The image of Masha (novel by A.S. Pushkin “ Captain's daughter».)
Masha Mironova- Commandant's daughter Belogorsk fortress. She is an ordinary Russian girl: “chubby, ruddy, with light brown hair combed smoothly behind the ears.” Timid and sensitive, she was afraid even of a gun shot. In many ways, her timidity and embarrassment are caused by the fact that she lives a rather secluded life. From the words of Vasilisa Egorovna, we learn about the girl’s unenviable fate: “The girl is of marriageable age, but what is her dowry?” Shvabrin wooes her. But Masha refuses Shvabrin’s offer to become his wife. She cannot accept marriage to an unloved person. A marriage of convenience is unthinkable for her, even if she finds herself in the most difficult situation.
Masha sincerely fell in love with Peter Grinev, but she would never agree to get married without the blessing of the groom's parents.
A bitter fate awaits the girl ahead: her parents were executed, and she was hidden in her house by the priest. But Shvabrin took Masha by force and put him under lock and key, forcing her to marry him. When the long-awaited salvation finally comes in the person of Pugachev, the girl is overcome by conflicting feelings: she sees before her the murderer of her parents and at the same time her savior. Instead of words of gratitude, she covered her face with both hands and fell unconscious.
Pugachev released Peter and Masha, and Grinev sent her to her parents, who received the girl well.
The character of Masha Mironova is clearly revealed after Grinev’s arrest. She was very worried because she knew the real reason arrest and considered herself guilty of Grinev’s misfortunes. Masha goes to St. Petersburg. She is determined to achieve the release of her loved one, no matter the cost.
Having met the empress by chance, but not yet knowing who this woman is, Masha openly tells her her story. It is in this meeting that the character of a modest and timid Russian girl without any education is truly revealed, who, however, found in herself enough strength, fortitude and unyielding determination to defend the truth and achieve the acquittal of her innocent fiancé.
Soon she was called to the court, where the release of Pyotr Andreevich was announced.
The image of Masha Mironova was dear and close to the author. She personifies the ideal of a woman - with a pure, albeit slightly naive soul, a kind, sympathetic heart, faithful and capable of sincere love, for which she is ready to make any sacrifices and do the most daring acts.
The image of Katerina (play by A. N. Ostrovsky “The Thunderstorm”)
For the main character of Ostrovsky's play "The Thunderstorm" Katerina, truth and a deep sense of duty are above all in life.
As a child, Katerina was surrounded by beauty and harmony; she lived among mother's love and fragrant nature. She lived with her mother in the village, went to wash herself, listened to the stories of wanderers, then sat down to do some work, and so the whole day passed. The girl didn't get it good education.. Katerina had magical dreams in which she flew under the clouds. Strongly contrasts with such a quiet one, happy life the act of a six-year-old girl, when Katya, offended by something, ran away from home on the Volga in the evening, got into a boat and pushed off from the shore!...
We see that Katerina grew up as a happy, romantic, but limited girl. She was very devout and passionately loving. She loved everything and everyone around her: nature, the sun, the church, her home with wanderers, the beggars whom she helped. But the most important thing about Katya is that she lived in her dreams, apart from the rest of the world. From everything that existed, she chose only that which did not contradict her nature; the rest she did not want to notice and did not notice. That’s why the girl saw angels in the sky, and for her the church was not an oppressive and oppressive force, but a place where everything is light, where you can dream. We can say that Katerina was naive and kind, brought up in a completely religious spirit. But if she encountered something on her way... contradicted her ideals, she turned into a rebellious and stubborn nature and defended herself from that stranger, stranger, who boldly disturbed her soul. This was the case with the boat. After marriage, Katya's life changed a lot. From a free, joyful, sublime world in which she felt united with nature, the girl found herself in a life full of deception, cruelty and desolation.
Katerina did not marry Tikhon of her own free will: she did not love anyone at all and she did not care who she married. The fact is that the girl was taken away from her old life, which she created for herself. Katerina no longer feels such delight from visiting church; she cannot do her usual activities. Sad, anxious thoughts do not allow her to calmly admire nature. Katya can only endure as long as she can and dream, but she can no longer live with her thoughts, because cruel reality returns her to earth, to where there is humiliation and suffering. Katerina tries to find her happiness in love for Tikhon, but sincere manifestations of this love are stopped by Kabanikha: “Why are you hanging around your neck, shameless one? It’s not your lover you’re saying goodbye to.” Katerina has a strong sense of external humility and duty, which is why she forces herself to love her unloved husband. Tikhon himself, because of his mother’s tyranny, cannot truly love his wife, although he probably wants to. And when he, leaving for a while, leaves Katya to walk around to his heart's content, the girl becomes completely lonely.
