Australian Todd Woodbridge called Russian Daniil Medvedev the favorite of the upcoming tournament in singles.
- 03:00
WhatsApp messenger will stop working on smartphones with older versions of iOS and Android operating systems from February 1, 2020.
- 03:00
The head of the Federation Council Committee on Foreign Affairs, Konstantin Kosachev, commented on RT the statement by the United States Ambassador to Poland, Georgette Mosbacher, that Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin were responsible for starting World War II.
- 03:00
World champion in pole vault Anzhelika Sidorova believes that the response of the All-Russian Athletic Federation to an open letter written to the organization by the athlete herself, as well as athletes Maria Lasitskene and Sergey Shubenkov, can hardly be called a reaction.
- 03:00
The chief designer of the Tu-160 strategic bomber Valentin Bliznyuk has died at the age of 91, the Tupolev press service reported.
- 03:00
Former Washington Capitals forward Andrei Nikolishin said that psychological pressure should not be a decisive factor in the final group stage match of the youth hockey world championship between the national teams of Russia and Germany.
- 03:00
Bronze medalist of the 2002 Olympic Games in Salt Lake City Andrey Nikolishin answered whether the influence of the legendary former striker Igor Larionov on the Russian youth hockey team is too great.
- 03:00
Russian athlete Sergei Shubenkov commented on the response of the All-Russian Athletics Federation (ARAF) to an open letter written by him, as well as athletes Maria Lasitskene and Anzhelika Sidorova.
- 03:00
Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev commented on the end of negotiations between Ukraine and Russia on gas transit.
- 03:00
Pittsburgh Penguins head coach Mike Sullivan commented on the game of Russian forward Evgeni Malkin in the National Hockey League (NHL) regular season match with the Ottawa Senators (5:2).
- 03:00
The official representative of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Maria Zakharova, believes that the Swedish 16-year-old schoolgirl Greta Thunberg is primarily a child.
- 03:00
Bronze medalist of the 2002 Olympic Games in Salt Lake City Andrey Nikolishin called the game in the majority the main problem of the Russian youth hockey team at the world championship in the Czech Republic.
- 03:00
Former Washington Capitals forward Andrey Nikolishin expressed the opinion that the goalkeeper of the Russian national hockey team Amir Miftakhov is to blame for only one missed puck in the match with the US national team at the World Youth Championship in the Czech Republic.
- 03:00
A court in the Stavropol Territory sentenced a college student who attacked three minors with acid in the summer of 2017 to five years in prison.
- 03:00
Russian tennis player Vera Zvonareva will not take part in the Australian Open Grand Slam due to injury.
- 03:00
Journalist Vaughn Smith told RT about a phone call from his friend, WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange, who is currently in prison in the UK.
- 03:00
Sergei Tsekov, a member of the Federation Council Committee on International Affairs, commented in an interview with RT on the signing by Moscow and Kiev of a package agreement that will allow gas transit through Ukrainian territory to continue after January 1, 2020.
- 03:00
The well-known figure skating coach Rafael Harutyunyan shared his opinion on why there are many athletes in the group of Eteri Tutberidze who can do quadruple jumps.
- 03:00
A plane flying to Moscow made an emergency landing at the Koltsovo airport in Yekaterinburg, Interfax reports.
- 03:00
Olympic bronze medalist Andrey Nikolishin said that the defeat of the Russian national hockey team from the US national team at the World Youth Championship in the Czech Republic was not due to fatigue.
- 03:00
Bronze medalist of the Olympic Games Andrey Nikolishin commented on the defeat of the Russian national hockey team from the US national team at the World Youth Championship in the Czech Republic.
- 03:00
Forward of the Russian national team Nikita Rtishchev shared his expectations from the World Youth Championship match with the German team.
- 03:00
The silver medalist of the 2002 Olympics, choreographer Ilya Averbukh, congratulated two-time world figure skating champion Evgenia Medvedeva on her debut in his ice show The Wizard of Oz.
- 03:00
Prime Minister of Ukraine Oleksiy Honcharuk said that by 2023 the Ukrainian energy system should finally separate from the Russian-Belarusian one and become part of the European one.
