Download book (size 2560Kb, fb2 format) Genre: Science fiction, Language: ru Annotation: Belyaev A. Inventions of Professor Wagner. / Ill. A.S. Plaksina. - Moscow: Pravda, 1990. - 448 pages, ill. The collection of selected works of the remarkable Soviet science fiction writer Alexander Romanovich Belyaev includes the novel "Lord of the World", novels and stories from the series "Inventions of Professor Wagner", which differ ...
Genre: Science Fiction, Language: ru Annotation: A.R. Belyaev is one of the founders of Soviet science fiction literature, who created for his short life more than twenty stories and novels, several dozen short stories, many essays, critical articles, plays, scripts. The collection includes, as well as works well known to readers (“Eternal bread”, “ Last Man from Atlantis”, “Jump into nothing”), …
Genre: Science Fiction, Language: ru Annotation: A little-known story by Alexander Belyaev about an expedition to a planet in another star system.
Genre: Space fantasy, Language: ru Annotation: The fourth volume of the Collected Works of the classic of domestic science and adventure fiction, along with the famous and very popular novel "Professor Dowell's Head", also includes the novels "Star of the CEC" (about the exploration of interplanetary space), "Wonderful Eye ”(about the search for the legendary Atlantis using deep-sea television), as well as the little-known novel “Heavenly Guest” ...
Genre: Science Fiction, Language: ru Annotation: The seventh volume of the complete works of Alexander Belyaev includes stories and essays by the science fiction writer, including famous cycle action-packed short stories about Professor Wagner. Readers will also be able to discover Belyaev's realistic, adventure and children's prose. Most of these works could only be read in various magazines of the 20s and 30s...
Genre: Science Fiction, Language: ru Annotation: The sixth volume of the complete works of Alexander Belyaev includes fantastic novels and short stories different years. More than ten works in this volume have never been reprinted since the 1920s and 1930s, and modern reader read them for the first time. Compiled by Evgeny Kharitonov and Dmitry Baikalov This collection is printed with the approval of Svetlana Alexandrovna ...
Genre: Science Fiction, Language: ru Annotation: In the fifth volume of the complete works of A.R. Belyaev included the last major works famous science fiction writer. Ego is not only the novels Ariel and The Man Who Found His Face well-known to readers, but also the fantasy-adventure story The Castle of the Witches about a German scientist who learned to control cosmic rays to create a superweapon, and also ...
Genre: Science Fiction, Language: ru Annotation: The third volume of the collected works of the classic of Russian and world science fiction A.R. major works written by the writer in the 1930s. The general reader is well aware, perhaps, only of the space epic "Jump into Nothing". But the novel "Airship", the story "The Earth is on fire" and the screenplay "When it goes out ...
Genre: Science Fiction, Language: ru Annotation: The second volume of the collected works of the outstanding science fiction writer A. R. Belyaev includes novels and short stories published in crucial moment Soviet history- 1928–1930 Along with the classics of domestic adventure science fiction novels "Eternal Bread", " golden mountain”, “The Air Seller”, “The Man Who Lost Face” and “Underwater Farmers”, in this volume ...
Genre: Science Fiction, Language: ru Annotation: The story was first published in the journal World Pathfinder (1930, No. 1–2). During the life of the author, it was not included in any of his books, and in the post-war years it was reprinted several times. Belyaev's story French writer Maurice Renard "Doctor Lern" (under the title "New ...
He was born in Smolensk, in the family of an Orthodox priest. The family had two more children: sister Nina died in childhood from sarcoma; brother Vasily, a student at a veterinary institute, drowned while riding a boat.
The father wanted to see in his son the successor of his business and gave him in 1895 to the Smolensk theological seminary. In 1901, Alexander graduated from it, but did not become a priest, on the contrary, he came out of there a convinced atheist. In defiance of his father, he entered the Demidov Juridical Lyceum in Yaroslavl. Soon after the death of his father, he had to earn extra money: Alexander gave lessons, painted scenery for the theater, played the violin in the circus orchestra.
