based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time"
Indifference and responsiveness.
Why is indifference dangerous?
Indifference is a feeling that can manifest itself not only in relation to other people, but also to life in general. Pechorin, the central character of The Hero of Our Time, is shown by M.Yu. Lermontov as a person who does not see the joys of life. He is bored all the time, he quickly loses interest in people and places, so the main objective his life is a search for "adventure". His life is an endless attempt to feel at least something. According to the famous literary critic Belinsky, Pechorin "furiously pursues life, looking for it everywhere." His indifference reaches the point of absurdity, turning into indifference to himself. According to Pechorin himself, his life "is becoming emptier day by day." He sacrifices his life in vain, embarks on adventures that do no good to anyone. On the example of this hero, one can see that indifference spreads in the soul of a person, like a dangerous disease. It leads to sad consequences and broken destinies of both those around and the most indifferent person. An indifferent person cannot be happy, because his heart is not capable of loving people.
Purpose and means.
What means can not be used to achieve the goal?
Sometimes, in order to achieve their goals, people forget about the means that they choose on the way to what they want. So, one of the characters in the novel "A Hero of Our Time" Azamat wanted to get a horse that belonged to Kazbich. He was ready to offer everything that he had and what he did not own. The desire to get Karagoz won over all the feelings that were in him. Azamat, in order to achieve his goal, betrayed his family: he sold his sister to get what he wanted, fled from home, fearing punishment. His betrayal resulted in the death of his father and sister. Azamat, despite the consequences, destroyed everything that was dear to him in order to get what he so passionately desired. On his example, you can see that not all means are good for achieving the goal.
The relationship between ends and means.
The ratio of goals and means can be found on the pages of the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time". Trying to achieve the goal, people sometimes do not understand that not all means will help them in this. One of the characters in the novel A Hero of Our Time, Grushnitsky, longed to be recognized. He sincerely believed that the position and money would help him in this. In the service, he was looking for a promotion, believing that this would solve his problems, attract the girl he was in love with. His dreams were not destined to come true, because true respect and recognition are not connected with money. The girl he wanted preferred someone else, because love has nothing to do with public recognition and status.
What are false goals?
When a person sets false goals for himself, their achievement does not bring satisfaction. Central character novel "A Hero of Our Time" Pechorin set himself all his life different goals hoping that their achievement will bring him joy. He falls in love with the women he likes. Using all means, he wins their hearts, but later loses interest. So, becoming interested in Bela, he decides to steal her, and then achieve the location of a wild Circassian. However, having reached the goal, Pechorin begins to get bored, her love does not bring him happiness. In the chapter "Taman" he meets a strange girl and a blind boy who are involved in smuggling. In an effort to find out their secret, he does not sleep for days and watches them. His excitement is fueled by a sense of danger, but on the way to achieving the goal, he changes people's lives. Being exposed, the girl is forced to flee and leave the blind boy and the elderly woman to fend for themselves. Pechorin does not set himself true goals, he only strives to dispel boredom, which not only leads him to disappointment, but also breaks the fate of people who are on his way.
The novel "A Hero of Our Time" became a continuation of the theme of "superfluous people". This theme was first heard in A. S. Pushkin's novel in verse "Eugene Onegin". Herzen named Pechorin younger brother Onegin. In the preface to the novel, the author shows his attitude towards his hero. Like Pushkin in Eugene Onegin ("I'm always glad to see the difference between Onegin and myself"), Lermontov ridiculed attempts to equate the novel's author and its protagonist. Lermontov did not consider Pechorin goodie from which to take an example. The author emphasized that in the image of Pechorin, a portrait is given not of one person, but artistic type, which absorbed the features of a whole generation of young people at the beginning of the century.
In Lermontov's novel A Hero of Our Time, a young man is shown suffering from his restlessness, in despair asking himself a painful question: “Why did I live? For what purpose was I born? He has not the slightest inclination to follow the well-trodden path of secular young men. Pechorin is an officer. He serves, but is not served. Does not study music, does not study philosophy or military affairs. But we can't help but see that Pechorin is on his head
above the people around him, that he is smart, educated, talented, brave, energetic. We are repelled by the indifference of the hero, his inability to true love, friendship, his individualism and selfishness. But Pechorin captivates us with a thirst for life, a desire for the best, the ability to critically evaluate our actions. He is deeply unsympathetic to us by the “pathetic actions”, the waste of his strength, by the actions by which he brings suffering to other people. But we see that he himself suffers deeply.
The character of Pechorin is complex and contradictory. The hero of the novel says about himself: "There are two people in me: one lives in the full sense of the word, the other thinks and judges him ...". What are the reasons for this dichotomy? “I told the truth - they did not believe me: I began to deceive; knowing well the light and springs of society, I became skilled in the science of life ... ”- admits Pechorin. He learned to be secretive, vindictive, bilious, ambitious, became, in his words, moral cripple. Pechorin is an egoist. More Pushkin's Onegin Belinsky called "a suffering egoist" and "an unwilling egoist." The same can be said about Pechorin. He is disappointed in life, a pessimist.
