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Literary map of the Tver region. Alexander Efimovich Izmailov

Literary map of the Tver region. Alexander Efimovich Izmailov

22.02.2019

Izmailov, Alexander Efimovich

Fabulist and journalist, b. April 14, 1779, died in January 1831, buried at the Smolensk cemetery. Brought up in Gorny cadet corps. Signed up for military service as a child, Izmailov was already promoted to sergeant in 1791, but at the end of the course in the corps he quit military service and entered the Expedition on State Revenues. Here, by zealous service, he attracted the attention of Emperor Alexander I, and in 1806 he was promoted to court adviser. Upon the transformation of the expedition in the Department of the State Treasury in 1821, Izmailov took the place of the head of the department in it. In 1826 he was appointed vice-governor in Tver, and in 1828 he was transferred to Arkhangelsk. In 1829 he was appointed an official special assignments at the Ministry of Finance. In 1830, due to poor health, Izmailov left the service, but lack of funds forced him to accept a position as a teacher of literature in the Corps of Pages.

The literary activity of A. E. Izmailov began early; his first works that appeared in print were: the poem "Death", translated from Malherbe (published in the March book of the St. Petersburg Journal of 1798) and the story: "Eugene, or the Pernicious Consequences of Bad Education and Community", 2 hours St. Petersburg 1799-1801), written when the author was, as he later said, only 18 years old. Living from his youth in St. Petersburg, Izmailov revolved in the circle of those writers who made up the Free Society lovers of literature, sciences and arts, approved by the Highest on July 15, 1801, Izmailov was its member, and from 1822 until the end of the existence of this society (1824) - its chairman. In 1816, Izmailov was elected a member of the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature at Moscow University and at the same time was a member of the Free Society of Lovers of Russian Literature, which was formed in St. goodness". Izmailov himself published magazines: "Flower Garden", in 1809 in co-editorship with A.P. In addition, he edited during 1817 "Son of the Fatherland", during the trip of N. I. Grech abroad; published "Calendar of the Muses", two books, for 1826 and 1827. and, as a friend of Π. A. Nikolsky, published after his death the last two books of his "Pantheon of Russian Poetry" (1817). As a writer, A. E. Izmailov should be classified as secondary. His talent, predominantly satirical, manifests itself with the greatest force in the depiction of worldly vulgarity, low and rude characters; Izmailov draws them with cynical realism. He was nicknamed the Russian Tenier. Biggest success had his fables, which gave him the honorary title of "Krylov's friends" and withstood many editions (1st in 1814, 8th in 1891). Rough realism and rationality, being the essential properties of Izmailov as a writer, saved him from the extremes of the sentimental trend, although he was one of the first followers of Karamzin. Personally respecting Zhukovsky, Izmailov, as a critic, persecuted the romantics. With a limited education and a shallow mind, he did not like philosophical abstraction in the field of literary criticism was limited exclusively to French theories (Batte, Boileau, La Harpe). - As a person, A.E. Izmailov left the best memory for himself with his honesty, truthfulness and kindness. He sought out the poor, helped them himself, and woke public charity with his articles. - His works were published for the first time in St. Petersburg in 1826, again in the same place in 1849 and finally in Moscow in 1890-1891.

Gennadi, "Reference Dictionary" and a review of it by V.I. Saitov in "Zhur, Min. Nar. Pr." 1880, October: Letters from Izmailov in "Slavyanin" 1828, parts VII and VIII, "Northern Bee" 1833, No. 25, "Mayak" 1844, v. 15, book. 29, "Bibliographer. Notes" of 1859 and "Russian Antiquity" v. 66; Petukhov, "Several new data from the scientific and literary activities of Vostokov", 1890

A. Round.

(Polovtsov)