- 03:00
Russian forward "New York Rangers" Artemy Panarin received an invitation to take part in the All-Star Game of the National Hockey League (NHL).
- 03:00
As part of the regular season of the National Hockey League (NHL), the Pittsburgh Penguins defeated the Ottawa Senators.
- 03:00
The chief specialist of the Phobos weather center, Yevgeny Tishkovets, said that snow will remain in Moscow on New Year's Eve.
- 03:00
The Department of Health of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug said that four people were hospitalized in the Surgut Trauma Hospital after a bus collided with a cargo trawl.
- 03:00
The price of Brent crude oil is rising. This is evidenced by trading data.
- 03:00
An earthquake with a magnitude of 5.5 was registered in the east of the Kamchatka Peninsula, Interfax was told in the Kamchatka branch of the Unified Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
- 03:00
State Duma Deputy Vitaly Milonov suggested that the head of the traffic police, Mikhail Chernikov, punish drivers who provoke the formation of traffic jams.
The moon is a good place. Definitely deserves a short visit.
Neil Armstrong
Almost half a century has passed since the flights of the Apollo spacecraft, but the debate about whether the Americans were on the moon does not subside, but becomes more and more fierce. The piquancy of the situation is that the supporters of the "lunar conspiracy" theory are trying to challenge not real historical events, but their own, vague and error-ridden idea of them.
Lunar epic
Facts first. On May 25, 1961, six weeks after Yuri Gagarin's triumphant flight, President John F. Kennedy delivered a speech to the Senate and House of Representatives in which he promised that before the end of the decade, an American would land on the moon. Having suffered a defeat at the first stage of the space "race", the United States set out not only to catch up, but also to overtake the Soviet Union.
The main reason for the backlog at that time was that the Americans underestimated the importance of heavy ballistic missiles. Like their Soviet colleagues, American specialists studied the experience of German engineers who built A-4 (V-2) missiles during the war, but did not give these projects serious development, believing that long-range bombers would be enough in a global war. Of course, the Wernher von Braun team, taken out of Germany, continued to create ballistic missiles in the interests of the army, but they were unsuitable for space flights. When the Redstone rocket, the successor to the German A-4s, was modified to launch the first American spacecraft, the Mercury, it could only lift it to suborbital altitude.
Nevertheless, resources were found in the United States, so American designers quickly created the necessary “line” of carriers: from Titan-2, which launched the two-seat Gemini maneuvering ship, to Saturn-5, capable of sending the three-seat Apollo spacecraft » to the moon.
redstone 
Saturn-1B 
Saturn-5 
Titan-2
Of course, before sending expeditions, it was necessary to carry out colossal work. Spacecraft of the Lunar Orbiter series carried out detailed mapping of the nearest celestial body - with their help, it was possible to identify and study suitable landing sites. The Surveyor series landers made soft landings and transmitted beautiful images of the surrounding area.
The Lunar Orbiter spacecraft carefully mapped the moon, determining the places of future landings of astronauts
The Surveyor spacecraft studied the Moon directly on its surface; parts of the Surveyor-3 apparatus were taken and delivered to Earth by the crew of Apollo 12
In parallel, the Gemini program developed. After unmanned launches, on March 23, 1965, the Gemini 3 spacecraft was launched, which maneuvered, changing the speed and inclination of the orbit, which at that time was an unprecedented achievement. Soon the Gemini 4 flew, on which Edward White made the first spacewalk for Americans. The ship worked in orbit for four days, testing orientation systems for the Apollo program. On Gemini 5, which launched on August 21, 1965, electrochemical generators and a radar designed for docking were tested. In addition, the crew set a record for the duration of their stay in space - almost eight days (the Soviet cosmonauts managed to break it only in June 1970). By the way, during the flight of "Gemini-5" the Americans for the first time encountered the negative consequences of weightlessness - the weakening of the musculoskeletal system. Therefore, measures were developed to prevent such effects: a special diet, drug therapy and a series of physical exercises.
