The first building to appear on a buildable or suburban area- hozblok. More often it is simply called a shed. What is it for? What is the advantage of having it? How can you use it in your area? What can it be built from? And how can you build a frame hozblok with your own hands?
Building a separate hozblok - what is the advantage?
A barn or utility block is a non-residential building on a site where you can store various kinds of property, which include garden and country equipment, carpentry tools, conservation. In the hozblok provide a place for storing firewood, additional space for keeping poultry and food storage. Such an outbuilding is good as a crop storage, workshop or as a summer kitchen.
Some, when erecting utility blocks, also provide a toilet and a shower in the layout. It's nice when, after exhausting work in the garden or garden, there is an opportunity to take a refreshing shower. For a family that often visits the country in the summer, such a structure is most welcome.
The hozblok is especially needed if there is nothing else on the site besides it - a garden and a garden. In the summer heat, you can hide in it from the sun, and in unexpected rain, the hozblok will not let you get wet. If in the future it is planned to build a residential building on the site, then the barn can also be a change house for builders, in which their tools can be stored.
What to build a hozblok from?
Today hozbloki build from different building materials. One of them is foam blocks. In Russia, it has been used recently, in Europe - in use for almost a hundred years. The foam block hozblok is warm, suitable for keeping pets, in terms of heat and sound insulation it is practically not inferior to a wooden shed. The thickness of 20 cm contributes to this.
There are disadvantages:
- under the foam block shed you need a good foundation;
- they are afraid of water, so protection from the absorption of water by foam blocks is needed from below;
- do not accept concrete slab ceilings. However, there is a lot of honor for the barn.
Another option is to build a utility block from a metal profile. Metal profile of the LSTK system (light steel thin-walled structures) - good material to build a shed. It is lightweight, durable and easy to install. This metal profile is used in frame construction, an analogue of wooden frames.
And if we talk about the hozblok from corrugated board, then this is a barn erected by the frame method from a wooden bar and sheathed on the outside with a profiled galvanized sheet, which can be painted in different colors.
But the most famous and accessible, understandable to most, the method of erecting a utility block is a frame one. How to perform? Worth Considering step by step process this construction.
Phased construction of a frame outbuilding
Foundation preparation
Having marked out a place for a barn, it is necessary to remove the entire upper fertile layer of soil, 15-20 cm deep, on the marked area and, having leveled, compact the area. Then a layer of sand of 10 cm is added and rammed again. Holes in the ground with a diameter of 20 cm and a depth of 120 cm are drilled under the columnar foundation at four corners and in the middle of the wide sides of the future building. A pillar under the foundation will be installed in these holes. Its length should be 120 cm.
At the bottom of each hole under the pillars, a layer of sand or gravel is poured and compacted. Then asbestos-cement pipes are lowered there (they are hollow), with the help of a level their vertical is set and fixed by pouring and tamping sand.
The next step is to fill the pillars. One third of the internal volume of the pipe is filled with mortar, after which the pipe must be raised by 10-15 cm so that the cement mortar poured inside fills the bottom. This will create a concrete base that is larger in diameter than the pipe. With this design of the foundation, heaving of the soil will not harm it.
After all this is done with all the pillars, you need to wait 2-3 days. We must not forget about the vertical of the pillars.
When the voids of each of the pillars are filled, it is necessary to insert a reinforcement from the top with a diameter of 10 mm, immersing 150 mm in the cement mixture. Twenty centimeters should protrude from the pipe. This reinforcement will fix the assembled grillage. The columnar foundation must stand for at least two weeks.
Grillage
The grillage is called the frame, the basis of the structure. It is assembled from bars, the cross section of which is 150 by 150 mm. The bars must be treated with an antiseptic, flame retardant and two layers of drying oil. They are connected to each other half a tree. In each connection, the bars should be fixed with four wood screws. Before installing the frame, roofing felt is laid on the foundation to prevent moisture from being absorbed into the wood. Next, logs are installed from bars with a section of 100 by 100 mm. The spacing of the lag in relation to each other is 1.35 m.
barn frame
To build a hozblok frame, you need a beam of 150 by 150 mm and 100 by 100 mm. On the front of the building you need to put a beam with a height of 3000 mm, and for the back wall - 2400-2500 mm. This is necessary to create a subsequent shed roof.
First, the end walls of the building are assembled, each of which will have a window opening. Racks that will be exposed at the corners should be planted on the protruding reinforcement from the grillage, which, in turn, was mounted on the reinforcement of the columnar foundation. Each beam must be set strictly vertically, taking into account window openings and entrance doors. In addition to the bars at the corners, two more bars should be added to the end frame. On the front and rear frame walls, there should also be at least two beams, and preferably four. Between them, for greater rigidity, slanted bars are mounted. Between the second and third beams on the end walls, the upper and lower jumpers are mounted under the opening of the future window.
When installing the front wall, vertical posts must be set on the basis that the opening under front door must be at least 850 mm and at least 2000 mm high. This opening should be in the middle of the front wall. This is exactly the distance between the additional bars, in addition to those that were mounted in the corners.
rafters
The next step is - the installation of rafters from a bar 100 by 50 mm 1 meter long exceeding the width of the building. This is done taking into account the fact that the beam of the rafters at the back will protrude by 30 cm, and in front by 70 cm. The step between the rafters is 85 cm. Then a film or hydro-barrier is pulled over the rafters. On the rafters, on top of the hydrobarrier, a 25 mm rail is perpendicularly stuffed in increments of 40 cm. Then, slate can be laid on this structure by nailing it.
