1. Why do you think the comedy begins with the scene with the tailor Trishka? What do we learn about life in the Prostakovs' house when we carefully read the first act?
The scene with the tailor Trishka shows what order has been established in the house of the landowners Prostakovs. The reader from the first lines sees that Prostakova is an evil, ignorant woman who does not love or respect anyone, does not consider anyone's opinion. To ordinary peasants, her serfs, she treats like cattle. She has one measure of influence on others - insults, assault. Moreover, she behaves the same way with her loved ones, except for her son Mirofan. He loves Prostakov's son. For him, she is ready for anything. From the first act it becomes clear that in the house of the Prostakovs everything is controlled by the hostess herself. Everyone is afraid of her and never contradicts her.
2. What is the relationship between people in this house? How are the comedy characters in Phenomenon VIII characterized? fourth act? What means (humor, irony, sarcasm, etc.) does the author use to characterize this? About Mitrofan's "exam" it is said that in this scene there is a clash of true enlightenment and militant ignorance. Do you agree with this? Why?
Everyone in the house is afraid of Mrs. Prostakova, they try to please her in everything. Otherwise, they will face inevitable punishment in the form of beatings. Mr. Prostakov will never contradict her, he is afraid to express his opinion, relying on his wife in everything. Only Mitrofan is not afraid of his mother. He flatters her, realizing that she is the main one in the house and his well-being depends on her, or rather the fulfillment of all his whims. All people in the house of the Prostakovs are characterized by deep ignorance. It was especially clearly manifested in the scene of Mitrofan's exam (VIII scene of the fourth act). At the same time, Mrs. Prostakova believes that she herself and her son are very smart, they will be able to adapt in this life. And they do not need literacy, the main thing is more money. She admires her son, pleased with his answers. I agree with the opinion that true enlightenment and militant ignorance clashed in this scene. After all, Prostakova is sure that a person of her circle does not need education at all. The coachman will take you where ordered. There is nothing special to stand out in society, etc. According to Prostakova, this is how it should be in the world, and whoever thinks otherwise is a fool who is not worthy of her attention.
To characterize the heroes, Fonvizin uses satire. He ridicules the ignorance of the feudal landlords and shows the ugliness of serfdom.
3. In the poster with the transfer actors indicated: Prostakova, his wife (Mr. Prostakova). Meanwhile, in the comedy, her characters characterize themselves differently: “It’s me, my sister’s brother”, “I’m my wife’s husband”, “And I mother's son". How do you explain it? Why do you think the full owner of the estate at Fonvizin is not the landowner, but the landowner? Is it connected with the time when the comedy "Undergrowth" was created?
Since Prostakova is the main one in the house, everyone recognizes themselves as subordinates to her. After all, absolutely everything depends on her decision: the fate of the serfs, son, husband, brother, Sophia, etc. I think that it was not without reason that Fonvizin made the landowner the mistress of the estate. This is directly related to the time the comedy was created. Then Catherine the Great ruled in Russia. The comedy "Undergrowth", in my opinion, is a direct appeal to her. Fonvizin believed that it was possible to bring order to the country, to bring to justice ignorant landlords, dishonest officials, by the power of the empress. Starodum discusses this. This is evidenced by the fact that Prostakov's power was deprived by order of higher authorities.
4. Watch how the conflict develops between the positive and negative characters of the comedy. How the idea of comedy is revealed in this conflict (“It is illegal to oppress your own kind by slavery”)
The conflict between positive and negative characters reaches its climax in the scene of Sophia's theft. The outcome of the conflict is the order received by Pravdin. On the basis of this order, Mrs. Prostakova is deprived of the right to manage her estate, because impunity made her a despot who is capable of bringing great harm to society by raising a son like himself. And she loses her power precisely because she treated the serfs cruelly.
5. Which of the characters in the comedy, in your opinion, was Fonvizin more successful than others? Why?
In my opinion, D.I. Fonvizin negative characters, especially Mrs. Prostakova. Her image is depicted so clearly and vividly that it is impossible not to admire the skill of the author of the comedy. But positive images not so expressive. They are more spokesmen for Fonvizin's thoughts.
