In our life, the criterion prevails, without which existence is impossible. Orthodox person, -honour. Honour- social concept associated with such qualities as loyalty, honesty, justice, nobility. Thanks to them, we learn to understand life correctly and, most importantly, to correspond to these qualities. If such signs do not prevail in us, then we can, for example, lose our family.
If we compare honor with a precious stone, then we can definitely say that honor is something valuable, unique, pure. Accordingly, a person with honor is a treasure, an untouched, worthy creature with whom it is interesting to spend time. Also, a precious stone, shining with brilliance and illuminating with beauty, will attract with its peculiarity and originality. For example, in a jewelry store in a shop window, a diamond shines with iridescent facets applied by a jeweler. The gem gives us multi-colored rays that change and play with all the colors of the rainbow, creating the effect of fire. So a person must, from the beginning of his conscious life, take care of himself, not waste his inner beauty gifted by the Almighty, but treat yourself with care and understanding. After all, the slightest pollution makes us dishonorable, callous and devalues our whole life!
And what can serve as the slightest speck, and why is a person no longer interesting? The slightest speck that interferes with our pure image can be thoughtless mistakes, and in general, the whole wrong life .. What kind of mistakes? Young people, not all, of course, tend to lead a cheerful lifestyle that does not lead them to mystery and modesty. Boys and girls begin to grow up early, thereby spoiling their soul, which is then difficult to put in order. They do not think about the fact that they may not be useful to society with their indiscipline and excessive openness. Therefore, I would like to wish all young inexperienced comrades to be more careful in terms of growing up and, most importantly, to preserve honor from a young age, not to dirty their inner core! After all, it will be very painful when everyone starts families, and you still can’t find the right support (husband). After all, a man who has his own worth will not pay attention to an immoral woman!!
A prime example of the foregoing is O. Wilde's novel The Picture of Dorian Gray. Main character Dorian was originally a pious, sensible young man who came to London. But having met a friend there, listening to his instructions about beauty, about what young man it is not impossible that any pleasure is charming, Mr. Gray spoiled his soul: he began to lead a depraved life. He lost his intimacy, lost a spark of honor. But his main sin was that he dishonored the girl who first met a "wonderful husband" and wanted to become his wife. Thanks to the bastard friend Watton, Dorian himself lost his honor, succumbing to temptation. He did not save himself for a good family and caused a huge black stain on his life.
Another illustrative example is the novel "War and Peace" by Leo Tolstoy. The heroine Helene, whom Pierre considered the treasure of his life, recklessly used herself: she sold her honor when she was young. She was interested in entertainment, young handsome men, points. Her fate is somewhat similar to the fate of Dorian. Both of them did not achieve happiness and well-being, but spent precious time on killing the most important thing - the soul. Helen considered herself correct, thought that her beauty was the key to the defeat of men. But the unloved husband was not happy to marry her, because. it was of little use. So, these works teach us not to touch the sacrament human soul because each of us is a creation of God, and no one has the right to spoil this creation. But we ourselves must not spoil ourselves, fall into sin!
And how not to lose honor? I believe that we should not harm ourselves. After all, then we will suffer! The main thing is that we are obliged to fear God, by this we will preserve chastity. I think it is especially important for young people to listen to their parents. After all, it is they who should instruct us and talk about morality, about the values and ideology of life. And each of us will make a choice for himself!
And in conclusion, I would like to say that the dirty droplet introduced into decent life each, devalues the essence of the individual.
The direction "Honor and dishonor" is based on polar concepts related to moral choice person: to be true to the voice of conscience, to follow moral principles or go the way of betrayal, lies and hypocrisy. Many writers focused on depicting various manifestations of a person: from loyalty moral rules before various forms compromise with conscience, up to a deep moral decline.
For inspiration!
Everything in the world depends
From heavenly heights.
But our honor, but our honor
It depends on us alone.
