Apartment house at the corner of Soimonovsky Proezd, 1 and Moskovskaya, it was built in the period from 1905 to 1907 by order of railway engineer Pyotr Nikolaevich Pertsov, who laid the Russian Empire thousands of kilometers of railway tracks and a former very wealthy man.
Architects Nikolai Konstantinovich Zhukov and, in fact, Pertsov himself took part in the design and construction of the building, designed in the neo-Russian Art Nouveau style. The basis was taken from a sketch made by the artist Sergei Vasilyevich Malyutin.
Photo 1. Soimonovsky proezd, No. 1 in Moscow
The history of the construction of the “fairy tale house” began back in 1902, when Pertsov, in his words, visited Ivan Evmenievich Tsvetkov, who had recently built a gallery house for his collection of paintings by Russian painters.
The view from the windows of the house of the Moscow River flowing nearby amazed Pyotr Nikolaevich, which he told the owner about. He also said that he was jealous of Tsvetkov and the place he had chosen for construction. And then Ivan Evmenievich indicated that he would show another wonderful place in the neighborhood, but with the condition that Tsvetkov, if he bought the plot, would build a house on it and only in the Russian style.
A property with a nondescript three-story building, which at that time was owned by N.V. Ushakov, like many plots in this area, was bought for 70 thousand rubles and registered in the name of Pertsov’s wife, Zinaida, which is why today it is also called Pertsova’s apartment house.
Photo 2. Facade of Pertsova’s apartment building
At the beginning of 1906, Pyotr Nikolaevich announced a competition of projects, and it was closed. To participate in it, the owner invited artists Apollinary Mikhailovich Vasnetsov, Sergei Vasilyevich Malyutin, architect-artist Leonid Mikhailovich Brailovsky and architect Diederichs. The jury included such luminaries as Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov, Vasily Ivanovich Surikov, Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov, Fyodor Osipovich Shekhtel, Illarion Aleksandrovich Ivanov-Shits, Sergei Ustinovich Solovyov and Stanislav Vladislavovich Noakovsky.
The first prize in the amount of 800 rubles went to Apollinariy Vasnetsov, and the second was awarded to Sergei Malyutin with 500 rubles. But according to the terms of the competition, the customer had the right to choose any project he liked from those that received prizes. Pyotr Nikolaevich Pertsov settled on a sketch of Malyutin’s work.
Architecture of Pertsova's apartment building
The current building is based on a three-story building with small window openings, above which a fourth level was built with large windows to create studios for artists to work there. There was also a balcony called “The Queen’s Conversation”, which was crowned with a gilded dome.
On the side of Prechistenskaya embankment, a four-story mansion was erected for the Pertsovs themselves to live in, and along Kursovoy Lane a flight building with a stylishly arranged main entrance was erected. The façade planes were richly decorated with majolica paintings made by the Murava company, which included young artists from the famous Stroganov School.
We approached the design of the engineering part with utmost care. Thus, in Pertsova’s apartment building there were no wooden floors, and water and sewer lines, as well as electrical wiring, were hidden in the walls and special niches, inaccessible to the eyes of the residents.
Ultimately, a house with a great variety of architectural forms looks quite organic. The design of the facades is made in the techniques inherent in the Art Nouveau style: asymmetrical arrangement of window openings, original balconies, rich decor of the facades, tower-shaped roof superstructures.
The roof ridge was originally decorated with a gilded lattice with lions, and above the green tower there was once a rooster, also covered with gold leaf. The main rooms were decorated with wooden carvings, as well as rich wall paintings.
Pertsova's apartment building in Moscow is one of the most amazing sights of the capital. The history of its foundation is the story of a creative person’s dream coming true.
Who is the author of the project for such a building?
The idea of creation unusual house with apartments for residents and studios for artists originated with P. N. Pertsov, who lived in Moscow at the beginning of the twentieth century. Being an excellent engineer and a great lover of art, Pyotr Nikolaevich organized a closed competition for best project Houses. He appointed a prize of 800 rubles to the one whose project took first place, and 500 rubles for second place.
According to his plan, Pertsova’s house was supposed to reflect the spirit of Russian architecture and traditions, but at the same time be modern. The artist S.V. Milyutin, the architect A.I. Diederichs, and the architect-artist L.M. Brailovsky presented their works to the jury. The first prize went to Vasnetsov. But Pertsov decided to build according to the design of Milyutin (the author of the painting of the first Russian nesting doll), since it was not so standard.