6. What are the difficulties in reading this old comedy? What is of interest to us today "Undergrowth"?
The language of comedy is not entirely clear modern reader. It is difficult to understand some of the arguments of Starodum and Pravdin, since they are directly related to the time the work was created, to the problems that existed in society during the time of Fonvizin. The comedy is relevant to the problems of education and upbringing, which Fonvizin raises in comedy. And today you can meet Mitrofanushki who “do not want to study, but want to get married”, and marry profitably, who are looking for profit in absolutely everything and achieve their goal at any cost; gentlemen Prostakov, for whom money is the most important thing in life, and they are ready for anything for the sake of profit.
... To oppress your own kind with slavery is lawlessness.
D. I. Fonvizin
"Everything paled before two bright works: before the comedy "Undergrowth" by Fonvizin and "Woe from Wit" by Griboyedov. They do not ridicule one person, but the wounds and illnesses of the whole society, put on display.
These words were said about Fonvizin by the great Russian writer N.V. Gogol. What caused Fonvizin's caustic mockery, what fed his evil jokes? ..
The decree of Catherine II of 1762 "On the Liberty of the Nobility" gave almost unlimited rights to the nobility. And the age of Catherine became a time of external prosperity and internal decline of the country, in all respects, from enlightenment to the development of serfdom. In the Catherine era, the situation of the peasants was especially difficult, because the power of the landowners over the serfs was not limited. progressive people of their time raised the question of any restrictions on the arbitrariness of the landowners. Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin, one of the first Russian comedians, also belonged to them.
Fonvizin in his comedy portrayed in the images of Prostakova, Skotinin not the shortcomings of individuals, but brightly, colorfully and, most importantly, very accurately described all the feudal landowners with their rudeness, cruelty, ruthless attitude towards the peasants subject to them. These landlords are haunted by a thirst for hoarding, greed, a passion for profit: they sacrifice everything social to their own, personal. At the same time, their attitude - in particular, Mrs. Prostakova and her son - to education is also characteristic. Not considering it necessary, they thus further emphasize their moral failure. Their arbitrariness makes the life of serfs hard, full of suffering, deprivation and pain. No one has a life from such landlords: neither yard, nor dues. Both those and others feel the imperious and ruthless hand of the master. Fonvizin in his comedy, revealing the image of Mitrofan, makes it clear that even with the new, young generation, the situation of the peasants will not improve, but, most likely, will become even more difficult, since “what can come of such a Mitrofan, for whom ignoramuses - parents pay even more and money to the ignorant teachers."
On the images of feudal landlords and their peasants, Fonvizin showed how corruption goes human personality under the influence of serfdom. The ideology of these people coincides entirely with their social position. If Eremeevna is a slave in her soul, then Prostakova is a true slave owner. The whole comedy "Undergrowth" fully reflects reality. Belinsky said that "together with Derzhavin, Fonvizin is the full expression of the Catherine's age." Fonvizin himself is a nobleman-serf. He cannot speak of the complete abolition of serfdom; he speaks only of softening it. But the main idea hero"Undergrowth" Starodum - against the oppression of the human person. “It is illegal to oppress your own kind with slavery,” he says.
Idea content comedy.
The main themes of the comedy "Undergrowth" are the following four: the theme of serfdom and its corrupting influence on landlords and courtyards, the theme of the fatherland and service to him, the theme of education and the theme of the morals of the court nobility.
All these topics were very topical in the 70-80s. satirical magazines and fiction much attention has been paid to these questions, resolve them differently in accordance with the views of the authors.
Fonvizin puts and resolves them in the socio-political context, as a progressive figure.
The theme of serfdom acquired paramount importance after the Pugachev uprising. ( This material will help to write correctly and on the topic of the ideological content of the comedy Fonfizin Nedorosol .. Summary does not make it clear the whole meaning of the work, so this material will be useful for a deep understanding of the work of writers and poets, as well as their novels, short stories, stories, plays, poems.) Fonvizin reveals this topic not only from the everyday side, showing how Prostakova and Skotinin manage their estates. He speaks of the destructive effect of serfdom on the landowner and the serf. Fonvizin also points out that "it is illegal to oppress your own kind with slavery."
