The "present" century and the "past" century in Griboedov's comedy "Woe from Wit"
The current age and the past
A. S. Griboyedov
"Woe from Wit" is one of the most topical works of Russian dramaturgy. The problems posed in comedy continued to excite Russian social thought and literature many years after its birth.
"Woe from Wit" is the fruit of Griboedov's patriotic reflections on the fate of Russia, on the ways of renewal and reorganization of her life. From this point of view, the most important political, moral and cultural problems of the era are covered in the comedy.
The content of the comedy is revealed as a collision and change of two epochs of Russian life - the "present" century and the "past" century. The border between them, in my opinion, is the war of 1812 - the fire of Moscow, the defeat of Napoleon, the return of the army from foreign campaigns. After World War II, two social camps developed in Russian society. This is the camp of feudal reaction in the person of Famusov, Skalozub and others, and the camp of advanced noble youth in the person of Chatsky. The comedy clearly shows that the clash of the ages was an expression of the struggle between these two camps.
In Fvmusov's enthusiastic stories and Chatsky's diatribes, the author creates an image of the 18th, "past" century. The "past" century is the ideal of the Famus society, because Famusov is a staunch serf-owner. He is ready, because of any trifle, to exile his peasants to Siberia, he hates education, crawls before his superiors, cursing himself as best he can to get a new rank. He bows before his uncle, who "ate on gold", served at the court of Catherine herself, walked "all in orders". Of course, he received his numerous ranks and awards not by faithful service to the fatherland, but by currying favor with the empress. And he diligently teaches the youth this infamy:
That's it, you are all proud!
Would you ask how the fathers did?
They would learn by looking at their elders.
Famusov boasts of both his own semi-enlightenment and the entire class to which he belongs; bragging about the fact that the Moscow girls "top bring notes"; that his door is open to everyone, both invited and uninvited, "especially from foreigners."
In the next "ode" of Fvmusov - praise to the nobility, a hymn to the servile and selfish Moscow:
For example, we have been doing from time immemorial,
What is the honor of the father and son:
Be poor, yes if you get it
Souls of a thousand two tribal - that and the groom!
The arrival of Chatsky alarmed Famusov: expect only trouble from him. Famusov refers to the calendar. This is sacred for him. Having taken up the enumeration of future affairs, he comes into a benevolent mood. In fact, there will be a dinner with trout, the burial of the rich and respectable Kuzma Petrovich, the christening at the doctor's. Here it is, the life of the Russian nobility: sleep, food, entertainment, food again and sleep again.
Skalozub stands next to Famusov in the comedy - "and a golden bag and aims for generals." Colonel Skalozub is a typical representative of the Arakcheev army environment. At first glance, his image is caricatured. But this is not so: historically it is quite truthful. Like Famusov, the colonel is guided in his life by the philosophy and ideals of the "past" century, but in a cruder form. He sees the purpose of his life not in serving the fatherland, but in achieving ranks and awards, which, in his opinion, are more accessible to the military:
I am quite happy in my comrades,
Vacancies are just open:
Then the old ones will be turned off by others,
Others, you see, are killed.
Chatsky characterizes Skalozub as follows:
hoarse, strangled, bassoon,
A constellation of maneuvers and mazurkas.
Skalozub began to make his career from the moment when the heroes of 1812 began to be replaced by stupid and slavishly devoted to the autocracy martinet, led by Arakcheev.
In my opinion, Famusov and Skalozub in the description of aristocratic Moscow belongs to the first place. People of the Famusovsky circle are selfish and greedy. They spend all their time in secular entertainment, vulgar intrigues and stupid gossip. This special society has its own ideology, its own way of life, views on life. They are sure that there is no other ideal than wealth, power and universal respect. "After all, only here they value the nobility," Famusov says about lordly Moscow. Griboyedov exposes the reactionary nature of serf society and in this way shows where the rule of the Famusovs is leading Russia.