In December 1965, the Gemini 6 and Gemini 7 ships approached each other, simulating a docking. Moreover, the crew of the second ship spent more than thirteen days in orbit (that is, the total time of the lunar expedition), proving that the measures taken to maintain physical fitness are quite effective during such a long flight. On the Gemini-8, Gemini-9 and Gemini-10 ships, they practiced the docking procedure (by the way, Neil Armstrong was the commander of the Gemini-8). On Gemini 11 in September 1966, they tested the possibility of an emergency launch from the Moon, as well as a flight through the Earth's radiation belts (the ship rose to a record height of 1369 km). On Gemini 12, the astronauts tried out a series of manipulations in outer space.
During the flight of the Gemini 12, astronaut Buzz Aldrin proved the possibility of complex manipulations in outer space.
At the same time, the designers were preparing for testing the "intermediate" two-stage Saturn-1 rocket. During her first launch on October 27, 1961, she surpassed in thrust the Vostok rocket, on which Soviet cosmonauts flew. It was assumed that the same rocket would launch the first Apollo 1 spacecraft into space, but on January 27, 1967, a fire broke out at the launch complex, in which the crew of the ship died, and many plans had to be revised.
In November 1967, tests began on the huge three-stage Saturn-5 rocket. During the first flight, she lifted the command and service module of Apollo 4 into orbit with a mock-up of the lunar module. In January 1968, the Apollo 5 lunar module was tested in orbit, and the unmanned Apollo 6 went there in April. The last launch due to a failure of the second stage almost ended in disaster, but the rocket pulled the ship out, demonstrating good "survivability".
On October 11, 1968, the Saturn-1B rocket launched the command and service module of the Apollo 7 spacecraft with the crew into orbit. For ten days, the astronauts tested the ship, carrying out complex maneuvers. Theoretically, "Apollo" was ready for the expedition, but the lunar module was still "raw". And then a mission was invented that was not originally planned at all - a flight around the moon.
The flight of the Apollo 8 spacecraft was not planned by NASA: it was an improvisation, but it was carried out brilliantly, securing another historic priority for American space exploration.
On December 21, 1968, the Apollo 8 spacecraft, without a lunar module, but with a crew of three astronauts, set off for a nearby celestial body. The flight went relatively smoothly, but two more launches were needed before the historic landing on the Moon: the Apollo 9 crew worked out the procedure for docking and undocking the spacecraft modules in near-Earth orbit, then the Apollo 10 crew did the same, but already close to the Moon . On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Edwin (Buzz) Aldrin set foot on the moon, proclaiming US leadership in space exploration.
The crew of the Apollo 10 spacecraft held a "dress rehearsal", completing all the operations necessary for landing on the moon, but without landing itself
The lunar module of the Apollo 11 spacecraft, named "Eagle" ("Eagle") goes to land
Astronaut Buzz Aldrin on the Moon
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin's moon landing was broadcast via the Parkes Observatory radio telescope in Australia; the original records of the historical event were also preserved and recently discovered there
Then new successful missions followed: Apollo 12, Apollo 14, Apollo 15, Apollo 16, Apollo 17. As a result, twelve astronauts visited the Moon, conducted reconnaissance of the area, installed scientific equipment, collected soil samples, and tested rovers. Only the crew of Apollo 13 was unlucky: on the way to the Moon, a tank of liquid oxygen exploded, and NASA specialists had to work hard to return the astronauts to Earth.
Theory of falsification
Devices for creating an artificial sodium comet were installed on the Luna-1 spacecraft
It would seem that the reality of expeditions to the moon should not be in doubt. NASA regularly published press releases and bulletins, specialists and astronauts gave numerous interviews, many countries and the world scientific community participated in the technical support, tens of thousands of people watched huge rockets take off, and millions watched live TV broadcasts from space. Lunar soil was brought to Earth, which many selenologists were able to study. International scientific conferences were held to understand the data that came from the instruments left on the moon.
But even in that eventful time, there were people who questioned the facts of landing astronauts on the moon. The skepticism towards space achievements appeared as early as 1959, and the probable reason for this was the policy of secrecy pursued by the Soviet Union: for decades it even concealed the location of its cosmodrome!
Therefore, when Soviet scientists announced that they had launched the Luna-1 research apparatus, some Western experts spoke in the spirit that the communists were simply fooling the world community. Experts foresaw the questions and placed a device for evaporating sodium on Luna-1, with the help of which an artificial comet was created, with a brightness equal to the sixth magnitude.