Izmailov, Alexander Efimovich

(1779-1831) - fabulist and journalist. He came from the nobles of the Vladimir province. He was brought up in the mountain cadet corps, after which in 1797 he entered the Ministry of Finance. He spent his whole life almost without a break in St. Petersburg, and only in 1826, being appointed vice-governor, he went to Tver, and in 1828, to the same position - to Arkhangelsk. Not having spent a year there, I. transferred again to St. Petersburg. official for special assignments at the Ministry of Finance, and in 1830 he retired. In 1799, he published a novel: "Eugene or the pernicious consequences of bad education and community." The author himself later called his work "a freak", but nevertheless the novel deserves attention for its realism, however, very rude. Soon he entered the circle of young people who founded the "Free Society of Lovers of Literature, Sciences and Arts" (see). With members of this society, A. P. Benitsky and P. A. Nikolsky, I. published in 1809-10. magazine "Flower Garden", collaborating himself in the critical department. In 1817 he edited "Son of the Fatherland", and in 1818-27 he published the well-known magazine "Benevolent" (see). In 1826-27 he published the almanac "Calendar of the Muses". Izmailov's talent manifested itself mainly in fables, the first edition of which was published in 1814. In addition to those borrowed and common to fabulists of all peoples, I. has a number of original fables with purely Russian humor and on specially Russian themes. They reflected the peculiarity of his talent - some kind of good-natured rudeness, a penchant for realism, which made his contemporaries call him "a writer not for ladies" but critics who were looking for doubles to Russian writers in Western literature And Western art, - Russian Tenier 2nd (1st Tenier - Outdoor). The best fables of I. are "Kulik the Astronomer", "The Drunkard", "The Liar", "The Noblewoman-Buyanka", "Passion for Poetry" and so on. As a journalist, I. is known in the anecdotal chronicle of our literature. He was sans façon both with readers and with authors: he explained in print with those and other verses and prose in his "Well-meaning", he was late in publishing books, because "during the holidays he forgot his wife, children, not just a magazine" - and, finally, did not give the promised number of rooms. But with all the carelessness and jokes, I. was also occupied with social issues; in his journal, he started a charity department and published two brochures: "Reasoning about the beggars" (St. Petersburg. 1804) and "Yesterday or some reflection on salaries and pensions" (St. Petersburg. 1807). I. did not closely adjoin any direction: he hobnobbed with the "lyceum students" and with Grech, and with the "classics", treating everyone good-naturedly and, apparently, indifferently. However, in his critical views he did not go further than the French theorists. Sobr. op. it was published by Smirdin in St. Petersburg, in 1849 (2 hours); a new edition appeared in 1891, at 3 o'clock.

(Brockhaus)

Izmailov, Alexander Efimovich

(Polovtsov)

Izmailov, Alexander Efimovich

Fabulist and novelist early XIX in., from noble family. He graduated from the mountain cadet corps, served as vice-governor of Tver and Arkhangelsk, later taught literature in the page corps. He was chairman of the Free Society of Lovers of Literature, Sciences and Arts, participated in the publication of the magazines "Flower Garden", "Son of the Fatherland", "Good-meaning". The Russian liter I. includes Ch. arr. as a fabulist and partly a novelist; his story "Eugene or the pernicious consequences of bad education and community" was at one time a significant success; in addition to her, the stories "Ibrahim and Osman" and "Poor Masha" should be indicated. In all these works, I. acts as a writer of a clearly realistic and even everyday direction and saturates them to a large extent with moralizing (“Ibrahim and Osman”) and accusatory (“Eugene”) elements. His poems - "lyrical, elegiac, anacreontic, Bacchic", etc. - have no meaning; fables I. characterizes the decline of this satirical-didactic genre. The petty nobility, which began to lose its social stability, at first vividly protested in its work against pressure from both the big nobility and the developing bourgeoisie (for example, in Krylov's satire of the first period), gradually put up with its position; the social protest that saturates his work became smaller. I.'s fable reflects this process; its object is insignificant; the language is rough, the rhythm is poorly organized. I. also gave theoretical work about a fable - "On the story of a fable" and "Analysis of fables".

Bibliography: I. Sochin. in prose and verse, 2 hours, St. Petersburg, 1826; Complete collection. sochin., 2 vols., ed. A. Smirdina, St. Petersburg, 1849; Complete collection. sochin., 3 vols., ed. "Russian bookstore", M., 1891 (the most complete; omissions are indicated by S. A. Vengerov - cm. below).

II. Bulich N., Essays on the history of Russian literature and education from the beginning of the 19th century, vol. II, St. Petersburg, 1909; Sipovsky V., Essays on the history of the Russian novel, vol. I, no. II, St. Petersburg, 1910 (in chapter VIII about the novel "Eugene").

