Pantry of the sun summary analysis. Composition “Analysis of the fairy tale“ Pantry of the Sun ”Prishvin M.M.

Goals:

• on the basis of what they read, learn to highlight character traits main characters,
• analyze the actions of children, their behavior in nature;
• repeat the theory of literature (portrait, epithet, personification);
• develop thinking, oral speech, replenish vocabulary.

Equipment: illustrations for the work, a portrait of M. Prishvin, children's drawings.

Lesson type: consolidation of the material.

During the classes.

I. Organizational moment.

II. Motivation of educational activity, announcement of the topic, objectives of the lesson.

III. Work on the content of the work.

1. Literary dictation.

1. In what year was the fairy tale written? (In 1945)
2. Who is Antipych? (Forester)
3. What was the name of the wolf in the work? (Gray landowner)
4. In a popular way, some excellently pleasant place in the forest. (Palestinian)
5. A swampy place in a swamp, it's like a hole in the ice. (Elan)
6. The name of the swamp, near which the children lived. (Fornication)
7. Names of the main characters. (Nastya, Mitrasha)
8. Who saved the boy from death in the swamp? (Dog Grass)
9. On whose behalf is the story of the “Pantry of the Sun” being conducted? (Scouts of swamp riches)
10. The author of the work. (Mikhail Prishvin)

2. Verification homework (Read the plan made at home.

3. Frontal conversation with elements of selective reading of the text and retelling.

• From the very beginning of the work, we get acquainted with the main characters Nastya and Mitrasha. The narrator draws portraits of children for us. What is a portrait in literary work? (Description of the appearance of the hero: his face, figures, clothes).
• Find the portrait of Nastya in the text.
• Read the portrait of Mitrasha.
• Knowing some ways of expressing the author's attitude, it is necessary first of all to dwell on those epithets and comparisons with which children are characterized. What is an epithet? ( An artistic definition of an object or phenomenon that helps to vividly imagine the object, to feel the author's attitude towards it).
• Note that the author calls Nastya not a “chicken”, but a “chicken”, this expresses his tenderness for the girl. Helps to understand the attitude of the author to his characters precisely a large number of diminutive suffixes. She compares freckles with gold coins, her hair is cast in gold, not her nose, but her nose, she is all smiling, like a cheerful sun. The brother also enjoys no less sympathy. What does the writer emphasize most about his appearance? ( Strength, perseverance, perseverance).
• It is impossible not to notice the "straight" narrator's scores in which he expresses his sympathy for the children, is proud of them, rejoices in their successes.

"They were very nice..."
“... however, the poor kids got a lot of care ...”
“But very soon smart and friendly guys learned everything themselves ...”
“And what smart little kids they were!”
“There was not a single house where they would live and work as amicably as our favorites”

Prove with words from the text that Nastya and Mitrasha are diligent, efficient, and economical. They love and remember their parents.

“Just like the dead mother…”
"Mitrasha learned from his father..."
“He (Mitrasha) well, paternally wrapped footcloths around his feet ...”
“Why do you need a towel?” Mitrasha asked.

But how? - answered Nastya. “Don’t you remember how mom used to pick mushrooms?”

“- You remember this,” Mitrasha said to his sister, as his father told us about cranberries ... "

Read the beginning of the passage "Spruce and Pine" ...

The writer endows natural phenomena in this work with signs of living beings.

What is the name of such an image in literature? (Incarnation).

How exactly do the evil forces of nature interfere with children, try to intimidate them, leave the forest?

(The trees growled, howled, groaned).

And vice versa, how kind nature calms children, helps them:

(Belous grass showed the direction of the elani bypass)

How do children behave in the forest?

“It was very quiet in nature and the children, who were cold, were quiet before that ...”
“With bated breath, the children sat on the cold stone, waiting for the first rays of the sun to come to them.”
"The motionless sat on the stone."

Let's dwell on the episode "Dispute of children about the road", find out how each of them behaves.
- How do brother and sister behave when left alone with nature?
- Why does Mitrasha become a prisoner of the swamp?
- Let's read the "mysterious" words of the wise forester Antipych.