Why did Katerina fall in love with Boris? Probably the reason was that she lacked something pure in the stuffy atmosphere of Kabanikha’s house. And love for Boris was this pure, did not allow Katerina to completely wither away, somehow supported her.
She went on a date with Boris because she felt like a person with pride and basic rights. It was a rebellion against submission to fate, against lawlessness. Katerina knew that she was committing a sin, but she also knew that it was still impossible to live any longer. She sacrificed the purity of her conscience to freedom and Boris.
And by this step, Katya already felt the approaching end and wanted to be satisfied with love, knowing that there would be no other opportunity. On their first date, Katerina told Boris: “You ruined me.” Sin hangs like a heavy stone on her heart. Katerina is terribly afraid of the approaching thunderstorm, considering it a punishment for what she did. Katerina has been afraid of thunderstorms ever since she started thinking about Boris. For her pure soul even the thought of loving to a stranger- sin. Katya cannot live any longer with her sin, and she considers repentance to be the only way to at least partially get rid of it. She confesses everything to her husband and Kabanikha. Katya fears God, but her God lives in her, God is her conscience. The girl is tormented by two questions: how will she return home and look into the eyes of the husband she cheated on, and how will she live with a stain on her conscience. Katerina sees death as the only way out of this situation.
Haunted by her sin, Katerina leaves this life to save her soul.
The poor, innocent “bird imprisoned in a cage” could not withstand the captivity - Katerina committed suicide. The girl still managed to “take off”, she stepped from the high bank into the Volga, “spread her wings” and boldly went to the bottom.
By her action, Katerina resists the “dark kingdom.”
In a work that tells about events peasant war 1773-1774, Pushkin managed to harmoniously conduct love line. The image and characterization of Masha Mironova in “The Captain's Daughter” will prove to the reader that love can inspire under any circumstances. In the most terrible times, when danger is everywhere, the death of loved ones, fear for own life, mutual feelings will help overcome this.
Acquaintance. Will Shvabrin's words be confirmed?
At the first meeting, Peter did not yet understand what the commandant’s daughter really was like. Shvabrin described Masha as “a complete fool,” not with the best side. The eighteen-year-old young lady is very silent.“Chubby, with light brown, smoothly combed hair.”
She behaves too modestly, rarely enters into conversation. So on the first day of meeting new residents,
“The girl sat in the corner, did not carry on the conversation, but started sewing.”
About marriage and respect for parents
Vasilisa Egorovna says that it’s time for her daughter to get married.“What is her dowry? A comb, a broom, and an altyn of money.”
Maria became embarrassed, lowered her head, and tears flowed from her eyes. This indicates excessive modesty and obedience. She did not argue with her mother, did not contradict her, was not indignant. At that moment, Grinev looked at the Mironovs’ daughter with great respect.
Loyalty to sincere feelings
Masha will tell Peter that Shvabrin called her to be his wife. Having been refused, the arrogant officer harbored a grudge. She was not attracted by gifts, despite her parents' poverty. The girl does not have prudence. She cannot imagine how you can kiss a person under the aisle without having reciprocity towards him. She loves Peter sincerely and is ready to do anything for him.Masha did not leave Petya’s side when he lay delirious after being wounded in a duel. She cared for the patient with all her might. When Grinev came to his senses and began to talk, she asked him to take care of himself.
“You should save yourself for me.”
Her actions and similar words prove how much she values a person.
Respect for Grinev leads to the desire to receive a blessing for marriage from the beloved’s relatives. When the boy’s father sent a letter of refusal, the girl did not resist. She respects other people’s opinions and will not go against the will of Peter’s loved ones, to the detriment of her feelings. This may characterize her as a weak person, unable to defend herself. Education and respect for elders do not allow one to resist circumstances in this situation. In others life situations The girl will still show strength of character.
Mary's courage, loyalty to moral principles
When Shvabrin, having gone over to the side of the rebel Pugachev, holds Masha captive in the fortress, she will not submit to him, and will not be afraid to give Peter a letter asking for help. In such dangerous situation, when her life is threatened with death, she will take risks. Without a drop of fear, Marya will tell Pugachev that she will not become Shvabrin’s wife.“I will never be his wife! It’s better to decide to die.”
The daughter of the commandant of the Belogorsk fortress will show her boundless love and devotion when she leaves for St. Petersburg to receive the queen to ask her to pardon her beloved. The girl’s honesty and openness will so amaze the empress that she will fulfill her request. Soon Maria will become the wife of Peter Grinev. They will have children. They will live in Simbirsk province.
Respect and love of loved ones
In his diary of memories, the younger Grinev writes that his beloved wasMasha Mironova - main character story by A. S. Pushkin “The Captain's Daughter”. This is a shy, modest girl with an unremarkable appearance: “Then a girl of about eighteen came in, round-faced, ruddy, with light brown hair, combed smoothly behind her ears, which was on fire.” Grinev perceived the captain’s daughter with prejudice, since Shvabrin described her as “a complete fool.”
