High jump - a natural and widespread form exercise. It is characterized by short-term powerful muscular efforts of an explosive nature.

With any method of high jump, its main phases are the run-up, repulsion, crossing the bar and landing. The Russian school of high jumps considers a jump as “a complex exercise consisting of several heterogeneous motor structures, characterized by a transition from cyclic movements in the run to acyclic movements in the phases of push and flight” (V. Dyachkov). The modern technique of high jumps is characterized by a significant take-off speed, repulsion power and a rational transition of the bar with a low location of the athlete's body BCT,

Runaway and repulsion. The task of the run is to acquire the necessary horizontal speed by the jumper and prepare for the push. The takeoff angle depends primarily on the way the jump is made. With a "flip" the most favorable angle is 25 - 35 °. When “stepping over” and “rolling”, it exceeds 35 - 45 °, and when jumping in the “wave” way, it is 75 - 90 °. At the initial stages of training, more than sharp corner run - 15 - 25 °. It must also be borne in mind that the faster the run-up and the longer the flight, the sharper the jumper will have to take off at a sharper angle to the bar.

Rice. 1

In all jump methods (Fig. 1), the run-up must be straight, and the feet should be placed along the run-up line without turning the toes outward. Only in in the Fosbury method, the run is performed in an arc. The athlete starts to run perpendicular to the bar, and then on the 3rd - 5th last steps of the run along the arc runs sideways to it. The run-up length usually does not exceed 7-9 running steps (11-14 m). In the Fosbury Flop jumps, the run-up must ensure that the athlete acquires the necessary speed by the time of repulsion. For beginners and schoolchildren, the run-up length will not exceed 5 steps at first. A run in 3 steps is used in training and is educational in nature.

Takeoff speed depends not so much on the method of jumping, but on the level of speed-strength fitness of the athlete, his ability to powerfully perform a push at a particular take-off speed. Athletes using the Fosbury method achieve the highest speed.

Start of run has several options. The most common - the athlete puts one foot behind, and the other in front, at the control mark. Another option - both legs are placed side by side on the same line. Finally, some jumpers start their run from the approach, i.e. take several accelerating steps and start the actual run-up at the moment when they step on the control line.

Rhythm is essential. The take-off speed should continuously increase, reaching its maximum value by the moment of repulsion. The run-up technique is characterized by a wide extension of the legs forward, with their elastic, active setting on the ground. Only the run of jumpers using the Fosbury method is not much different from the usual sprint run and run of long jumpers. The take-off speed increases in parallel with the increase in stride length.

AT run end, 2 - 3 steps before repulsion, a second control mark is made, and preparation for the push begins from it, or, as they say, to enter the push. The length of the last steps increases due to the wide extension of the free leg forward. The foot is placed on the ground from the heel. The longest is the penultimate step, the last one is somewhat shorter. Naturally, the length of the last steps of schoolchildren is much less. However, they also need to achieve the above ratio of steps preceding the push.

The last steps determine the success of the repulsion. The third step from the push is essentially a transition from the preliminary to the final part of the run. It runs faster than the previous steps. The foot is placed on the ground from the heel. The slope of the body is reduced. The second step from the fly leg determines the successful entry into the push. It is here that the pelvis, as it were, is brought under the shoulders, the torso takes a vertical position, and the leg is gently bent at the knee. BCT of the body is reduced. Hands through the sides are laid back.

After the jumper passes the moment of the vertical, with a wide running motion from the hip, an almost fully extended push leg is sent forward, which is placed on the ground from the heel, immediately moving to the entire foot. After short period flexion in the knee joint, the push leg begins to unbend. The repulsion is facilitated by the extension of the torso and the swinging movement of the free leg and arms. At the end of the push, which will be followed by the lift of the athlete from the ground, the push leg and torso are straightened, the arms and swing leg are raised up.