III. Mezier A. V., Russian literature from the XI to the XIX century. inclusive, part 2, St. Petersburg, 1902; Vengerov S. A., Critical and biographical dictionary of Russian writers and scientists, vol. VI, St. Petersburg, 1897-1904; His own, Sources of the Dictionary of Russian Writers, vol. II, St. Petersburg, 1910.

L. Timofeev.

(Lit. Enz.)

Big biographical encyclopedia. 2009 .

See what "Izmailov, Alexander Efimovich" is in other dictionaries:

Izmailov (Alexander Efimovich, 1779-1831) fabulist and journalist. He came from the nobles of the Vladimir province. He was brought up in the mountain cadet corps, after which, in 1797, he entered the Ministry of Finance. Almost all my life... Biographical Dictionary

Russian fabulist, prose writer, journalist. From an impoverished landowning family. He graduated from the Mining Cadet Corps (1797). In 1826 28 he was vice-governor in Tver and Arkhangelsk. Since 1802 member ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

- (1779 1831) Russian writer. morally descriptive satirical novel Eugene ... (1799 1801), lyric poetry. Pamphletically pointed fables from low life … Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (1779 1831), Russian writer, publisher. The morally descriptive satirical novel "Eugene ..." (1799 1801). Pamphletically pointed fables from the "low" way of life. * * * IZMAILOV Alexander Efimovich IZMAILOV Alexander Efimovich (1779 1831), Russian writer. ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Alexander Efimovich Izmailov
(1779-1831)

Alexander Efimovich Izmailov - Russian fabulist, prose writer, journalist.
Born on April 14 (25), 1779 in the Vladimir province in an impoverished landowner's family. He studied at the mountain cadet corps, after which in 1797 he entered the service of the Ministry of Finance. Most lived his life in St. Petersburg.

In 1826 he was appointed to the post of vice-governor of Tver. Accept the position of A.E. Izmailov was forced by a difficult financial situation. On November 5, he arrived in Tver. On business affairs, the new vice-governor visited many county towns and discovered numerous facts of abuses by the local administration. Pursued bribery. He wrote to the minister about the unrest in the Tver Chamber, which turned all the local authorities against him. He himself did not hide the rejection of Tver society. As vice-governor, Izmailov did not cease to be a writer. Almost everything he wrote in Tver is replete with caustic mockery of the local nobles, Tver orders, commanding persons, institutions, etc. He wrote a number of satirical “fairy tales” (“Grandmother and granddaughter”, “Buyanka noblewoman”), fables (“Volga in Tver”, “Tmaka”, “Dog in the manger”), and the poem “Instruction to my wife, Tver vice- governor” was distributed in lists throughout Russia. Wounded by the satirist, the Tver nobles filed a complaint against him, and Izmailov's vice-governorship in Tver ended on March 31, 1828.

A.E. Izmailov was transferred as a vice-governor to Arkhangelsk, but, having not spent even a year there, he was transferred to St. Petersburg as an official for special assignments under the Ministry of Finance, and in 1830 he retired.

Since 1802, A.E. Izmailov was a member of the “Free Society of Lovers of Literature, Sciences and Arts”, and in 1816-1825. - its chairman. In 1809-1810. Izmailov published the magazine "Tsvetnik", collaborating in the critical department, in 1812 - the newspaper "St. Petersburg Bulletin". In 1817 he edited the magazine "Son of the Fatherland", and in 1818-1827. Published the magazine "Good-meaning". Publishing Izmailov was completed with the almanac "Calendar of Muses".

In the literary field, A.E. Izmailov began as a prose writer. In 1799, he published the novel Eugene, or the Pernicious Fruits of Bad Education. His novels “Poor Masha”, “Ibrahim and Osman” enjoyed considerable popularity. But most famous Izmailov was brought fables that had been printed since 1805. Consisting of genre scenes bureaucratic, merchant and raznochinny life, fables of A.E. Izmailov are written on Russian themes with purely Russian humor. A feature of Izmailov's writing talent was a penchant for realism and good-natured rudeness, to which the fabulist owes the characteristic of his contemporaries "the writer is not for ladies." The most famous are the fables “Kulik the Astronomer”, “The Drunkard”, “The Liar”, “Passion for Poetry”. V. G. Belinsky noted that Izmailov’s fables “... revolt the aesthetic sense with their triviality, but some are distinguished by true talent and some kind of muzhik originality.” The first collection of fables by A.E. Izmailov was published in 1814, and A. Smirdin published a two-volume collection of works in 1849.