Pertsova's house in Moscow. Description
This richly decorated building was built in two years. Pertsova's house turned out to be elegant and magnificent. The red brick building, in the facade of which motifs of the ancient Slavic tower are visible, looks like an organic whole. The tourist's gaze is also struck by the asymmetrically located windows, balconies, and unusual tower-like roof projections. Balconies decorated with sculptures of dragons, a gilded lattice with lions installed on the roof ridge. And above the green tower, on the roof, rises a gilded rooster. The facade is richly decorated with majolica panels depicting the sun, bull, fish, bears and other animals in a bizarre manner.
An interesting story about decorating the walls between the fourth floor windows and the pediments with majolica. At that time, there was a certain company “Murava” in Moscow. It was organized by young artists. The guys were talented, ready to show their creative abilities, but, unfortunately, little known. After all, everything wealthy people they preferred to deal with venerable, famous artists. So the artel was one step away from closure. Pertsov made the right decision by entrusting his order to this company. Young artists were able to realize their powerful creative potential, taking into account all the wishes and tastes of the client.
During the construction of the house, the customer’s requirements regarding modern technologies. The house had no electrical wiring, plumbing, and sewer lines were carefully hidden.
Home interior
The interior of the house was no less magnificent than the exterior. The bedrooms had niches, and the smoking rooms were decorated in oriental style. Original and staircases decorated with unique carvings.
To decorate the ceremonial chambers they were invited the best masters Pertsova's apartment building provided apartments to residents of different social strata. There were options for the rich and for poorer residents. In total, the building had about 400 apartments, varying in size. The building had eighteen elevators, telephones, public baths and a reading room for residents.
In addition to private apartments, the house housed a confectionery store “Mignon” and several offices of varying importance. Within the walls of the house was the Ars publishing house, which published the magazine “On the Banks of the Neva.” Pertsova’s house was so cozy and modern that there were many more people wanting to live in it than there were apartments.
The basement of a wonderful house. Description
Tourists will be very interested in the history of the basement of Pertsov’s house. It was here that the iconic, as they say now, cafe was located “ Bat" It gathered the most famous representatives metropolitan bohemia. Mostly these were artists of the Moscow Art Theater. For example, V.I. Shverubovich, the most talented artist of his time, world famous under the pseudonym Kachalov. The wife of A.P. Chekhov, the outstanding actress O.L. Knipper-Chekhova, often performed here. And the famous Nemirovich-Danchenko was the conductor of an amateur orchestra created from among actors and successfully performing. His friend and colleague K. S. Stanislavsky demonstrated unprecedented miracles of black and white magic. The kind of atmosphere that reigned in the cafe can be judged by the clause from the charter “Do not be offended.” Actors and other cafe visitors showed themselves here in completely different roles, sometimes contrary to reality.
The apartment of the owners themselves was decorated with mahogany panels, the dining room was made of carved oak, the cornices and platbands, covered with outlandish carvings, were made of birch. There was even a dish elevator equipped to transport dishes from the kitchen to the buffet in the dining room. The rooms contained paintings by famous artists.
The period of Bolshevik rule. What happened to the house?
After the Bolsheviks seized power, Pertsova’s house in Moscow was nationalized, and expensive apartments were seized by newly minted fighters for the happiness of the people. For example, L. D. Trotsky had his eye on the most original four-room apartment of a certain eccentric Pozdnyakov. Then he moved into the personal chambers of the lady’s owners, not forgetting to appropriate their unique things: rare paintings, sculptures, furniture, vases, etc. What aroused the admiration of foreign diplomats, who, being at receptions in Trotsky’s mansion, expressed their amazement at the exquisite taste of Lev Davidovich.
They did not suspect that he had only taken away all these works of art and other accessories from the true owners of the Pertsov house. Meanwhile, the creator of the unusual house was first evicted from his home and then sent to prison, since Nikolai Petrovich openly opposed the destruction of churches. He spent about 3 years in prison and was then released.
Address
Where is Pertsova's house in Moscow? Its address is as follows: 1st Kursovoy Lane, 1. Although there is a sign on the house with the inscription “Prechistenskaya Embankment, 35”.
How to get there?
