What always delights the audience? + Jumps - even difficult ones - are available to everyone! + Let's try to jump on the floor first + Three powers to help you fly high
One of the elements of figure skating invariably delights all spectators, of course, with impeccable performance. Moreover, many viewers consider this particular group of elements to be the main one in figure skating, and the athlete's skill is judged only by it. You are probably already beginning to guess what in question. Well, of course, about jumps, without which figure skating loses its sharpness, without which the figure skaters' performances would be less spectacular.
Jumping today takes great place in the program of any master of figure skating. In general, according to their characteristics, figure skaters' jumps differ sharply from other elements of this sport. Taking off from the ice, flying and spinning in the air give a bright emotional coloring to the performances of the skaters.
Gone are the days when it was believed that complex jumps were only possible for especially gifted athletes. Nowadays, almost any skater can, in principle, master the most difficult jump - after all, their staging has been studied to the smallest detail. Ten years ago, three-turn jumps were shown only by a few leading athletes. And today, at the world championships, at the championships of Europe and our country, dozens of athletes perform three-turn jumps, and even women make quite successful attempts to show them in competitions.
In a word, jumping today is the lot of not chosen ones, they belong to all skaters. And we will also begin to study them. Of course, we will not do complex jumps in our training, but we will study the basics of technique, the very principle of performing this or that jump. And this will help you in the future if you want to continue training in a real sports group under the guidance of experienced coaches.
So, let's start jumping figure skating.
Before we start jumping on the ice, guys, let's learn the simplest flip jump on the floor. This, as before, when studying other elements, will allow us to quickly understand the nature of the jump, to avoid unnecessary falls.
Practice Clothes - Plain sports suit, slippers.
Since everyone in our group is “left”, then we will study jumps based on this.
After a good warm-up, warming up the whole body, we start jumping. We stand on the right leg, slightly bent at the knee. Right hand in front, left behind. The left shoulder is also pulled back. Remember: this is the moment of approach to the jump. In this position, you will slide back.
Now step forward on your left foot. We put it with the turned heel to the heel of the right foot, but not too close - at a distance of about a foot. The step is taken on the left leg bent at the knee. At the same time, the face turns in the direction of movement.
When switching to the left foot, it turns out in front left hand, right retracted. The free right leg swings forward and up past the supporting leg, but in no case around it (the movement is opposite to the rotation swing, where the free leg described a circle). At the end of the swing, the left, supporting leg is sharply repelled from the floor with the help of straightening at the knee and movement of the ankle joint.
In the air, the pushing leg is pulled up to the flywheel. The skater must make a half turn to the left in the air and ride back onto the right foot. The left leg, after it has been pulled up to the right, is retracted back by the time of departure. The right hand is slightly ahead of the left, the exit takes place with the back to the direction of movement.
On the ice, we'll start by doing a few backward sweeps in a counter-clockwise direction. We slide back on the outer edge of the right skate. We accept the position that has already been learned on the floor. After that, we switch to the left foot to slide forward. Leave your right foot behind and swing, which you already know. Don't forget to work your shoulders and arms.
I want to add in passing that the separation from the ice is done from the front of the skate. After completing a half turn in the air, land on the prong of the right skate and immediately move to the center of the blade. This will soften the landing, there will be no hard hit on the ice. Remember that the exit from the flip jump is made on the outer edge of the right skate. The head is turned towards the right hand. The skater's shoulders and arms, as well as the free leg, must be very stiff to prevent further "twisting" of the torso and to make a proper, crisp exit. Since this jump is a triple jump (if you notice, we made a kind of triple step, only the triple jumped in the air and immediately landed on the right foot), the line of entry into the jump and the line of exit were a continuation of one another in a circle.
The height of the jump depends on the strength of the push of the supporting leg and on the swing of the free leg. These are two equivalent components. There is also a third force that helps the skater to rise above the ice. This is a forward-upward movement of the arms that helps the body in flight.
In the future, when the jump is mastered, try to make several jump jumps in a row. After leaving the first flip jump (the exit should be long), exactly the same transition to the second flip jump is made as was done during the initial approach. Having made the second jump and leaving it, you can perform the third, fourth, fifth, etc. There is also a competitive element in the series of flips. And everyone in the group can compete with their comrades: here you can evaluate the number of well-executed jumps.
