If you immediately understand the forms of this verb, then use of have has in English seems very simple. Remember at least the verb to be- it has three forms in the present tense. And at to have- just two. It's already fun, isn't it? And if you also correlate the rules of the simple present tense and the form of the verb “to have”, then in general everything falls into place!
The use of have has in English
So what's special about use of have has in English? First, it's important to pay attention to what the subject is in your sentence. It is from this moment that it depends which form of the verb you need to apply. According to the grammar rules has only friends with he, she, it; A have- with all other persons and numbers.
Secondly, do not forget that in addition to statements, there are also questions with negatives. Today it is permissible in negation to simply add not to the corresponding form of the verb to have, and for the question, put the same form in front of the subject who has something in your sentence. Also, you can ask for help from do And does. For negations with he, she, it fit doesn't, and for all others don't. Take out in the question do or does(For he, she, it) in front of the subject.
In other words, the use have has in English is practically no different from other verbs in the present tense. It is only important to remember that there is a form has.
The use of have in English with examples
Like all the other rules use of have in English Better to remember with examples. This is what we will do right now!
|
example |
translation |
|
(+) We have two cars in the garage. |
We have two cars in the garage. |
|
(-) We haven't two cars in the garage. We don't have two cars in the garage. |
We don't have two cars in the garage. |
|
(?) have you a car in the garage? Do you have a car in the garage? |
Do you have a car in the garage? |
|
(+) He has five dogs at home. |
He has five dogs at home. |
|
(-) He hasnt dogs at home. He doesn't have dogs at home. |
He has no dogs at home. |
Verb to have- to have, is the second most important in English, and second only to the verb to be. The fact is that the British and Americans say the word " have"much more often than Russians say the word "have".
For example, we say in Russian:
- I have a car.
- I have a car. - I have a car.
- There is a picture on the wall. - There is a picture on the wall.
And when we want to say that someone has something, we say "he has" - "he has"
- He has a picture- He has a picture.
In the first person and in the plural they say "have", and in the third person singular "has". As you can see, the verb has only two forms "to have" in present time: have And has. We say: I have - I have , translate: I have.
In colloquial speech in place have often say have got, literally got it, got it, started it. That is, instead of I have, They say: I have got. Instead of has They say has got. That is, instead of he has, They say: he has got. Moreover, in fluent speech from the word have only sound remains "ve, but from the word has one sound "s.
- I've got
- He's got
- She's got
- I have a question. - I "ve got a question.- I have a question.
- You have a car - You "ve got a car- Do you have a car.
- He has a hundred rubles - He "s got a hundred rubles- He has 100 rubles.
- She has a lot of friends - She "s got a lot of friends- She has a lot of friends.
- We have little time- We have little time.
- You have a lot of money- We have little time.
If something is missing, then put no before the noun.
- We have no money - We have not got any money- We do not have money.
- They have no questions- They don't have any questions.
- You have no computer - You have not got a computer- You don't have a computer.
- He has no friends- He has no friends.
- Do you have a car?- Do you have a car?
- Have you got a car?- Do you have a car?
- Has she got a computer?- Does she have a computer?
- Have you got a ticket?- Do you have a ticket?
- Have they got any children?- They have children?
- Have you got any time?- Do you have time? (any time)
- What have I got here?- What do I have here?
- What car has he got?- What kind of car does he have?
- How much time have you got?- How much time do you have?
How many?- Ask about what can be counted.
Design have got very popular in English. However, this expression is exclusively colloquial, therefore its abbreviated form is mainly found:
- have got → 've got;
- has got → ‘s got.
In formal written and spoken language have got not used.
This expression has three tasks in English, and each of them has its own characteristics. In this article, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with three meanings have got and learn some interesting set expressions in which this construction is used.
3 have got functions
1. Have got = to have
Design have got used to show that a person or object has something, he possesses something. This is the main meaning of this expression.
We use have got:
- When we describe people, animals or objects.
She ‘s got a soft voice. - She has a soft voice.
Leon 's got a thick mane. - Lions have thick manes.
Flamingo has got a long beak. The flamingo has a long beak.
This table has got only three legs. This table has only three legs.
- When we show that a person has something or something belongs to him.
He 's got a country house. - He has a country house.
She 's got a new edition of this dictionary. She has a new edition of this dictionary.