Jumpers, as a rule, use a simultaneous parallel swing with their arms previously laid back. The swing movement of the arms is performed with the elbows forward and ends at the level of the shoulders - the head. At the beginning of the swing, the leg moves up from the hip. Following this, the shin and leg are brought up, partially or completely straightened. With good mobility in the hip joint, it is possible to perform a swing with a fully extended leg. However, with modern significant take-off speeds, even the best jumpers can perform a swing with a bent leg.

Determination of the place of repulsion depends on the angle of take-off and the method of jump. The sharper the angle of take-off, the closer the place of push to the bar and the more favorable the conditions for performing rotation in flight (for the “roll” and “flip” methods). Everything said about the run-up and repulsion applies to all methods of jumping, except for the “fosbury”. In addition to the peculiar conduct of the run, it differs from other methods and the nature of repulsion.

Rice. 2

Flight and landing. The movements of an athlete in flight depend on the method of jumping used by him. "Stepping over" (Fig. 2) is the easiest way to master, which is used on initial stages learning and with which the teacher most often deals physical culture at school. The run is performed at an angle of 35 - 45 0, and repulsion is 50 - 80 cm from the bar. The jumper is sideways to the bar and, performing a push with the foot farthest from the landing pit, then makes a wide swing with his free leg and arms. During take-off, the push leg is freely lowered down for some time, and then, bending the knee up, is pulled up to the bar. The torso occupies a vertical position, and at the end of the take-off, it leans slightly forward - inward. Hands drop down on both sides of the bar. Stepping movements consist in the fact that the swing leg with an energetic movement falls down behind the bar, and the push leg, unbending at the knee, is transferred over the bar with an outward turn. At the same time, the trunk turns towards the pushing leg.

Landing is carried out on the fly leg sideways to the bar. When crossing the bar, it is extremely important to avoid dropping the shoulders back, as this will lower the center of gravity and make it difficult to transfer the legs over the bar.

Rice. 3

The "roll" method(Fig. 3) immediately preceded the appearance of the "flip" way of jumping. The run-up in the "roll" is performed at an angle of 35 - 45 °, and repulsion is 80 - 100 cm from the bar with the foot closest to it. The jumper makes an energetic swing with his free leg and, lying sideways on the bar, pulls the push leg to it. The body of the jumper, already in repulsion, receives an impulse to rotate along the bar. Pulling up to the chest of the push leg and lowering the bar of the fly leg eponymous hand promotes rotation. As a result of this rotational movement along the longitudinal axis, the athlete turns chest down and lands on the pushing leg and arms.

The transition of the plank jumper has a number of options. The most effective is the so-called "dive", when the athlete quickly bends the body in the hip joints, as if diving with his head and shoulders over the bar. Landing ends with a roll to right side torso when pushing off with the left foot).

Rice. 4

In a jump by way of "overlapping"(Fig. 4) the run-up is performed at an angle of 25 - 35 °. Some jumpers also use a sharper takeoff angle. Repulsion is performed 60 - 100 cm from the edge of the landing pit. "Flipover" jump is further development the “roll” method and has much in common with it. Repulsion is performed with the leg closest to the bar. The basis of further movements is the sequential transfer of the fly and push legs through the bar in the prone position to the bar.

Success in the "overlapping" way of jumping depends primarily on the push in combination with the movement of the fly leg, which, dragging the right side of the body with it, contributes to its rotation and transition to a horizontal position. Thus, the basis for the transition of the bar in the "flip" method of the jump is the longitudinal-transverse rotation of the body with its transfer to the position with the chest down towards the bar,

After repulsion, it is important not to lie down prematurely on the bar, but to fully use the lift generated by the push and swing. Finishing the push, the jumper stretches upwards for some time. Following this, he actively sends to the bar right leg and shoulder, only gradually moving to a horizontal position. Rotation contributes right hand(if the repulsion is performed with the left foot), which moves more actively and with a wider amplitude than the left.