“... You guys, dressed and shod, go ...”

What didn't the forester say?

"If you don't know the ford, don't go into the water."

How do you understand these words?
- Mitrasha directly climbed into the Blind Elan, ignoring two things. What?

(Nastya's warning and white-bearded grass).

Seeing Grass and feeling the hope of salvation, Mitrasha no longer repeated the mistake, but acted carefully, deliberately. Prove it with words from the text.

"…AND small man stopped a big heart. He froze in accurate calculation movement…”

Let's go back to the road that Nastya walked on. She chose the right path: it was not by chance that she found the cranberry Palestinian. What does Prishvin make us think about, depicting the path of Nastya? Find the passage Berries”, and it will become clear to us that Prishvin selects “affectionate words” to convey an affectionate attitude towards nature.

How does Nastya behave among such wealth?

(She's greedy)

The writer does not like such greed, he shows a giant elk and says that he, such a hulk, has enough aspen crust and marsh shamrock petals.

“Where does a person, with his power, get greed even for the sour cranberry?” - Prishvin asks reproachfully.

What made the girl realize her act? ( Encounter with a snake)

What did Nastya imagine?

... as if she was there, on the stump ...

The girl is deeply worried about what happened and further actions ... ( gave the whole healing berry to sick children).

The paths of discoverers and masters are necessary and useful to people, but strength and beauty are fully manifested only when, on the chosen path, he follows the highest duty - to be useful to others. Departure from this makes the person himself unhappy, first of all.

Nastya screamed, Mitrasha heard her cry and answered her, but why didn’t the girl hear anything? ( A gust of wind carried the cry to the other side).

Tell us what happened when Mitrasha got out of the Blind Elani. ( Killed the wolf).

How did the neighbors behave when they heard the roar of hungry cattle?

What surprised everyone?

What is now called the "man in the pouch"? ( hero).

Now it remains to say who the narrators are. Read.

IV. Conclusion.

So what is a pantry of the sun? ( This is not only the Fornication swamp with its reserves of combustible peat, it is all nature and man - the "wise master".)

Connecting the life of people and nature, Prishvin expresses his main idea: Man must be reasonable in his relationship with nature, understand it, love and protect it. ( This is an epigraph to the lesson, we write it in a notebook).

V. Homework:

1. Think about why the “Pantry of the Sun” is called a true story?
2. Retell close to the text one of the descriptions of nature.
3. Draw illustrations “At a lying stone”, “Spruce and pine in the Fornication swamp”.

Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin

"To protect nature means to protect the homeland."

M. Prishvin

Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin was born on January 23, 1873, p. Khrushchev, Yelets district, Oryol province.

Russian writer, author of works about nature, who revealed in them a special artistic natural philosophy, hunting stories, works for children. special value have his diaries that he kept throughout his life.

Born into a merchant family. After graduating rural school, entered the Yelets classical gymnasium, from where he was expelled (1888) for insolence to the teacher V.V. Rozanov. He moved to the city of Tyumen to live with his uncle. He graduated from six classes of the Tyumen real school. In 1893, Prishvin entered the Riga Polytechnic.

So, the very first book by M. Prishvin "In the land of fearless birds" made him famous writer. A new name appeared in Russian literature - Prishvin. But the road to himself was not so close for Mikhail Mikhailovich, he did not immediately find his face, which we immediately imagine when pronouncing the name - Prishvin.

He wrote many books, tried different genres such as: story, essay, poem, novel, diary. But most of them were written in nature, this can be seen even by the titles of the works:

Chanterelle bread

Zhurka

golden meadow

Forest floors

talking rook

Khromka

Inventor

Guys and ducks

blue bast shoes

Bear

Moose

sip of milk

How Romka crossed the stream

Our garden

Salvation Island

forest owner

pantry of the sun

From childhood, we are taught that nature must be loved and protected, try to preserve its values, which are so necessary for man. And among the many great Russian writers who touched on the theme of nature in their works, one still stands out against the general background. We are talking about Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin, who was called the "old man-forester" domestic literature. Love for this writer arises in lower grades and many carry it throughout their lives.