He 's got a problem. - He has a problem.
I 've got a brilliant idea. - I have a brilliant idea.
- When we talk about relationships with people, relatives.
She 's got many friends. - She has a lot of friends.
He 's got a girlfriend. - He has a girlfriend.
I 've got three brothers. - I have three brothers.
He 's got strained relations with his father. He has a strained relationship with his father.
- When we report what a person is sick with or what hurts him.
I 've got a headache. - I have a headache.
Melanie 's got a temperature. Melanie has a temperature.
She 's got a cold. - She has a cold.
They 've got chickenpox. - They have a windmill.
In this meaning have got is a synonym for the verb to have(have). But it has some limitations. For example, in interrogative and negative sentences with have got you don't need to use an auxiliary verb:
| have | have got | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| I have a raccoon and a fox. | I have got a raccoon and a fox. | I have a raccoon and a fox. |
| I don't have a raccoon and a fox. | I have not got a raccoon and a fox. | I don't have a raccoon and a fox. |
| Do you have a raccoon and a fox? | have you got a raccoon and a fox? | Do you have a raccoon and a fox? |
Design have got shows status so it is not used in group times continuous instead of to have. Also, this function does not use have got in past or future tense.
note that have got cannot be used in set expressions that use a verb have (have breakfast/lunch/dinner, to have a shower/bath, to have a good time), otherwise these expressions will radically change their meaning. Native speakers don't usually say that.
2. Have got = to get, to receive
Design have got is used when we say that we will get something. In this case, it is a synonym for the verbs to get, to receive(get). Here have got can be used in all tenses: present, past and future.
She 's got her new sunglasses by mail. She received her new glasses in the mail.
a child had got a bump when he fell of the tree. The child got a bump when he fell from a tree.
Andy had got good news. Andy got good news.
I will have got an answer in a week. I will get an answer in a week.
3. Have got to = have to
In the third sense have got is a synonym. Like have to, have got shows an obligation to do something. There is no difference between them, but have got more emotionally charged than have to, therefore, expresses obligation more strongly. We usually allocate have got in voice speech.
I 've got to get up early tomorrow. I have a lot of things to do. - I must get up early tomorrow. I have a lot to do.
pam 's got to get to the bank before 9 or she'll be late for work. – Pam must get to the bank before 9, or she'll be late for work.
You 've got to take this road or you'll be stuck in a traffic jam. - You must take this road or get stuck in traffic.
We can't wait any longer. You 've got to be there in 5 minutes. - We can't wait any longer. You must be here in five minutes.
In the meaning of a modal verb have got to cannot be used in past or future tenses. In this case, only have to (had to, will have to).
We can't wait any longer. You had to be here 5 minutes ago. - We can't wait any longer. You must was to be here 5 minutes ago.
Watch the video with the teacher Alex. It will tell you about the features have got in English and tell a few more interesting features of this design.
English idioms with have got construction
- I've got it! - I understand!
First you must stop the car and then switch off the engine. Have you got it? You must first stop the car and then turn off the engine. Do you understand?
- Have got it made- life is good.
He is only 25, but he has his own business. He's got it made. He is only 25, but he already has his own business. Life is good.
- Have got it bad- fall head over heels in love.
He saw her just once but he 's got it bad. He saw her only once, but fell head over heels in love.
- Have got only yourself to blame- to blame only yourself for something.
You overslept and missed the train. You 've got only yourself to blame. You overslept and missed the train. You you can only blame yourself for this.
- Have got eyes like a hawk- to have a diamond eye, a keen eye.
He managed to find a needle in a haystack. He 's got eyes like a hawk! He managed to find a needle in a haystack. Very sharp eye!
- Have got a hand in something- to have a hand in something, to participate in something.
It looks like she 's got a hand in planning the party. - Looks like she put her hand to party planning.
- Have got something on somebody- to have something on someone, to have compromising evidence on someone.
She promised to ruin my life but she 's got nothing on me. She promised to ruin my life, but she nothing on me.
have got- a very useful construction of the English language, as it is often used in live speech. With its help, you can build simple and understandable sentences, and interesting idioms will help you diversify your speech even more. Take the test to learn how to use the expression have got in English.
