"Anna Snegina"- autobiographical poem by Sergei Yesenin, written in January 1925. The basis was the poet's memories of visiting his native village, about the revolution, about unrequited love in early years. Has a dedication to A. Voronsky. For the first time, excerpts from the poem were published in the spring of 1925 in the magazine "City and Village", but in full it was first published in the newspaper "Bakinskiy Rabochiy" in two issues (No. 95 and No. 96) on May 1 and 3.
Characters
- Sergush - main character from whose perspective the story is being told. This is the image of Yesenin himself, but there is no complete coincidence between the hero of Anna Snegina and Yesenin himself.
- Anna Snegina(prototype: L.I. Kashina)
- Pron Ogloblin one of the villagers collective image. The prototype of the hero was a fellow villager of the poet, a worker of the Kolomna plant Pyotr Yakovlevich Mochalin. Mochalin possessed great organizational skills and was a passionate agitator. As it turned out later, Mochalin "was a delegate of the First All-Russian Congress peasant deputies<...>Full of impressions from Lenin's ideas, Mochalin returned to his native village, engaged in propaganda work. After the Great October Revolution, he was the military commissar of Kolomna, chairman of the executive committee of the Kolomna Soviet.
- charioteer, miller, miller's wife and etc. - typical representatives countryside that the protagonist meets on his trips to the village.
- Labutya- Pron's brother
Plot
The young poet (the author himself is implied) returns to his native village of Radovo (the poet himself came to his native Konstantinovo in the summer of 1917-1918), tired of the stormy revolutionary events. The hero notes what changes have taken place in his village. Soon he meets with peasants from Kriushi, in particular with Pron Ogloblin. They ask the famous poet, who arrived from the capital, about the state of affairs, about who Lenin is.
Later, a young landowner Anna Snegina comes to the poet, with whom he was in love at the age of sixteen. They remember the past, youth, their dreams.
After some time, Sergusha arrives in Kriush at the request of Pron and becomes involved in a riot: Kriush peasants demand that Snegina give up the land. The news comes that Borya, Snegina's husband, was killed in the war. Snegina is angry with the poet whom she trusted.
The land goes to the peasants. Time passes. Anna, asking for forgiveness for the offense, leaves with her mother. The main character returns to Petersburg. And after a while he receives a letter from the miller, which says that Pron Ogloblin was shot by Denikin's detachment. Arriving to visit the miller, the poet receives a second letter from Anna from London.
History of creation
The poem "Anna Snegina" was written by S. Yesenin during his 2nd trip to the Caucasus in 1924-1925. During this trip, Yesenin visited Baku, Tiflis, Batumi. The rough autograph of the poem contains a note: "1925 Batum".
Caulfield Holden- a sixteen-year-old boy from the generation of teenagers of the 50s. Although he himself does not like to talk about his parents and "any kind of David Copperfield dregs", he exists primarily in his family ties. His father, a man with an Irish surname, was a Catholic before marriage. His parents are of different faiths, but apparently consider this fact insignificant. X. is not characterized by religiosity, although he believes in the boundless kindness of Christ, who, in his opinion, could not send Judas to hell, and cannot stand the apostles. X. is the second child in a family with four children. The elder brother of X. - D. V., - who wrote beautiful stories, works in Hollywood and, according to X., is wasting his talent. During the war, he stuck around in the army for four years like a damned one, drove the general in a staff car and hated army service more than war. To younger brothers- X. and Alli - he said that if he had to shoot, he would not know who to shoot at. The second brother of X., the red-haired Alli, was younger than X. by two years and, as X. believed, was fifty times smarter than him. Alli loved poetry to such an extent that he wrote lines from Emily Dickenson, who lived by the stream, on his baseball mitt; he was very nice, he liked to laugh. In X.'s perception, Alli was a real sorcerer, because X. often felt when Alli looked at him. Alli died of leukemia, and then X., who was thirteen years old, broke all the windows in the garage with his bare hand, ended up in the hospital, and then his hand ached all the time and he could not squeeze it tightly. The youngest in the family was ten-year-old Phoebe, to whom X was touchingly attached. X. is very sensitive to falsehood and values sincerity above all else in relationships. He hates cinema because it spoiled his older brother, who, while living at home, was a real writer. X. even refuses to appear in a short film when he is invited to shoot as a first-class golfer. In the cinema, he is jarred by the unnatural behavior of the actors. He understands that it is from the action movies that his fantasies about the methods of reprisal against offenders come. He has his own idea of what Hamlet should be - "an eccentric, a little crazy" - and he does not like Laurence Olivier in this role, who looks more like some kind of general. More X. likes the episode in which Polonius gives advice to Laertes, while Ophelia incessantly indulges: either she takes the dagger out of the scabbard, or teases him, and Laertes pretends to listen to annoying advice. Due to intolerance to falsehood, X. cannot get along in any of the schools, already studying in the fourth in a row (as was the case with the writer himself), but he is also excluded from it, because he does not accept much in both teachers and students , and in the existing school order.