Today, professional athletes use a whole arsenal of jumping tricks, divided into two individual groups. The rib got its name due to the technique of repulsion with the edge of the skate. Rib jumps include Axel, Loop and Salchow.
The next group - toe jump in figure skating - requires repulsion with the toe of the skate, on which there are a number of special teeth. In this group of jumps, athletes most often perform the favorite sheepskin coat, lutz and flip.
Axel
Axel is a jump in figure skating, which is considered by skaters as the most difficult element to perform. The jump is the only one that can be reached when moving forward. Proper execution of the Axel requires the skater to slide outward and lunge forward on the right leg. During the jump, the skater simultaneously throws out one free leg and slightly slows down the other.
The air spin in the Axel needs to be quickly regrouped to provide a smooth landing on the fly leg. Despite repulsion during forward acceleration, the athlete lands with his back to the direction of motion. That's why given jump in figure skating is a unique element where the number of rotations is calculated exclusively with halves.
For a long time, the axel was considered masculine. Only in the middle of the last century, the American Carol Heiss secured the title of the first woman who obeyed the double axel. Later, in 1988, the Japanese Midori Ito succeeded in a triple rotation during the element. Since that time, only five girls managed to repeat the achievement of the athlete at official competitions. However, the axel for women is not considered an absolutely mandatory element of the program.
Salchov
There is probably no easier jump for a professional skater than a salchow. This single rib jump was first performed by Ulrich Salchow in 1909. After a decade, athletes began to demonstrate double and triple salchows. Well, the quadruple jump obeyed the young figure skater Timothy Gable in 1998.
If we talk about the technique of performing the jump, then it is as follows. The approach to the rotation is carried out by an arc in the direction back-in. In parallel with this, a free leg swing is performed around the body. The athlete lands on the outer edge, after which the fly leg drops to the ground and continues to move.
A loop
The loop is a rib jump in figure skating, commonly known as the "loop". For the first time at international competitions, the element was performed by the German figure skater Werner Ritterberger back in 1910.
The loop technique requires sliding in the back-out direction with support on the right foot. In this case, the free leg crosses in relation to the supporting leg, turning the body counterclockwise. At the same time, repulsion is performed from the right leg.
Sheepskin coat
The most common jump in figure skating is called the toe loop. It is from him that many athletes begin their acquaintance with the technical elements of sports discipline. For the first time with a single revolution, the jump was performed in 1920 by the American athlete Bruce Mape. Later, three more rotations were added to the complexity of the element.
Today, skaters consider the sheepskin coat as a fairly easy jump in figure skating. For the technically correct execution of the element, it is required to take off from the toe of the left skate, rotate back and land on the outer edge of the supporting leg. Skaters performing a jump in a clockwise motion respectively change their foot for take-off and landing.
Flip jump half turn
Compared to a toe loop of three or four rotations, the flip jump in figure skating is considered a relatively uncomplicated element. It is performed with cutting in a counterclockwise direction. Next, a roll is carried out on a slightly bent right leg at the knee. When moving on the outer surface of the blade of the skate with the arms extended in the frontal direction, a jump is entered.
By abruptly moving the right foot in front of the left and straightening the bent knee, a fairly simple half-turn can be performed. In this case, the hands act as a buoyant force.
So that the flip jump does not fail, starting from the moment of changing legs during repulsion, you need to try to hang for a moment in a suspended state. Fully left leg straightens only in the jump.
Flip
The second most difficult element among the group of toe jumps in figure skating is the flip. The element got its name due to the characteristic click that athletes hear during its execution. The triple flip was first performed in the mid-70s. Unfortunately, the quadruple jump in figure skating has not yet submitted to anyone.
The flip requires a backwards approach, with an emphasis on the inside edge of the skating leg. Next, the toe of the free leg hits the platform, after which repulsion occurs with rotation and rolls out back and out.
Lutz
Professional skaters regard the lutz as the most technically difficult toe jump. The element was first demonstrated by the Austrian athlete Alois Lutz at international competitions in 1913. It took some ten years for skaters to learn how to perform double and triple loots. It is noteworthy that the quad jump was submitted to the American Brandon Mroz only a century after the appearance of the element in competitive practice.