Song from the movie "Musketeers. 20 years later"
Muses. M. Dunayevsky, lyrics by Leonid Derbenev
Possible essay topics
Possible themes essays(selection by Irina Anatolyevna Suyazova)
1. How do you understand the meaning of the proverb “Honest eyes do not look sideways”?
2. How do you understand the meaning of the proverb “Honor goes along the road, and dishonor is on the sidelines”?
3. How do you understand the meaning of the proverb “Death is better than dishonor”?
4. How do you understand the meaning of F.M. Dostoevsky’s statement “You won’t get rich by trading in honor”? 5. A work about honor and dishonor that excited you ...
6. It is easy to be called a man, it is more difficult to be a man (proverb).
7. How are the words "honor", "honesty", "purity" similar?
8. Why was honor valued at all times?
9. Is it appropriate to talk about honor and conscience in our time?
10. How do you understand what “honor” and “disgrace” are?
11. People want wealth and fame for themselves; if both cannot be obtained honestly, they should be avoided. (Confucius)
12. When the guilty pleads guilty, he saves the only thing worth saving - his honor (Victor Hugo)
13. Whoever loses honor cannot lose anything more than that. (Publius Sir)
14. Honor is like a precious stone: the slightest speck deprives it of its brilliance and robs it of all its value. (Pierre Boschin, French writer)
15. Is the Russian proverb true: “Take care of honor from a young age”?
16. Trade in honor, you will not get rich. (F.M. Dostoevsky, the great Russian writer)
17.honest man can be persecuted, but not dishonored. (F. Voltaire)
18. Honor can only be lost once. (E.M.Kapiev, Dagestan Soviet prose writer)
19. Honor cannot be taken away, it can be lost. (A.P. Chekhov)
20. Honor, decency, conscience - qualities that need to be cherished (according to the works of Russian literature XIX century)
21. Your attitude to the relevance of the topic of honor (Why is the topic of honor still relevant today?)
22. What kind of person can be called a man of honor?
23. How do you understand what “honor” and “disgrace” are?
24. Betrayal and dishonor: how are these concepts related?
25. Honor and conscience are the leading concepts that characterize the human personality
26. The concept of honor close to me in spirit ...
27. Can love or conscience revive the previously lost concept of honor? (As an example-argument: Raskolnikov and Svidrigailov, the heroes of F.M. Dostoevsky's novel "Crime and Punishment") 28. Can a person who won a duel be considered a man of honor?
29. Do you agree with the statement of F. M. Dostoevsky “In everything there is a line beyond which it is dangerous to cross; for once you step over, it is impossible to turn back”?
30. What is true honor and what is imaginary?
31. What can be done for the sake of protection human honor? 32. A work about a man of honor that shocked me ...
33. What does it mean to walk the path of honor?
M.A. Sholokhov, story "The Fate of a Man";
A.S. Griboyedov, comedy "Woe from Wit";
DI. Fonvizin, comedy "Undergrowth";
A.S. Pushkin, story Captain's daughter»;
"The Tale of Igor's Campaign";
ON. Nekrasov's poem "To whom it is good to live in Rus'"
M.Yu. Lermontov's novel "A Hero of Our Time"
L.N. Tolstoy's epic novel "War and Peace"
I.S. Turgenev novel "Fathers and Sons"
F.M. Dostoevsky's novel "Crime and Punishment"
M.A. Bulgakov's The Master and Margarita
A.I. Solzhenitsyn's story "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich"
N.M. Karamzin, story "Poor Lisa"
A.N. Ostrovsky, drama "Thunderstorm"
A.I. Solzhenitsyn, story "Matryonin Dvor"
A.I. Kuprin, stories " Garnet bracelet"," Olesya "
M. Gorky, story "Old Woman Izergil"
Tolstoy L.N., the story "Prisoner of the Caucasus"
Paustovsky K. G., fairy tale "Warm bread"
Stephenson R., ballad "Heather Honey"
M.Yu.Lermontov. "Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich ...".
