We are all used to seeing Walt Disney as the founder of the multi-industry, but you probably did not know that the first cartoon character Gerty the dinosaur. An insert with this character was shown on cinema screens back in 1910
We all know the Phineas and Furby cartoon, which won a huge number of nominations for the best animated series and won the hearts of children around the world. As in many other cartoons, this one is quite interesting moments, for example: when you carefully listen to the voices that voiced the animated series, you can notice the change in the voice of Phineas - Vincent Martella, who at the beginning of the filming of the series was only 14 years old, although he is already 21 years old. A similar case with Russian dubbing, perhaps the voice of Anastasia Sokolova, who voices the girl Isabella, changes a lot. If you have watched the series from and to, you will probably want to continue the adventures of Phineas and Ferb, and you can do this by playing Phineas and Ferb free games. You will plunge into the world of fantasy, fly to the moon, fight with the insidious Dr. Fufelschmerz side by side with Marvel heroes.
When creating the cartoon "Mickey Mouse" - Disney wanted to call him Mortimer, but his wife ridiculed him and Walt had to rename the hero, in addition, he himself voiced him.
At a certain period of time, Mickey and Mini were indeed married, namely the actors who voiced the characters. So in 1991, Wayne Allwine married Russi Taylor.
Few people know, but in fact cartoon characters usually drawn from real people, so Aladdin from the cartoon of the same name is taken from Tom Cruise, and his true friend Gene with Robbie Williams
All creative and production team Disney visited the savannas of Africa in order to shoot the cartoon "The Lion King" as detailed as possible
And this is really interesting, because Pumbaa the boar was the first cartoon character who farted during the plot of the cartoon. 
There are cases when cartoon artists put some kind of hidden meaning, so Andres Deja, working on the cartoon "Hercules", while Hercules himself poses for the picture, he puts on a lion's skin, very similar to Scar from "The Lion King". It turns out that Anders drew both that and that cartoon.
The only one main character at Disney, who during the "filming" did not say a word - this is Dumbo the elephant.
The most expensive animated cartoon was "Tarzan", filmed in 1995. The creators had to pay 145,000,000 when shooting a cartoon
The song from "Plasticine Crow" was not a success initially, but after it was sped up to be less than 5 minutes long, it turned out what it did.
Men's songs from "The Bremen Town Musicians" are voiced by one actor Oleg Anofriev. The interesting thing is that other actors were supposed to come for filming, but did not come. Oleg wanted to voice the part of the princess, but did not pull it out.
We all know what cartoons are. Many of us loved them as children, and many of us still love them. Over the years, the creation technology has undergone many changes. The most popular in our time have gained cartoons made on the basis of computer animation, although you can still find many hand-drawn cartoons. Many different cartoons have a lot of interesting facts. Here are a few of them:
1. Initially, Walt Disney wanted to name the mouse Mortimer, but his wife insisted that he give him the name Mickey Mouse. This character appeared in 1928 and was voiced by Walt Disney himself.
2 . Disney's Aladdin's appearance was borrowed heavily from Tom Cruise, Genie's appearance from Robin Williams, and Mermaid's appearance from actress Alice Milano.
3. In the animated series "Chip and Dale Rescue Rangers" there is such a character as Gadget. Her real name is Gadget.
4. Before starting production on The Lion King, film crew traveled to the Savannahs for a more thorough study of the behavior, movements and lifestyle of animals.
5. Walt Disney received "" every year, and for the cartoon "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" he was awarded 1 big and 7 small Oscars.
6. The most unsuccessful Disney cartoon is The Black Cauldron (1985), although this cartoon has been worked on for almost 10 years.
7. The most expensive cartoon in history is Tarzan (1995). More than $145 million was spent on its production.
8. In the cartoon "The Little Mermaid" (1989) main heroine Ariel has 6 more sisters and all of them have a name beginning with the letter "A": Aquata, Alana, Arista, Attina, Adela, Andrina.