The technique of performing the element consists in rolling on the left leg with the toe of the free leg resting on the ice. The turnover occurs simultaneously with the touch of the front part of the ridge of the site due to sudden movement hands and torso. Carrying out several rotations in a counterclockwise direction, the athlete leans on the right leg with an exit back and out.
Eventually
Jumping is the most exciting element of figure skating. It is the rotation in flight that constitutes the main part modern program competitions. The dizzying jump stunts not only make the audience scream in fear, but also feel the joy of an adrenaline rush.
Having understood the technique of performing the basic jumping elements, the athlete discovers a completely different facet of sports discipline, changes his vision of existing programs and his own view of the system of judicial evaluation.
Jumps are the most spectacular curly elements. When performing a jump, the athlete not only pushes off the surface of the ice, but also spins over it at an incredible speed, which looks very impressive and fascinating.
In figure skating, jumps are distinguished by the number of revolutions, there are also tooth and edge jumps. The most sophisticated jump is the four-turn jump, in particular the salchow or sheepskin coat. Well, where without the “axel” of 3.5 turns. The easiest in terms of performing a "flip" jump in half a turn. Let's start with him.
The execution of the element must begin with counterclockwise sweeps back. Roll back on your right foot on the outer edge of the blade. The knee is slightly bent. right hand bring forward, and keep the left behind the body. This is how you perform the jump approach. Then transfer the weight of the body to the other leg, also on the outer edge, roll forward. The leg is bent again, the free leg behind. Next, quickly move your right foot forward of your left foot. Take a push with your left foot, straighten your knee and make 0.5 turns in the air. When performing an element, your hands help you to push forward and up.
After finishing half a turn, stand on the ice with the teeth of the right blade and immediately move to the central part of the blade. Roll on the outside edge and make a spectacular back arc.
What you need to pay attention to. There are three components to your airborne height and jump span: movement of the right leg forward of the left, straightening the left supporting leg, as well as the work of the hands helping to roll out the body. Make sure that the jump does not break into a step. To do this, try to freeze for a couple of moments in a hanging state. The left push must be straightened in the jump. The element is executed along one trajectory: you need to enter and exit the jump along the line of one circle.
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Success in figure skating depends on the knowledge of technique and practical training. The basis is the ability to perform the simplest movements and jumps, their study is included in the training program of any ice school. Experienced coaches know perfectly well how to perform jumps in figure skating and devote a lot of time to them.
How to learn to jump in figure skating
In figure skating, there are 6 types of basic jumps, three of which are edge jumps, three are tooth jumps. Each of them has its own technique of execution and requires practical development.
- Axel. It is performed in 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 turns, it can be single, double, triple and flip. How to do a flip jump in figure skating, every skater should know. It is performed after the run-up, with the transition to sliding back-out. In this position, it is important to maintain balance, monitor posture, do not stick out the pelvis, do not slouch and do not lower your head.
- Salchow. The jump is performed in a positive direction with a change of foot, the most common is the forward-outside/back-inside trio. It can be performed by stepping, for example, back-out / forward-in with the transition back-in to the push arc. Creates the effect of surprise, is dynamic.
- Lutz. One of the most difficult and spectacular jumps, performed in a negative direction without changing legs, while sliding in an arc back and out. The free leg is in front, the arm is laid back. Before the jump, the supporting leg is retracted, the shoulders are turned in the direction opposite to the rotation. The push leg is placed two or three skates from the supporting leg, the jump is performed after an energetic repulsion with both legs.
- Flip. Most often performed after the trio forward-outward / backward-inward with the setting of the push leg on the teeth. After turning before the push, the free leg and arm are retracted. After the push and the initial rotation obtained by turning the upper body, acceleration is imparted by a locking movement of the teeth of the jog skate.
- Sheepskin coat. It is performed in a positive direction with a change of foot after turning the trio forward-inward / backward-outward and setting the toe of the jog skate back in the direction of movement. For the jump, you can use another way: a triple transition forward-out. The first one is suitable for performing the maximum number of revolutions, the second one is suitable for beginners, since it provides the most stable position.
How to jump correctly in figure skating, the coach explains after the main skills are mastered. When learning, first of all, they achieve a stable glide, then they move on to the study of jumps, in which there is no long pause between the run-up and the push.