The theme of the fatherland and honest service to him sounds in the speeches of Starodum and Milon. From the moment he appears on the stage to the end, Starodum tirelessly talks about the need to serve the fatherland, about the honest fulfillment by the nobleman of his duty to the motherland, about promoting its good. He is also supported by Milo, who declares that the "truly fearless military leader" "prefers his glory to life, but most of all, he is not afraid to forget his own glory for the good of the fatherland."
How advanced such views were can be judged by the fact that not only in the first two thirds of the 18th century, but also in the era of Fonvizin, noble writers believed that "the sovereign and the fatherland are one essence." Fonvizin, on the other hand, speaks only of service to the fatherland, but not to the sovereign.
Revealing the topic of education, Fonvizin speaks through the mouth of Starodum: “It (education) should be the key to the well-being of the state. We see all the unfortunate consequences of bad education. What can come out of Mitrofanushka for the fatherland, for whom ignorant parents also pay money to ignorant teachers? How many noble fathers who moral education do they entrust their son to their serf-slave? Fifteen years later, instead of one slave, two come out: an old uncle and a young master. Fonvizin poses the topic of education as an important social and political issue: it is necessary to educate the nobles as citizens, as progressive and enlightened figures of the country.
The fourth theme, posed in the comedy, concerns the manners of the court and capital nobility. It is revealed in the speeches of Starodum, especially in his conversation with Pravdin. Starodum sharply and angrily denounces the depraved court nobility. From his stories we learn about the manners of the court circle, where “almost no one travels along a straight road”, where “one dumps another”, where “there are very small souls”. It is impossible to correct the manners of Catherine's court, according to Starodum. “It is in vain to call a doctor to the sick is incurable: here the doctor will not help, unless he himself becomes infected.”
Comedy images.
The ideological plan determined the composition of the characters of the "Undergrowth". The comedy depicts typical feudal landlords (Prostakovs, Skotinin), their serf servants (Eremeevna and Trishka), teachers (Tsy-firkin, Kuteikin and Vralman) and opposes them to such advanced nobles as, according to Fonvizin, everything should be Russian nobility: on the public service(Pravdin), in the region economic activity(Starodum), on military service(Milon). , an intelligent and enlightened girl, contributes to a more complete disclosure of self-will and ignorance of Prostakova; Sophia is connected with all the struggle that takes place in the "comedy".
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Phenomenon I
Starodum and Pravdin
Pravdin. It was the package that the hostess here herself informed me about yesterday. Starodum. So, do you now have a way to stop the inhumanity of the evil landowner? Pravdin. I am instructed to take custody of the house and villages at the first rabies, from which the people subject to it might suffer. Starodum. Thanks be to God that humanity can find protection! Believe me, my friend, where the sovereign thinks, where he knows where his true glory lies, there his rights cannot but return to mankind. There everyone will soon feel that everyone should seek their happiness and benefits in the one thing that is legal ... and that it is illegal to oppress their own kind by slavery. Pravdin. I agree with you on this; Yes, how tricky it is to exterminate rooted prejudices in which base souls find their advantage! Starodum. Listen, my friend! Great Sovereign there is a wise sovereign. His job is to show people their direct benefit. The glory of his wisdom is to rule over people, because there is no wisdom to manage idols. The peasant, who is the worst in the village, usually chooses to tend the herd, because it takes a little intelligence to tend the cattle. A sovereign worthy of the throne seeks to elevate the souls of his subjects. We see it with our own eyes. Pravdin. The pleasure that sovereigns enjoy in possessing free souls must be so great that I do not understand what motives could distract ... Starodum. BUT! How much great soul one must be in a sovereign in order to take the path