After graduating (in 1906) from the Demidov Lyceum, A. Belyaev received the position of a private attorney in Smolensk and soon gained fame as a good lawyer. He has a regular clientele. Material possibilities also grew: he was able to rent and furnish nice apartment, acquire a good collection of paintings, collect a large library. Having finished any business, he went to travel abroad: he visited France, Italy, visited Venice.
In 1914 he left law for the sake of literature and theater.
At the age of thirty-five, A. Belyaev fell ill with tuberculous pleurisy. The treatment turned out to be unsuccessful - tuberculosis of the spine developed, which was complicated by paralysis of the legs. A serious illness confined him to bed for six years, three of which he was in a cast. The young wife left him, saying that she did not get married to take care of her sick husband. In search of specialists who could help him, A. Belyaev, with his mother and old nanny, ended up in Yalta. There, in the hospital, he began to write poetry. Not succumbing to despair, he is engaged in self-education: he studies foreign languages, medicine, biology, history, technology, reads a lot (Jules Verne, HG Wells, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky). Having defeated the disease, in 1922 he returned to a full life, began to work. First, A. Belyaev became a teacher in an orphanage, then he got a job as an inspector of the criminal investigation department - he organized a photo laboratory there, later he had to go to the library. Life in Yalta was very difficult, and A. Belyaev, with the help of acquaintances, moved with his family to Moscow (1923), where he got a job as a legal adviser. There he began a serious literary activity. He publishes science fiction stories, stories in the magazines "Around the World", "Knowledge is Power", "World Pathfinder", earning the title of "Soviet Jules Verne". In 1925, he published the story "Professor Dowell's Head", which Belyaev himself called an autobiographical story: he wanted to tell "what a head without a body can experience."
A. Belyaev lived in Moscow until 1928; during this time, he wrote "The Island of Lost Ships", "The Last Man from Atlantis", "Amphibian Man", "Struggle on the Air", a collection of stories was published. The author wrote not only under his own name, but also under the pseudonyms A. Rom and Arbel.
In 1928, A. Belyaev and his family moved to Leningrad and since then he has been exclusively engaged in literature, professionally. This is how "Lord of the World", "Underwater Farmers", "The Miraculous Eye", stories from the series "Professor Wagner's Inventions" appeared. They were printed mainly in Moscow publishing houses. However, soon the disease again made itself felt, and I had to move from rainy Leningrad to sunny Kyiv.
The year 1930 turned out to be very difficult for the writer: his six-year-old daughter died of meningitis, the second one fell ill with rickets, and his own illness (spondylitis) soon worsened. As a result, in 1931 the family returned to Leningrad.
In September 1931, A. Belyaev handed over the manuscript of his novel The Earth is Burning to the editors of the Leningrad magazine Vokrug Sveta.
In 1932, he lives in Murmansk (source newspaper "Vecherny Murmansk" dated 10/10/2014). In 1934, he meets with Herbert Wells, who arrived in Leningrad. In 1935, Belyaev became a permanent contributor to the Vokrug Sveta magazine. At the beginning of 1938, after eleven years of intense collaboration, Belyaev left the Vokrug Sveta magazine. In 1938, he published an article called "Cinderella" about the plight of modern science fiction.
Shortly before the war, the writer underwent another operation, so he refused the offer to evacuate when the war began. The city of Pushkin (former Tsarskoye Selo, a suburb of Leningrad), where he lived in last years A. Belyaev with his family was occupied. In January 1942, the writer died of starvation. was buried in mass grave along with other residents of the city. From Osipova's book “Diaries and Letters”: “The writer Belyaev, who wrote science fiction novels like Amphibian Man, froze from hunger in his room. “Frozen from hunger” is an absolutely accurate expression. People are so weak from hunger that they are not able to get up and bring firewood. He was found already completely stiff ... "
The surviving wife of the writer and daughter Svetlana were taken prisoner by the Germans and were in various camps for displaced persons in Poland and Austria until liberated by the Red Army in May 1945. After the end of the war, the wife and daughter of Alexander Romanovich, like many other citizens of the USSR, found themselves in German captivity, were exiled to exile in Western Siberia. They spent 11 years in exile. The daughter did not marry.