N.V. Gogol. , the story "Taras Bulba"
F. Cooper, novel "The Last of the Mohicans"
A.P. Platonov., the story "Yushka"
W. Scott. , the novel "Ivanhoe"
Pushkin A.S. , the novel "Dubrovsky"
Green A.S. , extravaganza "Scarlet Sails"
Merime P., short story "Matteo Falcone"
L.N.Andreev, the story "Judas Iscariot"
N.S. Leskov, "Dumb Artist", "The Enchanted Wanderer"
G. de Maupassant, "Necklace"
Materials for the introductory part of the essay
Honor is that high spiritual force that keeps a person from meanness, betrayal, lies and cowardice. This is the core that strengthens the individual in choosing an act, when conscience is the judge. Life often tests people, putting them before a choice - to act honorably and take a hit on themselves, or to be cowardly and go against conscience in order to gain benefits and get away from troubles, possibly death. A person always has a choice, and how he will act depends on his moral principles. The path of honor is difficult, but the retreat from it, the loss of honor, is even more painful. Being a social, rational and conscious being, a person cannot but think about how others treat him, what they think about him, what assessments are given to his actions and his whole life. At the same time, he cannot help thinking about his place among other people. This spiritual connection of a person with society is expressed in the concepts of Honor and Dignity. “Honor is my life,” Shakespeare wrote, “they have grown together into one, and to lose honor is equal to the loss of life for me.” Moral decay, the fall of moral principles leads to collapse as individual and the whole people. Therefore, the importance of the great Russian classical literature which is the moral foundation for many generations of people.
Materials for the main part of the essay
holy host
Conscience, Nobility and Dignity -
Here it is, our holy host.
Give him your hand
for him it’s not scary even into the fire.
His face is high and amazing.
Dedicate your short life to him.
Maybe you won't win
but you will die like a man.
1988
"Feeling dignity..."
Bella Akhmadulina
Self-esteem is a mysterious tool:
it is created for centuries, and is lost at the moment
whether under the accordion, under the bombardment, under the beautiful chatter,
dried up, destroyed, crushed at the root.
Self-respect is the mysterious path
on which it is easy to break, but you can’t turn back,
because without delay, inspirational, pure, alive,
dissolve, turn to dust human image your.
Self-esteem is just a portrait of love.
I love you, my comrades - pain and tenderness in my blood.
No matter what darkness and evil prophesied, nothing but this
humanity did not invent for its own salvation.
So do not waste, brother, do not turn off, spit on the absurd fuss -
you will lose your divine face, primordial beauty.
Well, why risk so much in vain? Aren't there enough other worries?
Get up, go, soldier, only straight ahead, only forward.
Yuri Levitansky
Everyone chooses for himself
Woman, religion, road.
Serve the devil or the prophet -
Everyone chooses for himself.
Everyone chooses for themselves
A word for love and for prayer.
A sword for a duel, a sword for battle -
Everyone chooses for themselves.
Everyone chooses for himself:
Shield and armor. Staff and patches.
The measure of final retribution
Everyone chooses for themselves.
Everyone chooses for himself.
I also choose as best I can.
I have no complaints against anyone
Everyone chooses for himself.
The day will come and the hour will strike,
When the mind and honor On the whole earth will come the turn To stand in the first place.
Robert Burns
This wonderful text from the collection of texts for USE essays can be used both in the main part, and in the introduction and conclusion. Read it, write out quotes, key words.
(1) In a letter to his wife on May 18, 1836, Pushkin was surprised: where did these prudent young people come from, “who are spit in the eyes, but they wipe themselves off” instead of defending their honor? (2) Sometimes it seems that we came out of the overcoats of precisely these meek people. (3) The ringing of elastic steel is no longer heard in the word honor.
Preparation for the final essay on literature Grade 11
towards "Honor and dishonor"
The concept of honor should be instilled in a child from his very birth, otherwise it will be too late in adulthood and the child may grow up to be a scoundrel.