He puts his revelations into the monologues of Chatsky, who has a sharp mind, quickly determines the essence of the subject. For friends and for enemies, Chatsky was not just smart, but a "freethinker", belonging to the advanced circle of people. The thoughts that agitated him disturbed the minds of all the progressive youth of that time. Chatsky gets to St. Petersburg when the movement of "liberalists" is born. In this situation, in my opinion, the views and aspirations of Chatsky are formed. He knows literature well. Famusov heard rumors that Chatsky "writes and translates nicely." Such a passion for literature was characteristic of free-thinking noble youth. At the same time, Chatsky is also interested in social activities: we learn about his connection with the ministers. I believe he even managed to visit the village, because Famusov claims that he "blissed out" there. It can be assumed that this whim meant a good attitude towards the peasants, perhaps some economic reforms. These lofty aspirations of Chatsky are an expression of his patriotic feelings, hostility to the aristocratic customs and serfdom in general. I think I will not be mistaken in assuming that Griboedov for the first time in Russian literature revealed the national and historical origins of the Russian liberation movement of the 20s of the 19th century, the circumstances of the formation of Decembrism. It is the Decembrist understanding of honor and duty, the social role of a person that is opposed to the slave morality of the Famusovs. “I would be glad to serve, it’s sickening to serve,” says Chatsky, like Griboyedov.
Just like Griboedov, Chatsky is a humanist, defends the freedom and independence of the individual. He sharply exposes the basis of feudalism in an angry speech "about the judges." Here Chatsky denounces the serf system he hates. He highly appreciates the Russian people, speaks of their mind, love of freedom, and this, in my opinion, also echoes the ideology of the Decembrists.
It seems to me that in comedy there is an idea of the independence of the Russian people. The kowtowing before everything foreign, the French upbringing, usual for the noble environment, cause Chatsky's sharp protest:
I odal sent wishes
Humble, but out loud
So that the Lord destroyed this unclean spirit
Empty, slavish, blind imitation;
So that he would plant a spark in someone with a soul;
Who could by word and example
Hold us like a strong rein,
From pathetic nausea on the side of a stranger.
Obviously, Chatsky is not alone in comedy. He speaks on behalf of the whole generation. A logical question arises: who did the hero mean by the word "we"? Probably the younger generation going the other way. The fact that Chatsky is not alone in his views is also understood by Famusov. "Today, more than ever, crazy divorced people, and deeds, and opinions!" - He exclaims. Chatsky is dominated by an optimistic view of the nature of contemporary life. He believes in a new era. Chatsky says with satisfaction to Famusov:
How to compare and see
The current century and the past century:
Fresh legend, but hard to believe.
Not so long ago " there was a direct age of humility and fear " . Today, a sense of personal dignity is awakening. Not everyone wants to serve, not everyone is looking for patrons. There is public opinion. It seems to Chatsky that the time has come when it is possible to change and correct the existing feudal order through the development of advanced public opinion, the emergence of new humane ideas. The struggle against the Famusovs in comedy has not ended, because in reality it has only just begun. The Decembrists and Chatsky were representatives of the first stage of the Russian liberation movement. Goncharov remarked very correctly: "Chatsky is inevitable when one century changes to another. The Chatskys live and are not translated in Russian society, where the struggle of the fresh with the obsolete, the sick with the healthy" continues.
The comedy "Woe from Wit" by A.S. Griboedov was written in the first half of the 19th century and is a satire on the views of the noble society of that time. In the play, two opposing camps collide: the conservative nobility and the younger generation of nobles who have new views on the structure of society. The protagonist of "Woe from Wit" Alexander Andreevich Chatsky aptly called the arguing parties "the current century" and "the past century." Also presented in the comedy "Woe from Wit" is a generational dispute. What each of the parties represents, what are their views and ideals, will make it possible to understand the analysis of "Woe from Wit".