(Based on the novel by J. Salinger "The Catcher in the Rye")
If someone called someone
Through the thick rye
And someone hugged someone
What will you take from him?
And what do we care
If at the boundary
Kissed someone
In the evening in the rye!..
Fragments of the poem, taken as an epigraph to the composition, belong to the famous Scottish poet Robert Burns. The line from the poem that gave the name to Salinger's work was heard in a conversation between Holden, the protagonist of the novel, and Phoebe. "If you've caught someone in the rye tonight..." Holden says, altering the original slightly. "You see, I imagined how little children play in the evening in a huge field, in rye. Thousands of kids and around - not a soul, not a single adult, except me. And I'm standing on the very edge of a cliff over an abyss, you understand? And my business - to catch the kids so that they don't fall into the abyss."
Jerome Dryvyad Salinger - American novelist,
one of the most talented representatives of the "new wave" of writers who came to literature after the Second World War. In 1951 it was published the only novel"The Catcher in the Rye", which brought world fame to the author.
At the center of the novel is a problem that is invariably relevant for every generation of people - the entry into life. young man facing the harsh realities of life.
Salinger's character Holden Caulfield is a kind of symbol of purity and sincerity for a whole generation of high school and college graduates. His naivete, thirst for truth oppose the hypocrisy and falsehood that prevail in society.
The hero of the novel, a seventeen-year-old boy, dreamed that someday a writer would finally appear with whom he would like to contact by phone, consult and generally talk heart to heart.
I am now also seventeen years old, which is why I chose this particular work for my composition. I really like this novel and its characters.
Holden Caulfield was one of the first to dare to accuse contemporary America of complacency, hypocrisy, and spiritual callousness. The main accusation that Salinger's hero throws at the world around him is the accusation of falsehood, of deliberate, and therefore especially disgusting pretense.
At the beginning of the novel, the range of everyday observations of the hero is rather narrow, but the examples given are too vivid to be neglected. Here Holden recalls the director of one of the private schools where he studied. The director smiled sweetly at everyone and everyone, but in fact he knew very well the difference between the rich and poor parents of his wards.
After many reminders and warnings, Holden is expelled from Pansy for academic failure and faces a bleak journey home to New York. In addition, as the captain of the school fencing team, he had just disgraced himself in the most unforgivable way. In the subway car, he distractedly left sports equipment
their comrades, and the entire team was removed from the competition. There is something to be discouraged from and to perceive everything around you exclusively in a gloomy light.
But, perhaps, Holden Caulfield is in some way a young misanthrope, grumbling to the whole world for reasons of a purely selfish nature?
At times, Holden allows himself very unforgivable antics: he can blow cigarette smoke into the face of his sympathetic interlocutor, insult his girlfriend with a loud laugh, yawn deeply in response to the friendly exhortations of a teacher located towards him. "No, I'm still crazy, honestly", - these words do not accidentally sound like a refrain in Salinger's novel.