Tolstoy "War and Peace"
Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", "Dubrovsky"
Russian literature of the 19th century)
Real man cannot live without honor, so he must protect himself and his family even at the cost of own life(Pushkin died in a duel defending own family)
Pushkin "Dubrovsky"
Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"
Output:
Yes and no. It all depends on what the duel was for.
Kuprin "Duel"
Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"
Tolstoy "War and Peace"
Of course, a person often hesitates before bad deed. If it is completed, then life is divided into “before” and “after”. And change is extremely difficult, if not impossible.
Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment"
Pushkin "E. Onegin"
Output:
Sometimes a person values too much the opinion of a completely outsider and little respected people. Because of this, he can do stupid things and even tragic mistakes. Sometimes a person creates conflict situations, and then, under the guise of defending his honor, kills someone in a duel. The true honor in this situation is not to kill the one whom you yourself offended, but to ask for forgiveness and admit your guilt.
Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" (Onegin kills Lensky, because he is afraid of gossip)
Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" (Pechorin kills Grushnitsky because he does not want to be a laughing stock. But who is to blame for all this?)
honor (Victor Hugo)
In past centuries, offended people challenged the offender to a duel or committed suicide. Now to protect honor and dignity civilized people are brought to court.
Bunin "Caucasus"
Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" (about Lensky)
Output:
7.
It is said that a man of honor is always ready to die and is not afraid of death. You should always be guided by the main moral principles: do not steal, do not kill, do not covet, etc.
V. Bykov "Sotnikov"
Tolstoy "War and Peace"
Output:
B. Pascal
8.
The origins of dishonesty lie deep in childhood. If the parents did not instill in their child the norms of behavior, if they themselves could afford to act deceitfully, then the child, growing up, will not be an honest person.
Tolstoy "War and Peace"
N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls"
Output:
9. What is the meaning of honor?
It happens that a person looks very respectable: good clothes, face, gait, haircut. But if you get to know him better, talk to him, look at his actions, it turns out that he is not at all who he claims to be. And sometimes it happens the other way around: at first you don’t like a person, and then you realize that he is decent and honest.
Pushkin Stationmaster»
Leskov " old genius»
Output:
All Russian literature of the 19th century touches on this topic in one way or another. But most of all I remember Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace"
Bibliography
1. Life of Alexander Nevsky
2. "Shemyakin court"
3. F.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth" (Messrs. Prostakov, Mitrofan, Sophia, Milon, Starodum)
4. A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter" (Pyotr Grinev, Alexei Shvabrin, Masha Mironova, Pugachev), "Eugene Onegin" (Onegin, Vladimir Lensky, Tatyana and Olga Larin), "The Stationmaster" (Samson Vyrin, his daughter Dunya and Cornet Minsky)
5. N.S. Leskov "Old genius" (old woman, young nobleman, official of the 14th category)
6. I.A. Bunin "The Caucasus", "The Gentleman from San Francisco"
7. "The Tale of Igor's Campaign"
8. M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" (Grigory Alexandrovich Pechorin, Grushnitsky, Princess Mary, Bela, Maxim Maksimych, Vera)
9. A.K. Tolstoy "Vasily Shibanov" (Prince Kurbsky and his stirrup Vasily Shibanov, Ivan the Terrible, Malyuta)
10.L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"
11. A.I. Kuprin “Duel” (Grigory Romashov, Shurochka, her husband Nikolaev,), “Garnet Bracelet” (lady Vera Sheina, her husband Vasily, brother Nikolai Nikolaevich, poor official Zheltkov, father’s friend General Anosov)
12. M. Gorky "At the bottom"
13. N.V. Gogol "Inspector", "Dead Souls"
14. V. Bykov "Sotnikov" (Sotnikov, Rybak, headman, Demichiha)
Honor and dishonor
About honor (for entry)
Such concepts as "honor" and "conscience" somehow lost their relevance in modern world indifference and cynical attitude to life.
If earlier it was a shame to be known as an unscrupulous person, today such a “compliment” is treated easily and even with bravado. Pangs of conscience - today it is something from the field of melodrama and is perceived as a movie plot, that is, the audience is indignant, and at the end of the film they go and, for example, steal apples in someone else's garden.