At the moment when the right hand is sent over the bar, and the torso rotates across it, the pushing leg is pulled up to the body and bent at the knee joint. The fly leg is extended along the bar. The jumper turns the pelvis along the longitudinal axis and, moving the pushing leg with his knee to the side - up, rolls over the bar. Overcoming the bar is facilitated by “dive” with the head and upper body. Landing occurs on the right shoulder with the transition to the back. A soft landing on the hands and the fly leg is also possible, followed by a roll to the shoulder and right side.

Rice. 5

For fosbury method(Fig. 5) is characterized by an arcuate take-off and the transition of the bar with the back with a transverse position of the body of the jumper. The advantage of the method lies in the relative ease of the transition of the bar and the possibility of better use of the horizontal speed during repulsion.

Already the beginning of the run-up is characterized by greater than usual speed. In terms of technique and rhythm, it is somewhat reminiscent of the run-up of a long jumper and begins at an angle of 65 - 76 ° to the bar. The push is performed without the usual for “overlapping” method of lowering the body’s BCT with a slightly forward leg, which allows the jumper to more rationally use the horizontal speed obtained in the run.

Repulsion occurs when the athlete, after running sideways to the bar on the last 3-5 steps, is located sideways to it. He then turns his back to the bar and, as it were, lies on it, bending in the lower back. When the pelvis crosses the plank, the body of the jumper bends at the hip joints, and the legs are pulled up.

The difficulty of learning to jump in this way, especially in conditions secondary school, lies in the difficulty of landing. The jumper lands on his back, so special equipment is required - the landing site must be covered with a thick layer of foam rubber.

Regardless of the method of overcoming the bar, the high jump consists of from the run-up, take-off, crossing the bar and landing. Modern technology high jump is characterized rational use high take-off speed, powerful repulsion, which is in the nature of a jet-first push, and the transition of the bar with the lowest possible location of the athlete's body BCT.

takeoff run in high jumps is usually 7-9 running steps (11-14m). The angle of take-off in relation to the bar depends on the method of the jump. When “stepping over” and “rolling over”, it is 35-45 °. with a "flip" - 25-35 ° and with a "wave" jump - 75-90 °. The fosbury flop run-up is performed along a curved line. Starting it at an angle of 70-90°, at the end of the run, the athlete, as it were, runs sideways to the bar, reducing the angle to 25-30°.

The run can be performed from a place or from an approach, when the jumper takes several accelerating steps and then, having hit the control mark with his foot, starts running. One of the tasks of the jumper in the takeoff is to acquire the necessary horizontal speed, which should increase gradually, reaching 6.5-7.5 m / s by the time of repulsion.

The first half of the run does not differ from the usual accelerated run. The increase in speed occurs in parallel with the increase in stride length. In the second part of the run, the athlete prepares for repulsion. The length of the last steps increases, and the BCT decreases. The penultimate step in the run is the longest, the last one is shorter. Reducing the last stride allows the athlete to quickly move the body onto the take-off leg, bring the pelvis forward and minimize the loss of run-up speed.

Success in repulsion largely depends on the speed and rhythm of the run. The run-up rhythm has a number of variations. However, any of them is characterized by a gradual increase in speed with an emphasis on acceleration at the end of the run. To mark the run-up, two marks are usually made: one at the beginning of the run-up and the other at the third step from the take-off point.

Push. Repulsion begins from the moment the ground is touched by the pushing leg. The push leg is placed on a support with the heel almost straightened. After depreciation flexion of the leg in the knee joint (up to 130°) and the transition from the heel to the entire foot, its accelerated extension begins. The action of the push forces directed along the vertical is also facilitated by the extension of the torso and the swing of the free leg and arms up. The fly leg can be bent or straightened. Good mobility in the hip joint allows you to perform a wider swing with an almost fully extended leg, which can be considered a positive factor. By the moment of separation from the support, the pushing leg and torso are straightened, the swing leg is raised, the knee is at chest level.