Test
3 meanings of have got in English
To have is one of the most frequently used verbs in the English language, and, unfortunately, is used incorrectly in many cases.
This verb appears at all levels, but in textbooks information is given separately, and the features of the verb to have are almost never understood in detail and systematized.
Therefore, ideas about the verb to have are ambiguous: many believe that this is a very unusual verb, it has some special forms, questions and negations, whether it is semantic, or auxiliary, has different meanings, then it is translated, then not ...
Indeed, the verb to have is endowed with a mass of meanings (which we will soon consider in this article), so it can be translated in different ways. It is true that it can be both semantic and auxiliary (more on that later).
But its forms are very simple: there are only three of them. In the present tense, have has two forms: have for (I, you, we, they) and has for (he, she, it).
I do not have a yacht. - I don't have a yacht.
He does not have a girlfriend. - He doesn't have a girlfriend.
You didn't have much money. - You didn't have much money.
And now attention: typical mistake. In short answers to general questions, we do not use have, but the auxiliary verb of the time in which the question is asked:
Do you have a yacht? - Yes, I do./No, I don't. (So wrong: Yes, I have./No, I haven't.)
Does he have a girlfriend? - Yes, he does./No, he doesn't. (So wrong: Yes, he has./No, I hasn't.)
Did you have much money? - Yes, we did./No, we didn't. (So wrong: Yes, I had./No, I hadn't.)
2. Relationship.
When we talk about people: about our family or loved ones, then this is more of an attitude than a possession, do you agree? Although the translation would be the same as in the first meaning: "someone (has) someone":
I have two sisters. - I have two sisters.
We have a lot of friends. We (have) many friends.
They have a big family. - They (have) a big family.
Again I emphasize that, speaking in the first two meanings, the verb have is state verb (State Verb). This means that he can not be used in the tenses of the Continuous group. We cannot observe action as such. It would be wrong to say: I am having a car or she is having a brother. Remember that in the meaning of "I have" - only I have .
The second important point. The verb have in meanings own, possess, have in colloquial speech is often replaced by the form have got. About the differences have And have got we will talk in a separate article, which will appear on the blog very soon due to numerous requests from our subscribers. I encourage you to check it out, stay tuned!
3. Actions.
Do you know why there are so many set expressions with the verb have?
The fact is that in addition to its basic meanings described above, it can also replace other verbs, and therefore it has “taken root” in speech in these combinations. Consider examples of expressions in which have - does not mean "to have, own, possess", but replaces another action:
Have in meaning eat (eat) :
Have breakfast/lunch/dinner - have breakfast, lunch, dinner
have a sandwich for breakfast - have a sandwich for breakfast
I will have a salad and some chicken, please. - I will (eat) salad and chicken, please.
What do you have for dinner? - What do you eat for dinner?
He is having his breakfast now. - He's having breakfast now.
Have in meaning drink (to drink) :
Have some coffee / some tea - drink coffee, tea
have a glass of wine - drink a glass of wine
I will have a cup of green tea. - I will (drink) a cup of green tea.
You should have some water if you are hot. - You should drink water if you are hot.
Have in meaning suffer from(suffer from) or experience(experience, experience)
Have a headache - suffer from a headache
have a cold - suffer from a cold
have a cough - suffer from a cough
I am having a terrible toothache! - I have a terrible toothache!
have an accident - survive an accident
have a difficulty - experience difficulties
Have in meaning give birth to(beget):
Have a baby - give birth to a child
She is going to have a baby. - She's going to have a baby.
They want to have three children. - They want to have three children.
Our dog had four puppies. - Our dog gave birth to four puppies.
Have in meaning get(receive, buy):
Have news - get news
have information - get information
have a hometask - get homework
I must have those new shoes! - I have to buy those new shoes!
Have combined with a noun conveys a single short-term action, the meaning of which depends on the noun. It's not hard, see:
Have a walk - take a walk
have a look - look
have a bath / shower - swim
have a talk - talk
have a conversation - talk
have a drink - drink
have a swim - swim
have a ride - ride
have a nap - take a nap
In the above expressions, we have, we mean another verb that is an action verb, so changing the meaning from state to action, the verb have can be used in Continuous group times. What you, by the way, could notice in some examples.
