The first significant collaboration between Ilf and Petrov was the novel The Twelve Chairs, published in 1928 in the journal 30 Days. In the same year, the novel was published as a separate book. The novel immediately won the recognition of readers.
The story of the search for Madame Petukhova's jewels hidden in one of the twelve chairs, which in the plot sense did not represent novelty, did not have a self-contained significance in the novel. Its merit lay in the multitude of satirical characteristics, scenes and details brilliant in execution, the material for which was topical life observations.
Ilf and Petrov created a bright, sparkling character, the image of which is still relevant and popular with the reader - the main character of the novel, Ostap Bender, a great schemer, a rogue, a subtle psychologist who plays on the vices of man and the imperfection of society. Ostap is a man who so contradictory combined shamelessness and - charm, arrogance and - subtle humor, cynicism and - unexpected generosity.
Along with the presentation of the process of finding chairs, the authors open before us a panorama of the miserable little world of the inhabitants of that time. These are the “cannibal” Ellochka Shchukina, whose vocabulary was thirty words, and the master of witticisms, Absalom Vladimirovich Iznurenkov, and the “poet” Nikifor Lyapis-Trubetskoy, who sold his third-rate poems about the many-sided Gavrila to various tabloid publications:
And so, in the end, the chair was found, but - alas ... The diamonds managed to turn into a chic house of culture.
At the end of the novel, Kitty Vorobyaninov, overwhelmed by greed, cuts the throat of the great strategist with a razor. The authors, as they themselves write in their memoirs, had a major quarrel over the following issue: should they kill the main character of "12 Chairs" Ostap Bender or leave him alive? The fate of the hero was decided by lot. Two pieces of paper were placed in the sugar bowl, on one of which a skull and two chicken bones were depicted with a trembling hand. The skull came out - and in half an hour the great strategist was gone.
Readers disagreed with this ending. In numerous letters they demanded that Ostap's life be extended. And the authors did not let the hero die.
Both novels by Ilf and Petrov are replete with phrases that later became catchphrases: “I will command the parade!”, “The ice has broken, gentlemen of the jury!”, “The key to the apartment where the money is”, “Money in the morning - chairs in the evening”, “ Saving the drowning is the work of the drowning themselves”, “Foreign countries will help us!”, “A car is not a luxury, but a means of transportation”, “Breathe deeply: you are excited!”, “Saw, Shura, saw!” and etc.
Just like The Twelve Chairs, The Golden Calf is a satirical novel. But this does not fully exhaust its originality. The satire here is merged with humor. In a cheerful, mischievous, mocking narration, the live voice of the authors is directly felt all the time - uniquely witty and restrainedly lyrical.
The one who begins to separate satire from others will be deeply mistaken literary genres and childbirth. We can say that satire is lyrics driven to rage, slaying lyrics.
This is how the novels of Ilf and Petrov appear before us - merciless, but not hopeless, striking and - humane. They not only draw characters with "distorted" moral character, with a flawed nature, but also reminds of what a person can and should be.
It is customary to judge the maturity of satirical and humorous literature, its aesthetic quality by the level of development of prose. AT prose genres the satirist is given the opportunity to unfold a wide panorama of modern reality, draw a multi-colored picture of morals, reflect the struggle of the new with the old in all its complexity. Not without reason the greatest masters of the satirical art of the word gravitated toward the epic, acted as novelists. To be convinced of this, one has only to name the immortal books "Don Quixote", "Gargantua and Pantagruel", "Gulliver's Travels", " Dead Souls". AT Soviet literature successful attempts were made to create large satirical canvases on modern material.
In the 1920s and early 1930s, A. Tolstoy, I. Ehrenburg, Yu. Olesha, V. Kataev searched in this direction. As a feuilletonist and playwright, V. Kataev, the author of the book “The Lonely Sail Turns White,” imbued with light lyricism, gave a lot of energy and talent to the muse of fiery satire. The collection "Peas Against the Wall" resurrects this glorious page in the biography of V. Kataev. A humorous stream, subtle irony, a sly smile color all the work of this great artist, who, by the way, was " godfather» Ilya Ilf and Evgenia Petrova.