The “age of the past” in comedy is much more numerous than the camp of its opponents. The main representative of the conservative nobility is Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov, in whose house all comedy phenomena take place. He is the manager of the state house. His daughter Sophia was brought up by him from childhood, because. her mother died. Their relationship reflects the conflict between fathers and children in Woe from Wit.
In the first act, Famusov finds Sophia in a room with Molchalin, his secretary, who lives in their house. He does not like the behavior of his daughter, and Famusov begins to read morality to her. His views on education reflect the position of the entire nobility: “These languages were given to us! We take vagabonds, both to the house and on tickets, so that our daughters can be taught everything. There are minimum requirements for foreign teachers, the main thing is that they should be “more in number, at a cheaper price”.
However, Famusov believes that the best educational impact on her daughter should be the example of her own father. In this regard, in the play "Woe from Wit" the problem of fathers and children becomes even more acute. Famusov says about himself that he is "known for his monastic behavior." But is he such a good role model if a second before he began to lecture Sophia, the reader watched him openly flirt with the maid Lisa? For Famusov, only what is said about him in the world matters. And if the noble society does not gossip about his love affairs, then his conscience is clear. Even Liza, imbued with the morals prevailing in Famusov's house, warns her young mistress not from nightly meetings with Molchalin, but from public gossip: "Sin is not a problem, rumor is not good." This position characterizes Famusov as a morally decomposed person. Does an immoral person have the right to talk about morality in front of his daughter, and even be considered an example for her?
In this regard, the conclusion suggests itself that for Famusov (and in his person and for the entire old Moscow noble society) it is more important to seem like a worthy person, and not to be such. Moreover, the desire of representatives of the “past century” to make a good impression applies only to rich and noble people, because communication with them contributes to the acquisition of personal gain. People who do not have high ranks, awards and wealth are only honored with contempt from the noble society: “Whoever needs it: for those who are arrogant, they lie in the dust, and for those who are higher, flattery is woven like lace.”
Famusov transfers this principle of dealing with people to his attitude to family life. “He who is poor is not a match for you,” he says to his daughter. The feeling of love has no power, it is despised by this society. Calculation and profit dominate the life of Famusov and his supporters: “Be poor, but if there are two thousand family souls, that is the groom.” This position gives rise to the lack of freedom of these people. They are hostages and slaves to their own comfort: “And who in Moscow hasn’t had their mouths shut at lunches, dinners and dances?”
What is a humiliation for the progressive people of the new generation is the norm for the representatives of the conservative nobility. And this is no longer just a dispute of generations in the work "Woe from Wit", but a much deeper divergence in the views of the two warring parties. With great admiration, Famusov recalls his uncle Maxim Petrovich, who "knew honor before everyone", had "a hundred people at his service" and was "all in orders." How did he deserve his high position in society? Once, at a reception at the Empress, he stumbled and fell, hitting the back of his head painfully. Seeing the smile on the face of the autocrat, Maxim Petrovich decided to repeat his fall several more times in order to amuse the empress and the court. Such an ability to “serve”, according to Famusov, is worthy of respect, and the younger generation should take an example from him.
Famusov will read Colonel Skalozub as a suitor to his daughter, who "will not utter a word of wisdom." He is good only because he "picked up a lot of marks of distinction", but Famusov, "like all Moscow ones", "would like a son-in-law ... with stars and ranks."
The younger generation in the society of the conservative nobility. The image of Molchalin.
The conflict between the “current century” and the “past century” is not defined and not limited in the comedy “Woe from Wit” to the theme of fathers and children. For example, Molchalin, belonging to the younger generation by age, adheres to the views of the “past century”. In the first appearances, he appears before the reader as Sophia's humble lover. But he, like Famusov, is very afraid that there would be a bad opinion about him in society: "Evil tongues are worse than a gun." As the action of the play develops, the true face of Molchalin is revealed. It turns out that he is with Sophia "by position", that is, in order to please her father. In fact, he is more passionate about the maid Lisa, with whom he behaves much more relaxed than with Famusov's daughter. Under the reticence of Molchalin, his duplicity is hidden. He does not miss the opportunity at the party to show his helpfulness to influential guests, because "one must depend on others." This young man lives according to the rules of the "past century", and therefore "the Silent people are blissful in the world."