of truth and never deviate from it! How many nets have been set up to capture the soul of a person who has the fate of his own kind in his hands! And in the first place, a crowd of stingy flatterers... Pravdin. Without spiritual contempt it is impossible to imagine what a flatterer is. Starodum. A flatterer is a creature that is not only about others, but also about himself good opinion does not have. All his desire is to first blind the mind of a person, and then make of it what he needs. He is a night thief who first extinguishes the candle, and then begins to steal. Pravdin. Human misfortunes, of course, are caused by their own corruption; but ways to make people kind... Starodum. They are in the hands of the sovereign. How soon everyone sees that without good manners no one can emerge as a people; that neither vile service nor for any money can buy that which rewards merit; that people are chosen for places, and not places are stolen by people - then everyone finds his own advantage in being well-behaved and everyone becomes good. Pravdin. Fair. The Great Sovereign gives... Starodum. Mercy and friendship to those whom it pleases; bridges and ranks to those who are worthy. Pravdin. So that in worthy people there was no shortage, now a special effort is being made to educate ... Starodum. It should be the key to the well-being of the state. We see all the unfortunate consequences of bad education. Well, what can come out of Mitrofanushka for the fatherland, for whom ignorant parents also pay money to ignorant teachers? How many noble fathers who entrust the moral upbringing of their son to their serf slave! Fifteen years later, instead of one slave, two come out, an old uncle and a young master. Pravdin. But persons supreme state enlighten their children... Starodum. So, my friend; Yes, I would like that, with all the spiders, I would not forget the main objective all human knowledge, good manners. Believe me that science in a depraved person is a fierce weapon to do evil. Enlightenment elevates one virtuous soul. I would like, for example, that when raising my son noble gentleman every day his mentor unfolded History for him and showed him two places in it: in one, how great people contributed to the good of their fatherland; in another, like an unworthy nobleman, having used his power of attorney and power for evil, from the height of his magnificent nobility he fell into the abyss of contempt and reproach. Pravdin. It is really necessary that every state of people should have a decent upbringing; then you can be sure... What's that noise? Starodum. What has happened?Phenomenon II
The same, Milon, Sofia, Eremeevna.
Milon (pushing away from Sofya Yeremeevna, who was clinging to her, shouting to the people, having a drawn sword in her hand). Don't you dare come near me! Sofia (rushing to Starodum). Ah, uncle! Protect me!Starodum. My friend! What? Pravdin. What an atrocity! Sophia. My heart flutters! Eremeevna. My head is gone!
(Together.)
Milon. Villains! Coming here, I see a lot of people who, grabbing her by the arms, despite resistance and screaming, are already leading from the porch to the carriage. Sophia. Here is my deliverer! Starodum (to Milon). My friend! Pravdin (Eremeevna). Now tell me where you wanted to take it, or how about the villain ... Eremeevna. Get married, my father, get married! Mrs. Prostakova (backstage). Rogues! The thieves! Fraudsters! I order everyone to be beaten to death!Phenomenon III
The same, Ms. Prostakova, Prostakov, Mitrofan.
Ms. Prostakova. What a lady in the house I am! (pointing to Milo). Someone else will threaten, my order is useless.Prostakov. Am I to blame? Mitrofan. Take for people? Ms. Prostakova. I don't want to be alive.
(Together.)
Pravdin. The atrocity, to which I myself am a witness, entitles you, as an uncle, and to you, as a bridegroom ...Ms. Prostakova. Groom! Prostakov. We are good! Mitrofan. Everything to hell!
(Together.)
Pravdin. To demand from the government that the offense done to her be punished with all the severity of the laws. Now I will present her to the court as a violator of civil peace. Ms. Prostakova (dropping to his knees). Father, I'm guilty! Pravdin. Husband and son could not but take part in the atrocity...Prostakov. Guilty without guilt! Mitrofan. Guilty, uncle!
(Together, dropping to their knees.)
Ms. Prostakova. Ah, the daughter of a dog! What have I done!Event IV
The same and Skotinin.