Flight. At first, the jumper maintains a vertical position for some time, somewhat delaying the rotation of the body along the main axes that began during repulsion. At the same time, by relaxing his muscles, he prepares to perform the movements necessary to go over the plank. Next steps jumpers depend on the chosen way of jumping.

Landing. The task of landing is to extinguish the speed of rotation along one axis or another, acquired during repulsion and transition through the bar. The athlete needs to land softly without any injury or pain. The nature of the landing is determined by the method of the jump and can be performed on the fly or push leg, on the leg and arm, on the hands, followed by a roll over the shoulder to the back. The presence of a high pillow made of synthetic material allows landing directly on the back.

The “stepping over” method (Fig. 29) is the simplest, but the least effective. The run is performed at an angle of 35-45 degrees, and the repulsion is 60-80 cm from the edge of the pit with the foot farthest from the bar. Takeoff is carried out sideways to the bar. The fly leg is parallel to it, and the push leg is freely lowered down. Following this, at the highest point of take-off, the actual “stepping over” occurs, when the fly leg goes down, and the push leg goes up with an outward turn. As a result of these movements, the body turns to the bar and the push leg, leans towards the run-up, and the pelvis quickly passes over the bar. At the same time, the hands go down and slightly parted to the sides. The push leg is carried over the bar, and the landing occurs sideways to the bar on the swing leg.

Submitted by admin on Sat, 20/12/2008 - 1:39pm

The run is performed at an angle of 25 - 35 ° to the bar. Repulsion is performed by the foot closest to the bar. The take-off technique is the same as in the “roll” method. The swing is performed with a straight leg widely and freely, creating a rotational moment already at the initial stage of takeoff. Both arms, slightly bent at the elbows, rise simultaneously with the swing leg. The shoulders and torso are retracted, the jumper takes a position along the bar, chest to it.

The push leg is bent at the knee and hip joints, the knee is retracted to the outside, the heel approaches the knee of the fly leg. The jumper crosses the bar with his chest and belly. Due to the movement of the fly leg and the abduction of the push leg outward, a rotational moment is created around the bar. Having taken off above it, the jumper lowers the fly arm and shoulder behind the bar, and takes the opposite shoulder and arm to the side and back behind the back. At the same time, the knee of the pushing leg is retracted, the fly leg is lowered slightly beyond the bar. Landing is carried out on the fly leg and arm, or on the swing part of the body of the jumper, or, with a strong rotational moment, on the back.

Landing by the above methods of jumping usually took place in a hole with loosened sand, 70 cm high. In order not to get injured, the jumpers had to devote a lot of time to learning the landing technique.

High jump

as a type of competitions have been known since ancient times. The history of the development of this type of athletics is closely connected with the evolution of jumping technique.

At first there was a jump from a straight run, legs tucked up. It is the least effective, since the bar to be overcome could be located 35-40 cm below the upper point of the jumper's MCMT flight path. "Stepping over" was a significant step forward in the development of jumping technique. Due to the successive transfer of the fly and push legs through the bar, the athletes were able to overcome a height located 20-25 cm below the BMC. This jumping method remained the leading one for almost 30 years. It was used by the first world record holder R. Michl (167.6 cm, England, 1864).

The invention of the high jump by the "wave" method is associated with the name of M. Sweeney (197 cm, USA, 1895). This method of jumping made it possible to bring the orientation of the body above the bar closer to the horizontal, which made it more effective. The two-meter barrier was overcome in 1912 by a new method of "rolling" (D. Horain, USA). "Roll" made it possible to overcome the bar, located only 10-12 cm below the BMC. It was in this way that until 1936 all world records were set. But in the 30s of the last century, the "roll" had a serious rival - the "flip" way of jumping. In 1936, two American athletes at once - C. Johnson ("roll") and D. Albritton ("flip") overcame a height of 207.6 cm.