However, on the other hand, Holden Caulfield's age-related maximalism is understandable, his insatiable thirst for justice and openness in human relations is understandable.
Holden is by no means a well-behaved young gentleman; he is both lazy and unnecessarily deceitful, inconsistent and selfish. But the genuine sincerity of the hero, the willingness to tell about everything without concealment, compensate for the many shortcomings of his still unsettled character.
Looking into the future, he sees nothing but that gray routine that has already become the lot of the vast majority of his compatriots, the so-called prosperous average Americans.
So, Holden's internal crisis is growing, his psyche cannot stand it, nervous breakdown, but Holden's mind works clearly, and he is visited by thoughts unusual for him before. In the last chapters of the novel, he already looks much more tolerant and reasonable. Holden begins to notice and appreciate such positive traits as friendliness, cordiality and good breeding, so common among his fellow citizens in everyday communication.
Holden's rebellion is brought to its logical conclusion not by himself, but by his younger sister Phoebe, ready to rush towards a new life.
The Caulfield brother and sister remain in New York because
that it is always easier to run than, having gathered courage, to continue to defend the humanistic ideal - simple, obvious and difficult to achieve, like all the romantic dreams of youth.
The revolt of the protagonist of J. Salinger's novel "The Catcher in the Rye"
■ "The Catcher in the Rye" - central work Salinger's prose, on which the author worked during the war. Before us is America in the early 50s, that is, the post-war period, the mood of which corresponds to the psychological atmosphere of the novel.
Salinger chooses the form of the confessional novel, the most expressive of the possible novel forms. Seventeen-year-old Holden Caulfield, the protagonist of the story, while recovering in a sanatorium for nervous patients, tells what happened to him about a year ago, when he was sixteen years old. The author introduces the reader to the hero at the moment of an acute moral crisis, when a collision with others turned out to be unbearable for Holden. Outwardly, this conflict is due to several circumstances. First, after many reminders and warnings, Holden is expelled for poor performance from Pansy, a privileged school - he has a bleak journey home to New York. Secondly, Holden also disgraced himself as the captain of the school fencing team: out of absent-mindedness, he left his comrades' sports equipment in the subway, and the whole team had to return to school with nothing, since it was removed from the competition. Thirdly, Holden himself gives all sorts of reasons for difficult relationships with comrades. He is very shy, touchy, unkind, often just rude, trying to maintain a mocking, patronizing tone in conversation with his comrades.
However, Holden is not most oppressed by these personal
circumstances, and reigning in American society the spirit of general deceit and distrust between people. He is outraged by "window dressing" and the absence of the most elementary humanity. There is deceit and hypocrisy all around, "linden", as Holden would say. They lie in a privileged school in Pansy, declaring that it "has been forging brave and noble youths since 1888", in fact, raising narcissistic egoists and cynics, convinced of their superiority over others. Lying teacher Spencer, assuring Holden that life is an equal "game" for everyone. "Good game! .. And if you get to the other side, where there are only muffins, what kind of game is there?" Holden reflects. For him sport games, which are so fond of in schools, become a symbol of the division of society into strong and weak "players". The young man considers cinema to be the center of the most terrible "linden", which is a consoling illusion for the "muff".
Holden suffers heavily from hopelessness, the doom of all his attempts to build his life on the justice and sincerity of human relations, from the inability to make it meaningful and meaningful.
More than anything, Holden is afraid of becoming like all adults, adapting to the surrounding lies, which is why he rebels against "window dressing".
Random meetings with a fellow traveler on the train, with nuns, conversations with Phoebe convince Holden of the precariousness of the position of "total nihilism." He becomes more tolerant and reasonable, in people he begins to discover and appreciate friendliness, cordiality and good breeding. Holden learns to understand life, and his rebellion takes on a logical conclusion: instead of fleeing to the West, Holden and Phoebe remain in New York, because now Holden is sure that it is always easier to run than to stay and defend his humanistic ideals. He does not yet know what kind of personality will come out of him, but he is already firmly convinced that "man alone cannot" live.
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