Man and nature in the work of Mikhail Prishvin

As soon as you start reading the works of Mikhail Prishvin, you immediately begin to understand their features. They do not have any political overtones that his contemporaries loved so much, there are no bright statements and appeals to society. All works are distinguished by the fact that their main value is a person and the world: nature, life, animals. And these artistic values the writer tries to convey to his reader that he understands how important unity with nature is.

Once Prishvin said:“... I write about nature, but I myself only think about people” . This phrase can be safely called a backbone in his stories, because in them we see an open and thinking person, with with a pure heart talking about true values.

Despite the fact that Prishvin survived several wars and a revolution, he did not stop praising a person for his desire to know life from all sides. Of course, love for nature stands apart, because not only people, but also trees and animals speak in his works. All of them help a person, and such help is mutual, which emphasizes unity.

Another great writer, Maxim Gorky, spoke very precisely about Mikhail Mikhailovich in his time. He said that none of the Russian writers had met such strong love to nature. Indeed, Prishvin not only loved nature, he tried to learn everything about it, and then pass this knowledge on to his reader.

Reasoning about purity human soul

Mikhail Prishvin sincerely believed in people, trying to see only the good and positive in them. The writer believed that over the years a person becomes wiser, he compared people with trees:"... so there are people, they endured everything in the world, and they themselves become better until their death." And who, if not Prishvin, who survived the heavy blows of fate, should know about this.

The writer put mutual assistance at the basis of human relations, because a person had to always find support in his friends and relatives. He said: "The highest morality is the sacrifice of one's personality in favor of the collective." However, Prishvin's love for man could only be compared with his love for nature. Many works are written in such a way that every phrase hides deep meaning, a discussion of the subtle relationship between man and nature.

M. Prishvin is greatest writer that links nature and man together. Suddenly he says:“everything beautiful on earth is from the sun, and everything good is from man.”

Analysis of the work "Pantry of the Sun"

Genre : Pantry of the sun "-fairy tale. Since very real children go on a very real journey - for cranberries. But they have to face the animated forces of nature - both benevolent and hostile (wolf Gray landowner).

Characteristics of the main characters:
In the work "Pantry of the Sun" the main characters are a brother and sister named Mitrasha and Nastya, who lost their parents, as stated in the work.

At the very beginning of the work, a description of the main characters is given. The external image of Nastya :
"Nastya was like Golden Hen on high legs. Her hair, neither dark nor blond, shone with gold, the freckles all over her face were large, like gold coins, and frequent, and they were crowded, and they climbed in all directions. Only one nose was clean and looked up.

Description of the image of Mitrasha: " Mitrasha was two years younger than his sister. He was only ten years old with a ponytail. He was short, but very dense, with foreheads, the back of his head was wide. He was a stubborn and strong boy. "The little man in the bag," - teachers at school called him among themselves with a smile. "The little man in the bag", like Nastya, was covered in golden freckles, and his nose, also clean, like his sister's, looked up.

Mitrasha and Nastya were smart children: “ But very soon smart and friendly guys learned everything themselves and began to live well. And what smart kids they were!”

It can also be noted that Mitrasha and Nastya are very hardworking:
"If it was possible, they would join community service. Their noses could be seen on collective farm fields, in meadows, in the barnyard, at meetings, in anti-tank ditches: such perky noses.

In particular, about Nastya, this can be noted in the following lines: “ Just like her late mother, Nastya got up far before the sun, in the predawn hour, along the shepherd's trumpet. With a stick in her hand, she drove out her beloved herd and rolled back into the hut. Not going to bed anymore, she kindled the stove, peeled potatoes, made dinner, and so busied herself with the housework until night.

And in particular about Mitrasha: “ Mitrasha learned from his father how to make wooden utensils: barrels, bowls, tubs. He has a jointer, got along more than twice his height. And with this fret, he adjusts the boards one by one, folds and wraps them with iron or wooden hoops.

Despite everything, Nastya loves her brother: “ Nastya, noticing that her brother was beginning to get angry, suddenly smiled and stroked him on the back of the head. Mitrasha immediately calmed down, and the friends went along the path indicated by the arrow, now not side by side, as before, but one after another, in single file.