Ilya Ilf (left) and Evgeny Petrov.
Illustration for the novel by I. Ilf and E. Petrov "The Golden Calf".
The authors of the novels The Twelve Chairs (1928) and The Golden Calf (1931) deserve love and recognition a wide range Soviet and foreign readers. Ilf and Petrov, having conceived a great story, turned, it would seem, to a topic as old as the world. The thirst for wealth, an insatiable and irrepressible passion for money overwhelm the characters of these novels, determine the behavior and actions of Ostap Bender and his “comrades-in-arms”. "The Twelve Chairs" and "The Golden Calf" are unique, fundamentally innovative works in world literature, by no means similar to, say, a traditional picaresque novel. During the years of the great socialist reorganization of the world and human souls value is being reassessed. Convincingly and witty, Ilf and Petrov talk about the collapse of the old psychology, about the irreversible processes that lead to the death of the bourgeois world, based on the anti-human laws of individualism. A gallery of brilliantly outlined types - fragments of the system shattered by the revolution - passes before the reader's eyes. Laughing at them, we are convinced: there is no return to the past! The main character of the novel is Ostap Bender, a swindler and swindler. The authors treat him with irony, but their satire is not directed against Ostap alone. Next to this enterprising, broken, resourceful, energetic and witty man, "the great strategist", his insignificant "colleagues" are swarming around. Ostap is several heads taller than yesterday's gentlemen who went into internal emigration, as well as the newly-minted bourgeois - Nepmen and "underground millionaires." The pursuit of the jewels hidden in one of the twelve chairs was the pursuit of a ghost. The future turned out to be a mirage, which Bender painted for himself in rainbow colors, dreaming of getting a million. In the end, he also realizes that there is real life but she passes him by. In our country, working people are happy and respected, but Koreiko, with his millions acquired by fraudulent means, is disgusting, pitiful and ridiculous ...
"The Twelve Chairs" and "The Golden Calf" in their own way reflected real life at a certain stage of the country's development. For a long time there are no "crow settlements", many types and phenomena captured by satirists have disappeared. But far from all the "dark spots" of the past have yet been removed. The novels of Ilf and Petrov teach to unmistakably recognize the old in the new, be it petty-bourgeois narrow-mindedness, philistine stupidity, greed, inertia. The pages that expose bureaucracy, opportunism, careerism, hack-work and simply stupidity in its various manifestations have not lost their sharpness.
New generations of readers grow up, and the novels of Ilf and Petrov become their favorite books. What is the secret of the unfading youth of these works? Cheerfully, witty and at ease, writers talk with the reader about very important things - about the meaning of life, about the goal human existence, clearly reveal the advantages of the new, socialist system, new morality Soviet people.
SATIRICAL NOVEL - see Satire and Roman.
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- - satirical adj. 1. ratio with noun. satire 1., 2. associated with him 2. Containing satire. 3. Peculiar to satire, satirist, characteristic of them. ott. Ridiculously mocking, ironic...
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- - SATIRICAL oh, oh. satirique adj. 1. Rel. to a satire work; containing satire. satirical poster. satirical verses. BAS-1...
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- - satirical character of satire; peculiar to satire; mocking, sarcastically ironic...
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Word forms
"Satiric novel" in books
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Find time for yourself and a nice book. And it doesn't matter that it's cold and gray outside. We offer you 10 satire books that will make you smile.
1. Ilya Ilf and Evgeny Petrov - "12 chairs"
The novel by Ilf and Petrov "The Twelve Chairs" is rightfully considered the standard of satire and humor. Unanimously loved by all readers, this novel entered the golden fund of Russian and world literature. The search for Madame Petukhova's diamonds, hidden in one of the chairs of the furniture set, is a story that still causes a sincere smile to this day. The names of the characters - charming adventurers - became a household name, and the novel itself was sold into quotations, having withstood hundreds of successful reprints and deservedly earned the fame of an unfading bestseller.
2. George Orwell - "Cattle Farm"
“All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others” is probably the most famous phrase from George Orwell's classic parable about the collapse of revolutionary hopes. The tragic meaning of "Animal Farm" emerges through a vivid parody drawing. In this book, Orwell managed to accomplish two tasks set for himself back in 1936: “to expose Soviet myth and "make political prose an art". Orwell's parable, published in 1945, is published in a new translation.