Skotinin. Well, sister, it was a good joke ... Bah! What's this? All of us are on our knees! Ms. Prostakova (kneeling). Ah, my fathers, the sword does not cut a guilty head. My sin! Don't ruin me. (To Sofya.) You are my own mother, forgive me. Have mercy on me (pointing to husband and son) and over the poor orphans. Skotinin. Sister! Are you mindful? Pravdin. Shut up, Skotinin. Ms. Prostakova. God will give you well-being and with your dear bridegroom, what is in my head for you? Sophia (to Starodum). Uncle! I forget my insult. Ms. Prostakova (raising hands to Starodum). Father! Forgive me too, a sinner. I'm a human being, not an angel. Starodum. I know, I know that a person cannot be an angel. And you don't even have to be the devil. Milon. Both crime and repentance in it are worthy of contempt. Pravdin (to Starodum). Your slightest complaint, your one word before the government... and it cannot be saved. Starodum. I don't want anyone to die. I forgive her.Everyone jumped up from their knees.
Ms. Prostakova. I'm sorry! Ah, father!.. Well! Now I will let the canals open to my people. Now I'm going to take them all one by one. Now I'm trying to figure out who let her out of her hands. No, scammers! No, thieves! I will not forgive a century, I will not forgive this ridicule. Pravdin. And why do you want to punish your people? Ms. Prostakova. Ah, father, what is this question? Am I not powerful in my people too? Pravdin. Do you think you have the right to fight when you want? Skotinin. Isn't a nobleman free to beat a servant whenever he wants? Pravdin. When he wants! So what is hunting? You are direct Skotinin. No, madam, no one is free to tyrannize. Ms. Prostakova. Not free! The nobleman, when he wants, and the servants are not free to flog; Yes, why have we been given a decree on the freedom of the nobility? Starodum. A master at interpreting decrees! Ms. Prostakova. If you please, mock me, but now I'm turning everyone upside down... (Tries to go.) Pravdin (stopping her). Stop, sir. (Pulling out paper and in an important voice to Prostakov.) In the name of the government, I order you to immediately gather your people and peasants to announce to them a decree that for the inhumanity of your wife, to which your extreme weak-mindedness allowed her, the government orders me to take care of your house and villages. Prostakov. BUT! What have we come to! Ms. Prostakova. How! New trouble! For what? For what, father? That I am mistress in my house ... Pravdin. An inhuman lady, who cannot be tolerated in a well-established state. (To Prostakov.) Come on. Prostakov (leaves, clasping his hands). Who is this from, mother? Mrs. Prostakova (yearning). Oh, grief has taken! Oh sad! Skotinin. Ba! bah! bah! Yes, they will get to me. Yes, and any Skotinin can fall under guardianship ... I’ll get out of here, pick up, say hello. Ms. Prostakova. I'm losing everything! I'm completely dying! Skotinin (to Starodum). I went to see you. Groom... Starodum (pointing to Milo). Here he is. Skotinin. Aha! so there is nothing for me to do here. Harness the kibitka, and ... Pravdin. Yes, and go to your pigs. Do not forget, however, to tell all the Skotinins what they are subject to. Skotinin. How not to warn friends! I will tell them that they are people ... Pravdin. More love, or at least... Skotinin. Well?.. Pravdin. At least they didn't touch it. Skotinin (departing). At least they didn't touch it.Phenomenon V
Ms. Prostakova, Starodum, Pravdin, Mitrofan, Sofia, Eremeevna.
Ms. Prostakova (to Pravdin). Father, do not ruin me, what have you gained? Is there any way to cancel the order? Are all orders being followed? Pravdin. I won't step down from my position. Ms. Prostakova. Give me at least three days. (Aside.) I would let myself know... Pravdin. Not for three hours. Starodum. Yes, my friend! She can do so much mischief even in three hours that you can’t help for a century. Ms. Prostakova. But how can you, father, enter into trifles yourself? Pravdin. It's my business. Alien will be returned to the owners, and ... Ms. Prostakova. And to get rid of debts? .. Underpaid to teachers ... Pravdin. Teachers? (Eremeyevna.) Are they here? Enter them here. Eremeevna. Tea that they brought. And the German, my father? .. Pravdin. Call everyone.Eremeevna leaves.