9. The Island of Pleasure in the cartoon "Pinocchio" (1940) is insanely similar to the Island of Fools in the Russian Dunno on the Moon. Only in "Pinocchio" gouging turned into donkeys, and in "Dunno" into sheep.
10. The Prince of the Forest in the Bambi cartoon appeared so rarely, only because it was very difficult to draw and animate his branched horns.
11. The very first cartoon character is a dinosaur named Gerty. The appearance of this character dates back to 1910.
12. Creator of the animated series SpongeBob square Pants” actively studied the biology of marine creatures in college, and in addition, he worked as a cook in a seafood restaurant.
13. AT original version cartoon "Volt" the name of the protagonist sounds like "Bolt" (Bolt), which translates as "Lightning". AT Russian box office they thought that the name Bolt did not sound very good, so they translated it as Volt.
14. Dumbo the Elephant is the only main character in a Disney cartoon who doesn't say a word.
15. Initially, Volka in "Well, you wait!" Vladimir Vysotsky was supposed to voice, but the artistic council forbade him and Anatoly Papanov was invited to this role.
16. The actors who voiced the cartoon Shrek never met during the recording of the lines. Each dubbed their character separately.
17. In 2007, Scrooge McDuck was ranked number one on Forbes magazine's list of the richest fictional character.
18. Arnold Schwarzenegger admitted that he hates Japanese animation ().
19. In 2013, the cartoon "Kin-dza-dza" based on the 1986 film of the same name was released. In the original film, Uef was played by Yevgeny Leonov, in the cartoon the same character was voiced by his son Andrey Leonov.
20. In the cartoon "A Christmas Carol" (2009), Jim Carrey played 4 characters: Scrooge and 3 Christmas spirits.
21. In The Lion King 2: Simba's Pride, Kovu was originally conceived as Scar's son, but this idea was swept aside to avoid hints of incest, because then Kovu would have been Kiara's cousin uncle.
22. The names of some characters from The Jungle Book were coined according to the name of their species in Hindi: Baloo is a bear, Bagheera is a panther, Hathi is an elephant, Shere Khan is the Tiger King.
23. In many animated series, years pass, but the children never grow up and do not move into new classes. This happens in the animated series "Hey Arnold", "The Simpsons", " South Park" and etc.
24. In the cartoons Dobrynya Nikitich and the Serpent Gorynych and Ilya Muromets and the Nightingale the Robber, Ilya and Dobrynya are voiced by Valery Solovyov. But in parts 4 and 5 (when the heroes get together), so that the voices differ, Dmitry Bykovsky was invited to voice Ilya Muromets.
25. Lorax in the cartoon of the same name was dubbed into Russian by Denis de Vito, who voiced him in the original version.
26. Executive Producer The Toy Story cartoon was Steve Jobs.
27. Some Disney characters are very similar to Aladdin: Emperor Kusku from The Emperor's Adventures, Prince Nun from The Princess and the Frog, Flynn Rider from Rapunzel.
28. The last cartoon filmed during Walt Disney's lifetime was The Sword in the Stone (1963).
29. One of the animators of the cartoon "The Fox and the Dog" (1981) was the future director Tim Burton.
30. Who Framed Roger Rabbit is unique in that it was one of the first films to combine live action with cartoon characters.
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Do you know how and when cartoons appeared?
AT late XIX century there were no TVs, no computers, no smartphones, no tablets. They haven't been invented yet. But there were such devices as zootrope, magic lantern, thaumatrope, daedaleum and others.
These devices actuated a series of successive images, creating the illusion of movement. At first they were used in entertainment shows, for creating special effects and as toys.
On October 28, 1892, in Paris, the French inventor Emile Reynaud surprised the audience with a new, previously unseen entertainment - the Optical Theatre.
In front of an astonished audience, with the help of an optical device, he demonstrated "Glowing Pantomimes".
And it all started like this...