Conspiracy theorists even dispute the reality of Yuri Gagarin's flight
Claims also arose later: for example, some Western journalists questioned the reality of Yuri Gagarin's flight, because the Soviet Union refused to provide any documentary evidence. There was no camera on board the Vostok ship, the appearance of the ship itself and the launch vehicle remained classified.
But the US authorities have never expressed doubts about the reliability of what happened: even during the flight of the first satellites, the National Security Agency (NSA) deployed two observation stations in Alaska and Hawaii and installed radio equipment there capable of intercepting telemetry that came from Soviet devices. During Gagarin's flight, the stations were able to receive a television signal with the image of the astronaut transmitted by the onboard camera. Within an hour, printouts of individual frames from this broadcast were in the hands of government officials, and President John F. Kennedy congratulated the Soviet people on their outstanding achievement.
Soviet military specialists working at the Scientific and Measuring Station No. 10 (NIP-10), located in the village of Shkolnoye near Simferopol, intercepted data from the Apollo spacecraft during the entire flight to the moon and back
The Soviet intelligence did the same. At the NIP-10 station, located in the village of Shkolnoye (Simferopol, Crimea), a set of equipment was assembled that allows intercepting all information from the Apollos, including live TV broadcasts from the Moon. Aleksey Mikhailovich Gorin, head of the interception project, gave an exclusive interview to the author of this article, in which, in particular, he said: “A standard system of drives in azimuth and elevation was used to point and control a very narrow beam. Based on information about the place (Cape Canaveral) and the launch time, the flight path of the spacecraft was calculated in all areas.
It should be noted that during about three days of flight, only occasionally did the beam pointing deviate from the calculated trajectory, which was easily corrected manually. We started with Apollo 10, which made a test flight around the moon without landing. This was followed by flights with the landing of the Apollo from the 11th to the 15th ... They took quite clear images of the spacecraft on the Moon, the exit of both astronauts from it and travel on the surface of the Moon. Video from the Moon, speech and telemetry were recorded on appropriate tape recorders and transferred to Moscow for processing and translation.
In addition to data interception, Soviet intelligence also collected any information on the Saturn-Apollo program, as it could be used for the USSR's own lunar plans. For example, scouts monitored missile launches from the Atlantic Ocean. Moreover, when preparations began for the joint flight of the Soyuz-19 and Apollo CSM-111 spacecraft (ASTP mission), which took place in July 1975, Soviet specialists were admitted to official information on the ship and rocket. And, as you know, no claims were made against the American side.
The claims came from the Americans themselves. In 1970, that is, even before the completion of the lunar program, a pamphlet by a certain James Cryney "Has a man landed on the moon?" (Did man land on the Moon?). The public ignored the pamphlet, although it was perhaps the first to formulate the main thesis of the "conspiracy theory": an expedition to the nearest celestial body is technically impossible.
Technical writer Bill Kaysing can rightfully be called the founder of the "lunar conspiracy" theory.
The topic began to gain popularity a little later, after the release of Bill Kaysing's self-published book We Never Went to the Moon (1976), which outlined the now "traditional" arguments in favor of conspiracy theory. For example, the author seriously claimed that all the deaths of the participants in the Saturn-Apollo program were associated with the elimination of unwanted witnesses. It must be said that Kaysing is the only one of the authors of books on this topic who was directly related to the space program: from 1956 to 1963 he worked as a technical writer for the Rocketdyne company, which was just designing the super-powerful F-1 engine for the rocket " Saturn-5".
However, after being fired "of his own free will," Kaysing became a beggar, grabbed any job, and probably did not have warm feelings for his former employers. In a book that was reprinted in 1981 and 2002, he claimed that the Saturn V rocket was a "technical fake" and could never send astronauts on an interplanetary flight, so in reality the Apollos flew around the Earth, and television broadcasts were using unmanned aerial vehicles.
Ralph Rene made a name for himself by accusing the US government of rigging the moon landings and orchestrating the September 11, 2001 attacks.
