What is born from sketches. The concept of a sketch and a working drawing of a part and applying dimensions

Sketch (fr. esquise) - a preliminary sketch, fixing the idea of ​​a work of art, structure, mechanism or a separate part of it. Sketch- fast executed freedrawing, not intended as a finished work, often consists of many overlapping lines.

Sketches are inexpensive and allow the artist to sketch and try out other ideas before turning them into a painting.Pencilorpastelmore preferred for sketches due to time constraints, but a quick sketchwatercolorsor even a quickly modeled clay or soft wax model can also be consideredsketchin the broader sense of the word. graphite pencils relatively new invention, artistsrenaissance did sketches using a silver pen on specially prepared paper.

Contrary to popular belief, artists often use erasers when drawing. The eraser can be used to remove construction lines, or to soften lines that are too sharp.

Sketch- a preparatory sketch for the work, reflecting the search for the best embodiment of the creative idea. Sketch can be made in various techniques.

A sketch is a sketch that captures the intention of a literary orartwork, structure, mechanism or its separate part. In literature sketch can be seen as preparatory work in the creationartwork, can be considered as something independent.

in a literary sense sketch accompanies almost any literary work. This is evidenced by the writers' drafts at our disposal. Pushkin used to put on paperpreliminary work plan. ManuscriptsDostoevskystore severalsketchesfor one novel.

Sketches writers testify that at the time of their creation the idea of ​​the work was not yet sufficiently clear: they display numerous alterations and changes. Although sketch, in the sense of preparatorysketchto a work, it must inevitably already have some artistic merit, but, in essence, it belongs rather to the field of psychologycreativitythan to the theory of verbalart.

Sketch, as an independent piece of art, and has independent purely artistic features. Works of this kind are most characteristic of our day, and the spread of this literarygenreis undoubtedly related to the principlesimpressionism.

In the field of literary research example of this kind sketches the "Book of Masks" by Remy de Gourmont can serve, where the general outlines of a number of modern poets are given in a few main lines. In Russian literature, Aikhenwald's book "SilhouettesRussian writers" (where even the title itself emphasizes this sketch character of the letter). Starting from the idea that a literary work exists only in perception, that its effects are born from the contact between the writer and the reader, Eichenwald asserts the inevitable subjectivity of any critical study. Thereby,criticismand can never claim a final, unchangeable meaning. A consciously applied subjective method bringsoutlineEichenwald to typeartistic sketches. This closeness is also emphasized by the form itself.silhouettes': counting workcriticismcontinuation of the work of the poet, Eichenwald uses, as a material, not onlyideas, but also with images and vocabulary, which he finds in one or another of the authors in question. This is the most tried and testedreceptionart-criticalsketch .

In the field of artistic prose, a model sketch can serve as impressionistic constructed poems in the prose of I. Annensky ("Posthumous Poems", 1923).

sketches Verlaine show an obvious predominance of static: the poet's perception lingers on the same lines andpaints. His most distinct example is the play: Dans l’interminable ennui de la plaine, we have a purely pictorial task before us - a plain covered with snow, above it - dull, with coppershadethe arch of the sky, on the horizon the dull gray outlines of the forest, and above everything the pale face of the dying moon drooped:scenerymotionless, frozen.

Sketch found in fiction and as part of a major work: sketch you can name some descriptions and characteristics, for example, Gogol.

Sketches Leonardo da Vinci and Edgar Degas are two examples of artists sketches which have become objects of art.

Sketch

Sketches of a lion. 1980 Pen and porcelain ink on paper

Sketch(fr. esquise) - a preliminary sketch, fixing the idea of ​​a work of art, structure, mechanism or a separate part of it. A sketch is a quickly done freehand drawing, not meant to be a finished work, often consisting of many overlapping lines.

Sketches are inexpensive and allow the artist to sketch and try out other ideas before turning them into a painting. Pencil or pastel is preferred for sketching due to time constraints, but a quick watercolor sketch, or even a quick modeled layout in clay or soft wax, can also be considered a sketch in the broader sense of the word. Graphite pencils are a relatively new invention, Renaissance artists made sketches using a silver pen on specially prepared paper.