The burial place of Alexander Belyaev is not known for certain. A memorial stele at the Kazan cemetery in the city of Pushkin was installed only on the alleged grave.
Alexander Romanovich Belyaev - was born on March 4 (16 n.s.) in Smolensk in the family of a priest. Since childhood, he read a lot, was fond of adventure literature, especially Jules Verne. Subsequently, he flew on airplanes of one of the first designs, he made gliders himself.
In 1901 he graduated from the seminary, but did not become a priest; on the contrary, he came out of there a convinced atheist. He loved painting, music, theater, played in amateur performances, took photographs, and studied technology.
He entered the legal lyceum in Yaroslavl and at the same time studied at the conservatory in the violin class. To earn money for his studies, he played in a circus orchestra, painted theatrical scenery engaged in journalism. In 1906, after graduating from the Lyceum, he returned to Smolensk, worked as a barrister. Acted as music critic, theater reviewer in the newspaper "Smolensky Vestnik".
He never stopped dreaming about distant countries and, having accumulated money, in 1913 travels to Italy, France, Switzerland. He kept the memories of this trip for the rest of his life. Returning to Smolensk, he worked in the Smolensky Vestnik, a year later he became the editor of this publication. A serious illness - bone tuberculosis - for six years, three of which he was in a cast, chained him to bed. Not giving in to despair, he is engaged in self-education: he studies foreign languages, medicine, biology, history, technology, and reads a lot. Having defeated the disease, in 1922 he returned to a full life, serving as a juvenile inspector. On the advice of doctors, he lives in Yalta, works as a teacher in an orphanage.
In 1923 he moved to Moscow, began a serious literary activity. He publishes science fiction stories, novels in the magazines Vokrug Sveta, Znanie-Sila, Vsemirnyi sledopyt, earning the title of "Soviet Jules Verne". In 1925 he published the story "Professor Dowell's Head", which Belyaev himself called an autobiographical story: he wanted to tell "what a head without a body can experience."
In the 1920s, such famous works, like "Island of Lost Ships", "Amphibian Man", "Above the Abyss", "Struggle on the Air". He writes essays about the great Russian scientists - Lomonosov, Mendeleev, Pavlov, Tsiolkovsky.
In 1931 he moved to Leningrad, continuing to work hard. He was especially interested in the problems of space exploration and ocean depths. In 1934, after reading Belyaev's novel The Airship, Tsiolkovsky wrote: “... wittily written and scientific enough for fantasy. Let me express my pleasure to Comrade Belyaev.”
In 1933 the book Leap into Nothing was published, 1935 - The Second Moon. In the 1930s, “Star of the KETs”, “Wonderful Eye”, “Under the Sky of the Arctic” were written.
He spent the last years of his life near Leningrad, in the city of Pushkin. War met in the hospital.
In his science fiction novels, Alexander BELYAEV anticipated the emergence of a huge number of inventions and scientific ideas: The KEC Star depicts the prototype of modern orbital stations, Amphibian Man and Professor Dowell's Head show the miracles of transplantology, Eternal Bread shows the achievements of modern biochemistry and genetics.
He had a great imagination and knew how to look far into the future, thanks to which he magnificently painted human destinies in unusual, fantastic circumstances. Alexander Belyaev could not foresee one thing - what would be his own last days. If biographers know almost everything about the life of the writer, then the circumstances of the death of the "Soviet Jules Verne" are still mysterious.
The place of his burial is also a mystery. After all, a memorial stele at the Kazan cemetery of Tsarskoye Selo ( former Pushkin. - K.G.) is installed only on the alleged grave.