Bibliography:

Izmailov A.E. Works. - V.1-2. - St. Petersburg: Ed. Smirdina, 1849.
Izmailov A.E. complete collection compositions. - T. 1-3. - M., 1890.
Izmailov A.E. Fables. Tales: Full. coll. - Ch. 1-2. - St. Petersburg, 1891-1892.
Izmailov A.E. Selected fables and fairy tales. - M., 1895.
A.E. Izmailov - N.F. Grammatin. October 7th. St. Petersburg // To the credit of Russia: From private correspondence 1812. - M., 1988. - S.150.
Kubasov I.A., A.E. Izmailov. - St. Petersburg, 1901.
Izmailov Alexander Efimovich // Encyclopedic Dictionary / Ed. F. Brockhaus, I.A. Efron. - Reprint. 1890. - M., 1991. - T. 24. - P. 852.
Mazaev M. Izmailov Alexander Efimovich // Vengerov S.A. Critical-biographical dictionary of Russian writers and scientists. - St. Petersburg, 1904. - T. 6. - S. 92-108.
Izmailov Alexander Efimovich // Russian writers. 1800-1917: Biogr. dictionary. - M., 1992. - T. 2. - P. 405-408: portr.
Izmailov Alexander Efimovich // Great Soviet Encyclopedia. - 3rd ed. - M., 1972. - T.10. - P.207.
Izmailov Alexander Efimovich // Brief literary encyclopedia. - M., 1966. - V.3. - P.74.
Izmailov Alexander Efimovich // Tver Region: Encyclopedia. ref. - Tver, 1994. - P.109.
Belinsky V.G. Full composition of writings. - M., 1953. - V.3. - P.161-163.
Vatsuro V.E. Writer for men and women // Vatsuro V.E. S.D.P. From the history of the literary life of Pushkin's time. - M., 1989. - S.35-52.
Kubasov I.A. Vice-governorship of the fabulist Izmailov in Tver and Arkhangelsk (1827-1829) // In memory of Leonid Nikolaevich Maykov. - St. Petersburg, 1902. - S.221-282.
Levkovich Ya.L. Literary and public life Pushkin's time in the letters of A.E. Izmailov to P.L. Yakovlev // Pushkin. Research and materials. - L., 1987. - V.8. -S.191-194.
Lindeman I.K. About the fabulist A.E. Izmailov during his vice-governorship in Tver: Report // Journal of the 86th meeting of the Tver Scientific Archival Commission May 1, 1902 - Tver, 1902. - P. 17-18.
Pavlov N.P. A.E. Izmailov // Pavlov N.P. Russian writers in our region. - Kalinin, 1956. - S.26-30.
Chereisky L.A. Izmailov Alexander Efimovich (1779-1831) // Chereisky L.A. Pushkin and the Tver region. - Kalinin, 1985. - S.93-96.

Izmailov (Alexander Efimovich, 1779 - 1831) - fabulist and journalist. He came from the nobles of the Vladimir province.