"Current Century" in the play "Woe from Wit". The image of Chatsky.
Chatsky is the only defender of other views on the problems touched upon in the work, a representative of the “present century”. He was brought up with Sophia, between them there was youthful love, which the hero keeps in his heart at the time of the events of the play. Chatsky was not in Famusov's house for three years, because. traveled the world. Now he has returned with hopes for Sophia's mutual love. But here everything has changed. The beloved meets him coldly, and his views are fundamentally at odds with the views of the Famus society.
To Famusov’s call “Go and serve!” Chatsky replies that he is ready to serve, but only “to the cause, not to persons”, but “to serve” him is generally “sickening”. In the "past century" Chatsky does not see freedom for the human person. He does not want to be a jester for a society where "he was famous for whose neck bent more often," where a person is judged not by personal qualities, but by the material goods that he possesses. Indeed, how can one judge a person only by his ranks, if “ranks are given by people, but people can be deceived”? Chatsky sees in the Famus society the enemies of a free life and does not find role models in it. The protagonist, in his accusatory monologues against Famusov and his supporters, opposes serfdom, against the slavish love of Russian people for everything foreign, against servility and careerism. Chatsky is a supporter of enlightenment, a creative and searching mind capable of acting in accordance with conscience.
The “current century” is inferior in the play to the “past century” in terms of numbers. That is the only reason why Chatsky is doomed to defeat in this battle. Just until the time of Chatsky came. The split in the noble environment has only begun to emerge, but in the future the progressive views of the protagonist of the comedy "Woe from Wit" will give lush shoots. Now Chatsky has been declared insane, because the accusatory speeches of the insane are not terrible. The conservative nobility, having supported the rumor about Chatsky's madness, only temporarily protected themselves from the changes that they are so afraid of, but which are inevitable.
conclusions
Thus, in the comedy Woe from Wit, the problem of generations is not the main one and by no means reveals the full depth of the conflict between the “current century” and the “past century”. The contradictions of the two camps lie in the difference in their perception of life and the structure of society, in different ways of interacting with this society. This conflict cannot be resolved by verbal battles. Only time and a series of historical events will naturally replace the old with the new.
The comparative analysis of two generations will help 9th grade students to describe the conflict between the “current century” and the “past century” in their essay on the topic “The current century” and “the past century” in the comedy “Woe from Wit” by Griboedov”
Artwork test
Griboyedov consciously collides "the current century" and "the past century" in comedy. For what? In order to expose the problems of both centuries. And there are many problems in Russia - serfdom, the upbringing and education of young people, and promotion to ranks. The current century is represented by the young nobleman Chatsky, who was educated in Europe. He wants to apply his knowledge in Russia. But, alas, Russia lives in the past century with its terrible, ugly ulcer - serfdom. The past century is represented by conservative feudal lords headed by Famusov. They are not going to give up their positions without a fight. And now the swords of the verbal duel crossed, only sparks fly.
The first round is the attitude towards wealth and ranks. The youth is ready and wants to serve Russia. “I would be glad to serve, it’s sickening to serve.” This is Chatsky's slogan. And what can Famusov offer in response? A service that is inherited. His ideal is the dense uncle Maxim Petrovich (and where did he just dig him up)? He served under Catherine the Great, and it doesn't matter that he was a stupid jester.
Round two - attitude to education. Famusov's attack - education is not needed, it is scary like the plague. Educated people are dangerous and scary. But following the fashion, they hire foreign teachers. Chatsky retorts - he sees Russia as educated, enlightened, cultured. Something reminiscent of the ideas of the early Decembrists.