However, gradually between Pyotr Grinev and The captain's daughter develops mutual sympathy, which has grown into love. Masha is attentive to Grinev, is sincerely worried about him when he decided to fight a duel with Shvabrin (“Marya Ivanovna tenderly reprimanded me for the anxiety caused to everyone by my quarrel with Shvabrin”). The characters' feelings for each other were fully revealed after being seriously wounded, received by Grinev in a duel. Masha did not leave the wounded man, caring for him. The heroine is not characterized by affectation, she simply talks about her feelings (“she, without any affectation, admitted to me her heartfelt inclination...”).
For the chapters in which Masha Mironova appears, the author selected excerpts from Russian texts as epigraphs. folk songs, proverb: Oh, you girl, you red girl! Don’t go, girl, you’re young to get married; You ask, girl, father, mother, Father, mother, clan-tribe; Accumulate, girl, mind-mind, mind-mind, dowry.
If you find me better, you will forget. If you find me worse, you will remember. The use of such epigraphs, whose content corresponds to a particular situation, serves as one of the means of poetizing the image of Masha Mironova, and also allows A. S. Pushkin to emphasize the high spiritual qualities of his heroine, her closeness to the people.
Masha is a poor bride: according to Vasilisa Yegorovna, her daughter’s dowry includes “a fine comb, a broom, and an altyn of money (God forgive me!), with which to go to the bathhouse”; but she does not set herself the goal of ensuring her material well-being through an arranged marriage. She rejected Shvabrin’s marriage proposal because she doesn’t love him: “I don’t love Alexei Ivanych. He is very disgusting to me... Alexey Ivanovich, of course, is an intelligent man, and has a good family name, and has a fortune; but when I think that it will be necessary to kiss him under the aisle in front of everyone... No way! not for any well-being!”
The commandant's daughter was brought up in strictness, obedient to parents, easy to communicate. Having learned that Grinev’s father is against his son’s marriage to her, Masha is upset, but resigns herself to the decision of her beloved’s parents: “I can see fate... Your relatives don’t want me into their family. Let the Lord's will be in everything! God knows better than we do what we need. There is nothing to do, Pyotr Andreich, at least be happy...” In this episode, the depth of her nature is revealed. Masha, feeling responsible for her beloved, refuses to get married without her parents’ blessing: “Without their blessing, you will not be happy.”
Tests The hardships that befall the girl instill in her perseverance and courage. Parents considered Masha a coward, because she was scared to death of a cannon shot on Vasilisa Egorovna’s name day. But when Shvabrin, under pain of death, forces her to marry him, Masha does everything possible to save herself. Left orphaned and deprived of her home, the girl managed to survive without losing her spiritual qualities. Considering himself to be the culprit of Grinev’s arrest and realizing that in order to save her honor, he would never utter her name in court, Masha decides to go to St. Petersburg and independently draws up an action plan to restore justice. Big role Masha’s ability to win over people of different character and social status also played a role in this.
What is the meaning of the title of the story? Why “The Captain’s Daughter”, because the main character of the work is rather Pyotr Grinev? Of course, the events taking place in the story are in one way or another connected with the image of Masha Mironova. But I believe that A. S. Pushkin sought to show how in difficult trials they manifest themselves human qualities , sometimes hidden. Honesty, morality, purity - the main qualities of Masha Mironova - allowed her to overcome her bitter fate, find a home, family, happiness, save the future of her loved one, his honor.
Daughter of the commandant of the Belogorsk fortress. This is an ordinary Russian girl, “chubby, ruddy, with light brown hair.” By nature she was cowardly: she was afraid even of a gun shot. Masha lived rather secluded and lonely; there were no suitors in their village. Her mother, Vasilisa Egorovna, said about her: “Masha; a girl of marriageable age, what is her dowry? - a fine comb, a broom, and an altyn of money, with which to go to the bathhouse. It’s good if there is a good one; otherwise sit in the girls as an eternal bride.” Having met Grinev, Masha fell in love with him. After Shvabrin’s quarrel with Grinev, she talked about Shvabrin’s offer to become his wife. Masha, naturally, refused this proposal: “Alexey Ivanovich, of course, is an intelligent man, has a good family name, and has a fortune; but when I think that it will be necessary to kiss him under the aisle in front of everyone. Never! Not for any well-being!” Masha, who did not dream of fabulous wealth, did not want to marry for convenience.