4. Have to - the equivalent of the modal verb must.
If after the verb have there is an infinitive with a particle to, then before you is the equivalent of the modal verb must(should, must). The fact is that must has no forms of past and future tenses.
But after all, we need to talk about obligations not only in the present, but also in the past and in the future tense. And this is where have to comes to the rescue.
It is important to remember that despite the connection with the modal verb and the unusual form, in this sense the verb have continues to be semantic, so it forms negations and questions with the help of the auxiliary verb of the tense you need:
I do not have to work tomorrow. - I don't have to work tomorrow.
We did not have to buy flowers. We didn't have to buy flowers.
He won't have to do much work. He won't have to do a lot of work.
Does she have to pay? - Does she have to pay?
Did you have to cook? - Did you have to cook?
You can learn more about this meaning of the verb have, its use and differences from must.
4. Auxiliary verb in Perfect tenses.
Have in combination with the third form of verbs forms perfect forms. Depending on the time, the form of the verb have, and the third form remains unchanged: in the present tense forms are used (have and has), in the past (had), and in - will have.
You can read in detail about each of these times in the articles devoted to them, but now I would like to clarify the issue of. In the examples that we analyzed above, it was unacceptable to abbreviate the verb have (although sometimes you want to). In the tenses of the Perfect group, since have is an auxiliary verb, it can be abbreviated:
I have - I've - / aɪv /
you have - you've - /juːv/
we have - we've - /wiːv/
they have - they've - /ðeɪv/
He has -he's - /hiːz/
she has - she's - /ʃiːz/
I had - I'd - /aɪd/ (with other pronouns - see above, pronounced by analogy, only the last sound /d/)
In the case of the future tense, have is not abbreviated, we will abbreviate will :
I will have - I'll have - /aɪlhæv/ (with other pronouns - by analogy, just change the pronoun)
And of course, since the verb is auxiliary, have is obligatory for the formation of questions and negations in tenses of the Prefect group, where it is not translated.
How to build questions and negatives, read the thematic articles devoted to each of the tenses.
5. Have something done (Causative).
This paragraph is for more advanced readers, since this construction is usually studied at the Upper-Intermediate level. Here have is again in the role of an auxiliary verb and the whole construction means that something is being done without the participation of the one who acts as the subject. In other words: someone has something done, something is being done for someone.
Here, the present and past and future forms of the verb have are also used, it builds negations and questions and is present in short answers.
Read more about the design.
In conclusion, let's summarize: the use of the verb have is determined by its meaning and role: it is semantic or auxiliary. All important findings are summarized in the table:
Now, when you meet or use the verb to have, you will know why it is used in this way and not otherwise: you will understand why you cannot shorten it or build a negation with it.
If verbs in the grammar of any language denote the performance of an action of an object, then the function of modal verbs is to show the attitude of the speaker to the ongoing action. And it, in turn, will be expressed in various ways.
Everything you need to know about the verb have
The topic of this article is devoted to the verb had, but you cannot start studying the topic without realizing that this verb is only the past form of the verb have. In order to learn about the verb had, you need to have an idea about have. This verb is the most important in English. It is important not only because in conversation we often talk about our property, but also because it is often found in set phrases and is never literally translated. Had is one of the variants of have, which is involved in the formation of some languages. The verb have is used in 4 ways.
1. Has its direct meaning, that is, it acts as it is translated have. For example, to say "I have a lot of friends", the English say I have a lot of friends. That is, literally this sentence can be translated as "I have many friends."
2. Occurs in stable phrases and expressions. Here, this verb no longer has a translation have. This is because set phrases do not have a literal translation. Here are a few expressions that come up quite often.
2.1 Statements about eating:
Have a tea - drink tea, not have tea.
2.2 Expressions related to dates and appointments:
Have a date - make a date, not have a date.
2.3 Statements about appearance:
Have a haircut - cut your hair.
2.4 Communication:
Have a talk - to talk, to have a conversation.
2.5 Health:
Have a baby - give birth to a baby.
Have a headache - a headache.
2.6 Travel:
Have a walk - go for a walk or take a walk.
3. Occurs as a modal verb have to.
The had variant is found in the Past Simple, Perfect and Perfect Continuous tenses.
What are the modal verbs in English
In English, the following must, need, shouldd, have to, may, need, dare, might, be to, shall, ought, have got to are considered modal.