In our time, it has become ashamed to show mercy, compassion, sympathy. Now it’s “fun”, under the approving hooting of the crowd, to hit the weak, kick the dog, insult an elderly person, get nasty to a passerby, and so on. Any muck created by one bastard is perceived almost as a feat by the fragile minds of teenagers.
We stopped feeling, fenced off from the realities of life by our own indifference. We pretend not to see or hear. Today we pass by a hooligan, we swallow insults, and tomorrow we ourselves imperceptibly turn into shameless and dishonest people.
Let's remember past times. Dueling with swords and pistols for insulting an honest name. Conscience and duty that guided the thoughts of the defenders of the Fatherland. Mass heroism of the people in the Great Patriotic War for trampling the honor of the beloved Motherland by the enemy. No one shifted the unbearable burden of responsibility and duty onto the shoulders of another, so that it would be more comfortable for himself.
Honor and conscience are the most important and valuable qualities of the human soul.
A dishonest person can go through life without feeling the pangs of conscience for his deeds. There will always be sycophants and hypocrites fussing around, extolling his imaginary merits. But none of them will lend him a helping hand in Hard time.
A person who is unscrupulous in order to achieve goals will not spare anyone on his ambitious path. Neither loyal friendship, nor love for the Motherland, nor compassion, nor mercy, nor human kindness are inherent in such a person.
We all want respect and attention from those around us. But only when we ourselves become more tolerant, more restrained, more tolerant and kinder, we will have the moral right to reciprocate the manifestation of these qualities.
If today you have betrayed a friend, cheated on a loved one, “got stuck” with a colleague, insulted a subordinate, or deceived someone’s trust, then don’t be surprised if tomorrow the same thing happens to you. Once abandoned and useless, you will have a great chance to reconsider your attitude to life, to people, to your actions.
A deal with conscience, covering up to a certain point dark deeds, in the future can end very badly. There will always be someone more cunning, arrogant, dishonorable and unscrupulous, who, under the guise of false flattery, will push you into the abyss of collapse in order to take the place that you also took from another.
An honest person always feels free and confident. Acting according to conscience, he does not burden his soul with vices. Greed, envy and indefatigable ambitions are not inherent in him. He just lives and enjoys every day given to him from above.
Conclusion: An honest person can be persecuted, but not dishonored. (F. Voltaire)
2. Honor, decency, conscience - qualities that need to be cherished (according to the works
Russian literature of the 19th century)
Output:I agree to endure any misfortune,
But I do not agree that honor has suffered. (Pierre Corneille)
Conclusion: Honor is like a precious stone: the slightest speck deprives it of its brilliance and robs it of
its entire price. (Pierre Boschin, French writer)
4 Do you agree with the statement of F.M. Dostoevsky “There is a line in everything, beyond which
dangerously; for once you step over, it is impossible to turn back”?
Output:“The opposite of honor is dishonor, or shame, which consists in the bad opinion and contempt of others” (Bernard Mandeville)
5. What is true honor and what is imaginary?
When the guilty pleads guilty, he saves the only thing worth saving - his own
honor (Victor Hugo)
6. What can be done to protect human honor?
Output:
"I prefer death to dishonor" ( unknown author)
7. How to choose in a difficult moment between honor and dishonor?
Output:Those who are not ready to die for their own honor will find dishonor.
B. Pascal
8. Where do dishonest people come from?
Output:“My father taught me that duty and honor are above all in life. A man who does not know how to keep his word is no better than a wild beast ... ”(Centurion)
9. What is the meaning of honor?
“They meet by clothes, but see off by mind”
Output:“Not the strong are the best, but the honest ones. Honor and dignity are the strongest of all ”(Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky)