And Mitrasha was a brave fellow at all: But not everyone could believe that a boy in his eleventh year of life could kill an old cunning wolf. However, several of them who believed, with a rope and large sleds, went to specified place and soon they brought the dead Gray landowner.
But of course, brother and sister are not at all ideal, correct and obedient children. They argue over who is the boss.
« It happens, and now Mitrasha will remember how his father instructed his mother, and decides, imitating his father, to also teach his sister Nastya. But little sister obeys, stands and smiles ... Then the "Peasant in the bag" begins to get angry and brusque and always says with his nose up: - Here's another! - What are you bragging about? - the sister objects. - Here's another! brother gets angry. - You, Nastya, are bragging yourself. - No, it's you! - Here's another!"

Mitrasha loves to prove his case: « Having checked the direction of the paths on the compass, Mitrasha, pointing out the weak path, said:
We need to go north along this one.
- It's not a trail! - answered Nastya.
- Here's another! Mitrasha got angry. - People were walking, - means the path. We need to go north. Let's go and don't talk anymore." Because of what later almost drowned in a swamp.

Nastya was a greedy girl : carried away by the harvest of an unprecedented harvest of cranberries, I almost forgot about my brother. "At first, Nastya plucked each berry from the whip separately, for each red berry she leaned to the ground. But soon, because of one berry, she stopped bending over; she wanted more."
“And just to remember her brother, it was necessary, when suddenly Nastenka saw something that not every cranberry gets to see at least once in her life ...”

But experienced trials make children smarter and kinder. « But when from the orphanage of evacuated Leningrad children turned to the village for all possible help for sick children, Nastya gave them all her healing berries. It was then that we, having entered into the confidence of the girl, learned from her how she tormented herself for her greed.

The attitude of the author to the characters : The author treats his brother and sister good-naturedly, since throughout the whole work he speaks of them only kind word. Affectionately calls the boy Mitrash or a little man in a bag, "hunter with a double visor," or Nastya also affectionately calls "hen."

speech characteristic heroes: the speech of the two heroes is colloquial, tk. children use the words "Palestinian", "get along", etc.
In addition, it can be noted that Mitrasha all the time uses exclamatory sentences, which shows his courage and masculinity, for example, "Let him try!"

You can also say that the author uses the sounds of various animals in the work: “Tek-tek! - slightly audible tapping huge bird capercaillie in the dark forest. - Shvark-shvark! - a wild drake flew over the river in the air. - Quack-quack! - wild duck mallard on the lake. - Gu-gu-gu ... - a beautiful bird bullfinch on a birch "

Features of the plot and composition: Prishvin is very attentive to children. He has a gentle sense of humor and big love describes two independent peasant children who are able to cope with a large household. Prishvin, in the images of a brother and sister, affirms peasant thoroughness, love of work, practical intelligence and the ability to deal with difficulties.
The name "Pantry of the Sun" is an ambiguous image. "Pantry of the sun" is not only peat, which can be used as a source of energy. This and all reserved northern nature, this and kind heart people. Prishvin is a great connoisseur and lover of nature. He poetically describes awakening spring nature, the voices of birds and animals, merging into a single magical choir of the Russian forest.

educational value: Prishvin, in his fairy tale, brought up in children an aesthetic sense of admiring nature, because. there is a lot of description of nature in his work. A child, while reading “The Pantry of the Sun”, also develops kindness in himself, because, comparing himself with the heroes of this work, he understands that everything that is not done should be in the name of kindness, not only for himself, but also for others. This fairy tale also teaches a child not to be greedy, because. the quality of "greed" is very clearly condemned in this work.In addition, the "Pantry of the Sun" brings up in children that it is simply necessary to listen to someone else's opinion, otherwise you can break a lot of firewood. In addition, one can definethat this work teaches the child to be brave and hardworking.

Composition

M. M. Prishvin entered literature not only as a talented writer, but also as an ethnographer, geographer, cosmographer. However, his works were not in demand in Soviet society. Ideal for the literature of that time were works full of high civil and revolutionary pathos, saturated with the socialist slogans of those years. Prishvin's work was considered an attempt to get away from real life, from solving pressing problems to building a brighter future. Prishvin's discovery talented artist the words took place only in recent decades. Today he is one of the most unsolved writers.