If modal verbs like have, be, and should are auxiliary, then have, get, need, and be are meaningful.
Functions of modal verbs
As you know, modal verbs are intended to indicate the relationship of the narrator to a particular action. So you should consider the functions that modal verbs express during a conversation.
1. Physical possibility. For example, Helen is 20 years old. She can be in full employment. - Elena is 20 years old. She may be employed full time. That is, according to the law, she is allowed, and she has the right to do so.
2. Expresses the inability to perform a certain action. For example, Mike can't swim. - Mike can't (or can't) swim.
3. Expresses the need (duty) for action. - We must respect our parents. We must (must) respect our parents.
4. Expresses lack of necessity. We do not have to buy products. - So we don't have to buy groceries. It is not necessary.
5. Expresses a ban on action. Jack must not do it. - Jack shouldn't be doing this. That is, he is forbidden to perform a certain action.
6. Expresses confidence in action. He should be glad. - He must be glad. The speaker is sure of it.
7. Expresses probability. They ought to be in now. They are probably inside (the building) now.
8. Expresses a hypothetical possibility. The weather can get cold in October. - It can get colder in October. That is, it is theoretically possible.
9. Express a request for permission to perform an action. Can I open the window? - Can I open the window?
10. Expresses prohibition or permission. She may not use my laptop. - She can't use my laptop. You may use my phone. - You can use my phone.
How the verb had is used in English
In fact, it is have in the past tense. As you know, have to is a modal verb, or to be more precise, the equivalent of must. Must, in turn, has a very strong meaning, which denotes the obligation to perform a certain action. Based on the foregoing, it is concluded that have to, being the equivalent of must, is also one of the hard verbs. If these verbs are encountered during the conversation, then this is not a request, but an order!
Let's give examples of the use of have to in different tenses, pay attention to the tense in which the verb had is used.
She has to do it. - She has to make time).
She had to do it. - She had to do it (past tense).
She will have to do it. She will have to do it (future tense).
In the second sentence, the modal verb had to is used in the past tense.
Difference between must and have to
The modal verb must is used for personal feelings. Let's give an example: I must do it. I have to do it. This example shows that the narrator is expressing his feelings about a certain action.
I have to visit my dentist. Here it is shown that the speaker has problems with his dental health and needs to visit his dentist. It shows a fact, but not any personal emotions and feelings.
But often the line when using these two modal verbs is so thin that people start to get confused when using them. In such situations, it is better to use have to.
It should be remembered that, unlike have to, the modal verb must has no past tense. Thus, the equivalent of have to can be used in all forms, including the past tense. In the past tense, have to becomes the modal verb had to.
I had to visit my girlfriend. In this tense, you cannot use the verb must. Since it is past, the verb had is used here.
The use of the verb had in the negative form
The negative form of the verb had becomes have. To understand why had becomes have, it is enough to recall the rule of the past tense. The verb had is used in the past tense, which means that when negated, it is preceded by did not, which means that had turns into have.
In British English, in interrogative sentences, the verb to have almost always comes before the subject, but in American English, the question begins with the word Do. This also applies to the negative form. Let's take a simple example:
Have you two sisters? - here is the British version.
In the American version, this question would begin with Do: Do you have two sisters?
Also, the verb Had can be found in the formation of a sentence in Present Perfect tense. It should be recalled that this tense expresses an action that began in the past and continues or ended at the time of the conversation. As you can see, this rule contains the past tense, which means that the verb Had found its time here.
It should be remembered that in the use of had the tense of the verb should only be past. This means that it cannot be used during a conversation in the present and even more so the future tense.
In what tenses is the verb had used?
The fact that the verb had is used in the past tense is already clear, it is worth analyzing the use of had in the formation of two more English tenses.
To form the Past Perfect tense, the following construction is necessary:
the verb had (past tense) + the verb in the third form, and more simply, the third column of irregular verbs.
Let's take an example, I had never seen him before - hence it is clear that the verb seen is the third form of the verb see - to see.
The Past Perfect Continuous is not the most common of all English tenses. This time can only be found in books. But it is worth studying in order to understand the whole tense system of the English language.
Time is formed using the verb Had been + ing.
For example, We had been feeling well for some time.
That, in fact, is all that concerns the topic of the verb have and its past form had.