Round three - attitude towards serfdom. Chatsky is indignant - he does not understand how people sell people like cattle, change them, play cards on them, separate families, send them to distant cold Siberia. For Famusov, this is a common practice.
“The past century”, as is often customary in Russia, fights not according to the rules, not honestly. If you lose to the enemy, then you need to neutralize him for a while and take him out of the game. Everything is simply and tastefully done by the hands of a once beloved woman. In order not to interfere with her and others to live in the old way, she publicly slandered Chatsky, saying that he was mentally ill. Well, at least not violently mad, otherwise they would have been isolated from society. And what to take from a sick person. He doesn't know what he's talking about.
In fact, there is no one to support Chatsky. He has no associates, and one cannot cope with Famusov and his ilk. The play mentions people who, from the point of view of the Famus company, are strange. This is Skalozub's cousin who reads books in the village. Yes, Prince Fyodor, to whom the label "chemist and botanist" was firmly stuck. And what is funny and shameful in this is not clear. Repetilov secretly reports that he is a member of some kind of society. What they are doing there, no one knows. “We make noise,” as Repetilov himself puts it about his activities.
Humiliated, insulted, but not defeated, Chatsky has no choice but to leave this city and the people who slandered and rejected him.
Option 2
The story was finished by 1824. At this time, disagreements about views were growing between people in different strata of society. Literally a year later, the Decembrists rebelled, and this happened approximately because of a brewing problem. Those who supported everything new, reforms, changes in both politics and literature, became against conservative-minded relatives.
Approximately such a liberal-minded was Chatsky, who literally personified youth, ardor and desire for change. And Famusov, like all older people, was inclined to believe that “it used to be better”, and therefore advocated the preservation of this “before”. When Chatsky had to return to the capital, the first thing that struck him was that Sophia began to speak the same way as her father. The words of his beloved hurt, but the young man understood the power of propaganda, which fell on Sophia from her father in powerful waves.
Actually, the first clash between the "past century" and the "current" occurred on the basis of military service. For Famusov, service is just a way to earn money. What is remarkable: earnings at any cost. He does not care that sometimes he has to lie under the highest ranks, but Chatsky has a different attitude. Having said capaciously and a little rudely the phrase “I would be glad to serve, it’s sickening to serve,” he clearly explained his position. He literally abhors the blind worship of foreign things, servility, serfdom, which are so dear to the Famusov circle.
Famusov's friends, in turn, consider Sophia's beloved extravagant, insane, sloppy in actions and words, a dandy. And now, one can imagine how difficult it was for Sophia: on the one hand, the father promotes foreign writers and everything else, and on the other, the young man talks about the uselessness of foreign teachers.
Thus, through the mouth of Chatsky, Griboyedov himself spoke to the people about the need for changes. He tried in vain to convey that everything that is in Russia is already good, that there are teachers, much better than foreign ones. And creativity... The fact that creativity is better in Russia, Griboyedov decided to prove by his own example.
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A person's age does not affect his formation in such categories as experience and mistakes. Nobody is immune from them. However, the degree of responsibility is different for everyone. In other words, someone takes it very close to heart, someone does not.
Plan:
1. Introduction
a) representatives of the "past century";
b) representatives of the "current century".
2. Main body:
a) Chatsky's point of view;
b) Famusov's point of view;
c) conflict resolution.
3. Conclusion.
In the comedy "" A.S. Griboyedov shows the conflict between the “current century” in the person of Chatsky and the “past century” in the person of the “famus society”. This is the main conflict to which the whole play is devoted; It is not for nothing that Goncharov writes in his critical article “A Million of Torments” that “Chatsky is starting a new century - and this is all his significance and all his “mind”. Thus, even the title of the work indicates that, first of all, Griboyedov wanted to show the clash of two centuries.