A huge influence on all his work was the nature of his native land. Was born future writer at the Khrushchevo estate. It was here that he learned to listen and hear the sounds of nature, its sometimes quiet, and sometimes loud speech. Prishvin was very gifted with hearing "to the whistle of birds, the breath of herbs and the murm of animals." He tried his best to convey the voice of nature, to translate it into the language of man. We are amazed at this ability of his, reading the story "Pantry of the Sun."

The plot of this piece is quite simple. This is a story about the life and adventure of two little children left orphans in a difficult time. post-war years. But Prishvin envelops his heroes with such a poetic shell that everything that happens becomes like a fairy tale. It is this genre that Prishvin chooses for his work - a fairy tale-tale. The concept of "fairy tale" will become central in the work of Prishvin in the 20-50s. For the writer, this concept was that form of artistic narration in which he could freely embody his ideals, portray the unshakable laws of nature. In "The Pantry of the Sun" he creates the image of an ideal village where everyone lives peacefully, amicably, okay. And a small family - brother Mitrasha and sister Nastya - are everyone's favorites, these are two little suns.

“Nastya was like a Golden Hen on high legs. Her hair, neither dark nor blond, shone with gold, freckles all over her face were large, like golden coins ... Only one nose was clean and looked up. Mitrasha was two years younger than his sister. He was a stubborn and strong boy. “The little man in the bag,” the teachers at the school called him among themselves, smiling. “The little man in the bag,” like Nastya, was covered in golden freckles, and his nose, also clean, like his sister’s, looked up. The author lovingly describes his characters and endows them with cute names. And this is also somewhat reminiscent of a fairy tale. And now our little heroes are going on a long journey to a Palestinian woman, whom they know about from the stories of their father. This is reminiscent of the saying: “go there, I don’t know where.” Children fall into a huge fairyland where every bush, every bird has the ability to speak and think. The author places us in wonderful world nature, while he is trying his best to show the relationship of man with this natural world: “poor birds and animals, how they all suffered, trying to pronounce something common to all, one beautiful word! And even children, as simple as Nastya and Mitrasha, understood their effort. They all wanted to say only one beautiful word. You can see how the bird sings on a branch, and each feather trembles from her effort. But all the same, they cannot say words like we do, and they have to sing, shout, tap out.

Tek-tek! - a huge capercaillie bird taps in a barely audible dark forest.

Shvark-shvark! - a wild drake flew over the river in the air.

Quack-quack! - wild mallard duck on the lake.

Gu-gu-gu ... - a beautiful bird bullfinch on a birch.

The author appears here as a person with subtle hearing, able to hear and understand the wonderful language of birds, plants and animals. Prishvin uses a wide variety of means of artistic expression. But the most main reception, with the help of which the heroes of the natural world come to life on the pages of the work, is the personification. The ability to think is possessed in a fairy tale - there were not only animals, but also birds, and even trees. This is a raven and a crow talking, and cranes announcing the coming of the sun and its sunset, and the groan of fused pine and spruce.

Nature is not idle, it actively comes to the aid of man. Mitrasha is also warned of trouble by the old ate woman, in vain they try to block his way to the destructive spruce. And the black raven frightens him with his cry. What can we say about smart, quick-witted and devoted to man dog Grass!

Thus, main topic in were - the theme of the unity of man with nature. In his works, Prishvin "condenses goodness", he embodies his ideals and thereby calls for good readers.

Friendly life of Nastya and Mitrasha in the village.
Children gather for cranberries.
The guys quarreled and went different paths.
Nastya finds a Palestinian woman all covered with cranberries, and Mitrasha, due to her oversight, ends up in a swamp.
The forester's dog Antipych Travka helps Mitrasha out of trouble.
The little hunter kills the old wolf robber Gray Landlord, and the children return home.