In a duel with Shvabrin, Grinev was seriously wounded and lay unconscious for several days. All these days Masha looked after him. Having come to his senses, Grinev confesses his love to her, after which “she, without any affectation, confessed to Grinev her heartfelt inclination and said that her parents would be glad of her happiness.” But Masha did not want to get married without the blessing of his parents. Grinev did not receive a blessing, and Masha immediately moved away from him, although it was very difficult for her to do this, since her feelings still remained strong.
After the capture of the fortress by Pugachev, Masha’s parents were executed, and she was hidden in her house by the priest. Shvabrin, intimidating the priest and priest, took Masha and put her under lock and key, forcing her to marry him. Fortunately, she manages to send a letter to Grinev asking for release: “God was pleased to suddenly deprive me of my father and mother: I have neither relatives nor patrons on earth. I come running to you, knowing that you always wished me well and that you are ready to help every person...”
Grinev did not leave her in Hard time and arrived with Pugachev. Masha had a conversation with Pugachev, from which he learned that Shvabrin was not her husband. She said: “He is not my husband. I will never be his wife! I decided better to die, and I will die if they don’t deliver me.” After these words, Pugachev understood everything: “Come out, red maiden; I give you freedom.” Masha saw in front of her a man who was the killer of her parents, and, at the same time, her savior. And instead of words of gratitude, “she covered her face with both hands and fell unconscious.”
Pugachev released Grinev and Masha, saying: “Take your beauty; take her wherever you want, and God give you love and advice!” They went to Grinev’s parents, but along the way Grinev stayed to fight in another fortress, and Masha and Savelich continued on their way. Grinev’s parents received Masha well: “they saw the grace of God in the fact that they had the opportunity to shelter and caress a poor orphan. Soon they became sincerely attached to her, because it was impossible to recognize her and not love her.” Grinev’s love for Masha no longer seemed like an “empty whim” to his parents; they only wanted their son to marry the captain’s daughter.
Soon Grinev was arrested. Masha was very worried, because she knew the real reason for the arrest and considered herself guilty of Grinev’s misfortunes. “She hid her tears and suffering from everyone and meanwhile constantly thought about ways to save him.”
Masha got ready to go to St. Petersburg, telling Grinev’s parents that “her entire future fate depends on this trip, that she is going to seek protection and help from strong people like the daughter of a man who suffered for his fidelity.” In Tsarskoe Selo, while walking through the garden, she met and got into conversation with one noble lady. Masha told her about Grinev, and the lady promised to help by talking with the empress. Soon Masha was called to the palace. In the palace, she recognized the empress as the same lady with whom she had spoken in the garden. The Empress announced to her the release of Grinev, saying: “I am indebted to the daughter of Captain Mironov.”
In Masha’s meeting with the empress, the character of the captain’s daughter is truly revealed - a simple Russian girl, cowardly by nature, without any education, who at the right moment found in herself enough strength, fortitude and unyielding determination to achieve the acquittal of her innocent fiancé .
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Answers:
The novel “The Captain's Daughter” is mature and one of best works Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. The novel creates a wide panorama of events on the eve and during the peasant war led by Pugachev. The heroic time also gave birth to selfless characters. I would like to dwell on the image of Marya Ivanovna Mironova, trace all the changes that happened to her, and explain their reason. At the beginning of the work, we are presented with a timid, timid girl, about whom her mother says that she is a “coward.” A homeless woman who only has “a fine comb, a broom, and an altyn of money.” Over time, the character of Marya Ivanovna, “a prudent and sensitive girl,” is revealed to readers. She is capable of deep and sincere love, but her innate nobility does not allow her to sacrifice her principles. She is ready to give up personal happiness because she does not have the blessing of her parents. “No, Pyotr Andreich,” answered Masha, “I will not marry you without the blessing of your parents. Without their blessing you will not be happy. Let us submit to the will of God.” But the life around her changes dramatically, the “rebels of the villain Pugachev” come to the fortress, and Masha’s position also changes. From the captain's daughter, she becomes Shvabrin's prisoner. It would seem that a weak and timid girl should submit to the will of her tormentor. But Masha shows here traits that were still living latently in her. She is ready to die, just not to become the wife of Alexei Ivanovich. Rescued by Pugachev and Grinev, Marya Ivanovna gradually regains her lost balance. But here’s a new test: Grinev is put on trial as a traitor. Only she can prove his innocence. Marya Ivanovna finds the strength and determination to go to the empress’s court to seek protection. Now in these fragile hands the fate of a loved one, the guarantee of future happiness. And we see that this girl had enough determination, resourcefulness and intelligence to save Grinev and restore justice. Thus, throughout the novel, the character of this girl gradually changes. From a timid, dumb “coward” she grows into a brave and determined heroine, capable of defending her right to happiness. That is why the novel is named after her “The Captain's Daughter”. She is a true heroine. Her best features will develop and manifest themselves in the heroines of Tolstoy and Turgenev, Nekrasov and Ostrovsky.
