Walt Disney- outstanding American artist Animator, director, actor, screenwriter and producer, creator of a whole series of full-length cartoons that have earned him worldwide fame. Father of Mickey Mouse, Oswald the Rabbit, Donald Duck and over 200 other characters loved by all the children of the world. He received 29 Oscars and the highest civilian government award in the United States, the Medal of Freedom. Founder of the company Walt Disney Productions" and the creator of the world's first huge entertainment children's park"Disneyland
Success Story, Biography of Walt Disney
Biography of Walter Disney began back in 1901 on December 5, when the fourth of five children, Walter Elias, was born in the family of a carpenter and a teacher. Walt's father, Elias Disney, was Irish-Canadian, and his mother, Flora, was German-American. Chicago, where the family lived, by that time managed to become not only the largest industrial, but also the most criminal city in the States. Disney's patience was overwhelmed by the murder of a policeman that occurred on a nearby street. After this incident, the Disney family moved to the brother of the father of the family, in the small town of Marceline, Missouri. Disney bought a farm there. Walt was then only 4 years old. The family had no money for pencils and paper, and Walt wanted to paint. He found resin, a stick and drew a house...
Childhood and youth Walt Disney
Many people in Marceline knew Walt. He had a cheerful disposition, so neighbors and just acquaintances loved him very much. One of the neighbors, an elderly veteran, Dr. Sherwood, paid Walt 25 cents for the boy to draw his horse on a piece of paper. Later, Disney believed that it was Dr. Sherwood's successful portrait of the mare that prompted him to become an artist.
Walt showed an interest in drawing from childhood, and began selling his first comics at the age of seven. Young Walt was involved in the creation school newspaper as an artist and photographer, and in the evenings attended the Academy of Fine Arts. Then he took a course in newspaper cartoonists, where they taught non-standard thinking, funny violations of the usual logic and a laconic manner.
When Walt was eight years old, his father began to load him with work. The boy delivered letters and advertisements for his father's company: in any weather, rain, snow, early morning or late night, Walt ran through the streets in his worn boots, rushing to deliver the mail on time. All the money Walt earned was taken by his father. But Walt did not grumble: he simply took work twice as much as his father demanded, secretly from his strict "boss", and kept everything earned in excess for pocket expenses.
When Disney was 10 years old, his father contracted typhus. Flora Disney sat next to her husband and pressed orange slices to his withered lips, trying to get at least a little juice into Elias's mouth. " These orange slices seemed so wonderful to my brother and me that we also dreamed of falling down from typhus, or even from some terrible disease, if only we could get a few drops of the desired juice.', recalls Walt's sister, Ruth.
Soon the father recovered, and they decided to move to Kansas City, like many poor families who migrated endlessly around America in search of work. This move played a significant role in Walt's life. In Kansas City there was a gigantic rich mansion, hidden behind a high fence and surrounded by a lush garden. The mansion belonged to a private owner and was the object of desire for local children. They all so wanted to crawl through some secret hole, play in the garden, and maybe even get into the mansion itself, run around its luxurious enfilades, stare at old portraits.
Walt tried many times to enter the territory of the property, and all his attempts ended in failure. Then he swore that when he grew up, he would definitely build huge house with entertainment for children, with a huge garden for games. So, apparently, a dream was born, a whole forty years later embodied in Disneyland.
Disney's first best friend was Walt Pfeiffer. The boys spent all their pocket money on going to the movies. Their idol was Charlie Chaplin. Leaving the cinema, they wandered down the street, taking turns imitating Charlie's walk and trying to play his tricks for a couple. At that time, Walt's friends, teachers, and Walt himself believed that he should definitely go into acting.
In the autumn of 1918, the young man tried to enlist in the military. However, Walt was refused due to his infancy, so he volunteered for the Red Cross, and was sent overseas, where he spent whole year while working as an ambulance driver. This car has become a local landmark, as Walt decorated it all with funny drawings.
Upon his return, Walt managed to enter the Art Institute of Chicago, where he found that his true talents are in the field of understanding and coordinating projects. He wanted to get out of this building faster and start working on his own. He wanted to quickly complete this study, if only to give his whole soul to drawing.
Finally he finishes it. And immediately in front of the novice artist Disney stood up pretty complex issue Q: Where do you go to work? First, he got a job in one of the restaurant firms, which needed funny advertising drawings in the form of signs. Its director hardly hired Disney, and he paid not very high - only $ 50 a week!
Creation of the Walt Disney Company
Seriously interested in animation, Walt Disney decides to leave his native Kansas, and in August 1923, with nothing but a few drawings, one finished animated feature film and $ 40 in his pocket, he goes to Hollywood.
The idea of creating cartoons became obsessive for him. " I moved from one studio to another, where I visited all the offices in a row, from the personnel department to film set. the only job The one I managed to get was the role of an extra. I had to ride a horse a few meters - in a crowd of other extras. However, it was raining heavily, the shooting was postponed to another day, and then our scene was simply thrown out of the script. This was the end of my acting career», writes Disney in his memoirs.
Desperate to get a job in Hollywood, Walt rents out his Uncle Robert's garage. Rent is a big word. He simply takes over the notorious garage, promising to pay for its use someday. In the garage he places necessary equipment, bought with money borrowed from brother Roy - paints, brushes, spotlights - all for the production of cartoons. Roy becomes Walt's partner (Roy's share was $250 and another $500 was borrowed) and they set up a cartoon studio called Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio.
Soon, Roy faces a gigantic problem: how and what to feed his brother, who has plunged headlong into work? Roy usually left the garage and went to the small room where the two of them huddled together to cook a modest dinner for two. But suddenly, Walt, who did not pay attention to any everyday difficulties, arranges a terrible scandal, during which he yells at the confused Roy that he will not eat that miserable gruel that his brother feeds. And then Roy decides to take a “desperate step”: he proposes to his beloved girlfriend, Edna Francis, who, having become the wife of the unlucky cook Roy, moves in with her brothers and becomes their cook for many months.
And Walt himself was already thinking about marriage. A wonderful girl, Lillian Bounds, got a job at the studio. She was mainly engaged in filling paints - that is, painting the characters created by Walt. Walt did not have to especially look after Lillian - she immediately fell in love with her "boss", and when he was broke, she easily refused her honestly earned $ 15 a week - for the good of the studio.
Walt got the idea for the first cartoon after being interested in the cartoons of Max Fleischer. I saw that Fleischer uses a very interesting technique: combining animation with real footage. Those. - the cartoon character, as it were, enters the real world. But Disney did not copy Fleischer's innovative solution. He did things a little differently - he introduced REAL hero into the cartoon world, which is actually much more difficult. First of all, it was necessary to choose a plot (to come up with a script). Walt loved the book "Alice in Wonderland" since childhood, so he decided to make a cartoon with the participation of this character - the little girl Alice.