The creation of Bill Kaysing was also initially ignored. The fame was brought to him by the American conspiracy theorist Ralph Rene, who pretended to be a scientist, physicist, inventor, engineer and science journalist, but in reality did not graduate from any higher educational institution. Like his predecessors, Rene published the book How NASA Showed America the Moon (NASA Mooned America!, 1992) at his own expense, but at the same time he could already refer to other people's "studies", that is, he looked not like a lone psycho, but like a skeptic in searching for truth.
Probably, the book, the lion's share of which is devoted to the analysis of certain photographs taken by astronauts, would also have gone unnoticed if the era of TV shows had not come, when it became fashionable to invite all kinds of freaks and outcasts to the studio. Ralph Rene managed to make the most of the sudden interest of the public, since he had a well-spoken tongue and did not hesitate to make absurd accusations (for example, he claimed that NASA deliberately damaged his computer and destroyed important files). His book was repeatedly reprinted, and each time increasing in volume.
Among the documentaries devoted to the theory of the “lunar conspiracy”, outright hoaxes come across: for example, the pseudo-documentary French film “The Dark Side of the Moon” (Opération lune, 2002)
The theme itself was also asking for a film adaptation, and soon there were films with a claim to documentary: “Was it just a paper moon?” (Was It Only a Paper Moon?, 1997), What Happened on the Moon? (What Happened on the Moon?, 2000), A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Moon, 2001, Astronauts Gone Wild: Investigation Into the Authenticity of the Moon Landings, 2004) and the like. By the way, the author of the last two films, film director Bart Sibrel, twice molested Buzz Aldrin with aggressive demands to confess to deception and in the end received a blow in the face from an elderly astronaut. A video of this incident can be found on YouTube. The police, by the way, refused to start a case against Aldrin. Apparently, she thought that the video was faked.
In the 1970s, NASA tried to cooperate with the authors of the "lunar conspiracy" theory and even issued a press release debriefing Bill Kaysing's claims. However, it soon became clear that they did not want a dialogue, but they were happy to use any mention of their fabrications for self-promotion: for example, Kaysing sued astronaut Jim Lovell in 1996 for calling him a “fool” in an interview.
However, what else to call people who believed in the authenticity of the film "The Dark Side of the Moon" (Opération lune, 2002), where the famous director Stanley Kubrick was directly accused of filming all the astronaut landings on the moon in the Hollywood pavilion? Even in the film itself, there are indications that it is fiction in the mockumentary genre, but this did not stop conspiracy theorists from accepting the version with a bang and quoting it even after the creators of the hoax openly admitted to hooliganism. By the way, another “evidence” of the same degree of reliability recently appeared: this time, an interview surfaced with a person similar to Stanley Kubrick, where he allegedly took responsibility for falsifying the materials of lunar missions. The new fake was exposed quickly - it was made too clumsily.
Hiding operation
In 2007, science journalist and popularizer Richard Hoagland co-authored the book Dark Mission with Michael Bara. The Secret History of NASA (Dark Mission: The Secret History of NASA), which immediately became a bestseller. In this hefty volume, Hoagland summarized his research on the “cover-up operation” - it is supposedly carried out by US government agencies, hiding from the world community the fact of contact with a more developed civilization that mastered the solar system long before mankind.
Within the framework of the new theory, the “lunar conspiracy” is considered as a product of the activities of NASA itself, which deliberately provokes an illiterate discussion of the falsification of the moon landings so that qualified researchers disdain to deal with this topic for fear of being branded as “outcasts”. Under his theory, Hoagland deftly adjusted all modern conspiracy theories, from the assassination of President John F. Kennedy to "flying saucers" and the Martian "sphinx". For his vigorous activity to expose the "cover-up operation", the journalist was even awarded the Ig Nobel Prize, which he received in October 1997.
Believers and non-believers
Supporters of the "lunar conspiracy" theory, or, more simply, "anti-Apollo" are very fond of accusing their opponents of illiteracy, ignorance, or even blind faith. A strange move, given that it is the “anti-Apollo” people who believe in a theory that is not supported by any significant evidence. There is a golden rule in science and jurisprudence: an extraordinary claim requires extraordinary evidence. The attempt to accuse the space agencies and the world's scientific community of falsifying materials that are of great importance to our understanding of the universe must be accompanied by something more significant than a couple of self-published books produced by a resentful writer and narcissistic pseudoscientist.