Subsequently, until 1968, the dominance of the “flip-over” style was established, due to the high efficiency of crossing the bar, the WMC could be raised only 1 cm above it. Most prominent representatives"Change over" method in this period were: C. Dumas (215 cm, USA, 1956), Yu. Stepanov (216 cm, USSR, 1957), D. Thomas (222.8 cm, USA, 1960 .), V. Brumel (228 cm, USSR, 1963). Champions Olympic Games in Rome (1960) and Tokyo (1964) were the Soviet jumpers R. Shavlakadze and V. Brumel.

The winner of the XIX Olympic Games (Mexico City, 1968) R. Fosbury (USA) demonstrated new way jump, which was called the "fosbury flop". Over the course of 10 years, with varying success, there was a dispute between representatives of two methods of high jump (“flip-flop” and “fosbury-flop”): P. Matzdorf (229 cm, USA, 1971, “flip-flop”), D. Stones (232 cm, USA, 1976, “fosbury flop”), V. Yashchenko (234 cm, USSR, 1978, “flip-flop”).

This dispute was resolved in favor of the “fosbury flop”, all records were subsequently set in this way: J. Vshola (235 cm, Poland, 1980), G. Wessig (236 cm, East Germany, 1980), Ch. Jianghua (239 cm, China, 1984), R. Povarnitsin (240 cm, USSR, 1985), I. Paklin (241 cm, USSR, 1985), P. Sheberg (242 cm, Sweden), X. Sotamayor (245 cm, Cuba, 1993). The advantage of the Fosbury flop style is not only more efficient way transition (WCMT at the level of the bar or even below it), but also at a higher take-off speed.

The first record result for women was recorded in 1926 - 156 cm (Green, Great Britain). Through the efforts of athletes K. Gisolf (162 cm, Holland, 1932), D. Shealy (165 cm, USA, 1932), D. Odem (166 cm, Great Britain, 1939), F. Blankers-Kuhn ( 171 cm, the Netherlands, 1943), S. Lerouille (172 cm, Great Britain, 1951), A. Chudina (173 cm, USSR, 1954) the "ceiling" of records was raised to 173 cm. All of the above athletes used the "step over" method.

Talented athlete I.Balash (Romania), jumping "wave", for 1958-1961. 12 times improved the record, showing a result of 191 cm.

Then came the era of the "toggle" method: I. Gusenbauer (192 cm, Austria, 1971), I. Blagoeva (194 cm, Bulgaria, 1972), R. Akkerman-Vitchas (195-200 cm, East Germany, 1974 -1977).

Above 2 m they jumped using the “fosbury flop” method: S. Simeoni (201 cm, Italy, 1982), W. Meyfart (202 cm, Germany, 1982, 203 cm, 1983), T. Bykov (203 and 204 cm, USSR, 1983, 205 cm, 1984), L. Andronova (207 cm, Bulgaria, 1984), S. Kostadinova (209 cm, Bulgaria, 1987).

Having mastered the rhythm of the steps of preparing for repulsion and the ability to combine the run-up with the direction of the push, you can begin to master more complex ways to overcome the bar. However, having started learning the technique of jumping using the “crossover” method, one should not exclude the “stepping over” method from classes, which well sets up trainees for the correct repulsion in combination with the swing movement of the free leg.

Task 1. Familiarize yourself with the technique of the studied jump. When solving this problem, the same means are used as for other methods of jumping.

Task 2. Learn repulsion techniques.

For training, you can use the following exercises:

Jumping from a direct and lateral run-up to high objects (“goat”, “horse”);

Jumping over the bar from a straight run, pulling up the push leg and landing on the fly leg (take-off jump);

Hanging jumps on the gymnastic wall;

Jumping with reaching a suspended object with a swing leg (Fig. 21).

Rice. 21. Jump with reaching the object with the fly leg

When studying the technique of repulsion, you should apply a run various lengths. This will help you perform it more freely and focus on the preparation for the take-off and its execution. The movement must be performed with good amplitude and straight up.