Working on this cartoon required unbearable stress. Walt was already unable to stay up at night for a long time, so he hired two aspiring artists. They were two friends who studied at the same art school as Disney - Rudolf Eising and Hugh Harman, future authors of the animated series "The Adventures of Bosco", "Barney Bear" and "Joyful Harmonies". Disney explained to the two guys his requirements for an animated film, and finally, the work began to boil for real.
After receiving little money for this cartoon, Walt and Roy decided to change the name of the studio. On October 16, 1923, Walt Disney signed a contract with Margaret Winkler, a distributor from New York. This date is considered the founding day of the current Walt Disney Company. This name turned out to be more fortunate for the brothers.
The studio produced Alice films for four years, and then Walt decided to switch to the production of fully animated cartoons. The star of the new series was a funny rabbit named Oswald, invented and drawn by Walt Disney. In just a year, the studio released 26 episodes about the adventures of a rabbit, but when it came time to start a new season, Walt was horrified to find that the practical Margaret Winkler managed to poach four studio artists and now plans to release cartoons about Oswald without the participation of the creator. Alas, the contract was drawn up in such a way that it was the distributor, and not the author, who owned the rights to the cartoon character. It was bitter but useful lesson for Disney, which has since been careful to ensure that the rights to all its creations belong only to him.
Beginning of the Mickey Mouse era
After the loss of Oswald, Disney had no choice but to come up with a new star for their cartoons. So the famous mouse Mickey Mouse was born (" His first name was Mortimer Mouse, but my wife Lillian did not like this name, and she suggested calling him Mickey. I could not refuse her such a trifle - this is how Mickey Mouse was born, which brought worldwide fame to my company."- recalled Disney.), Suspiciously similar to his older brother the rabbit. Disney himself and main artist his studio Ab Iwerks.
However, the studio could not sell the first two cartoons with the participation of Mickey Mouse: they were silent, and sound had already come to cinemas. Cartoons were created quite quickly for the studios of the time, and besides, we must not forget that the Disney studio was somewhat artisanal. As soon as sound films appeared in 1927, Walt immediately adopted the experience of his fellow cinematographers and began to voice cartoons. The third film in the series (already with sound) was released on November 18, 1928, and this day marked the beginning of the Mickey Mouse era.
At the same time, Walt Disney launched new series- Silly symphonies. It was built on different principles: new characters appeared in each film, which was supposed to stimulate the creative thinking of the studio's animators. This series has become something of a training ground for Disney artists, where they practiced new animation techniques before using them on larger projects. Nevertheless, it was the cartoon from this series that won the first Oscar for the studio in 1932 as the best animated film. From that point until the end of the pre-war decade, Disney cartoons received an Oscar every year. He received 29 such awards for his work.
Very handy for the Disney company, it turned out that cartoon characters can be a good source additional income. One day, a businessman from New York offered Disney $300 for permission to put an image of Mickey Mouse on fountain pens. Walt Disney just needed money, so he willingly agreed to replicate the image of a mouse.
After that, portraits of Mickey Mouse and other Disney characters began to appear literally everywhere: on plates and toothbrushes, towels and school notebooks, candy wrappers and wallpaper for children's rooms. In 1930, the first series of Mickey Mouse comics was published. All this brought good money, and most importantly, contributed to the promotion of cartoon characters and ultimately led to the fact that many of them turned into national legends America.
In 1927 Walt Disney and his wife Lillian move into their own, rather spacious apartment. As a Christmas present, Walt gives Lillian a dog. He began to play the role of Lillian's beloved child, who had no children. By the way, two attempts of the Disney couple to have a baby failed: both times Lillian had a miscarriage. And when she became pregnant for the third time, Disney, who seemed to want to get an heir, suddenly lost all interest in his wife. In one of his letters to his cousin, Walt wrote: "I am married and all I can boast of is a pretty little wife and a handsome chow chow."
So, in 1933, the daughter of Walt and Lillian, Diana, is born. On the eve of her birth, Walt sends a letter to his mother, where he complains: “ Lilly is expecting a daughter. Personally, I don't pay any attention to it. I don't want more disappointments. Our whole room has become a parody of a nursery, pink and blue diapers are everywhere ... But I don’t want to know anything about it. I believe that I will make the most disgusting father in the world ... " It's funny that it was at this time, at the end of 1933, that Walt was awarded by the magazine "Parents" ("Parents") for his contribution to the upbringing of the younger generation of Americans.
Also in 1933, Disney released his first color cartoon, The Three Little Pigs. The song that sounded there “We are not afraid Gray wolf became a national hit.
Meanwhile, the studio is growing. Several more cartoons are being shot. Mickey Mouse wins the hearts of millions - and not only Americans, but also Europeans. “Merry Melodies” is filmed, quacking Donald Duck, howling dog Pluto and stupid Goofy, trying to scoop water from a pond into a colander, appear on the screens. Disney enters into an agreement with Columbia Pictures, then with United Artists.
In 1934, Walt Disney announced to his employees that he intended to make a feature-length animated film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. At first, many were skeptical about this idea: few believed that a picture in which there would be no live actors would be able to interest the audience in the same way as a big movie. However, gradually the idea of Disney ceased to seem fantastic, and the work began to boil.
The shooting of the film lasted three years and cost a crazy amount at that time - $ 1.499 million. Only the Bank of America loan, whose head, Amadeo Giannini, was very fond of Mickey Mouse, saved Disney from ruin. But the result was worth the money, as Snow White was the highest-grossing film of all time for a long time (its record was broken only by Gone with the Wind). And in 1939, Walt Disney for this full-length cartoon was awarded the ninth Oscar in a row. It is worth noting that during the award ceremony, in addition to one full-fledged figurine, Disney also received symbolically seven small "oscors" - according to the number of gnomes. Since then, the Disney studio began to consider full-length cartoons as the main and potentially most profitable production.
As the studio grows, so does the Disney family. Lillian, having again failed in the field of motherhood, decides to adopt. In 1937, Walt and Lillian take in a little girl and name her Sharon Mae Disney.
There is more and more money. The Great Depression had almost no effect on Disney's work. Well, unless there were just a couple of strikes at the studio - you see, the artists did not want to work under the direction of a person who draws worse than they do and who has such a meager education (one year of college), but who considers himself a director. The strike soon "dissolved": in fact, the conflict grew on the basis of Walt's quarrels with the producers who wanted to become official co-authors of Disney.