All the many hours of footage of the Apollo lunar expeditions have long been digitized and are available for study.
If we imagine for a moment that in the United States there was a secret parallel space program using unmanned vehicles, then we need to explain where all the participants in this program have gone: the designers of the “parallel” technology, its testers and operators, as well as the filmmakers who prepared kilometers of films of lunar missions. We are talking about thousands (or even tens of thousands) of people who needed to be attracted to the “lunar conspiracy”. Where are they and where are their confessions? Suppose they all, including foreigners, swore to remain silent. But there should be piles of documents, contracts, orders with contractors, relevant structures and landfills. However, apart from nit-picking some NASA public materials, which are indeed often retouched or presented in a deliberately simplified interpretation, there is nothing. Nothing at all.
However, the “anti-Apollonists” never think about such “little things” and insistently (often in an aggressive form) demand more and more evidence from the opposite side. The paradox is that if, by asking "tricky" questions, they themselves tried to find answers to them, then this would not be a big deal. Let's take a look at some of the more common claims.
During the preparation and implementation of the joint flight of the Soyuz and Apollo spacecraft, Soviet specialists were admitted to the official information of the American space program
For example, "anti-Apollo" people ask: why was the Saturn-Apollo program interrupted, and its technologies were lost and cannot be used today? The answer is obvious to anyone who has even a general idea of what was going on in the early 1970s. It was then that one of the most powerful political and economic crises in US history occurred: the dollar lost its gold content and was devalued twice; the protracted Vietnam War was draining resources; youth embraced the anti-war movement; Richard Nixon is on the verge of impeachment in connection with the Watergate scandal.
At the same time, the total costs of the Saturn-Apollo program amounted to $ 24 billion (in terms of current prices, we can talk about 100 billion), and each new launch cost 300 million (1.3 billion in modern prices) - it is clear that further funding has become exorbitant for the waning American budget. The Soviet Union experienced something similar in the late 1980s, which led to the inglorious closure of the Energiya-Buran program, the technology of which was also largely lost.
In 2013, an expedition led by Jeff Bezos, founder of the Internet company Amazon, lifted fragments of one of the F-1 engines of the Saturn V rocket that delivered Apollo 11 into orbit from the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean.
Nevertheless, despite the problems, the Americans tried to squeeze a little more out of the lunar program: the Saturn-5 rocket launched the Skylab heavy orbital station (three expeditions visited it in 1973-1974), a joint Soviet-American flight took place " Soyuz-Apollo (ASTP). In addition, the Space Shuttle program, which replaced the Apollos, used the Saturn launch facilities, and some technological solutions obtained during their operation are used today in the design of the promising American SLS carrier.
Work crate containing moonstones in the Lunar Sample Laboratory Facility
Another popular question: where did the lunar soil brought by the astronauts go? Why is it not being studied? Answer: it has not gone away, but is stored where it was planned - in the two-story building of the Lunar Sample Laboratory Facility, which was built in Houston (Texas). Applications for soil studies should also be submitted there, but only organizations with the necessary equipment can receive them. Each year, a special commission reviews applications and grants between forty and fifty of them; on average, up to 400 samples are sent out. In addition, 98 samples with a total weight of 12.46 kg are exhibited in museums around the world, and dozens of scientific publications have been published on each of them.
Pictures of the landing sites of the Apollo 11, Apollo 12 and Apollo 17 spacecraft taken by the main optical camera LRO: the lunar modules, scientific equipment and the "paths" left by the astronauts are clearly visible
Another question in the same vein: why is there no independent evidence of visiting the moon? Answer: they are. If we discard the Soviet evidence, which is still far from complete, and the excellent satellite photographs of the moon landing sites, which were made by the American LRO apparatus and which the "anti-Apollo" also consider a "fake", then the materials presented by the Indians (the Chandrayaan-1 apparatus) are quite enough for analysis. ), the Japanese (Kaguya) and the Chinese (Chang'e-2): all three agencies officially confirmed that they had found footprints left by the Apollo spacecraft.
"Moon Deception" in Russia
By the end of the 1990s, the “lunar conspiracy” theory also came to Russia, where it gained ardent supporters. Its wide popularity, obviously, is facilitated by the sad fact that very few historical books on the American space program are published in Russian, so an inexperienced reader may get the impression that there is nothing to study there.