“The past century” is, of course, the Famusovs. Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov, an elderly nobleman and official with money, and his daughter, Sofia Pavlovna Famusova, an educated and pretty young girl. Here you should also write down a, Colonel Skalozub, as well as almost all the secondary characters of the comedy: the Tugoukhovsky couple, Mrs. Khlestova and others. All together they form a "famus society", the personification of the "past century".
"Current Age" - . Others are fleetingly mentioned, as if heroes similar to him in thinking: Skalozub's cousin, Prince Fyodor - these young people also strive to live a different life, different from the life of the "famus society". However, there is a significant difference between them and Chatsky: Chatsky is an accuser and an implacable fighter, while these characters do not impose their point of view on anyone.
The clash of Famusov and Chatsky inevitably leads to a clash of centuries to which they belong. According to Pavel Afanasyevich, Chatsky should have taken up the service - Famusov sees in the young man good inclinations for a brilliant career, besides, Alexander Andreevich is the son of his friend, so Famusov is extremely friendly towards him. Chatsky is also happy to return home, not yet suspecting how this return will end; he is glad to see Famusov, but is not ready to share his views: “I would be glad to serve, it’s sickening to serve.”
A young nobleman, after traveling around Europe, sees all too clearly all the frightening flaws of the Motherland: serfdom, destructive for human souls, imitation of foreigners, “submissiveness”, stupid and absurd “love for the uniform” ... each of these flaws raises a sincere protest in him, and Chatsky breaks out another fiery tirade. His famous monologues “And for sure, the world began to grow stupid”, “I won’t come to my senses ...”, “And who are the judges?” - a desperate attempt to make people see what false ideals they follow, how they curtain the windows with their own hands from the rays of a brighter future. Famusov is disappointed in Chatsky. "Small with a head" refuses to follow generally accepted traditions, acts as an accuser and even an insult to the values of the "famus society". “Everything has its own laws,” and Chatsky diligently violates these laws, and then scoffs at them.
Of course, a worthy representative of Moscow society cannot tolerate this, and every now and then asks Chatsky to be silent for his own good. Strange as it may seem, the most terrible, decisive clash does not take place between Pavel Afansevich and Chatsky. Yes, they develop the conflict of the centuries, demonstrating different views on the order in society, but it is not Famusov who will put an end to the conflict, but his daughter. , until the last, beloved by Chatsky, not only exchanged him for the helpful hypocritical Molchalin, but also unwittingly became the culprit of his expulsion - it was because of her that Chatsky was considered crazy. Rather, she only wanted to start a rumor in order to avenge him for mocking Molchalin, but the “Famus society” too willingly picked up and believed: after all, a madman is not dangerous, all his accusatory, terrible “gone century” speeches can be attributed to clouding of reason ...
So, the "present century" and the "past century" could not but come into conflict because of too different, contradictory views on the correct structure of society and the behavior of people in it. And although in the comedy Chatsky flees from Moscow, admitting his defeat, the "Famus society" does not have long. Goncharov writes about it this way: "Chatsky is broken by the amount of old strength, inflicting a mortal blow on it with the quality of fresh strength."
ATTITUDE TO EDUCATION
The current century: The main representative of the present century in comedy is Chatsky. He is smart, well developed, "can talk," "can laugh at everyone nicely, chatting, joking." Unfortunately, his mind makes him feel "out of his element" in the Famus society. People do not understand and do not listen to him, and towards the end of the work they consider him already crazy.
The past century: In the work of Famusov (it is he and his society that are considered as representatives of the past century), he is very negatively disposed towards education: "I would like to take the books and burn them."
(In a conversation about Sophia:) "Tell me that it's not good for her to spoil her eyes, and in reading it's not great: she can't sleep from French books, but it hurts me to sleep from Russians." "Learning is the plague, learning is the cause." "All his life he has been reading fables, and here are the fruits of these books" (about Sophia).