10. A work about honor and dishonor that excited you ...
List of references in the direction "Honor and dishonor"
1. Life of Alexander Nevsky
2. "Shemyakin Court"
3. F.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth" (Messrs. Prostakov, Mitrofan, Sophia, Milon, Starodum)
4. A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter" (Pyotr Grinev, Alexei Shvabrin, Masha Mironova, Pugachev), "Eugene Onegin" (Onegin, Vladimir Lensky, Tatyana and Olga Larin), "The Stationmaster" (Samson Vyrin, his daughter Dunya and Cornet Minsky)
5. N.S. Leskov "Old genius" (old woman, young nobleman, official of the 14th category)
6. I.A. Bunin "The Caucasus", "The Gentleman from San Francisco"
7. "The Tale of Igor's Campaign"
8. M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" (Grigory Alexandrovich Pechorin, Grushnitsky, Princess Mary, Bela, Maxim Maksimych, Vera)
9. A.K. Tolstoy "Vasily Shibanov" (Prince Kurbsky and his stirrup Vasily Shibanov, Ivan the Terrible, Malyuta)
10.L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"
11. A.I. Kuprin “Duel” (Grigory Romashov, Shurochka, her husband Nikolaev,), “Garnet Bracelet” (lady Vera Sheina, her husband Vasily, brother Nikolai Nikolaevich, poor official Zheltkov, father’s friend General Anosov)
12. M. Gorky "At the bottom"
13. N.V. Gogol "Inspector", "Dead Souls"
14. V. Bykov "Sotnikov" (Sotnikov, Rybak, headman, Demichiha)
Composition on the topic: The theme of honor and dishonor in the work of Pushkin
After reading the story of A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", you understand that one of the themes of this work is the theme of honor and dishonor. The story contrasts two heroes: Grinev and Shvabrin - and their ideas of honor. These heroes are young, they are both nobles. YES, and they get into this backwater (Belogorsk fortress) not of their own free will. Grinev - at the insistence of his father, who decided that his son needed to "pull the strap and sniff the gunpowder ..." And Shvabrin ended up in the Belogorsk fortress, perhaps because of the high-profile story associated with the duel. We know that for a noble, a duel is a way to defend honor. And Shvabrin, at the beginning of the story, seems to be a man of honor. Although in terms of common man, Vasilisa Egorovna, a duel is “death murder”. Such an assessment allows the reader, who sympathizes with this heroine, to doubt the nobility of Shvabrin.
You can judge a person by his actions in difficult times. For the heroes, the capture became a test Belogorsk fortress Pugachev. Shvabrin saves his life. We see him "cut in a circle, in a Cossack caftan, among the rebels." And during the execution, he whispers something in Pugachev's ear. Grinev is ready to share the fate of Captain Mironov. He refuses to kiss the impostor's hand, because he is ready to "prefer a cruel execution to such humiliation ...".
They also relate to Masha in different ways. Grinev admires, respects Masha, even writes poetry in her honor. Shvabrin, on the contrary, mixes the name of his beloved girl with mud, saying "if you want Masha Mironova to come to you at dusk, then instead of gentle rhymes, give her a pair of earrings." Shvabrin slanders not only this girl, but also her relatives. For example, when he says “as if Ivan Ignatich was in an inadmissible relationship with Vasilisa Egorovna ..” It becomes clear that Shvabrin does not really love Masha. When Grinev rushed to free Marya Ivanovna, he saw her "pale, thin, with disheveled hair, in a peasant dress." her rebels.
If we compare the main characters, Grinev will undoubtedly cause more respect, because despite his youth he managed to behave with dignity, remained true to himself, did not disgrace the honest name of his father, defended his beloved.
Perhaps all this allows us to call him a man of honor. Self-esteem helps our hero at the trial at the end of the story to calmly look into the eyes of Shvabrin, who, having lost everything, continues to fuss, trying to slander his enemy. A long time ago, back in the fortress, he overstepped the boundaries defined by honor, wrote a letter - a denunciation to Grinev's father, trying to destroy the newly born love. Having acted dishonorably once, he cannot stop, he becomes a traitor. And therefore Pushkin is right when he says “cherish honor from a young age” and making them an epigraph to the whole work.