Task 3. Teach the technique of running in combination with repulsion.

When studying the run, the following exercises are used:

Running along the runway with repulsion up;

Run on marks;

Run under the account (claps);

Takeoff run with "exit" (jump without crossing the bar);

Jumping over the bar with 3, 5, 7, 9 take-off steps with landing on the push leg (“pistol”);

Finding the optimal run.

In each exercise, follow the gradual decrease in the GCM at the penultimate step; pay attention to the run-up mode, achieving its gradual acceleration. For a better mastery of the rhythm of the run-up, it is recommended to count steps with your voice or claps.

Task 4. Teach the technique of crossing the bar and landing.

The following exercises contribute to mastering the technique of crossing the bar in a "flip" way:

Standing facing the gymnastic wall and holding on to it with your hands, pull up the push leg, moving the knee and foot to the side, with the pelvis turning;

The same exercise, but in an emphasis lying down;

With a step of the fly leg, pull the push leg with the heel to the buttock and turn 180 °, then put the push leg on the ground;

Jumps from 1, 3 take-off steps with pulling the push leg with the heel to the buttock and turning 180 °;

The same, but through an obliquely set bar;

Lying on a gymnastic horse (beam), pull the push leg with the foot to the buttock, turn the knee outward and fall off the “horse”;

Jumping in the "flip" way over the bar set at an accessible height.

Task 5. To teach the high jump in the “toss-over” way in general and to improve the technique.

At this stage of learning, individual characteristics involved. When improving the jumping technique, it is necessary to briefly repeat the entire training methodology at each lesson - this helps to better master the jumping technique as a whole.

takeoff run

Mistake
1. Violation of the rhythm of the run
Bug fix
Repeated take-off with a gradual increase in speed

Mistake
2. Lack of straightness in takeoff run

Bug fix
Run along the drawn line

Mistake
3. Missing the place of repulsion
Bug fix
Run-up for individual steps

Mistake
4. Jumping on the pushing leg on the last step
Bug fix
Performing the last steps of the run-up on the marks

Repulsion

Mistake
1. Incomplete extension of the push leg
Bug fix
Jumping with reaching high suspended objects with hand, head

Mistake
2. Tilt the body towards the bar during repulsion
Bug fix
Jumping with a swing of the free leg in the direction of the run

Mistake
3. Swing with a bent leg
4. The move is carried out constrainedly, zvreboshchenno
Bug fix
Free, pendulum-like movements of the fly leg, gradually increasing their amplitude

Mistake
5. Lack of unity of the swing of the arms and legs
Bug fix
Repeat the exercise to master the swing movements

The "toggle" method

Mistake
1. When crossing the plank, the torso is bent in the lumbar region
Bug fix
Repeat the exercise to master the transition through the bar

Mistake
2. Flying leg goes down over the bar prematurely
Bug fix
Hold the fly leg along the bar, push, bent at the knee joint, take it outward as much as possible

Mistake
3. Lack of necessary rotation of the body during the transition of the bar
Bug fix
Jumping over gymnastic equipment (bench, uneven bars, horse): after resting on the hands, alternately transferring the legs.

Historians refer to the first mention of shot put in the middle of the 19th century. It is believed that the shot put must folk games, where various weight-lifting competitions (stones, logs, weights) were held. Documented shot put materials date back to 1839. The first record in this form sports was established by the Englishman Fraser in 1866 and was equal to 10.62 m. In 1868, an indoor shot put competition was held in New York.