All the same Emil Raynaud in 1877 designed a device - a praxinoscope. He looked like this. A tape with 8 or 12 pictures was placed on the inside of the rotating cylinder. In the center is a row of small mirrors. When the cylinder was set in motion, each picture was reflected in the mirror and the effect of smooth movement arose.
Comedy sketches created by Emile Reynaud were very popular at the time.
The first traditional cartoon is considered "Humorous phases funny faces". It was created in 1906 by the Anglo-American film director
J. Stuart Blackton.Thanks to stop-motion shooting, he combined the art of graphics with the technique of cinema.
And the first cartoon character that became famous all over the world is Felix the cat from the film by the American screenwriter and artist Otto Messmer "The Adventures of Felix".
Over the years of development, animation has appeared various techniques her creations. One of oldest species- hand-drawn animation.
Initially, each frame was drawn separately. It was a very long and laborious process, so they came up with a layered technique.
Heroes and scenery were drawn on transparent films and superimposed on each other.
To do this, they first developed the movements of the characters, then drew the details with a pencil on tracing paper and transferred the drawings to celluloid.
The resulting frames were painted and photographed one by one.
Another one oldest technique- silhouette animation.
For cartoon paper or thick fabric cut out flat figures. Then they move in each frame and are filmed on camera.
For example, one of the famous domestic cartoons shot in this way - "Lefty" (1964).
Puppet animation appeared in Russia in 1906.
balletmEister Alexander Shiryaev createdal the world's first domestic puppet cartoonilm, in which 12 dancing figures participate.
They say h then during its creation, the author rubbed a hole in the parquet with his feet, because he constantly walked from the camera to the scenery and back.
Puppet and plasticine animation is well known to everyone. Here, voluminous characters are set against the backdrop of scenery and photographed. After each frame in the scene, the pose of the hero changes.
The first plasticine cartoons appeared in 1908 in the USA.
In animation, there are also such techniques as “painting on glass” - this is when an artist draws slowly drying oil paint on a glass surface, each time adding new strokes right in front of the camera; "cameraless animation" - when the artist does not photograph images, but draws them directly on film, black or colorless;or “powder animation”, where materials such as sand, salt, coffee, spices are poured onto illuminated glass in thin layers, creating a drawing with hands or a brush and transferring its image to the screen.
Today, computer technology is increasingly being used to create cartoons.
3D animation. Scenes are modeled in three-dimensional space on a computer,
and the figures have a virtual skeleton.
The first such feature-length cartoon was Toy Story (1995).
In our country, the largest animation studio appeared in 1936. It was called Soyuzdetmultfilm, and later became Soyuzmultfilm.
Here was created the first Russian animated series "Well, you wait!".
You can get acquainted with the history of animation at the Moscow Museum of Animation.
Its collection contains more than five thousand exhibits, video screens in the halls demonstrate unique materials, collected by the museum, there is a cinema hall for children, where cartoons are filmed and shown.
DIY cartoon
Take a notebook and a pencil. Think about who you want to portray.
For example, it will be a walking man.
On the first page - the initial frame - it stands.
On the next - a little raised right leg and left hand.
On the third - even higher, then the leg is bent at the knee, and the arm is at the elbow, and so on. On each page, you need to consistently depict all the parts of the movements that the hero makes while walking.
When the last frame is ready, you can quickly scroll through the pages and see how the little man moves.
Your first cartoon is ready!
Some interesting facts about cartoons:
Mickey Mouse
Walt Disney, creator of Mickey Mouse, was afraid of mice.
Mickey Mouse received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
The Walt Disney Company is fighting to keep the copyright on Mickey Mouse's image, which in 2008 is estimated at more than three billion US dollars.
Due to the company's activities aimed at periodically extending the terms of copyright protection, Mickey Mouse did not enter the public domain by 2008.
Scrooge McDuck
In 2007, Glasgow City Council included Scrooge McDuck in the list of prominent citizens.