For three days in a row, the retreating units of the Red Army stretched through Pushkin in an endless file. The last truck with our soldiers passed on September 17, 1941, and by evening the Germans appeared in the city. There were so few of them that 12-year-old Sveta, looking at the enemy soldiers through the window, was even a little confused. It was incomprehensible to her why the invincible Red Army was fleeing from small group submachine gunners? It seemed to the girl that they could be slammed in two counts. Then she did not yet know that in just three months the war would kill her dad, the famous Soviet science fiction writer Alexander Belyaev. And the rest of the family members will then wander around the camps and links for 15 years. However, we started our conversation with the daughter of the "Soviet Jules Verne" from a different topic.
As a child, he loved to swing devils on his leg
Svetlana Aleksandrovna, please tell us how your parents met?
- It happened in Yalta, in the late 1920s. Mom's family I lived in this city for quite a long time, and my father came there in 1917 for treatment. In those years, he had already developed spinal tuberculosis, which put him in a plaster bed for three and a half years. Later, he will write that it was during this period that he managed to change his mind and re-feel everything that a “head without a body” can experience. However, the father's illness did not prevent either their acquaintance or the development of relations.
SVETLANA ALEKSANDROVNA: the pre-war years were the happiest
When the doctors made a special corset for dad, mom helped him learn to walk again. And her love finally put him on his feet. By the way, before meeting my mother, my father had another wife named Verochka. When he fell ill with severe pleurisy and lay with a high fever, Verochka left him, saying that she did not get married to become a nurse.
- Did your father tell you anything about his childhood?
- He is not much, but I remember most of these stories very well. I especially liked the story about the devil. Dad, after all, grew up in a family of a priest, and as a child, the nanny often scolded him for the habit of crossing his legs. "There is nothing unclean to swing!" - said the woman in the hearts. Dad always obeyed the nanny, but as soon as she left the room, he immediately crossed his legs, imagining that a cute little devil was sitting on the tip of his leg. "Let him sway until the nanny sees," he thought.
In the evening, when mother and grandmother went to breathe fresh air We stayed at home alone. And he came up with all sorts of things for me incredible stories. Let's say about tailed people who used to live on earth. Their tails did not bend, and before sitting down, they always drilled a hole in the ground for the tail. I remember I believed this for a long time. And shortly before the war, he promised me to write a children's fairy tale - about me and my friends in the yard. It's a pity that I didn't make it.
Marauders removed the suit from the deceased
From the memoirs of Svetlana Belyaeva: “Having occupied the city, the Germans began to walk around the courtyards, looking for Russian soldiers. When they came to our house, I answered in German that my mother and grandmother had gone to the doctor, and my father was not a soldier at all, but a famous Soviet writer but he cannot get up because he is very ill. This news did not make much of an impression on them.
- Svetlana Aleksandrovna, why wasn't your family evacuated from Pushkin before the Germans entered the city?
“My father had been seriously ill for many years. He could move independently only in a special corset, and even then for short distances. I had enough strength to wash and sometimes eat at the table. The rest of the time, dad watched the course of life from the height of ... his own bed. In addition, shortly before the war, he underwent kidney surgery. He was so weak that leaving was out of the question. The Union of Writers, which at that time was engaged in the evacuation of writers' children, offered to take me out, but my parents refused this offer. In 1940, I developed tuberculosis of the knee joint, and I met the war in a cast. Mom often repeated then: "To die, so together!" However, fate was pleased to dispose of otherwise.
SVETA BELYAEVA: this is how the writer's daughter met the war
There are still quite a few versions about the death of your father. Why did he die anyway?
- From hunger. In our family, it was not customary to make some kind of stock for the winter. If you needed something, your mother or grandmother would go to the market and just buy groceries. In a word, when the Germans entered the city, we had several bags of cereal, some potatoes and a barrel sauerkraut given to us by friends. The cabbage, I remember, tasted nasty, but we were still very happy. And when these supplies ran out, my grandmother had to go to work for the Germans. She asked to go into the kitchen to peel potatoes. For this, every day they gave her a pot of soup and some potato husks, from which we baked cakes. We had enough of such meager food, but for my father in his position this was not enough. He began to swell from hunger and eventually died ...
- Some researchers believe that Alexander Romanovich simply could not bear the horrors of the fascist occupation.