Sheathing and finishing
The whole building is completed by sheathing with facing material from the outside. They can perfectly serve as corrugated board. We must not forget that outside, before installing the corrugated board, the entire frame must be tightened with a hydrobarrier. Inside, it is necessary to insulate the walls with mineral wool and sew them up with chipboard. The same applies to the ceiling. The carpentry is installed, the floor is mounted along the logs from the board and the utility block is ready.
When starting such a project, you need to learn a lot, read a lot in order to build a hozblok with your own hands. It's not easy on your own. Perhaps a long time. But this is an experience that can still come in handy.
Video with the successive stages of building a hozblok on your own:
If you decide to equip your own site so that it is convenient and comfortable to live in country house, you will have to build not only the cottage itself. Equally important is an attractive landscape and the presence of practical outbuildings. The wooden barn is the best suited for giving, which you can easily find wide application. Building it with your own hands is also not difficult. You will learn about this from this article.
The purpose of such an outbuilding can be very diverse. To a greater extent, it depends on your life and how you use the site itself. For example:
What are the advantages of a wooden shed?
A barn can be built from different materials- brick, foam blocks. But wooden has a number of advantages:
Where to begin?
To more clearly imagine a possible design on your own site, initially view the photo of the sheds for giving already finished projects. This way you save a lot of time. Then follow this plan:
- Determine the shape and dimensions of the building. If possible, create a sketch drawing of your own barn, noting all the important parameters.
- Select the location of the building.
- Choose the right set of materials and tools. Make a detail cut.
- Assemble the structure following the rules below.
What are sheds?
One of the advantages of this type of building is that it can be any size and shape that suits you. Most often preferred:
How to choose a place for a barn?
Choosing a suitable place on your own site is quite simple. To do this, adhere to the following criteria:
How to build a wooden shed with your own hands?
To make it easier for you to build a wooden shed, here are a few ways to assemble it. Choose the most convenient for you and act according to the plan.
Barn device
Like any other building, the design of the barn consists of several elements:
Tools and materials
To avoid a snag during the assembly process, prepare everything in advance necessary materials and tools, adhering to this list:
- rake;
- shovel;
- roulette;
- level;
- hammer;
- saw;
- screwdrivers;
- drill and drills of different diameters;
- antiseptic for wood;
- capacity for concrete preparation;
- dry building concrete mix or cement, sand, crushed stone and water;
- wooden beams 4 m long;
- bars 50 * 50 mm;
- edged board for sheathing, shelves, floors;
- ruberoid;
- downpipe;
- windows, doors;
- nails, screws;
- asbestos pipes for the foundation;
- decorative upholstery material.
Method 1
This option is the simplest building of a square or rectangular shape with a pitched roof. A number of works will be as follows:
Method 2
To build a structure of this type, it will take a little more materials and time, but it will last longer - up to 20 years. In this case, proceed as follows:
- Clear the site well.
- Make a design layout.
- Dig holes 1.5 meters in the corners.
- Install asbestos-cement pipes in them.
- Prepare the concrete mixture in the proportion:
- cement - 2 parts;
- crushed stone - 4 parts;
- sand - 3 parts.
- Pour the finished solution into the pits with pillars.
- Wait 3-4 days for complete solidification.
Important! Periodically, before setting, check the location of the pillars so that they do not roll. If you want to speed up the process of concrete hardening, add special plasticizers to the mixture - there is a fairly large assortment of them on today's construction market.
- Treat all prepared wood parts with an antiseptic solution to protect the structure from rotting, deformation, and pests.
- Make the bottom trim of the pillars.
- Install and nail vertical wooden corner posts to them.
- Lay your legs on the floor.
- Assemble the rest of the racks, having previously marked out the location.
Important! Calculate the number of racks as follows:
4 pieces - for corners;
2 pieces - for windows and doors.
- At the corners at the top, also make a strapping.
- Mark the location of the rafters and install suitable bars in the same way as described in method 1.
Important! If you decide to make a 2-pitched structure, make cuts in the upper trim clearly according to the size of the beams in order to securely fix the roof. Install the bars in them and secure with bolts.
- Make the sheathing of the entire structure - walls, floor and roof, with an edged board.
- Lay roofing material on the roof.
- Install gutters, doors, windows.
- Organize the interior according to your plan.
Important! To make your barn not only practical, but also beautiful, feel free to use comfortable decorative materials:
soft tiles or lining - for roofing;
water emulsion or Oil paint, wall paneling, siding, drywall, plaster on the shreds - for walls.
Construction of a wooden barn - video
In the form below, you can familiarize yourself with another version of the step-by-step assembly of a barn in the country with your own hands.
Conclusion
As you have already seen, building a barn in the country with your own hands is a very simple task that you will probably quickly cope with. In addition, you can show your creative talent and create not just a utility room, but a real work of art that you will be proud of. The main thing is to set the right goal and follow the simple recommendations from this article.