Scrooge McDuck topped the list of the fifteen richest fictional characters in 2007 according to Forbes magazine.
shrek
When recording the lines of the characters, the actors never met - each of them worked separately, and the assistant said the lines of their partners.
Donkey's movements in the film were modeled after the movements of a dog by the animators - with the exception of the chase scene at the beginning of the film, in which Donkey's movements were modeled after those of a rabbit.
Winnie the Pooh
In the Soviet cartoon, Winnie the Pooh was voiced by Yevgeny Leonov. To achieve greater comedy, the artist's speech was sped up by about 30%. If you reduce the speed by this value, you can hear the usual Leonov.
Wait for it!
His famous hairstyle and characteristic appearance The wolf acquired only in the second issue of the cartoon. In the first issue, his hairstyle and appearance differs from the version familiar to the audience.
The wolf can play the guitar (as well as the harp, albeit in a dream) and sing in a hoarse voice in the manner of Vysotsky. Dancing foolishly. Competently skiing and skating. Poorly drives a car and a motorcycle. It is much better controlled with a truck crane, harvester and other similar mechanisms.
Return of the Prodigal Parrot
The plot of the cartoon child psychologists use to resolve conflict situations with teenagers.
Parrot Kesha has long been a commercial brand that is actively promoted by copyright holders and pirates.
So, video games were created (for example, "Freedom for parrots!" and "Kesha in the world of fairy tales"), coloring books, etc.
The popularity of the cartoon prompted A. Kurlyandsky to write a book, which included the stories “Have you been to Tahiti?”, “And they feed us well here too!” and "Lovely!"
Once upon a time there was a dog
A bronze monument to the Wolf weighing about 200 kg was erected in
Tomsk in 2005.
The authors are foundry worker Maxim Petrov and consultant artist Leonty Usov.
The wolf can say eight phrases (“I’ll sing right now!”, “God help me!”, "Well, you come in, if anything!" and etc.).
The creators of the film tell the features of the creation of the Wolf character. At first, in the cartoon, he was not drawn as we know him.
However, when A. Dzhigarkhanyan dubbed the role of this hero, it turned out that the depicted character did not fit the voice of the actor, after which the Wolf was redrawn, and the cartoon character appeared, whom the viewer saw.
Ratatouille
Remy has 1.15 million hairs, while Colette has 115 thousand hairs. The average person has about 110,000 hairs.
To create a realistic view of the garbage heap, the artists photographed and examined the actual products of decay.
Fifteen various kinds foods such as apples, berries, bananas, mushrooms, oranges, broccoli and lettuce were left to rot and then photographed.
During the initial character design, the sculptor created nine Remy clay sculptures.
The cartoon was nominated for 5 Oscar nominations, including Best Animated Film in 2007.
Kozlov S. Favorite fairy tales - cartoons: fairy tales and poems. - Moscow: AST, 2006. - 176 p.: ill.
Lagerlef S. Niels' wonderful journey with wild geese. - Moscow: Eksmo, 2003. - 224 p.: ill.
Livanov V. The Bremen Town Musicians/ V. Livanov, Y. Entin. - Samovar, 1997. - 100 p.: ill.
Milne A. Winnie the Pooh and All-all-all: fairy tale/ A. Miln, B. Zakhoder - Moscow: AST, 2000.- 384 p.: ill.
Siemens A. 101 Dalmatians. - Moscow: Strekozapress, 2002. - 80s.: Ill.
Auster G. Tales-cartoons G. Oster: fairy tales. - Moscow: Astrel, 2007. - 240 p.: ill.
Tom and Jerry: a fairy tale. - Minsk: Literature, 1995. - 288 p.: ill.
Uspensky E. Gena the crocodile and his friends: a fairy tale story. - Moscow: Astrel, 2011. - 144 pp.: ill.
Murzilka in the Animation Museum // Murzilka - 2015 - No. 8 - p.20 - 21.