In the socio-political conditions of the 30s of the XIX century, Pechorin cannot find a use for himself. He is wasted on petty adventures, exposes his forehead to Chechen bullets, seeks oblivion in love. But all this is just a search for some way out, just an attempt to unwind.
He is haunted by boredom and the consciousness that such a life is not worth living. Throughout the novel, we see a person who is accustomed to looking at "the suffering, joys of others only in relation to himself" - as a "food" that supports his spiritual strength, it is on this path that he seeks consolation from the boredom that haunts him, tries to fill the emptiness of his existence.
And yet Pechorin is a richly gifted nature. He possesses analytical mind, his assessments of people and their actions are very accurate; he is critical not only of others, but also of himself. His diary is nothing but self-disclosure. He is endowed with a warm heart capable of deeply feeling
(Bela's death, a date with Vera) and worry a lot, although he tries to hide his emotional experiences under the guise of indifference. Indifference, callousness - a means of self-defense. Pechorin is still a strong-willed, strong, active person, “life forces” are dormant in his chest, he is capable of action. But all his actions carry not a positive, but a negative charge, all his activities are aimed not at creation, but at destruction. In this, Pechorin is similar to the hero of the poem "The Demon". Indeed, in his appearance (especially at the beginning of the novel) there is something demonic, mysterious. In all the short stories that Lermontov combined in the novel, Pechorin appears before us as a destroyer of the lives and destinies of other people: because of him, the Circassian Bela is deprived of shelter and dies, Maxim Maksimych is disappointed in friendship, Mary and Vera suffer, Grushnitsky dies from his hand, forced to leave native home"honest" smugglers, young officer Vulich dies. Belinsky saw in Pechorin's character "a transitional state of the spirit, in which for a person everything old has been destroyed, and there is no new yet, in which a person is only the possibility of something real in the future and a perfect ghost in the present."
creative way Lermontov began in the era of the dominance of poetic genres. First prose work- unfinished historical novel"Vadim" (the name is conditional, since the first sheet of the manuscript has not been preserved) - refers to 1833-1834. Main character...
When analyzing the character and actions of Grigory Alexandrovich Pechorin, the hero of his time, did it ever occur to you to look at female images novel, not as a background that makes the image of the protagonist brighter and fuller, but as an independent phenomenon, the heroines...
The novel \"A Hero of Our Time\", when published, caused conflicting opinions among readers. The image of Pechorin was unusual for them. In the preface, Lermontov gives his explanation for this: “Why is this character ... not found in you ...
In the novel, Lermontov portrayed a man of his time, because, according to the author, Pechorin is “a portrait, but not of one person: it is a portrait made up of the vices of our entire generation, in their full development” (preface to the novel). Thus, the author, drawing ...
"A Hero of Our Time", written by Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov, shows us one of the latest images in literature, earlier discovered by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin in "Eugene Onegin". This is the image of an "extra person", shown through the main character, officer Grigory Pechorin. The reader already in the first part of "Bel" sees the tragedy of this character.
Grigory Pechorin is a typical " extra person". He is young, attractive in appearance, talented and smart, but life itself seems boring to him. The new occupation soon begins to bother him, and the hero embarks on a new search for vivid impressions. An example of this can be the same trip to the Caucasus, where Pechorin meets Maxim Maksimych, and then with Azamat and his sister Bela, a beautiful Circassian.
Grigory Pechorin has little desire for hunting in the mountains and communication with the inhabitants of the Caucasus, and he, in love with Bela, kidnaps her with the help of the heroine's brother, wayward and proud Azamat. A young and weak-minded girl falls in love with a Russian officer. It would seem that, mutual love What else does a hero need? But soon he gets bored with it. Pechorin suffers, Bela suffers, offended by the inattention and coldness of her lover, and Maxim Maksimych, who observes all this, also suffers. The disappearance of Bela brought many troubles to the girl's family, as well as to Kazbich, who wanted to marry her.
These events end tragically. Bela dies almost in the hands of Pechorin, and he can only leave those places. From his eternal boredom and searches, people who have nothing to do with the hero suffered. And the "extra person" goes on.
This example alone is enough to understand how Pechorin, because of his boredom, is able to interfere in other people's destinies. He cannot cling to one thing and hold on to it all his life, he needs a change of place, a change of society, a change of occupation. And still he will be bored with reality, and still he will go on. If people are looking for something and, having found a goal, they calm down on this, then Pechorin cannot decide and find his “finish”. If he stops, he will still suffer - from monotony and boredom. Even in the case of Bela, where he had a mutual love with a young Circassian, true friend in the person of Maxim Maksimych (after all, the old man was ready to help Pechorin) and the service, Pechorin still returned to his state of boredom and apathy.
But the hero cannot find his place in society and life, not only because any occupation quickly becomes boring for him. He is indifferent to all people, which can be observed in the part "Maxim Maksimych". People who had not seen each other for five years could not even talk, because Pechorin, with absolute indifference to the interlocutor, is trying to finish the meeting with Maxim Maksimych as soon as possible, who, by the way, managed to miss Grigory.