Having become rich, Walt buys his parents a mansion. However, upon closer inspection, this mansion turns out to be somewhat flawed: it has a dangerously damaged gas heating system. One sunny November morning in 1938, gas begins to seep from a pipe straight into the living quarters, Flora Disney, the mother of our "hero", falls dead to the floor, Elias Disney tries to pick her up, and he himself receives a dangerous dose of gas. Elias survived, but Flora could not be saved. Walt suffers from guilt for a long time after the death of his mother, because he knew about the damage to the heating system, but he kept postponing the solution of this problem until later.
Filmed during the Second World War, Pinocchio, Fantasia, Dumbo and Bambi, who had every chance to repeat the success of Snow White, did not bring the expected profits to Disney. During the war, the studio had to concentrate mainly on making propaganda and training films for the military commissioned by the US State Department.
But all bad things come to an end. By the early 1950s, the Disney Company was able to regain foreign markets taken from it by the war, and again began to make feature films, including those with live actors.
In 1954, the Disney Company also began producing television programs, becoming one of the pioneers of first black-and-white and then color television in the United States. First TV hit from
Disney became the Disneyland series, which, having changed its name several times, lasted on the screens of America for 29 years, and was shown exclusively in prime time. A year later, the famous program The Mickey Mouse Club debuted, in which many future stars of American show business took their first steps.
Disneyland - Dreamland for children of all ages
However, gradually the talent of Walt Disney became crowded within the film and television business. A new field for activity was suggested to him by his father's experience. Walking with his daughters, Walt often went to zoos, carnivals and other entertainment events. While the children rode on the carousels, the father sat patiently on the bench and waited for the daughters to get drunk. During these gatherings, he came to the conclusion that America really lacks a place where it would be interesting to spend time for both adults and children. And then Disney decided to create such a place himself.
The first Disneyland opened on July 17, 1955 in the city of Anaheim (California), south of Los Angeles .. $ 17 million was spent on its construction, but very soon all investments paid off tenfold. Over the first 25 years of its existence, the park was visited by more than 200 million people. In 1983, his "Disneyland" appeared in Tokyo, and in 1992 - in Paris.
28 thousand people came to the opening of the park. And another ninety million viewers were able to watch this grandiose holiday live. The opening ceremony of the first Disneyland was televised by future US President actor Ronald Reagan. It was a completely original and unlike anything park, founded on four basic principles.
« To everyone who came to this happy place- Welcome! Disneyland is your country. Here, the beautiful memories of the old are resurrected, and here the young can breathe in the challenge and promise of the future. Disneyland is dedicated to ideals, dreams and real events who created America... with the hope that it will be a source of joy and inspiration for the whole world!» Walter Disney, July 17, 1955.
The next major Disney project was the California Institute of the Arts, which was founded in 1961, near Los Angeles. Music, painting, theater, sculpture, cinematography, fashion were studied here.
In 1963, Disney embarked on an even more ambitious idea - the so-called Project X. With the help of his people, he found a suitable piece of land in Florida and bought it piece by piece, hiding behind the names of fictitious companies (such precautions were taken to ensure that land owners did not raised land prices). In the end, the Walt Disney Company owned an allotment of land equal in area to two Manhattans. Construction of a new park began on this site, which received title The Walt Disney World. It opened in October 1971.
Walt Disney died on December 15, 1966 from lung cancer, leaving unfulfilled the ideas, no less, of the "city of the future" and "university for creative youth" - the name of Walt Disney. He was replaced by brother Roy, who ran the Walt Disney Company until 1971. After his death, the company was headed by three people - Card Walker, Donn Tatum and Ron Miller, whom the Disney brothers began to prepare for leadership in advance. Walt Disney left to his successors many projects and ideas that he did not have time to implement himself. Their gradual implementation allowed the company to keep its gains during the life of the founder without any problems for another two decades. leading place in the global entertainment industry.
Personal qualities of Walt Disney and the secrets of his success
The roots of Walt Disney's success are in his willpower, reckless courage and perseverance. He did not give up, even when defeat seemed inevitable. He believed in his ideas and made sound decisions. Disney learned early on to distrust the judgment of others. Disney's power was inextricably linked to his immense self-respect, which allowed him to go against expert opinion. His works did not always bring success, but if success came, it was simply deafening.
Walt Disney willingly shared the secrets of the success of the Walt Disney Company:
1. Give every member of your organization the opportunity to dream and develop creatively to make their dreams come true.
2. Treat your customers like guests.
3. Hold fast to your beliefs and principles.
4. Support your employees, delegate authority and reward them.
5. Build long-term relationships with key suppliers and partners.
6. Use storyboarding to solve planning and communication problems.
7. Intensive continuous training strengthens the corporate culture.
8. Pay close attention to detail.
9. Have the courage to take calculated risks in order to achieve the implementation of new ideas.
10. Combine long-term vision with short-term execution.
Disney belonged to the Promethean personality type, suffering from megalomania. These qualities allowed him to use with inextinguishable zeal any opportunity that presented itself. For the sake of the future, Disney was inclined to lay down the present and simply loved to create everything new and special when the opportunity presented itself. At the same time, he rarely worried about where the money for his creations would come from. With these character traits, Disney created masterpieces of animation and some of the most valuable films of the era. But it also kept the studio on the brink of bankruptcy for years. During this period, not even a year and a half passed so that the company could not pay its bills. Disney was not interested box office films, he was interested in the creative success of his paintings. Therefore, one of his tapes usually became a hit, while the other failed miserably.
Walt Disney's entire life was like a roller coaster - the most fruitful periods, as a rule, were followed by the most tragic recessions. During the bright periods of his life, Disney could work all day without a break and capture the night as well. When deadlines were pressed, Walt usually spent the night in the studio. But when his projects failed or neared completion, Disney became depressed or simply broke down. During his career, he experienced eight nervous breakdowns.
Walt Disney American legend and national hero. He brought joy and happiness to people, his language is understandable to all peoples of the world.
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In these images, real landmarks are juxtaposed with famous Disney scenes.
Artists borrowed features of existing objects to varying degrees, but the similarities are clear.
Sleeping Beauty - Neuschwanstein Castle, Bavaria, Germany
The royal palace in Sleeping Beauty was inspired by Neuschwanstein Castle in Bavaria, Germany. Its construction began in 1869 on the orders of the Bavarian king Ludwig II, who became famous for the erection of monumental and fabulous castles, which have now become super-profitable tourist attractions throughout Bavaria.
"Beauty and the Beast" - Alsace, France
This small village square from the fairy tale "Beauty and the Beast" was inspired by Alsace, a picturesque region in northeastern France, which for most of European history was part of Germany. In Alsace, a combination of both cultures has been preserved, manifested in various local names and, of course, in beautiful pastoral architecture.