Contrary to popular belief, artists often use erasers when drawing. The eraser can be used to remove construction lines, or to soften lines that are too sharp.

A sketch is a preparatory sketch for a work, reflecting the search for the best embodiment of a creative idea. The sketch can be made in various techniques.

see also

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See what "Sketch" is in other dictionaries:

sketch- a, m. esquisse f. 1. A preliminary sketch of a drawing, painting or part of it. BAS 1. Shkitz.. Unfinished drawing; first thought on the drawing: unfinished thread, etc. (French in German accent). 1772. Sl. archit. I am studying under... Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language

A term borrowed from painting. In literature, it is used both in the field of scientific and critical works, and in the field of works of art. In both, in accordance with its meaning in the visual arts, it means ... Literary Encyclopedia

- (fr.). Essay, sketch. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. SKETCH sketch, essay. A complete dictionary of foreign words that have come into use in the Russian language. Popov M., 1907. SKETCH ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Essay, sketch, study. See book... Synonym dictionary

Sketch- SKETCH is a term borrowed from painting. In literature, it is used both in the field of scientific and critical works, and in the field of works of art. Both in one and in the other, according to their significance in the visual arts ... Dictionary of literary terms

SKETCH, sketch, male. (French esquisse). Preliminary, cursory sketch (picture, drawing; painting). Exhibition of sketches. “In the middle of a canvas streaked with charcoal and chalk… a sketch of a woman’s head would stop the attention of a connoisseur.” Gogol. || Sketch, plan, ... ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

- (French esquisse), a preliminary sketch, fixing the idea of ​​a work of art or its individual parts. The sketch outlines the compositional construction, spatial plans, the main color ratios of the future ... ... Art Encyclopedia

sketch- SKETCH, sketch, sketch, study ... Dictionary-thesaurus of synonyms of Russian speech

Sketch- - this is a preliminary sketch (simplified image) fixing the fundamental concept, product design, main parameters and technical requirements in an amount sufficient to develop full-fledged design documentation (drawings). ... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials

- (French esquisse), a preliminary, often cursory sketch, fixing the concept of a work of art, a mechanism, or its individual parts ... Modern Encyclopedia

- (French esquisse) a preliminary sketch, fixing the idea of ​​a work of art, structure, mechanism or a separate part of it ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Before proceeding with the manufacture of various items, it is necessary to perform certain preparatory work. They usually begin with the implementation of sketches and drawings, called graphic documentation. Items that need to be made are called products, and their individual parts are called parts.

Definition

Sketch- this is a conditional image of the product, drawn by hand, without the use of drawing tools, but with the proportions between its individual parts that are necessarily maintained “by eye”, i.e. This is a preliminary, approximate sketch of the product.

Drawing- this is a conditional image of a separate part or product, made using drawing tools. The drawing is considered the main graphic document. If you know how to read the drawings correctly, then from them you can find out what are the dimensions of the product depicted on them, what material it should be made of, what its appearance and shape are. In the drawing, all dimensions of products and parts are in millimeters.

Comparison

A sketch is an inaccurate, highly preliminary sketch of a part or product. A sketch is performed when it is required to quickly depict the idea of ​​a new product on paper. It is most convenient to apply it on paper "in a cage". And it is for single use only. In the future, according to the sketches, working drawings are developed, and sometimes even parts are made.

A working drawing of a part, unlike a sketch, is performed with drawing tools or with the help of a drawing computer program (for example, AutoCAD, Compass, etc.) in standard formats, on a standard scale, with strict observance of line types and thicknesses. Both on the sketch and on the drawing of the product, all the necessary information must be placed, i.e. the shape of the product and its dimensions are transmitted, as well as the permissible errors of nominal dimensions.

Drawing machine for rolling arches

Often, drawings and sketches are made in a reduced or enlarged form, in comparison with the part to be manufactured. For drawings, a well-defined scale is used (1:2; 1:4, etc.). There are no such strict requirements for sketches.