3. Yaroslav Gashek - "The Adventures of the Good Soldier Schweik"
"The Adventures of the Good Soldier Schweik" is perhaps one of the most original books in the entire history of prose of the 20th century. A book that can equally be perceived as one big, full of absolutely inimitable folk slyness "soldier's tale" - or as classic literature of the past century.
Funny? Funny homeric! But very often, through the groovy and daring humor of the "garrison anecdote" true essence"Soldier Schweik" is a desperate and powerful call to "lay down your arms and think"...
4. Joseph Heller - Catch-22
Joseph Heller, with his first novel, Catch 22, literally burst into American literature post-war years. "The world has gone mad", and this is especially evident in the example of the life and customs of the military pilots of the American Squadron. Caustically, and sometimes quite harshly, the army described by J. Heller - strange world, full of bureaucratic tricks and nonsense. No one knows exactly what the so-called "Amendment 22" is. But, contrary to all logic, army discipline requires its strict implementation. The bureaucratic machine paralyzes common sense and turns individuals into a faceless, dull mass.
5. Evelyn Waugh - "Vile Flesh"
Journalists and preachers, racing drivers and aristocrats, ministers and young playboys… They rush through life and through the pages of the novel in a whirlwind of balls, masquerades and parties – Victorian, cowboy, Russian, circus. This, at the behest of the author, appears England in the short interval between the two great wars.
6. Francois Rabelais - "Gargantua and Pantagruel"
Romance of the great French writer François Rabelais "Gargantua and Pantagruel" largest monument era French Renaissance. The book is built on a broad folklore basis, it contains a satire on fantasy and adventurous heroics of old chivalric novels.
7. Christopher T. Buckley - "Smoking Here"
“Smoking Here” is a satirical novel with elements of a thriller. The hero of the novel, a public representative of the tobacco lobby, skillfully and cynically fights the opponents of smoking, convincingly proving the usefulness of the latter. The special piquancy is given to the novel by the episodic appearance on its pages worldwide. famous people, only in rare cases covered with transparent aliases.
8. Charles Bukowski - Waste Paper
"Waste paper" - last novel Bukowski, his swan song is simply contraindicated for readers without a sense of humor! This is really a special kind of banter dedicated to “ bad literature". The plot of the book itself is devoid of dynamics, devoid of intrigue, devoid of everything, but that is why it is infinitely brilliant. The main advantage of "Waste Paper" is the style of narration. The descriptions and dialogues of the novel are filled with an atmosphere of dirt, violence and fear. At the same time, Bukowski literally parodies genuine pulp fiction with every sentence. And although the author's style is utterly simplified - I would like to note an amazing sense of humor, which will definitely appeal to readers who have this sense.
9. Kurt Vonnegut - "God bless you, Mr. Rosewater, or Don't throw pearls before swine"
One of the most amusing, witty and ironic novels of the great Vonnegut.
Everyday phantasmagoria in this eccentric and caustic work is closely intertwined with a satire on the life and customs of America's "golden age" of the late fifties - early sixties of the last century so closely that it is almost impossible to separate them.
So, welcome to the fund of an eccentric millionaire who indulges in philanthropy and a passion for voluntary firefighting clubs.
Is he insane? This is trying to prove brisk lawyers hired by his relatives. He is healthy? Oddly enough, psychiatrists are sure of this ... So what is happening to the venerable Mr. Rosewater after all?
10. O'Henry - "Kings and Cabbage"
O. Henry is an outstanding American novelist of the early 20th century, famous for his brilliant humorous stories, a master of unexpected comparisons and unforeseen, paradoxical outcomes. Artistic expressiveness combined with subtle observation, liveliness and conciseness of the narrative, inexhaustible wit, love for people - this is what brought O. Henry the unchanging recognition and love of readers. This edition presents the story "Kings and Cabbage", consisting of adventurous and humorous short stories, the action of which takes place in Latin America, but instead of kings he has presidents, and instead of cabbages - palm trees.