Pravdin. Do not worry about anything, madam, I will please everyone. Starodum (seeing Madame Prostakova in anguish). Madam! You yourself will feel better, having lost the power to do bad things to others. Ms. Prostakova. Thanks for the mercy! Where am I fit when my own hands and will are not in my house!Event VI
The same, Eremeevna, Vralman, Kuteikin and Tsyfirkin.
Eremeevna (introducing the teachers, to Pravdin). That's all our bastard for you, my father. Vralman (to Pravdin). Fashé fysoko-and-plakhorotie. Did they send me to the sepa to pry? .. Kuteikin (to Pravdin). The call was bykh and came. Tsyfirkin (to Pravdin). What will be the order, your honor? Starodum (with the arrival of Vralman peers at him). Ba! Is that you, Vralman? Vralman (recognizing Starodum). Ay! ouch! ouch! ouch! ouch! It's you, my gracious master! (Kissing half Starodum) Are you an old faggot, my father, are you going to cheat? Pravdin. How? Is he familiar to you? Starodum. How not familiar? He was my coachman for three years.Everyone shows surprise.
Pravdin. Quite a teacher! Starodum. Are you here as a teacher? Vralman! I thought, really, that you are a kind person and you won’t take on something other than your own. Vralman. What to tell, my father? I'm not a perf, I'm not an afterlife. For three months, Moskfe staggered from place to place, Kutsher nihte not Nata. It came to me to die lipo from hunger, lipo suture ... Pravdin (to the teachers). By the will of the government, having become the guardian of the house here, I release you. Tsyfirkin. Better not. Kuteikin. Would you like to let go? Let's unpack first... Pravdin. What do you need? Kuteikin. No, dear sir, my account is not very small. For half a year for learning, for shoes that I wore out at the age of three, for a simple one that you wander here, it happened, in an empty way, for ... Ms. Prostakova. Insatiable soul! Kuteikin! What is it for? Pravdin. Do not interfere, madam, I beg you. Ms. Prostakova. Yes, if it’s true, what did you learn Mitrofanushka? Kuteikin. It's his business. Not mine. Pravdin (to Kuteikin). Good good. (To Tsyfirkin.) How much should I pay you? Tsyfirkin. To me? Nothing. Ms. Prostakova. He, father, was given ten rubles for one year, and not a penny was paid for another year. Tsyfirkin. So: for those ten rubles I wore out my boots in two years. We and the tickets. Pravdin. And for teaching? Tsyfirkin. Nothing. Starodum. Like nothing? Tsyfirkin. I won't take anything. He didn't take anything. Starodum. However, you have to pay less. Tsyfirkin. My pleasure. I served the sovereign for more than twenty years. I took money for the service, I didn’t take it in an empty way and I won’t take it. Starodum. Here's a good man!Starodum and Milon take money out of their wallets.
Pravdin. Aren't you ashamed, Kuteikin? Kuteikin (lowering his head). Shame on you, damned. Starodum (to Tsyfirkin). Here's to you, my friend, for a good soul. Tsyfirkin. Thank you, your highness. Thankful. You are free to give me. Himself, not deserving, I will not demand a century. Milon (giving him money). Here's to you, my friend! Tsyfirkin. And thanks again.Pravdin also gives him money.
Tsyfirkin. What are you complaining about, your honor? Pravdin. Because you don't look like Kuteikin. Tsyfirkin. AND! Your honor. I'm a soldier. Pravdin (to Tsyfirkin). Go, my friend, with God.Tsyfirkin departs.
Pravdin. And you, Kuteikin, perhaps come here tomorrow and take the trouble to comb your mistress herself. Kuteikin (running out). With myself! I retreat from everything. Vralman (to Starodum). Do not leave the old man of hearing, fashe fysokrotie. Take me back to the sepe. Starodum. Yes, you, Vralman, I tea, lagged behind the horses? Vralman. Oh no, my darling! Shiuchi with stench hospots, it concerned me that I am a fse with horses.Appearance VII
The same valet.
Valet (to Starodum). Your card is ready. Vralman. Will you give me a bite to eat now? Starodum. Go sit on the goats.Vralman leaves.