Findings site

1. A sketch is an inaccurate, approximate freehand sketch of a part or product.
2. A sketch is usually performed when developing a structurally new part, when finalizing the design in an experimental version, in case of failure of a part during operation.
3. On the sketch, all the proportions between the individual parts of the part must be maintained “by eye”.
4. The drawing is the main graphic document according to which the part is manufactured.
5. A drawing is a conditional image of a part or product made using drawing tools.
6. In the drawing, all dimensions of the parts are presented in millimeters.

In order to manufacture any product or part of a product, it is first necessary to develop its project, that is, a drawing or sketch, which specialists are guided by in the course of their manufacture. Only then will the parts be homogeneous, of high quality and corresponding to their technical and other characteristics. In our material, we will tell you how a sketch differs from a drawing and draw out the main distinguishing characteristics of these two documents.

What is a sketch?

A sketch is a sketch (drawing) of a part, object or structure by hand in compliance with the approximate proportions of the future product. But in order to fully understand how a sketch of a part differs from a drawing, one should delve into the essence of the sketch in more detail. In the sketch, despite the fact that the drawing itself may be approximate, the values ​​\u200b\u200bspecified in it must be clearly defined so that those performing the work on the manufacture of the part (product), guided by these dimensions and the mention of other (also verified) features , were able to make a full-fledged and working part (product), completely suitable in terms of its technical and other characteristics for its further use.

A sketch is also used if you need to make only one part or develop a full-fledged production drawing based on it. If products or parts are planned to be produced on a production scale (in large quantities), for this, a drawing is drawn on the basis of previous developments, studies, improvements (sketches).

What is a drawing?

A drawing is a fully developed document with a detailed technical and other description of a part (product, building). In fact, this is the same sketch, but made with the help of special and in accordance with generally accepted drawing rules. The detail in such a document is 100% worked out, all segments and parts in it are carefully verified and applied to paper in the given proportions, with a decrease (or increase), based on the rules and scaling ratios.

Understanding how a sketch differs from a drawing lies in the following. Any part of the unit, as well as the assembly or the unit itself, launched into mass production, must have exactly its own working drawing, and not a sketch, which guides specialists in the process of its production (manufacturing). Only those components, parts, assemblies that are made in strict accordance with the working drawings developed for production are considered to be of high quality. Any discrepancies with the drawing in dimensions and other features give the right to call such a product substandard (defective).

Common in sketch and drawing

So, what is the difference between a sketch and a working drawing of a part? First of all - the most careful study and observance of proportions. But there are clear similarities in these two documents, for example:

Difference in sketch and drawing

From the next section it will become even more clear how the sketch differs from the working drawing. In particular, the main differences between the two documents are as follows:

• In precision execution. If a sketch can be sketched by hand or modified using freehand lines, then a drawing is a final document that does not require revision and is made using drawing tools or special computer programs created specifically for drawing.
• If only conditional proportions of the part are observed in the sketch, then the drawing is a full-fledged view of the part with exact proportions, reduced or enlarged according to all scaling rules. Some drawings may be 100% to scale with details.
• In decoration. The technical part of the drawing contains much more detailed information about the product.

Outcome

For the final comparison of the sketch and drawing, we decided to create a table that would fully trace the main differences between these two drawing documents.

Conclusion

As any draftsman would say, no matter how a sketch differs from a drawing, without a sketch there would be no drawing as such. And indeed, in order to work out their drawing, draftsmen, in any case, first have to sketch a sketch, and then, on its basis, create a full-fledged drawing.

As practice shows, for many experienced turners or architects, who are most often guided by such documents in the manufacture of parts or the construction of various buildings, it does not matter at all how the drawing differs from the sketch. The main thing for them is that all sizes are correctly displayed in the document. Often, in repair shops, machine operators themselves, literally on the go, have to create sketches for details. However, this does not detract from the quality of their products. The same can be said about specialists in the field of construction.

A, m. 1. Preliminary sketch of a drawing, painting or part of it. I showed Kuindzhi a large sketch of the planned painting. The sketch depicted the figure of a contemplator in the evening in a field. Rylov, Memoirs. Small Academic Dictionary