The most ardent and talkative adherent of the theory was Yuri Mukhin, a former engineer-inventor and publicist with radical pro-Stalinist convictions, who was noticed in historical revisionism. He, in particular, published the book "The Selling Girl of Genetics", in which he refutes the achievements of genetics in order to prove that repressions against domestic representatives of this science were justified. Mukhin's style repels with deliberate rudeness, and he builds his conclusions on the basis of rather primitive distortions.
Cameraman Yuri Elkhov, who participated in the filming of such famous children's films as "The Adventures of Pinocchio" (1975) and "About Little Red Riding Hood" (1977), undertook to analyze the film shots taken by the astronauts and came to the conclusion that they were fabricated. True, he used his own studio and equipment for testing, which has nothing to do with NASA equipment of the late 1960s. As a result of the "investigation", Elkhov wrote the book "Sham Moon", which was never published on paper due to lack of funds.
Perhaps the most competent of the Russian "anti-Apollo" remains Alexander Popov - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, a specialist in lasers. In 2009, he published the book "Americans on the Moon - a great breakthrough or a space scam?", In which he gives almost all the arguments of the "conspiracy" theory, supplementing them with his own interpretations. For many years he has been running a special website dedicated to the topic, and at present he has agreed that not only the Apollo flights, but also the Mercury and Gemini ships are falsified. Thus, Popov claims that the Americans made the first flight into orbit only in April 1981 - on the Columbia shuttle. Apparently, the respected physicist does not understand that without huge previous experience it is simply impossible to launch such a complex reusable aerospace system as the Space Shuttle the first time.
* * *
The list of questions and answers can be continued indefinitely, but this makes no sense: the views of the "anti-Apollo" are not based on real facts that can be interpreted in one way or another, but on illiterate ideas about them. Unfortunately, ignorance is tenacious, and even the hook of Buzz Aldrin is not able to change the situation. It remains to hope for time and new flights to the moon, which will inevitably put everything in its place.
In the video, someone claiming to be the director makes an alleged deathbed confession that the main US space mission was filmed in a pavilion
Another "exposure of the big lie" - the historical fact of the landing of Americans on the moon in 1969 - was made by American director Patrick Murray. At least on his behalf, a video interview with Stanley Kubrick, made 15 or 16 years ago, was posted on the Internet, where the famous director admits that all the videos of the landing on the moon of Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin are fake.
In a conversation that allegedly took place before the death of the filmmaker, Stanley Kubrick states: “I committed a huge fraud against the American public. With the participation of the United States government and NASA. The moon landing was faked, all the landings were fake, and I was the person who filmed it." According to the director, in fact, the footage was filmed by him in an ordinary studio on Earth. According to him, the moon landing was a fantasy of President Nixon, who really wanted to make it a reality. The government offered the director a large amount of money to implement the idea, and he agreed to make a "movie".
However, people interested in astronautics immediately suspected a trick with the video and saw on it the dissimilarity of Kubrick speaking on behalf of the famous director. In particular, blogger Vitaly Egorov posted a real photo of Kubrick, whose face is really different from what is on the video. According to it, several inconsistencies can be immediately noted, for example, the absence of moles on the cheek of the real Kubrick, a different face shape.
Other researchers of the issue recalled that NASA at one time did indeed admit that it filmed some footage of the landing on the moon of Armstrong and Aldrin, fearing that the real shots turned out to be very weak and did not express all the solemnity of the moment.
As for the very essence of the issue, then, as MK was told at the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the main evidence that the Americans were on the moon was and remains lunar soil, brought by them in large quantities. Its elemental and isotopic composition, which has no analogue on Earth, completely coincided with those samples of regolith that were delivered at different times by three Soviet automatic lunar stations.