"Rapunzel: Tangled" - Mont Saint-Michel, Normandy, France
Kingdom from " tangled history” - the screen embodiment of Mont Saint-Michel in Normandy, France. This unique island and commune is periodically cut off from the mainland by tidal waters, which has always contributed to the defensive position of the fortified monastery. amazing view the island-fortress makes it a popular attraction for many tourists.
"Up" - Angel Falls, Venezuela
The dizzying Paradise Falls from the cartoon "Up" was created thanks to the Angel Falls (also known as Kerepakupai vena, which means "Waterfall of the deepest place" in Pemonese) in Venezuela. Its total height reaches 979 meters. This is the highest waterfall in the world. A stream of water overthrows from Mount Auyantepui in the Canaima National Park.
Aladdin - Taj Mahal, Agra, India
The prototype of the Sultan's palace in the animated film "Aladdin" was the Taj Mahal, located in Agra, India. Many believe that the Taj Mahal is a palace, but in fact it is a magnificent mausoleum, the construction of which began in 1632 on the orders of the padishah Shah Jahan, who wished to honor the memory of his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal with such a monumental structure. The iconic mausoleum-mosque is finished with white marble and surrounded by lush gardens.
To depict the village of Pacha, creative Group film traveled to Peru, where she visited ancient city Machu Picchu in the Cusco region. This mysterious Inca settlement, located in the mountains at an altitude of 2430 meters, is believed to have served as the residence of the Inca Emperor Pachacuti. After the Spanish conquest, the area remained abandoned and forgotten until 1911. Currently, Machu Picchu is the center of mass tourism.
Mulan - Forbidden City, Beijing, China
The emperor's palace in the Mulan story was inspired by the palace complex of the Forbidden City in Beijing, China. Today it is open to tourists, and from the 15th to the beginning of the 20th century it served as a residence for the emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties. This vast palace complex in the world was considered "forbidden", as it was inaccessible to ordinary people.
The Hunchback of Notre Dame - Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris, France
To achieve the greatest realism in the image cathedral in the melodramatic film "The Hunchback of Notre Dame", the animators visited real cathedral Notre Dame of Paris in Paris. This Catholic church, which has become one of the symbols of the French capital, was built over almost two centuries from 1163 to 1345. It is considered one of the most famous examples of Gothic architecture in the world.
The Little Mermaid - Chillon Castle, Lake Geneva, Switzerland
The castle of Prince Eric from The Little Mermaid was based on sketches from Chillon Castle, which stands on the shores of Lake Geneva in Switzerland. Its history goes back to the times of the Roman Empire. Then the castle was used to guard the road through the Alps. Chillon stands at the very edge of the lake, which makes it the perfect fairy-tale place.
"Ralph" - Grand Central Station, New York, USA
Grand Central Station in New York was the inspiration for Grand Central from the Ralph animation. The first railway station was built on this site in 1871. Reconstruction in the current style was made in 1913.
"Beauty and the Beast" - Chateau de Chambord, Loire and Cher, France
The Beast's Castle from the Disney film Beauty and the Beast is an animated version of Chambord Castle in the Loire-et-Cher department, France. It was built from 1519 to 1547 as the “hunting lodge” of King Francis I. The length of the facade of this architectural masterpiece is 156 meters. The roof of Chambord Castle is decorated with many spiers, so the building looks more like a panorama of the city than a palace.
Frozen - St Olaf's Church, Balestrand, Norway
The Frozen chapel has features of St Olaf's Anglican Church in Balestrand, Norway. Its construction was started by Margaret Green, an Englishwoman who lived in the nearby mountains with a Norwegian, Knut Kvikne, with whom she fell in love. Margaret Greene, being devout, set about building the church, but died before the building was completed.
The Princess and the Frog - Louisiana, USA
The wetlands, in which the adventures of the main characters from the fairy tale "The Princess and the Frog" unfold, were depicted relying on real-life wetland lakes and rivers, which are rich in Louisiana. Alligators, turtles and catfish live in the swampy areas of the state, which have become the prototypes of creepy and dangerous episodic characters.
"Brave" - Eilean Donan Castle, Scotland
The animators of the film "Brave" perfectly recreated the atmosphere of the Scottish nature, and the outlines of the Dunbroch family castle were copied from Eilean Donan Castle in Scotland. Its reconstruction was completed in 1932, but this building has a long history. In the 7th century, the hermit monk Donan lived on this site, and then Eilean Donan was the fortress of Mackenzie.
Cars - U-Drop Inn, Shamrock, TX
Prior to making the film, Pixar's artists made several trips along U.S. Route 66. They looked for landmark buildings and structures that could become landmarks in the animation. So the house of tattoo artist Ramon from the town of Radiator Springs appeared from the outlines of this curious tower, standing next to the charging station for Tesla electric vehicles.
Walt Disney is a man whose name will mentally smile even the most gloomy skeptic in the world. Director and screenwriter, actor and producer, artist and creator of animated masterpieces, winner of a record number of Oscars (26) and an incredibly creative person. It was he who turned animated films into art, and Disneyland into a magical land that children from different countries and continents dream of visiting. So, The Walt Disney Company presents…Childhood: Chicago - Marceline - Kansas City
1901, December. In the family of Elias and Flora Disney from Chicago, a boy was born, who was named Walter. A large family (four boys and a girl) of an Irish Canadian and a German was too expensive in a big city, and soon after the birth of Walter, it was decided to move to Marceline's farm in Kansas. 
One day, four-year-old Walter, who had a desire to draw from the first years of his life, due to the lack of paints and pencils, used resin and a stick to depict his first projection on the wall of his parents' house. The punishment that followed did not discourage the boy from drawing, but he understood that he needed money to buy pencils and paper. The farm that Elias had so much hoped for did not bring in enough income. Living on the brink of poverty forced the Disneys to sell the farm and move to Kansas City.
As a schoolboy, Walt got up early in the morning for six years in a row to deliver newspapers and earn money, some of which he spent on art supplies. The father severely punished the boy for the unreasonable, in his opinion, spending money and introduced the teenager to the production of jelly, which he himself did. Nevertheless, Disney Jr. found time for his drawings and even sold them to neighbors, depicting pets at their request. School was abandoned, Walt dreamed of becoming a film artist or drawing comics.
Early life: Chicago–California
Leaving his father in the jelly business, Walter went to Chicago, where he completed courses at the Art Institute. During World War I, he joined the Red Cross as an ambulance driver. A year later, returning to Kansas City, he became the artistic director of one of the commercial film advertising studios. Acquaintance with the artist Ab Iverks grew into a joint experimental project "Laugh-O-Gram" - an animation studio. But the animation had no prospects in small Kansas City, the enterprise went bankrupt. 