He was brought up in the mountain cadet corps, after which, in 1797, he entered the Ministry of Finance. He spent his entire life almost without a break in St. Petersburg, and only in 1826, being appointed vice-governor, he went to Tver, and in 1828, to the same position - to Arkhangelsk. After not spending even a year there, Izmailov transferred again to St. Petersburg, as an official for special assignments at the Ministry of Finance, and in 1830 he retired. In 1799, he published the novel "Eugene, or the Pernicious Consequences of Bad Education and Society." The author himself later called his work "a freak", but nevertheless the novel deserves attention for its realism, however, very rude. Soon he entered the circle of young people who founded the "Free Society of Lovers of Literature, Sciences and Arts" (see). With members of this society, A.P. Benitsky and P.A. Nikolsky, Izmailov published in 1809-10. magazine "Flower Garden", collaborating himself in the critical department. In 1817 he edited Son of the Fatherland, and in 1818-27. He published the well-known magazine "Good-meaning". In 1826 - 27 years. published the almanac "Calendar of Muses". Izmailov's talent manifested itself mainly in fables, the first edition of which was published in 1814. In addition to those borrowed and common to fabulists of all peoples, Izmailov has a number of original fables with purely Russian humor and on specially Russian themes. They showed the peculiarity of his talent - some kind of good-natured rudeness, a penchant for realism, which made his contemporaries call him "a writer not for ladies", but critics who were looking for doubles for Russian writers in Western literature and Western art - Russian Tenier 2- m (1st Tenier - Narezhny). Izmailov's best fables are "Kulik the Astronomer", "The Drunkard", "The Liar", "The Buyan Noblewoman", "Passion for Poetry", etc. As a journalist, Izmailov is known in the anecdotal annals of our literature. Both with readers and with authors, he was sans facon: he explained in print with both, poems and prose in his "Well-meaning", was late in issuing books, because "on holidays he walked, forgot his wife, children, not only that the magazine" - and, finally, did not give the promised number of numbers. But with all the carelessness and jokes, Izmailov was also occupied with social issues; in his journal, he started a charity department and published two brochures: "Discourse on the Beggars" (St. Petersburg, 1804) and "Yesterday, or Some Reflection on Salaries and Pensions" (St. Petersburg, 1807). Izmailov did not closely adjoin any direction: he hobnobbed with the "lyceum students" and with Grech, and with the "classics", treating everyone good-naturedly and, apparently, indifferently. However, in his critical views he did not go further than the French theoreticians. His collected works were published by Smirdin in St. Petersburg, in 1849 (2 hours); a new edition appeared in 1891, in 3 parts.

The meaning of IZMAILOV ALEXANDER EFIMOVICH in Brief biographical encyclopedia

IZMAILOV ALEXANDER EFIMOVICH

Izmailov (Alexander Efimovich, 1779 - 1831) - fabulist and journalist. He came from the nobles of the Vladimir province. He was brought up in the mountain cadet corps, after which, in 1797, he entered the Ministry of Finance. He spent his entire life almost without a break in St. Petersburg, and only in 1826, being appointed vice-governor, he went to Tver, and in 1828, to the same position - to Arkhangelsk. After not spending even a year there, Izmailov transferred again to St. Petersburg, as an official for special assignments at the Ministry of Finance, and in 1830 he retired. In 1799, he published the novel "Eugene, or the Pernicious Consequences of Bad Education and Society." The author himself later called his work "a freak", but nevertheless the novel deserves attention for its realism, however, very rude. Soon he entered the circle of young people who founded the "Free Society of Lovers of Literature, Sciences and Arts" (see). With members of this society, A.P. Benitsky and P.A. Nikolsky, Izmailov published in 1809-10. magazine "Flower Garden", collaborating himself in the critical department. In 1817 he edited Son of the Fatherland, and in 1818-27. He published the well-known magazine "Good-meaning". In 1826 - 27 years. published the almanac "Calendar of Muses". Izmailov's talent manifested itself mainly in fables, the first edition of which was published in 1814. In addition to those borrowed and common to fabulists of all peoples, Izmailov has a number of original fables with purely Russian humor and on specially Russian themes. They showed the peculiarity of his talent - some kind of good-natured rudeness, a penchant for realism, which made his contemporaries call him "a writer not for ladies", but critics who were looking for doubles for Russian writers in Western literature and Western art - Russian Tenier 2- m (1st Tenier - Narezhny). Izmailov's best fables are "Kulik the Astronomer", "The Drunkard", "The Liar", "The Buyan Noblewoman", "Passion for Poetry", etc. As a journalist, Izmailov is known in the anecdotal annals of our literature. Both with readers and with authors, he was sans facon: he explained in print with both, poems and prose in his "Well-meaning", was late in issuing books, because "on holidays he walked, forgot his wife, children, not only that the magazine" - and, finally, did not give the promised number of numbers. But with all the carelessness and jokes, Izmailov was also occupied with social issues; in his journal, he started a charity department and published two brochures: "Discourse on the Beggars" (St. Petersburg, 1804) and "Yesterday, or Some Reflection on Salaries and Pensions" (St. Petersburg. , 1807). Izmailov did not closely adjoin any direction: he hobnobbed with the "lyceum students" and with Grech, and with the "classics", treating everyone good-naturedly and, apparently, indifferently. However, in his critical views he did not go further than the French theoreticians. His collected works were published by Smirdin in St. Petersburg, in 1849 (2 hours); a new edition appeared in 1891, in 3 parts.

Brief biographical encyclopedia. 2012

Literary map of the Tver region. Alexander Efimovich Izmailov

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