At the beginning of the 20th century American R. Rose set a new world record - 15.54 m, which held for 19 years. Rose's height was over 2 m, and his weight was 125 kg. Only in 1928, the proportionately built German athlete E. Hirschfeld was the first in the world to push the shot at 16.04 m. kg, pushed the shot at 17.40 m. For a long time it was thought that throwers should have a large muscle mass and great growth, but no one could have imagined that an athlete weighing 85 kg would beat D. Torrance's record. Negro C. Fonville was able to do this, having an outstanding speed in the shot put. For the nineteen-meter mark, the shot was pushed by P. O-Brien - 19.30 m, who made significant changes in the shot put technique. For the first time, the American D. Long overcame the 20-meter mark, then R. Matson improves the result, bringing it to 21.78 m. 22 meters! Moreover, he uses completely new technology shot put, not from a jump, but from a turn.
Currently, the world record in the shot put belongs to the American R. Barnes - 23.12 m, and for the first time the German W. Timmerman overcame the 23-meter line in 1988. Barnes' record was set in 1990 and has been holding for more than 10 years.

Women began to participate in shot put competitions much later. Officially, in 1922, the first champion of the USSR in this form was determined. And the first official world record was set in 1926 by the Austrian H. Kepll - 9.57 m. In 1938, for the first time, women pushed the shot at the European Championships, and since 1948, women began to participate in this form at the Olympics. In 1969, N. Chizhova at the European Championships showed the result - 20.43 m. At present, the world record belongs to N. Lisovskaya - 22.63 m, set in 1987.

Shot put technique changed throughout history, these are: push from a place, push from a step, push from a jump, push from a jump from a position sideways, push from a jump from a standing position with the back, shot put from a turn. Modern pushers mainly use the technique of shot put from a jump, only some throwers followed in the footsteps of A. Baryshnikov and began to use the technique of shot put from a turn.

When analyzing the shot put technique, the following main elements can be distinguished, which you need to pay attention to.

High jump in the “stepping over” method Completed by: a student of the 8th grade of the GBOU school No. 476 Kucher Anna

The technique of performing a high jump by the “stepping over” method The “stepping over” method is very ancient and, due to its technical simplicity and low demands on the landing site, is used in schools in physical education classes. The main parts of the high jump are: run-up and preparation for repulsion, repulsion, crossing the bar and landing.

Run-up Run-up is performed at an angle to the bar 30-40 0 . The length of the run is 7-9 running steps. When crossing the bar at the penultimate step, the jumper “squats down” a little and with the active movement of the supporting leg sends himself forward, quickly bringing the jogging leg. Phases of the high jump run-up take-off transition over the bar landing

Preparing for take-off The last 2-4 steps are done quickly, increasing leg flexion in the stance phase from the penultimate step.

Repulsion An energetic extension of the fly leg slightly bent at the knee is carried out. The push leg is placed from the heel on the support almost straightened, but the pelvis is brought forward and the jumper instantly switches to a full foot. This movement of the pelvis accelerates depreciation, the jumper actively “rolls” onto the jogging leg. Repulsion occurs with the far foot from the bar.

Having finished the repulsion, the jumper maintains a “take-off pause” for several moments, then, while still flying up, begins to lower his arms and tilt his body forward. By the time the maximum take-off is reached, the jumper seeks to tilt the body as low as possible and lower his arms.

Crossing the bar Above the bar, the fly leg straightens, while the torso strongly leans forward towards the bar. The pushing leg is carried over the bar in an arcuate motion.

Landing Landing should be carried out first on the fly leg, and then on the push leg. The heel of the fly leg touches first. After landing, the jumper only goes forward, along the bar.

EXERCISES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF JUMPING Jumping “in zones” with a touch of a rubber bandage Jumping with reaching an object with a hand Jumping with a head reaching for the ball Jumping from the “repulsion zone” to the “landing zone” “Window jumps” Jumping over several obstacles “Cascade” jumps

EXERCISES FOR THE FLYING LEG pushing the ball with the swing leg swing leg in the prone position swing movements of the leg using a gymnastic wall

GYMNASTIC EXERCISES Having straightened your leg, put it on an elevation: bending your torso, strongly stretch your arms forward; forward lunges followed by springy leg movements; straightening your leg back and putting it on a raised platform, bend back; torso turns with a sweeping movement of relaxed arms; in a standing position, quickly swing the leg back and forth