Bankruptcy would have forced another person to refuse to turn ghostly dreams into reality, but not Walt. He enlisted his older brother Roy in his plan. They opened a store that provided for household needs, and a few years later both moved to California and created The Walt Disney Company, which produced animated films. The heroine of the first animated film in 1924 was Alice, a well-known book character by Lewis Carroll. A series of stories "Alice in the Land of Animation" brought Disney the first success and the first money earned by his favorite business.
Career: Mickey Mouse & Co
Following Alice, the nimble and cheerful Rabbit Oswald appeared on the screens, and in 1928 the legendary "Crazy Airplane" and the first cartoon with synchronous dubbing "Steamboat Willie" were created, the main character of which was Mickey Mouse, first named Mortimer. But this name did not take root, the image of a nimble and wise mouse demanded that name, which is familiar to the whole world today. 
So that the on-screen Mickey does not get bored, Disney then creates images of a stupid, but good dog Pluto, cheerful and resilient Goofy, stingy sluggish drake Donald Duck. This company, led by Mickey Mouse, has been adored by four generations of viewers on all continents. An unprecedented success - seven Oscars - brought Walt the first full-length cartoon "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs", released in 1937. An animation classic touching stories the flying baby elephant Dumbo (1941), the quivering deer Bambi (1942).
1935 brought Disney the recognition of the League of Nations, which regarded his work as a symbol of the unity of peoples, and awarded the first cartoonist a medal of honor.
The Soviet people were lucky enough to touch the genius of the great animator. In 1933, by order of Joseph Stalin, the first American animation festival was held in the USSR. The Three Little Pigs, Snow White and, of course, Mickey Mouse himself came to Moscow. The magic and world of Disney's fairy tale inspired animation in Russia too: in 1936, the Soyuzmultfilm film studio was created.
Before World War II, Walt visits South America and creates documentary with cartoon elements "Hello friends". During the war years, the Disney film studio produced propaganda films with the participation of famous cartoon characters, videos for aviation and the navy. At the end of the war, the animator is engaged in the release of feature films, but in each of them his cartoon characters are viewed.
The middle of the twentieth century pleases enthusiastic viewers with new Disney films - the film adaptation of Cinderella (1950), the magnificent Peter Pan (1953), the lyrical Sleeping Beauty (1959), the saga of dog love and fidelity Lady and the Tramp (1955) . And the animated thriller "One Hundred and One Dalmatians", released on screens in 1961, created a real boom in America: through one dog owners began to start pets of the Dalmatian breed at home.
Walt Disney's 6 Success Secrets
Walt was one of the first to recognize the power and possibilities of television. “An Hour in Wonderland” is his author’s program, in which, in addition to many spectacular tricks, cartoons Disney studios.
A pioneer in the creation of musical, sound and feature-length animated films, Walt Disney shot 111 films in his lifetime, produced almost 600 films. He is the record holder for the number of awards and prizes in the field of cinematography, the owner of two stars on the Walk of Fame, the initiator and creator of Disneyland, the largest children's country.
Personal life of Walt Disney
As Walt himself jokingly admitted, main love Mickey Mouse has been his whole life. But there was also a woman with whom he was inseparable until his death. It was Lillian Bounds, an intern at The Walt Disney Company's ink pouring department. Falling in love with the boss at first sight, Lillian often helped him out with money, despite the fact that she earned sixty dollars a month. Disney always forgot to repay debts. 
She did not wait for special courtship from Walt, but in 1925 the couple were legally married. Being famous, Disney, in an interview, when asked about the reason for his marriage, laughed in his own way: “I got married so as not to repay debts, there were too many of them.” Two years later, the couple moved into their own apartment and adopted a Chow Chow dog named Sunny.
The family was financially secure, but throughout life experienced its own domestic tragedy. Despite his busyness and love of life, Disney was subject to deep depressions, during which Lillian sent him on trips, tried to support her husband and pull him out of despondency.
For a long time the couple had no children. Twice Lilly became pregnant, but only the third time, in 1933, she was able to give birth to Walt's child. The girl was named Diana. On the eve of her birth, Disney, who had grown cold towards his wife, admitted in a letter to his mother that he did not feel the joy of the upcoming fatherhood and thought of himself as the most disgusting future parent. Nevertheless, it was on walks with his daughter that Walt was often visited by brilliant ideas, which he then brought to life. Disney had no more children of their own, but in 1937 the couple adopted a little girl, giving her the name Sharon May and her last name.
The Death of Walt Disney: An Unforgettable Legacy
The national favorite, whose name is inextricably linked with the history of animated films, died at the age of sixty-five from lung cancer. The company announced the death of Walt Disney only five hours after his death. During this time, in a close circle of the closest people, it was decided to commit his body to burning. But the haste itself, as well as the secrecy of these actions, caused a wide public outcry. Statue of Walt Disney at DisneylandNevertheless, on December 15, 1966, America said goodbye to the symbol of the era. The Walt Disney Company also said goodbye to him, whose employees, after the death of the Master, a heavy smoker, made a collegial decision: not a single subsequent cartoon character will appear on the screen with a cigarette. The memory of Walt Disney is kept in his masterpiece works and in the hearts of millions of viewers. An asteroid was named in his honor, in 2013 the biographical film “Saving Mr. Banks” was filmed, where Tom Hanks brilliantly played the role of a brilliant animator, and in 2015 the documentary project “Walt Disney” was released.
Documentary about Walt Disney
The name of Walt Disney is widely known to both adults and children. More than one generation was brought up on the cartoons of his studio modern people. However, few people know that this man had to endure a lot life tests before you make a name for yourself and do what you love.
We suggest that you briefly read the biography of Walt Disney and learn a few interesting facts about the life of this amazing purposeful person.
Childhood
The future animator, whose works immersed children in a fairy-tale world inhabited by amazing creatures, spent a very joyless childhood. He was born in 1901 in a modest poor family, was one of five children in the Disney family. Her parents were a carpenter and a school teacher. Walter's first years were spent in troubled Chicago, whose life was seething with criminal passions. When the hero of the material was only 4 years old, his parents decided to move to the quieter town of Marceline, where his father's brother lived.
The family purchased a small farm and lived very modestly. So, Walter had neither paper nor pencils to draw. Meanwhile, a great dream has already begun to form in his soul, which will subsequently lead him forward and not let him give up, despite all the difficulties. He dreamed of becoming an artist.
The first difficulties and victories
The boy was distinguished not only by his friendly cheerful disposition, which is why all the neighbors loved him, but also by his early talent for drawing. A fact from the biography of Walt Disney is known - one of his neighbors bought a drawing of a horse by a young artist, which gave him faith in success. However, there was still a lot of time before the dream came true.
At the age of 8, the boy got his first job - a peddler of letters, so he was able to get pocket money himself. The strict father took everything his son earned, but the enterprising Walter found a way out - he began to take more work and work harder, so he hid part of the money from the parent.