To get to such a unique attraction, a tourist should take the metro and get to the station called “Kropotkinskaya”. When exiting the metro, you must go towards the sign “Ostozhenka, Prechistenka, Soymonovsky proezd”. In this direction, after walking four hundred meters, the tourist will be able to see Pertsova’s apartment building in Moscow described above, a photo of which is presented in the article. True, unfortunately, the former splendor no longer exists.
Pertsova's house in Moscow. What's there now?
In the fifties of the last century, here, among other things, there was a dormitory for the station post office.
Nowadays the building houses the Comedians Theater. There are also several dance and design studios, centers, offices, and clubs in the house. Post office and prosecutor's office central region also settled in this interesting house.
Tourists will be able to find shelter and delicious food here, since the building houses several mini-hotels and mini-hotels, as well as catering establishments.
A little conclusion
Now you know where Pertsova’s house is located, as well as what it looks like. We also touched upon the topic of creating a project, constructing the building itself. We hope that the information presented in the article was interesting and useful to you.
Pertsov's house, or as it is also called the “fairy tale house,” is located on the corner of Prechistenskaya embankment. The history of this house began at the beginning of the 20th century. At that time, there was practically no residential development on the banks of the Moscow River on Prechistenskaya Embankment; the bend of the river was occupied only by warehouses and industrial buildings. It was here that Ivan Evmenievich Tsvetkov looked for a place for himself art gallery. The facade was drawn by V.M. Vasnetsov, and all interior decoration the collector completed it himself, keeping all 12 museum halls in the same style. In 1907, the museum was opened to the public.
But even at the construction stage, it is visited by travel engineer Pyotr Nikolaevich Pertsov, who is delighted with the location of the house, and also becomes infected with the idea of implementing it in the Old Russian style. Pertsov is ready to follow the example of the collector and buys a corner plot of the embankment for a considerable sum of 70 thousand rubles at that time. There was an ugly three-story brick house on the site, and this made the task of transforming the existing ensemble even more interesting.
Pyotr Nikolaevich is a man of new times. He is an excellent engineer who has built thousands of kilometers across Russia. railways, an excellent organizer who knows how to make money and use it.
Fascinated by the idea of a house on Prechistenskaya Embankment, Pertsov is looking for the best solution for the city and himself. He announces a closed competition for the project of an “apartment house” in the Russian style, in which all are invited to participate: famous artists A.M. Vasnetsov, and S.Z. Malyutin, author of the Russian nesting doll, architects A.I. Diederichs and L.M. Brailovsky. The condition of the competition was that the house “meet the spirit and traditions of Moscow and the requirements of modernity.” The first prize was determined at 800, the second at 500 rubles, while the customer reserved the right to build any of the projects he liked. V.M. was invited to the jury of the competition. Vasnetsov, V.I. Surikov, V.D. Polenov, F.O. Shekhtel, I.A. Ivanov-Shits, S.U. Soloviev and S.V. Noakovsky.
The first prize was awarded to Vasnetsov, the second to Malyutin, but Pertsov did not agree with this decision. Vasnetsov’s version seemed formulaic to him, Malyutin’s, in the Moscow Empire style, also did not answer original plan. As a result, Pyotr Nikolaevich finds among the artist’s initial options one that he recognizes as ideal.
Malyutin's idea was that the already existing three-story brick building was supposed to be built with a fourth floor with large windows for studio rooms for artists. A four-story mansion was attached to it along the embankment, and on the side of Kursovoy Lane there was a special detached building with a stylishly designed main entrance, richly covered with majolica painting. The entire building was crowned with high, separately designed roofs, and the walls and gables of the house were richly decorated with colorful majolica. Graduates of the Stroganov School were brought in as performers of the majolica decoration, for whom the work on the Pertsov house brought fame and many orders.
Pertsov personally supervised all the work and paid attention to all the details of the construction. All work was carried out simultaneously, and four months after the start of work, the construction was completed. At the beginning of April 1907, the apartments were announced for delivery.
The owners' apartment was also located in this house, but had a special entrance from the embankment and was located on three floors. The basement was converted by Pertsov into a hall for young people; there were five children in the family. At one time the basement was rented out to artists from the Moscow Art Theater"Bat".
Events October revolution passed Pertsov by. And he lived another thirteen years. Buried his beloved wife. All his children emigrated, he did not follow them, considering himself not entitled to move away from the fate of his Russia.