Photo source: www.newsru.com, allmir.net, natural-colours.livejournal.com, www.ottomessmer.com, multpult.net, kinoprobafest.com, planetakino.ua, serovglobus.ru, www.esky.ru.
How did "Dunno on the Moon"
How to learn to draw. We draw the Little Mermaid.
Perhaps you are wondering what secrets cartoon creators might be hiding? In cinema, it's a different matter.
Surprisingly, even when shooting animated films, directors use special tricks. It is about them that will be discussed in our article.
Have you ever thought about the question: why do all the chickens and roosters in the cartoon wear beads or neckerchiefs? It turns out that the bird figurines had plasticine heads and wings that were attached to a latex-coated silicone body. Therefore, the creators decided to cover the places where the parts fit together with bright decorations.
For the cartoon, real objects were also filmed: for example, a light bulb that signified a chicken coop at number "17", door and window hinges, as well as a disco ball and threads from which chickens were knitted.
Mystery "Coco"
It is unlikely that anyone carefully studied the cartoon about a boy who dreamed of becoming a musician. The most vigilant viewers must have noticed that fish from the movie Finding Dory flicker in the frames, and the streets of the town where the hero was born and grew up are decorated with characters from Toy Story.
"Puzzle"
Take a close look at the birds perched on the wires. Remember them in the 2000 Pixar cartoon?
princess hair
In 2012, the cartoon " Brave". Red-haired Merinda became the first curly-haired princess in an animated film. Everything before her fairy tale heroines wore straight hair. This is due to the fact that a simulator capable of conveying the movement of curls appeared not so long ago.
The team of the creators of the picture had to work on the scene with curls falling out from under the hood for two whole months. It took three years for Merinda's head to surround one and a half thousand curls.
"The Lion King"
The scene in the gorge brings tears, even if you are not watching this cartoon for the first time. Many viewers are sure that the lions Mufasa and Simba are brothers. But according to the creators of The Lion King, it turns out that the characters simply lived in the same pride and were not relatives.
Another interesting fact: it turns out that the voice of Simba was used by the growl of a tiger.
And in translation from the Swahili language, the name of the protagonist means "lion".
When the premiere of the cartoon took place, Disney received a subpoena. They tried to bring her to justice "for slandering hyenas."
Hidden advertising in Zootopia
If you look closely at the banners hanging on the streets, you can see advertisements for cartoons that are scheduled to premiere in 2018 and 2019.
Snow White wanted to be blonde
When the cartoon about Snow White was just starting to be created, they wanted to make the heroine blonde. The names of the gnomes would also have been different if the animators hadn't given up on the original idea.
The prototype of the princess was Marge Champion, who outstripped more than two hundred applicants. While working, she brought to life what she saw on the storyboards as her imagination told her, and the directors sketched the movements.
Snow White's cheeks are flushed. To make it as natural as possible, the animators used real blush.
Walt Disney won an Oscar for the film. One large figurine was accompanied by seven small ones.
Sculptures from the castle of the Beast
Creepy silhouettes of statues, which are many in the walls of the castle from the cartoon "Beauty and the Beast", are "trial versions" of the protagonist. They were developed, but not approved by the animators.
Shrek was based on a real person
They drew a green ogre from Maurice Teilly, who lived in France. The man had a rare disease, so he did not look like most people. But Maurice managed to become famous thanks to his love of sports, positive attitude and knowledge of five languages.
The actors who voiced the characters from Shrek never met each other while working. Assistants read the words of the interlocutors, helping not to go astray during the voice acting.
The name Hercules is not Greek at all.
All cartoon characters have Greek names. Therefore, his main character should also be called a Greek, and not a Roman name, for example, Hercules. But for some reason, the name Hercules seemed to the animators more sonorous, memorable and recognizable: that's why the choice fell on him.
The hero's ears always remain round, regardless of the head turns. This is what the directors gave him.
Actors who voiced Mickey Mouse and his girlfriend Minnie real life married.