Later, the family again changed their place of residence, moving to Kansas City. It was here that little Disney saw a luxurious mansion, which seemed to his childish mind a magical castle. The child decided that one day he could build the same and make it available to children from all over the world. The biography of Walt Disney shows that this dream will come true - he will be able to found Disneyland, which every child longs to get into.
Difficulties of adolescence
Walter did not go to war in 1918, because at that time he was not 18 years old, but he found a job as an ambulance driver. Already here future artist showed his creativity, decorating the car with various patterns, which made it look very unusual.
In the post-war years, Disney entered the Art Institute of Chicago, but the classes weighed heavily on him and interfered with creativity, so Walter quickly lost interest in them. He could not find a job by profession, so all his strength was given to a new hobby - animation.
In 1920, the young man received the position of an advertising artist, his first short films turned out to be quite good. However, the growing interest in animation is stronger than desire have a stable income, and Disney takes a risk - opens its first animation studio. Alas, it did not last long.
First success
For children in the biography of Walt Disney, it should be mentioned that his failures In 1923, he recovers in Hollywood, having with him a very modest capital, where he opens a small animation studio. Walt's partner was his brother Roy.
In 1924, the first creation of the new studio "Alice's Day at Sea" appeared, created based on immortal work Lewis Carroll. In the 20s of the last century, Disney worked on other films about Alice.
At the same time, he connected his fate with Lillian Bounds, who worked as an assistant at the studio.
New characters and success
The biography of Walt Disney of this period is full of fascinating events. In 1927, Oswald the Rabbit saw the light of day. It was he who brought the Disney studio popularity and success. Then the well-known characters appeared:
- Mickey Mouse. To be fair, it must be pointed out that it was created not so much by Disney himself as by Ub Iwerks, Walter's partner. The debut of the famous mouse is the film "Crazy Airplane", so far silent. Later, when it became possible to make pictures with sound, Disney gave the character his own voice and voiced him in several tapes.
- Steamboat Willie went down in history as the first film with sound.
- Pluto appeared in 1930. In most tapes, he is the pet dog of Mickey Mouse, but in some pictures he has the character of an independent character. Distinctive feature hero - he is not endowed human qualities and behaves like a normal dog.
- Goofy appeared two years later in 1932. This dog does not look like Pluto, he behaves like a man: he is a friend of Mickey Mouse, he is distinguished by his good nature and cheerful disposition. Very often, Goofy gets into which he deftly gets out thanks to his love of life and optimism.
- Donald Duck was created in 1934. This drake became the focus of negative qualities that, as the cartoonist believed, could no longer be added to the image of Mickey Mouse.
These animated characters are still recognizable and loved not only by children, but also by adults all over the world.
First feature films
In 1934, an important moment comes in the biography of Walt Disney - he begins to create a full-length animated film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Other artists were also busy working with him. By 1937 the film was ready. The painting cost its creator almost one and a half million dollars, which was an astronomical amount at that time. However, the result was fantastic - the cartoon was appreciated by both the audience and film critics. In 1939, Disney received prestigious award"Oscar". Moreover, in addition to the traditional large figurine, the multiplier was awarded 7 small ones, according to the number of gnomes.
In 1940, another full-length Pinocchio saw the light of day - a fairy tale about a boy whose nose began to grow when he told a lie. The work was carried out intensively, it is known that for the realism of the scene with the whale, the artists had to observe the behavior of these underwater inhabitants for some time. The film received two Oscars at once.
First Disneyland
From the biography of Walt Disney in English with translation, you can find out that he opened his first Disneyland, a real paradise for children of all ages, in 1955. It was a fantastic amusement park where visitors could get into wild jungle or in the underwater kingdom.
More than 15 million dollars were spent on the construction of this masterpiece of architecture and technology. But the costs paid off quickly as Disneyland quickly became one of the most popular family vacation destinations in the United States.
Further cartoon creativity
The further biography of Walt Disney is no less instructive. You can name several of his full-length films, which young viewers around the world are happy to review:
- A touching story about the baby elephant "Dumbo", whose talent was the ability to fly.
- Sad story "Bambi" about the fate of a deer.
- "Cinderella" is a fairy tale that clearly illustrates the victory of good over evil forces.
- "Peter Pan".
- "Sleeping Beauty".
- "Lady and the Tramp".
These tapes do not lose their modernity both in terms of plot and technical implementation.
Transformation into a producer
Photos and biography of Walt Disney show that he was an outstanding person. Having achieved unprecedented success in animation, he did not stop and continued to create. As a producer, he made a number of color films about nature, wanting to instill in the audience a desire to protect its values.
Disney adventure films are also known:
- "Treasure Island";
- "Mary Poppins";
- "Robin Hood".
He was directly involved in the creation of each picture, so they all bear the imprint of his bright original personality.
Family
Speaking about the biography and personal life of Walt Disney, it should be noted that all his life he remained faithful to his wife Lillian, whom he married in 1925. They had a daughter, Diana Mary. But the fate of children did not give Disney more. Lillian's two pregnancies ended in miscarriages.
In 1937, the couple adopted a girl, naming her Sharon. Later, Diana, in her memoirs, described her father as something like a family man, who, with his eternal employment, always found time to communicate with children.
Death
The story of the biography of Walt Disney is coming to an end. He did not live long, only 65 years old, but managed to do a lot. The cause of death of the cartoonist was lung cancer, after which cigarettes never appeared in the films produced by the Disney studio.
Despite the death of the ideological inspirer, the work of the studio continues, cartoons, series, films are being shot, which are popular with viewers of all ages.
Some interesting facts
Everyone can read the biography in English of Walt Disney and learn a lot of details about this person. For those who do not have such an opportunity, we offer you to get acquainted with a selection of little-known facts:
- Not everyone knows that the purposeful young man tried his hand at acting and even played in the crowd, but very quickly became disillusioned with his work.
- The profession of an actor was prophesied to Walt by his first teachers and childhood friends, since the boy very talentedly portrayed the walk of Charlie Chaplin, who was popular in those days. But the fate of our hero was different.
- Disney's wife Lillian was his assistant at first. And even refused her fee for the sake of the success of the studio.
- Rabbit Oswald was both a success and a complete failure in Disney's career - he brought success to his creator, but taught him to be wary of business partners, because the studio producer appropriated the rights to the film.
- The famous Mickey Mouse was originally called Mortimer Mouse. But the wife asked Disney to use the name Mickey. As the animator later recalled, he could not refuse such a trifle to his beloved.
- The films and biography of Walt Disney say that this man knew how to take risks and defend his point of view. A well-known fact: when Disney was going to work on the first feature film, his brother Roy, having learned about the cost of the picture, almost fainted. The company was on the verge of bankruptcy, but one of the banks came to the rescue, the owner of which turned out to be a big fan of the studio's work.