The last phenomenon
Ms. Prostakova, Starodum, Milon, Sofya, Pravdin, Mitrofan, Eremeevna.
Starodum (to Pravdin, holding the hands of Sophia and Milon). Well my friend! We go. Wish us... Pravdin. All the happiness that honest hearts are entitled to. Ms. Prostakova (rushing to hug his son). You alone remained with me, my hearty friend, Mitrofanushka! Mitrofan. Yes, get off, mother, as imposed ... Ms. Prostakova. And you! And you leave me! BUT! ungrateful! (She fainted.) SOPHIA (running up to her). My God! She has no memory. Starodum (Sofya). Help her, help her.Sophia and Eremeevna help.
Pravdin (to Mitrofan). Scoundrel! Should you be rude to your mother? It is her mad love for you that has brought her most of all to misfortune. Mitrofan. Yes, she seems to be unknown ... Pravdin. Rude! Starodum (Eremeevna). What is she now? What? Eremeevna (looking intently at Madame Prostakova and clasping her hands). Wake up, my father, wake up. Pravdin (to Mitrofan). With you, my friend, I know what to do. Went to serve... Mitrofan (with a wave of his hand). For me, where they say. Ms. Prostakova (waking up in despair). I completely died! My power has been taken away! From shame, you can’t show your eyes anywhere! I don't have a son! Starodum (pointing to Mrs. Prostakova). Here are the worthy fruits of evil-mindedness!THE END OF COMEDY.
This work has entered the public domain. The work was written by an author who died more than seventy years ago, and was published during his lifetime or posthumously, but more than seventy years have also passed since publication. It can be freely used by anyone without anyone's consent or permission and without payment of royalties.
Phenomenon III
Pravdin, who ran up, announces that he will present the Prostakov family "before the court, as violators of civil peace."
Fonvizin. Undergrowth. Performance of the Maly Theater
Event IV
The Prostakovs and Mitrofan kneel before Pravdin and Starodum, begging for forgiveness. Sophia, taking pity, says: "I forget my insult." Starodum also asks not to bring the case to court.
Hearing this, the Prostakovs jump up from their knees. Mrs. Prostakova screams in rage that she will now set the heat on her servants - "swindlers and thieves" who let Sophia out of her hands. Pravdin stands up for the servants, but Prostakova and Skotinin shout: “Isn’t the nobleman free to beat the servant whenever he wants? Why have we been given a decree on the freedom of the nobility?
Pravdin then takes a piece of paper out of his pocket and announces the viceroy's order: The Prostakovs are being deprived of their estates transferred under the care of the government. Mrs. Prostakova shouts: “I’m losing everything! I'm completely dying!"
Skotinin hurries to leave for his own estate. Pravdin admonishes him with the words: "Go to your pigs and inform your friends so that they do not tyrannize over subject people."
Phenomenon V
Prostakova begs Pravdin to give her a delay of at least three days. Pravdin replies that he won't even give three hours. Prostakova asks: who will pay what is not given to Mitrofan's teachers? Pravdin says: I will pay them myself - and orders to bring teachers.
Event VI
Tsyfirkin, Kuteikin and Vralman arrive. Starodum, seeing Vralman, recognizes in him a German who had previously served as his coachman. He asks with surprise, how did Vralman undertake to teach? He explains: for three months he could not find a place for a coachman in Moscow, “it came to me to die from a hunger, a lipo suture”.
Kuteikin assures that the Prostakovs owe him a lot of money. Tsyfirkin, on the contrary, refuses any payment: “Mitrofan still didn’t learn anything from me.” Starodum, Vralman and Milon praise Tsyfirkin for his unselfishness and take him money as a gift from their own wallets. On the contrary, they reproach Kuteikin for greed and suggest that tomorrow he himself go to pay his debt to Mrs. Prostakova. Hearing her name, Kuteikin, horrified, refuses any calculation.
Vralman asks Starodum to take him back as a coachman. Starodum asks the German if he has not forgotten how to handle horses during his time as a teacher? Vralman replies: no, being tenacious with the local gentlemen, it seemed to me that "I am a fse with horses."