According to Igor MITROFANOV, Head of the Space Gamma Spectroscopy Laboratory of IKI RAS, all these disputes about the landing of Americans on the moon, apparently, will not subside until we again begin to systematically, professionally explore our eternal companion. “We took the last soil sample from the Moon back in 1976, and since then there has not been a single mission! But the Moon is our seventh continent, it is the future foothold of mankind, which we must study, first, of course, with the help of automatic stations, - says Igor Georgievich. - If everything goes as we plan, and in 2020 our Luna-26 orbiter enters the orbit of the satellite, then the cameras installed on it with a resolution of 1 meter will “see” and provide everyone with a photo of the Soviet Lunokhod, and footprints of NASA astronauts on the moon.
Help "MK". The very first Russian mission after a 42-year break "Luna-25" calculated for November 2018. It involves the delivery of a spacecraft with scientific equipment to the lunar surface in the southern subpolar region, as well as the development of soft landing technology and survival during the lunar night.
Project "Luna-26" planned to be implemented in 2020. It involves the launch of the spacecraft into the orbit of the Moon with a height of 50-100 kilometers, followed by a transition to a height of 500 km.
Project "Luna-27" involves the delivery to the surface of the Moon, in the region of the South Pole, a lander with scientific equipment.
Project "Luna-28" involves the delivery to the Moon of an apparatus with a soil sampling device for taking cryogenic samples of regolith from a depth of up to 2 meters and delivering them to Earth.
... 5 minutes before takeoff, when the pre-launch countdown was already underway, the hatch of the launch vehicle suddenly opened, and the stunned astronauts were asked to urgently leave the ship. All three were secretly put on a bus, and then taken by helicopter (and later by plane) from the cosmodrome to a secret air base. However, the historic launch still took place right on schedule. But no crew. The parting speeches of the Vice President of the United States were high-flown: "We really need a victory in space, the prestige of America is at stake!"
Frame from the film "Capricorn-1"
Meanwhile, one of the leaders of NASA explains to the shocked astronauts that due to imperfect life support systems, the crew would have been waiting for the fate of suicide bombers. Therefore, the President personally decided to stage a successful mission.
The main flight data and voices of the astronauts are recorded during training, and these recordings are already being broadcast to Earth, ostensibly from the ship. The astronauts are also invited to take part in staged filming of the landing and in subsequent communication sessions. At the base, everything is equipped for imitation: special soil is poured, there are copies of the lander and the return capsule. Few NASA specialists and some special services are devoted to the essence of the operation. The rest (including most NASA employees) have no idea. The scam succeeds completely: the whole world is watching "a small step for a person, and a huge step for humanity" ...
Frame from the film "Capricorn-1"
How do I know all this, you ask? Observed with my own eyes. In the cinema, in the American-British film Capricorn 1 (1978) directed by Peter Hyams. True, there was talk of an American expedition to Mars, but the allusions are more than transparent. Of course, the easiest way to explain the plot is by a dashing notion of a screenwriter or a delusional director. But! In "Capricorn" there are coincidences that "just like that" do not happen. For example, real shots of the launch and flight of the American Saturn-5 lunar rocket are shown. In the ship where the astronauts land at the beginning of the film, and in the staged scenery, it is also easy to guess the Apollo.
When the astronauts landed on the surface, the shooting was slowed down: it seems like they jump off with less gravity. But the film crew obviously overdid it: the slowdown turned out to be too strong, as if they were not on Mars, but on the Moon.
Frame from the film "Capricorn-1"
According to the scenario, the Vice President of the United States mentions that $24 billion was spent on the Capricorn program. And - wow! - this is how much the Apollo program actually cost (approximately today's $ 145 billion). At the launch of Apollo 11, just like in the film, the president (Nixon) was absent, referring at the last moment to urgent state affairs (at one time this caused a lot of rumors). Capricorn's life support system, according to NASA's cinematic executive, would have worked for three weeks. The life support system of the real Apollo was also designed for three weeks ...
But the most interesting thing is not even in these coincidences, but in how the further fate of invented and real astronauts developed. In the film, two main characters are killed by insidious intelligence agencies. The life of the first two "lunatics", Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin, also, to put it mildly, failed, despite the feat they accomplished (?). Aldrin retired from the US Air Force in 1972, after which he suffered from alcoholism and depression for many years. Now he writes fantasy novels. Armstrong retired from the Air Force even earlier, in 1971. At one time he taught at Ohio State University, then he also started selling computers there. He lives very closed, categorically refuses to meet with journalists.