Famusov believes that education is a completely unnecessary part of human life, that, having money, a person does not need education or books (as a way of entertainment).
ATTITUDE TO SERVICE
The current century: Chatsky was in military service. His main goal is business, not profit, rank. Service is necessary for self-development, improvement of abilities. "I would be glad to serve, it's sickening to serve."
The past century: For Famusov, service is, first of all, getting a rank. Military service is also a way to develop a career, and a career is money.
Famusov believes that a person without money is a nobody - a person of the lowest grade.
ATTITUDE TO WEALTH AND RANKS
Current century: For Chatsky, wealth is not the main characteristic of a person, although he understands that this is an indicator of power (in any century). "And for those who are higher, flattery, like lace, was woven." - people for the sake of money are ready to say goodbye with pride and go to any lengths. "Ranks are given by people, but people can be deceived."
The past century: Wealth is a definition of position in society. If a person is rich, then Famusov. most likely, he will gladly begin to communicate with him (These are visits to dear guests, and also, perhaps, benefit for himself). Of course, for the daughter of Sofia Famusov also wants to find a rich husband - to improve his own income. "He who is poor is not a couple for you." "Be poor, but if there are souls of two thousand family members, that is the groom."
ATTITUDE TO FOREIGN
The current century: Being in Europe, Chatsky got used to its variability, life, movement, fashion. "What new will Moscow show me?". "How from an early time we got used to believing that there is no salvation for us without the Germans." "Ah, if we were born to adopt everything, at least we could take some of the Chinese's wise ignorance of foreigners from them. Will we ever rise from the foreign rule of fashion? So that our smart, cheerful people, although in language we are not considered Germans. "
Past century: Having got used to his generation, Famusov does not welcome French fashion. Disapproving of books at all, he dislikes French novels even more. "She can't sleep from French books." When Famusov found Molchalin at Sophia’s: “And here are the fruits of these books! And all the Kuznetsk obscenity, and the eternal French, from there fashion comes to us, and authors, and muses: destroyers of pockets and hearts! When the Creator will save us from their hats! Cheptsov! And hairpins! And pins! And bookstores and biscuit shops!"
ATTITUDE TO FREEDOM OF JUDGMENT
The current age: First of all, you need to listen to yourself and your mind. "Why are other people's opinions only holy? I believe my own eyes." In a conversation with Molchalin, Chatsky completely disagrees with him that "at their age one should not dare to have one's own judgments." But, unfortunately, having his own opinion leads him to troubles in the Famus society.
The past century: "Today, more than ever, crazy divorced people, and deeds, and opinions." Accordingly, all troubles occur due to the emergence of their own opinions in other people. In a Famus society, it is beneficial to keep with you those who do not have such a "flaw". People must live and act strictly according to a pattern, obeying, most importantly, people who are higher in rank.
ATTITUDE TO LOVE
current century:
1) For Chatsky, love is, first of all, a sincere feeling. Despite this, he knows how to think sensibly, puts love no higher than reason.
2) Brought up on French novels, Sophia completely goes into her dreams, often very different from reality. This makes her blind, not seeing that Molchalin is looking exclusively for the benefit of their "love". "I don't care what is for him, what is in the water!", "Happy hours do not notice."
3) Molchalin is unlikely to understand the concept of "sincere love." Beautiful words are the only way he affects Sophia, for whom this and his ideal fictional image created by her is quite enough. Sofia for Molchalin is the perfect way to get close to her father's money. According to Chatsky, Molchalin is not worthy of love. At the same time, he manages to flirt with Lisa. As a result, for him Sophia is a benefit, Lisa is entertainment.
The past century: Famusov does not believe in the existence of love, since he himself is in love only with his own income. In his opinion, marriage is good connections, climbing the career ladder. "That beggar, this dandy friend, is a notorious wast, a tomboy; What a commission, creator, to be a father to an adult daughter!"