1937-1938: List of residents of the house - Ligovskaya st., 44,
- victims as a result mass repression according to Article 58 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR:
(continuation)
"13. Krastyn Yan Frantsevich, born in 1891, native of the village of Zvanytai, Courland province, Latvian, non-party member, carpenter of the 2nd motor vehicle fleet of the Leningrad City Council, lived: Leningrad, Ligovskaya st., 44, apt. 608
. Arrested on December 3, 1937, by the Commission of the NKVD and the USSR Prosecutor's Office on December 29, 1937, sentenced under Art. Art. 58-7-8-9-10-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to capital punishment. Shot in Leningrad on January 4, 1938.
14. Glacier Ivan Fedorovich, born in 1903, native of the village. Podsvilye Disnenskogo u. Vilna province, Belarusian, member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in 1920-1937, head of the Kirov railway. d., resided: Leningrad, Ligovskaya st., 44, apt. 303 . Arrested on August 8, 1937. On October 1, 1937, the Commission of the NKVD and the USSR Prosecutor's Office sentenced under Art. Art. 58-6-7-9-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to capital punishment. Shot in Leningrad on October 6, 1937.
15. Lench Ivan Iosifovich, born in 1897, native of Korostensky district. Volyn province, Pole, non-party member, foreman of stokers at the post office of Art. Leningrad-Moskovsky, resided: Leningrad, Ligovskaya st., 44, apt. 410 . Arrested on January 29, 1938, by the Commission of the NKVD and the USSR Prosecutor's Office on March 25, 1938, sentenced under Art. Art. 17-58-8, 58-10-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to capital punishment. Shot in Leningrad on April 2, 1938.
16. Markevich Emelyan Vikentievich, born in 1894, native of the village of Ostrovki, Novogrudok district. Minsk province, Pole, non-party, locomotive driver of the station depot. Sorting station of the Moscow line Oct. and. d., resided: Leningrad, Ligovskaya st., 44, apt. 520 . Arrested on April 10, 1938. On April 28, 1938, the Commission of the NKVD and the USSR Prosecutor's Office sentenced under Art. Art. 58-9-10-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to capital punishment. Shot in Leningrad on May 22, 1938.
17. Makhov Alexey Fedorovich, born in 1903, native of the village of Eremeytsevo, Lyubimsky district, Yaroslavl region, Russian, member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in 1927-1938, carriage master of the Kirov railway. d., resided: Leningrad, Ligovskaya st., 44, apt. 424 . Arrested on January 14, 1938. On February 21, 1938, he was sentenced under Art. Art. 58-7-9-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to capital punishment. Shot in Leningrad on March 1, 1938.
18. Okhotin Anatoly Dmitrievich, born in 1897, native of the village of Zakurino, Pestyakovsky district, Ivanovo region, Russian, member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in 1918-1937, deputy. Head of the Political Department of the Kirov Railway. d., resided: Leningrad, Ligovskaya st., 44, apt. 631 . Arrested on August 7, 1937. On September 22, 1938, by a visiting session of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR in Leningrad, he was sentenced under Art. Art. 58-7-8-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to capital punishment. Shot in Leningrad on September 23, 1938.
19. Pavlov Vladimir Kalenikovich, born in 1895, native of the city of Zhlobin of the BSSR, member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in 1918-1937, head of the locomotive department of Art. Volkhovstroy I Kirov railway. d., where he lived temporarily, permanently lived: Leningrad, Ligovskaya st., 44, apt. 533 . Arrested on September 15, 1937. On October 1, 1937, the Commission of the NKVD and the USSR Prosecutor's Office sentenced under Art. Art. 58-7-9-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to capital punishment. Shot in Leningrad on October 6, 1937.
20. Panov Georgy Ivanovich, born in 1898, native of Dnepropetrovsk, Russian, member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in 1926-1936, early. All-Union Academy of Railways transport named after Stalin, lived: Leningrad, Ligovskaya st., 44, apt. 308 . At a special meeting of the NKVD of the USSR on December 3, 1936, he was convicted under Art. 58-10 for 5 years ITL. He served his sentence in Ukhtpechlag. On December 28, 1937, the NKVD Commission and the USSR Prosecutor's Office sentenced him under Art. Art. 58-8-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to capital punishment. Shot in Leningrad on January 5, 1938.