- "The Triumph of the American Imagination," a biography of Walt Disney created by Neil Gebler, vividly describes outstanding personality the man who managed to get through hard way from a humble resident of the American hinterland to a world-famous animator, producer, screenwriter and director. Unfortunately, the book has not yet been translated into Russian.
We reviewed the biography of Walt Disney. For children, it allows you to make sure that this person managed to achieve a lot solely thanks to talent, diligence, determination and the ability to take risks. He did not have rich parents, but on his own, Disney was able to realize his dream and live a short, but bright and happy life.
Fairy tales can begin in different ways, but they must end the same way - happily. The childhood of our today's hero did not fall into the category of "fairy tale", and, rather, resembled such genres as "detective", " crime drama or "tragedy".
However Walt Disney, the legendary American artist, producer and director, managed to change his fate and make his life, if not fabulous, then very, very successful.
The creator of the first musical and full-length cartoons in the history of cinema, has achieved a lot. Judge for yourselves creative life fruitful Disney released about 700 cartoons, was the owner of 29 Oscars and 4 Emmys, was awarded honorary degrees from Yale and Harvard Universities, was awarded the highest civilian government award in the United States - the Medal of Freedom. On the Hollywood Walk of Fame, two stars are dedicated to Disney, one for the development of television, the other for his contribution to the cinema.
Walt Disney founded The Walt Disney Company, which is now the largest entertainment company and is ranked 13th in the list of "Most Influential Brands" according to Forbes.
But more than all the countable material awards, the people's recognition, which was awarded to Disney by enthusiastic viewers, is valued.
Walter Elias Disney is born (that's what it sounds like full name Legends of America) December 5, 1901 in Chicago in a large family, Disney had 3 more brothers and a sister.
The Disney couple barely made ends meet. But, as they say, the wealth of a family is determined not by capital at all, but by the warmth and support that family members provide to each other.
With this, little Walt was not too lucky either - the despotic father Elias often beat the child. Justifying himself by the fact that nothing educates better than physical punishment, Elias simply took out his anger from insolvency on his family - no matter what business he took on, be it the construction business, the cultivation of orange groves or the sale of newspapers, everywhere he failed.
Disney's father beat him so badly that poor Walt thought he couldn't possibly be his real dad! After his “lessons”, little Walt turned to Roy, his older brother, for comfort, who treated his wounds, physical and mental.
In this situation, the mother also tried to console her son - she read fairy tales to him. However, these fictional stories allowed Walt to hide for a while in an imaginary world and get away from the frightening reality. It was in such conditions that the fantasy of the future leader of the animation developed.
In 1906, Disney moved from troubled Chicago, where a policeman was murdered on the street next to their home, to a farm in Marceline, Kansas.
The new place turned out to be better than the old one - on the farm, five-year-old Walt meets domestic animals, and they respond to the boy's kindness with warm affection. In the future, Walt will transfer some images from his childhood to the big screen - the Porker boar, on which he loved to ride as a baby, will serve as the prototype of the Stupid from The Three Little Pigs. According to Disney, at the end of the sketch of Silly, he "practically sobbed with nostalgia."
However, the family continues to suffer on the farm. Disney, who loved to draw, does not buy either pencils or paper, and stick and resin become tools for drawing, and the resourceful Walt used walls, fences or walls as canvases. toilet paper.
The father constantly punished his son for drawing, and perhaps Disney would not have taken his hobby seriously if not for a lucky break.
Walt had a cheerful disposition since childhood, which is why many of the neighbors in Marceline knew and loved him. One such neighbor, the elderly Dr. Sherwood, gave Disney 25 cents for having a child draw his horse. Profitable sale of a portrait of a mare and pushed Walt to the idea of becoming an artist. Soon, with his drawings, Walt was already paying for a haircut with a local hairdresser.
In 1909, the family moves again, and eight-year-old Walt runs away from home. He is quickly found and returned to his family. For the next six years, he works for the benefit of "daddy" - he gets up at dawn and delivers advertising booklets and letters from his father's company.
Whatever the weather, even when the kind owner won't turn the dog out, Walt has to deliver the mail. All honestly earned money was taken away by the father for the development of a common cause, but the resilient Walt came up with a way out here too. He, in secret from the evil "boss", simply took twice as much work, gave it to his father, and set aside the remaining dollars for pocket expenses.
So think about how the same circumstances can lead to various consequences. This reminds me of this parable:
“Once upon a time there were two twin brothers.
One brother became very successful person who was famous for his good deeds. The second brother became a murderer and was about to be tried. Before the trial began, journalists surrounded the second brother, and one asked:
How did it happen that you became a criminal?
– I had a difficult childhood. My father drank, beat my mother and me. Who else could I be? he replied.
At the same time, another group of journalists was interviewing the first brother who came to the trial. One of the reporters asked him: - How did it happen that you became famous and successful?
– I had a difficult childhood. My father drank, beat my mother and me. What else could I be?"
Walt Disney is a worthy example of a man who can squeeze first-class lemonade out of a lemon! Sometimes it’s worth saying “thank you” to the troubles that come our way - they make us stronger.
Disney's parents return to Chicago, and with the new move, Disney in 1917 again finds himself in the city where he was born. There he is engaged in high school McKinley, and in the evenings he goes to the Academy of Fine Arts.
Walt receives money for his education and living by working part-time at his father's jelly factory. Disney is also graduating from a newspaper cartoonist course where he realizes that out of the box thinking is good, and gets the skills to express their thoughts in a concise manner.
When the First World War began, Walt crosses the ocean, and for a year in France he works as a driver of an ambulance van for the International Red Cross. His car becomes a local landmark, since Disney did not give up his hobby here, decorating it with drawings.
After the war, Walt returns to Kansas City and gets a position as a cartoonist at the local newspaper.
But only a month passes, and he is fired due to "outstanding inability to draw"!
Employers would be surprised if someone told them that, years later, Walt Disney would become the most prominent cartoon creator in the history of the United States!
In 1919, Disney was hired by a film advertising studio as an artist, at which time he had the idea to experiment with animation. However, the animation studio that Disney opened in Kansas City is soon going bankrupt. But is this a reason to give up?
"If you can dream, then you can make your dreams come true" Walt thought so.
He teams up with Ub Iwerks, his former job mate, and begins work on "Mushrooms," Disney's first viable cartoon product.
The studio where Smeshinki was created was in a garage and had only primitive equipment. And again the garage. When studying the biographies of prominent personalities, I sometimes have the idea that creating your own business in a garage is an indispensable attribute of any successful business. It even seems to me that the Americans have their own signs on this subject. Like, “if you create a business NOT in a garage, then there will be no luck.”