Other writings on this work

The study of the "Pantry of the Sun" should be seen as a continuation and development of the theme " native nature". The task of the teacher in this case is complicated by the fact that the fairy tale "Pantry of the Sun" is not just a work about nature. IN diary entry M. Prishvin says: “In „Pantrysun“ I wrote that the truth is a severe struggle for love ... "Prishvin creates a fairy tale" for everyone. Its meaning is deep. Just as the sun deposited its energy in peat deposits, the writer put into the “Pantry of the Sun” everything that he had accumulated over long years: good relations for people, love for nature… Truth is not just love for a person. It lies in a severe struggle for love and is revealed in the clash of two principles: evil and love. “A dog howls on one side of the semicircle, a wolf howls on the other ... What a plaintive howl. But you, a passer-by, if you hear and a reciprocal feeling rises in you, do not believe in pity: it is not a dog howling, truest friend man is a wolf worst enemy him, doomed to death by his very malice. You, passer-by, save your pity not for the one who howls about himself like a wolf, but for the one who, like a dog that has lost its owner, howls, not knowing who now, after him, to serve it. .

Evil, seeking to satisfy the predatory instincts, runs into the power of love, the passionate desire to survive. Therefore, Prishvin's fairy tale shines not only with love - there is a struggle in it, in it a clash of good and evil.

The author used some techniques of the traditional fairy tale. There are confluences of almost fabulous accidents and coincidences here. Animals take an active part in the fate of children. A raven, a poisonous snake, a magpie, a wolf named Gray Landlord are hostile to children. Dog Grass - a representative of "good nature" - faithfully serves man. It is interesting to note that the tale was originally called "Man's Friend". All the philosophical reasoning of the author about the "true truth" is placed in the chapters that tell about Grass.

And at the same time, the events in the work have real basis. "Pantry of the Sun" was written in 1945, after the end of the Great Patriotic War. And “as early as 1940, the author spoke of his intention to work on a story about how two children quarreled and how they went along two divided roads, not knowing that in the forest, such detours again and again merge into one common one. The children met, and the road itself reconciled them. (according to the memoirs of V. D. Prishvina).

The technique of merging the fabulous and the real made it possible for the writer to express his ideal, the dream of the high purpose of man, of his responsibility to all living things on earth. The fairy tale is permeated with the writer's optimistic faith in the closeness and possibility of this dream, if you look for its embodiment in real life, among seemingly ordinary people. The writer first of all expressed this idea in the main characters of the work - Nastya and Mitrasha.

The originality of the work is the disclosure of man through nature, through the relationship of man to nature. Prishvin wrote: “After all, my friends, I write about nature, but I myself only think about people.”

Possible distribution of material by lessons

Part of the first lesson is devoted to acquaintance with individual facts of the biography of M. M. Prishvin, as well as his works. This will awaken interest in the work of the writer, with whom most sixth graders will meet for the first time. In this case, it would be possible to invite students to read in advance some of his works - stories in the collections "Forest Drop", "Forest Floors", "Golden Meadow", "Forest Doctor", etc., and then, in a short conversation at the beginning of the lesson, express their opinion or read a review about the book read.

M. M. Prishvin was born in 1873 near Yelets, in the noble estate Khrushchevo, owned by his father, who came from Yelets merchants. He grew up among peasant children, studied at the Yelets gymnasium and was expelled from there with a “wolf ticket” for a major quarrel with a teacher. Then Prishvin studied at a real school in Tyumen, passed the exams externally for the course of a classical gymnasium, and entered the Riga Polytechnic Institute. He was arrested for participation in a social-democratic student organization and, after a year's imprisonment, was exiled to his homeland under open police supervision. In 1899, Prishvin went to Germany, to Leipzig, from where he returned four years later with a degree in agronomy. He works at an experimental agricultural station, prepares himself for scientific and pedagogical activity in the laboratory of Academician D. N. Pryanishnikov. But the awakened interest in literature makes him dramatically change his fate.

Since 1905, Prishvin has become a travel writer, ethnographer, essayist. Publishes books. Actively contributes to newspapers. Travels and walks around the country. He maintained this way of life until old age. Prishvin admitted more than once that he embodied in him the dreams and tales of his own childhood ...