- I don’t know how my father experienced all this, but I was very scared. I will never forget a man hanging from a pole with a sign on his chest: "The judge is a friend of the Jews." At that time, anyone could be executed without trial or investigation. Most of all we were worried about my mother. She often went to our old apartment to pick up some things from there. If she had been caught doing this, she could easily have been hanged like a thief. Moreover, the gallows stood right under our windows, and every day my father saw how the Germans executed innocent residents. Maybe his heart really gave out...
ALEXANDER BELYAEV WITH WIFE MARGARIT AND FIRST DAUGHTER: the death of little Ludochka was the first great grief in the science fiction family
I heard that the Germans didn't even let you and your mother bury Alexander Romanovich...
- Dad died on January 6, 1942, but it was not possible to take him to the cemetery right away. Mom went to the city government, and there it turned out that there was only one horse left in the city and that they had to wait in line. The coffin with the father's body was placed in empty apartment next door, and my mother went to visit him every day. A few days later, someone took off my dad's suit. So he lay in his underwear until the gravedigger took him away. At that time, many people were simply covered with earth in common ditches, but one had to pay for a separate grave. Mom took some things to the gravedigger, and he swore that he would bury his father like a human. True, he immediately said that he would not dig a grave in frozen ground. The coffin with the body was placed in the cemetery chapel and had to be buried with the onset of the first warm weather. Alas, we were not destined to wait for this: on February 5, they took me, my mother and grandmother into captivity, so they buried my father without us.
The Germans laughed at them, but the Russians hated them.
Why did you end up in a special camp where Russian "foreigners" were kept?
- I got foreign roots from my maternal grandmother. Before the war, passports were changed, and for some reason they decided to change the grandmother's nationality. As a result, she turned from a Swede into a German. And for the company, the Germans also recorded my mother, despite the Russian name and surname. I remember very well how they laughed merrily when they returned home. Who knew then that the banal mistake of a passport officer could turn into a camp term.
When the Germans came to Pushkin, they immediately registered all the Volksdeutsches. In the middle of February 1942 we ended up in one of the camps in West Prussia. We were taken away from the USSR, allegedly saving us from Soviet power, and then for some reason they put him behind barbed wire. The food was so poor that very soon we even began to eat grass and dandelions. On Sundays locals They came to stare at us like animals in a zoo. It was unbearable...
MARGARITA BELYAEVA WITH DAUGHTER SVETA: together we went through fascist camps and Soviet exile
This whole nightmare should have ended for you no later than May 9, 1945.
- The last camp in which we sat was in Austria, but the troubles did not end for our family, even when the country capitulated. The head of the camp escaped. And then Soviet tanks entered the city. Many of the prisoners rushed to meet them. They shouted on the go: "Ours are coming!" Suddenly the column stopped, the commander got out of the lead car and said: “It’s a pity we didn’t get to you before the surrender, they would have sent you all to hell!” Children and old people stood as if struck by thunder, trying to understand why they did not please the soldiers-liberators so much. Soviet soldiers, apparently, they mistook us for the Germans and were ready to mix everyone with the ground.
The homeland met us with camps, where we stayed for 11 years. Later, I accidentally found out that Altai region we were sent a few months earlier than the corresponding order was signed. That is, people were imprisoned "just in case."
- How did you manage to return from exile?
- In the late 60s, a two-volume work by Alexander Belyaev was published, for which my mother was paid 170 thousand rubles. Huge money for those times, thanks to which we were able to move to Leningrad. First of all, they rushed to look for my father's grave. It turned out that the gravedigger kept his word. True, he buried his father not quite in the place that his mother agreed with him. Today, on the grave of his father, there is a white marble stele with the inscription: "Belyaev Alexander Romanovich - science fiction writer."
The last refuge is in a mass grave
The very first employee of the Kazan cemetery of Tsarskoye Selo, whom we asked to show a stele of white marble, readily responded to our request. It turned out that the monument to the science fiction writer does not stand at all on the grave of the writer, but on the site of the alleged burial. Find out the details of his burial former chairman local history section of the city of Pushkin Evgeny Golovchiner. He once managed to find a witness who was present at the funeral of Belyaev.