Improving their skills in drawing, the companions worked day and night. However, their next creation - a cartoon version of "Little Red Riding Hood" - fails, and, fleeing from creditors, the debtors flee the city.
In 1923, Disney came to Los Angeles to visit his older brother Roy. He still dreams of creating animated films and is not going to deviate from the path to his dream, because "it's kind of fun to do the impossible."
Roy believes in his brother's ideas and becomes his companion and co-founder of a small animation studio. So, with a rented garage, a couple of hundred dollars and handicraft production, the history of The Walt Disney Company began. The roles in the created company were distributed as follows - Walt was creative genius, and Roy was in charge of finance.
In March 1924, Alice's Day at Sea premiered, becoming Disney's first commercial cartoon.
In 1925, Walt Disney married Lillian Bounds, who in their studio was engaged in “filling” - painting characters drawn by Walt. In 1933, after several failed attempts have children, the couple has a daughter, Diane Mary.
In 1937, the couple adopt a girl, Sharon May. Much to Disney's chagrin, the couple never had a chance to have their child again. By the way, in the life of Disney and his wife there was a period when they could not give birth to a child for 8 years. Walt's wife had two miscarriages and all this caused them both great suffering.
According to own daughter Diane Mary - Walt was an exemplary family man and everything free time spent with my daughters.
In 1927, a series of cartoons with the lucky rabbit Oswald, invented by Disney, gained great fame. This character was created "to order", and brought fame to its creator.
However, he also taught Walt to carefully read business papers, because this story ended ugly. The people who paid for the creation of Oswald turned out to be unscrupulous businessmen who managed to draw up a contract in such a way that they, and not Walt at all, had the rights to cartoon character.
Upon learning of this, Disney, in a rage, threw away all of Oswald's drawings and informed his "partners" that "where he came from, there are many more characters"!
And it was absolutely true. Following Oswald, other beloved characters are born - Mickey Mouse, Pluto the dog, Goofy the dog, Donald Duck the duck.
In the year that Disney invents his famous mouse, all the newspapers were discussing Mr. Lindbergh's flight across the Atlantic, and the enterprising Disney decided to "seat" his new hero at the helm. The first silent cartoon with Mouse, Airplane Crazy (1928), was a success!
The mouse was drawn by the company's lead artist Ab Iwerks, the name "Mickey" was suggested by Disney's wife, and the voice was given by Walt himself, who personally voiced the mouse in the studio's first sound cartoon, "Steamboat Willie".
Once I approached the great master a little boy and asked: “So you draw Mickey Mouse?”. Disney said no. “So you come up with his jokes and fun?” the kid insisted, but even here Disney answered “no”. “Mr. Disney, what are you doing?” asked the young viewer in bewilderment.
Disney would then formulate his vision of his activities as follows: “I imagine myself like a bee that flies from place to place, collecting pollen. I walk around the studio and direct everyone's work. I guess that's what I'm doing!" Here is such a hardworking "bee-Disney"!
Because of "Steamboat Willie", the company is on the verge of bankruptcy, because the cost of a sound cartoon far exceeded the creation of a silent one. In the future, Disney will often have to balance on the brink of ruin, because the priority for him was creativity, not earnings: “I don't make films just to make money. I make money to make films." Walt emphasized.
The Disney quote echoes many famous people such as ("There's only one way to do great work, and that's to love it"), ("Enjoy what you do and you'll never work in your life") and others. This love prominent people to their work largely determines the success of their undertakings.
This is followed by cartoons from the cycle "Naive Symphonies" (1929), one of the series of which brings the studio the first "Oscar"
The cartoon The Three Little Pigs (1933) becomes an international sensation. In 1935, at the Soviet Film Festival in Moscow (now called the Moscow International Film Festival), Disney's films ("The Three Little Pigs", "Mickey the Conductor" and "Unusual Penguins") receive the 3rd prize for "animated feature films that are a high standard of craftsmanship". ".
And the song of stupid pigs, familiar to us from childhood ( “We are not afraid of the gray wolf, gray wolf, gray wolf. Where do you roam, stupid wolf, dire wolf) is actually a translation of a song from Disney's The Three Little Pigs!
In 1934, Walt Disney began making the first animated feature film, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. At that time, viewers were used to watching cartoons 7 times shorter, and by releasing a "long format" tape, Disney took a big risk.
This cartoon practically ruined the studio. “I spent almost two million dollars on this film. Isn't this a fairy tale for you?" - so ironically about his tape Disney.
But Snow White turned out to be a profitable investment - it was accepted by everyone with a bang and brought its creator one real Oscar and seven small Oscars - for each dwarf.
The studio creates new masterpieces. " We strive forward, open up new paths, take on new things, because we are curious ... Only forward ”, is another quote from Disney.
In 1940, Disney released Pinocchio and Fantasy, the next year a story about Dumbo appeared on the screens, and in 1942, Bambi was released. In 1945, a film about a naive and touching deer also hits the Soviet screens - Disney gives this film to the allies; 4 years later, on the eve of the Cold War, American cartoons are banned in the USSR.
But Disney didn't just make cartoons. In the second half of the 40s, Walt Disney was captivated by the idea of creating an amusement park. Walking with his daughters gave him the idea, when he was forced to spend hours in boredom watching Diane and Sharon having fun at the zoo or on the children's rides. “We believed in our idea of a family park where parents and children can have fun together,” he says.
In 1955, the first Disneyland opened in Anaheim, California.
The man, whose talents seemed to know no bounds, did not limit his new project either: "Disneyland will never be completed, it will continue to grow as long as the imagination of the world."
Disney, who did not have a single normal toy as a child, managed to create a real fairy-tale land, not only on the screen, but in reality! (click on picture to enlarge)
Walt Disney continued to expand the scope of his company - in addition to creating feature films, he led the release of entertainment programs on television, and in 1961 founded the California Institute of the Arts.
Unfortunately, Disney was not destined to see the implementation of some of his grandiose plans. He passed away on December 15, 1966.
“When Walt Disney was just starting out, all his capital was a very modest talent as a draftsman, a vivid imagination and an inhuman determination to succeed,” the press will write about him.
”]After Walt's death, his brother Roy was able to make some of his dreams come true. In 1971, he completed the construction of Disney World, the largest in area (100 sq. km!) And the most visited entertainment center in the world. To immortalize his brother's name, Roy named the park Walt Disney World.
A person who has made a significant contribution to the development of modern American culture, did not consider himself a genius, he declared that "geniuses are strictly forbidden to enter my studio." And yet he really was brilliant innovator, whose contribution not only to culture, but also to the creation Have a good mood millions of people is hard to overestimate.
P.S. What is your favorite cartoon or Walt Disney movie?