In children's literature, Prishvin remained as the author of several collections of short stories ("Fox Bread", "The Chipmunk Beast", "Grandfather's Felt Boots", "Stories of the Huntsman Mikhail Mikhalych", etc.), there were fairy tales "The pantry of the sun" and a wonderful transcription of the autobiographical story of the Canadian Indian Vash Kuonnazin "Gray Owl" .

Instead of a story about a biography, you can read excerpts from the "Golden Rose" by K. G. Paustovsky (chapter "Mikhail Prishvin").

The second part of the lesson is devoted to reading aloud (by a teacher or a pre-prepared student) the beginning of the fairy tale was “The Pantry of the Sun”.

At home, sixth-graders read the work of M. Prishvin to the end.

The second lesson can be devoted to the initial acquaintance with the ideological and artistic features of the fairy tale - they were the "Pantry of the Sun", the characters of its main characters - Nastya and Mitrasha.

The purpose of this lesson is to understand why the "Pantry of the Sun" is called "fairy tale". This question is very complex, so you should not seek exhaustive answers in the lesson. At this stage, students will only indicate what here can be attributed to a fairy tale, and what was. To this end, the following questions are proposed:

1. Where and when does the action take place in M. Prishvin's work "The Pantry of the Sun"?

2. How does the beginning of the work resemble a fairy tale?

3. Remember the artistic images, individual episodes that can be called fabulous. Think about the role they play in the work.

4. What is true in the "Pantry of the Sun"?

Highlighting fabulous and realistic elements, we draw the attention of students to the fact that the fabulous elements in Prishvin's work are no more, but no less fabulous than all other images of the work. Therefore, everything here can be called a fairy tale and at the same time a reality. Here it is important to note the peculiarities of the writer's style: when something magical is spoken of, Prishvin will carefully note “it seems”, “as if”, “it seems”, and if we are talking about the real, the writer will definitely emphasize the magical properties of kindness and diligence.

Thus, in the analysis, it is important to focus the attention of students on the fact that in the work "Pantry of the Sun" "a true story and a fairy tale never become different ways, different components of the narrative - the essence of Prishvin's manner is precisely in the fact that they are clearly tangible and absolutely inseparable in every detail of the text " .

The next stage of the lesson is work on the characteristics of Nastya and Mitrasha. Sample questions for conversation:

2. Highlight comparisons and epithets that help to understand author's attitude to Nastya and Mitrasha. What, in your opinion, character traits of these children are especially dear to the author?

3. Remember how Nastya and Mitrasha lived after the death of their mother. What kind of relationship developed between them? What do you think was the most amazing thing about their lives?

The main content of the next lesson is understanding the conflict between Nastya and Mitrasha, its causes and consequences; spiritualization of nature, its participation in the fate of the heroes.

To understand the conflict between Nastya and Mitrasha, some methodologists suggest organizing a discussion that helps to arouse interest in what is read, and also contributes to a conscious understanding of the work. The main questions of the lesson: who is right - Nastya or Mitrasha? Which side is the narrator on?

Another way is also possible - “following the author”. In this case, we offer a conversation with a constant reference to the text. Sample questions and tasks:

1. Retell in your own words, and then read the scene of the dispute between Nastya and Mitrasha. Pay attention to how nature behaves. Is it possible to determine which side the author is on?

2. What made Mitrasha go on an unknown path? Why did he get into trouble? How does the author feel about Mitrasha in this story? What helped Mitrasha emerge victorious from everything that happened? Support your assumptions with details from the text.

3. How did Nastya behave when she was alone? Why did she forget about her brother? What does the author condemn in Nastya's behavior? Find artistic image, which helps to understand the author's attitude towards Nastya.

4. Why does the writer insert a story about spruce and pine growing together in his narrative? Why is this story placed before the appearance of the children in the forest?

5. Read the description of nature after the episode of the children's quarrel (from the words "Then gray cloud tightly moved forward ... "to the words" howled, groaned ... "). Consider how the author helps to understand the meaning of what is happening. What is the author's attitude towards this?