ALEXANDER BELYAEV: he loved to fool around in spite of all diseases
Tatyana Ivanova was disabled since childhood and lived all her life at the Kazan cemetery - she looked after the graves and grew flowers for sale.
It was she who said that in early March 1942, when the ground had already begun to thaw a little, people began to bury people who had been lying in the local chapel since winter in the cemetery. It was at this time that the writer Belyaev was buried along with others. Why did she remember it? Yes, because Alexander Romanovich was buried in a coffin, of which there were only two left in Pushkin by that time. Tatyana Ivanova also pointed out the place where both of these coffins were buried. True, from her words it turned out that the gravedigger still did not keep his promise to bury Belyaev like a human being - he buried the writer's coffin in a common ditch instead of a separate grave.
And although no one can name the exact place where the ashes of Alexander Romanovich lie, today, knowledgeable people they say that the "Russian Jules Verne" lies within a radius of 10 meters from the marble stele.
Alexander Romanovich Belyaev(March 4 (16), 1884 - January 6, 1942) - Soviet science fiction writer, one of the founders of Soviet science fiction literature. Among the most famous of his novels: "Professor Dowell's Head", "Amphibian Man", "Ariel", "Star of the CEC" and many others. Sometimes he is called the Russian "Jules Verne".
Born on March 4 (16 n.s.) in Smolensk in the family of a priest. Since childhood, he read a lot, was fond of adventure literature, especially Jules Verne. Subsequently, he flew on airplanes of one of the first designs, he made gliders himself.
In 1901 he graduated from the seminary, but did not become a priest; on the contrary, he came out of there a convinced atheist. He loved painting, music, theater, played in amateur performances, took photographs, and studied technology.
He entered the legal lyceum in Yaroslavl and at the same time studied at the conservatory in the violin class. To earn money for his studies, he played in a circus orchestra, painted theatrical scenery, and was engaged in journalism. In 1906, after graduating from the Lyceum, he returned to Smolensk, worked as a barrister. He acted as a music critic, theater reviewer in the newspaper "Smolensky Vestnik".
He did not stop dreaming about distant lands and, having saved up money, in 1913 traveled to Italy, France, and Switzerland. He kept the memories of this trip for the rest of his life. Returning to Smolensk, he worked in the Smolensky Vestnik, a year later he became the editor of this publication. A serious illness - bone tuberculosis - for six years, three of which he was in a cast, chained him to bed. Not giving in to despair, he is engaged in self-education: he studies foreign languages, medicine, biology, history, technology, and reads a lot. Having defeated the disease, in 1922 he returned to a full life, serving as a juvenile inspector. On the advice of doctors, he lives in Yalta, works as a teacher in an orphanage.
In 1923 he moved to Moscow, began a serious literary activity. He publishes science fiction stories, novels in the magazines Vokrug Sveta, Znanie-Sila, Vsemirnyi sledopyt, earning the title of "Soviet Jules Verne". In 1925 he published the story "Professor Dowell's Head", which Belyaev himself called an autobiographical story: he wanted to tell "what a head without a body can experience."
In the 1920s, such well-known works as The Island of Lost Ships, The Amphibian Man, Above the Abyss, and Struggle on the Air were published. He writes essays about the great Russian scientists - Lomonosov, Mendeleev, Pavlov, Tsiolkovsky.
In 1931 he moved to Leningrad, continuing to work hard. He was especially interested in the problems of space exploration and ocean depths. In 1934, after reading Belyaev's novel The Airship, Tsiolkovsky wrote: “... wittily written and scientific enough for fantasy. Let me express my pleasure to Comrade Belyaev.”
In 1933 the book Leap into Nothing was published, 1935 - The Second Moon. In the 1930s, “Star of the KETs”, “Wonderful Eye”, “Under the Sky of the Arctic” were written.
He spent the last years of his life near Leningrad, in the city of Pushkin. War met in the hospital.