It is safe to say that Pechorin, as true hero of our time, is able to be found in each of modern people. Indifference to people and the endless search for oneself will remain the eternal features of the society of any era and country.
Option 2
G. Pechorin is the central character of the work "A Hero of Our Time". Lermontov was accused of portraying a moral monster, an egoist. However, the figure of Pechorin is extremely ambiguous and requires in-depth analysis.
Lermontov did not accidentally call Pechorin a hero of our time. His problem is that he has been in a corrupting world since childhood. high society. In a sincere impulse, he tells Princess Mary how he tried to act and act according to truth and conscience. They did not understand him and laughed at him. Gradually, this produced a serious turning point in Pechorin's soul. He starts acting against moral ideals and achieves location and favor in a noble society. At the same time, he acts strictly in accordance with his own interests and benefits and becomes an egoist.
Pechorin is constantly oppressed by longing, he is bored in environment. Moving to the Caucasus only temporarily revives the hero. Soon he gets used to the danger and again begins to get bored.
Pechorin vitally needs a constant change of impressions. Three women appear in his life (Bela, Princess Mary, Vera). All of them become victims of the restless nature of the hero. He himself does not feel much pity for them. He is sure that he always did the right thing. If love has passed or has not even arisen, then he is not to blame for this. His character is to blame.
Pechorin, for all his shortcomings, is an exceptionally truthful image. His tragedy is limited noble society Lermontov era. If the majority is trying to hide their shortcomings and unseemly acts, then Pechorin's honesty does not allow him to do this.
The individualism of the protagonist could, in other conditions, help him become outstanding personality. But he does not find use for his powers and as a result appears to those around him as a soulless and strange person.
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Arguments for the final essay in the areas: "Indifference and responsiveness", "Purpose and means". M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time". Part 3 Indifference and responsiveness.
Why is indifference dangerous?
Indifference is a feeling that can manifest itself not only in relation to other people, but also to life in general. , the central character of the novel "A Hero of Our Time", is shown by M.Yu. Lermontov as a person who does not see the joys of life. He is bored all the time, he quickly loses interest in people and places, so the main goal of his life is the search for "adventure". His life is an endless attempt to feel at least something. According to the well-known literary critic Belinsky, Pechorin "is furiously chasing life, looking for it everywhere." His indifference reaches the point of absurdity, turning into indifference to himself. According to Pechorin himself, his life "is becoming emptier day by day." He sacrifices his life in vain, embarks on adventures that do no good to anyone. On the example of this hero, one can see that indifference spreads in the soul of a person, like a dangerous disease. It leads to sad consequences and broken destinies of both those around and the most indifferent person. An indifferent person cannot be happy, because his heart is not capable of loving people.
Purpose and means.
What means can not be used to achieve the goal?
Sometimes, in order to achieve their goals, people forget about the means that they choose on the way to what they want. So, one of the characters in the novel "A Hero of Our Time" Azamat wanted to get a horse that belonged to Kazbich. He was ready to offer everything that he had and what he did not own. The desire to get Karagoz won over all the feelings that were in him. Azamat, in order to achieve his goal, betrayed his family: he sold his sister to get what he wanted, fled from home, fearing punishment. His betrayal resulted in the death of his father and sister. Azamat, despite the consequences, destroyed everything that was dear to him in order to get what he so passionately desired. On his example, you can see that not all means are good for achieving the goal.
The ratio of ends and means.
The ratio of goals and means can be found on the pages of the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time". Trying to achieve the goal, people sometimes do not understand that not all means will help them in this. One of the characters in the novel A Hero of Our Time, Grushnitsky, longed to be recognized. He sincerely believed that the position and money would help him in this. In the service, he was looking for a promotion, believing that this would solve his problems, attract the girl he was in love with. His dreams were not destined to come true, because true respect and recognition are not connected with money. The girl he sought preferred another, because love has nothing to do with social recognition and status.
What are false goals??
When a person sets false goals for himself, their achievement does not bring satisfaction. The central character of the novel A Hero of Our Time, Pechorin, set himself various goals all his life, hoping that their achievement would bring him joy. He falls in love with the women he likes. Using all means, he wins their hearts, but later loses interest. So, becoming interested in Bela, he decides to steal her, and then achieve the location of a wild Circassian. However, having reached the goal, Pechorin begins to get bored, her love does not bring him happiness. In the chapter "Taman" he meets a strange girl and a blind boy who are involved in smuggling. In an effort to find out their secret, he does not sleep for days and watches them. His excitement is fueled by a sense of danger, but on the way to achieving the goal, he changes people's lives. Being exposed, the girl is forced to flee and leave the blind boy and the elderly woman to fend for themselves. Pechorin does not set himself true goals, he only strives to dispel boredom, which not only leads him to disappointment, but also breaks the fate of people who are on his way.