21. Rytov Alexey Nikolaevich, born in 1895, native of Moscow, Russian, member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in 1927-1938, inspector of Raitranstorgpit-2 Oct. and. d., resided: Leningrad, Ligovskaya st., 44, apt. 314 . Arrested on February 14, 1938. On June 8, 1938, by a special troika of the UNKVD LO, sentenced under Art. Art. 17-58-8, 58-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to capital punishment. Shot in Leningrad on June 18, 1938.
22. Smirnov (Vitchik) Fedor Andreevich, born in 1894, native of the village of Maryino, Maryinskaya Volost. Novgorodsky district and provinces, Latvian, non-party, chief fire department construction of the Lengorvnutorg Fur Palace, resided: Leningrad, Ligovskaya st., 44, room. 359 . Arrested on August 10, 1937. On September 3, 1937, by a special troika of the UNKVD LO, he was sentenced under Art. 58-10 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to capital punishment. Shot in Leningrad on September 6, 1937.
23. Sobol Alexander Nikolaevich, born in 1884, native of the village. Strointsy, Yampolsky district, Vinnitsa region, Russian, non-partisan, deputy head of the traffic service of the Kirov railway. d., resided: Leningrad, Ligovskaya st., 44, apt. 503 . Arrested on August 8, 1937. On October 1, 1937, the Commission of the NKVD and the USSR Prosecutor's Office sentenced under Art. Art. 58-7-9-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to capital punishment. Shot in Leningrad on October 6, 1937.
24. Startsev Fedor Illarionovich, born in 1896, native of the village. Chernyaevka Bogoroditsky u. Tula province, Russian, from the peasantry, member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in 1917-1937, head of the consumer goods department of aircraft plant No. 23, lived: Leningrad, Ligovskaya st., 44, apt. 716
. Arrested on November 1, 1937. On February 26, 1938, by a visiting session of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR in Leningrad, he was sentenced under Art. Art. 58-7-8-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to capital punishment. Shot in Leningrad on February 27, 1938 (His wife Elena Iosifovna Gorelova was sent to the Pinezhsky district, where she was sentenced to 8 years in labor camp). "
(Link.
The Pertsova House (Pertsov House) - a building in the neo-Russian style belonged to Zinaida Alekseevna Pertsova, the wife of railway engineer Pyotr Nikolaevich Pertsov.
The building was conceived as an apartment building for creative intelligentsia. The house included apartments, as well as artists' studios in the upper attic part of the building.
Building
Despite the diversity and complexity of forms, the building is distinguished by its plastic unity and reflects the desire for an artistic synthesis of architecture and forms of fine and graphic art characteristic of the Art Nouveau style. applied arts.
Fairy tale house Other cities, CC BY-SA 3.0In the composition of the facades, the picturesque asymmetry of the arrangement of windows, balconies, and tower-like elevations of the roof adds variety to the monotonous divisions of the apartment building; in the design of the tower-balconies, motifs of ancient Russian decor are used, which are organically combined with elements of Western European medieval architecture.
The decor of the facades is “populated” with whimsical mythological creatures, fabulous animals and plants. Home furniture was made according to Malyutin’s drawings. Similar examples of Malyutin furniture are in the Museum of Decorative and Applied Arts folk art in Moscow.
Malyutin's stylization even extended to the use of mica. Initially, the front rooms in the owners’ apartment were decorated with wooden carvings and paintings.
Pertsova's house. Detail Nina Belyavskaya, CC BY-SA 3.0 The carved decorations of the external doors, stair railings and apartment doors, and the decoration of the main staircase have been preserved.
Story
From 1908 to 1910, the basement housed the artistic cabaret “The Bat,” where Moscow Art Theater celebrities tried themselves in unexpected roles: V. I. Kachalov as a circus wrestler, O. L. Knipper-Chekhova as a Parisian chansonette, V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko conducted an amateur orchestra, K. S. Stanislavsky demonstrated “miracles of black and white magic,” and the charter read “Do not be offended.”
Nina Belyavskaya, CC BY-SA 3.0 They express the opinion that main character story by Ivan Bunin " Clean Monday"lived in this house, however, this is not confirmed by direct indications in the text.
The house housed the studio of artist Robert Falk until the mid-1970s. the house remained residential and then became the property of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Art critic Sergei Glagol in 1913 called Pertsova’s house one of the most original in Russian architecture in recent decades.
The restoration of the building in 1918 was carried out by architect V. A. Mazyrin