6. Why did Grass come to the aid of man?

It is appropriate not only to specifically recall what personification is, but also to carry out work that will help expand and consolidate this concept. The students give examples from the "Pantry of the Sun" when inanimate objects are endowed with signs of living beings, plants and animals seem to acquire human properties: the black grouse welcomes the sun, the sentry crow calls for a close fight, pine and spruce, old Christmas trees growing together interfere with Mitrasha, etc. It is important to make it clear to students that throughout the course narrative, one can feel the desire of a person to comprehend and animate nature, to make it understandable, close and dear to people.

At home, students should answer in writing one of the questions proposed for discussion in the lesson.

In the next lesson, after checking homework, you can begin to summarize what you have learned. the main objective lesson - to determine the main idea of ​​the work. With a system of questions, the teacher will lead the sixth graders to the conclusion that the “truth” of life, its most important meaning lies in the unity of man and nature, in the kindred wise attitude of man to nature. On the example of the main characters, the writer seeks to show the strength, beauty of a person, his power and huge opportunities. The name of the work is associated not only with peat deposits. The author has in mind the spiritual treasures of a person who lives in nature, is her friend.

Sample questions for conversation

1. Why did the writer call his work a true story? What meaning did he put into these words?

After answering this question, it would be appropriate to read the writer's dedication, placed in one of the first editions for children, The Pantry of the Sun, which will help to better understand the meaning of the whole work:

"Content ordinary fairy tale- this is the struggle of a hero-man with some villain (Ivan Tsarevich with the Serpent-Gorynych). And at the end of the struggle there must certainly be a victory, and a fairy tale in this sense is an expression of the universal faith in the victory of the good over the evil. With this faith I went through my long literary path, with this faith I hope to finish it and pass it on to you, my young friends and comrades. .

2. What is the significance of the story of Grass in the work?

3. What meaning does the writer put into the words "pantry of the sun"?

4. What is the significance of the dispute between Nastya and Mitrasha in the work? How is this story connected with the words: “This truth is the truth of the age-old severe struggle of people for love”?

5. How do you imagine the narrator?

6. Read the epigraph to the chapter. How does he characterize the writer?

In conclusion, we can talk about the fact that after the appearance of the “Pantry of the Sun”, the Mosfilm film studio offered Prishvin to write a screenplay based on this work. The film was never created, but the film story called "The Gray Landowner" was published in the collection of works by M. M. Prishvin in 1957.

M. M. Prishvin entered literature not only as a talented writer, but also as an ethnographer, geographer, cosmographer. However, his works were not in demand in Soviet society. Ideal for the literature of that time were works full of high civil and revolutionary pathos, saturated with the socialist slogans of those years. Prishvin's work was considered an attempt to get away from real life, from solving pressing problems about building a brighter future. The discovery of Prishvin as a talented artist of the word took place only in recent decades. Today he is one of the most unsolved writers.

The nature of his native land had a huge influence on all his work. The future writer was born in the Khrushchevo estate. It was here that he learned to listen and hear the sounds of nature, its sometimes quiet, and sometimes loud speech. Prishvin was very gifted with hearing "to the whistle of birds, the breath of herbs and the murm of animals." He tried his best to convey the voice of nature, to translate it into the language of man. We are amazed at this ability of his, reading the story "Pantry of the sun."

The plot of this piece is quite simple. This is a story about the life and adventure of two little children left orphans in the difficult post-war years. But Prishvin envelops his heroes with such a poetic shell that everything that happens becomes like a fairy tale. It is this genre that Prishvin chooses for his work - a fairy tale. The concept of "fairy tale" will become central in the work of Prishvin in the 20-50s. For the writer, this concept was that form of artistic narration in which he could freely embody his ideals, portray the unshakable laws of nature. In "The Pantry of the Sun" he creates the image of an ideal village where everyone lives peacefully, amicably, okay. And a small family - brother Mitrasha and sister Nastya - are everyone's favorites, these are two little suns.

“Nastya was like a Golden Hen on high legs. Her hair, neither dark nor blond, shone with gold, freckles all over her face were large, like gold coins. Only one nose was clean and looked up. Mitrasha was two years younger than his sister. He was a stubborn and strong boy. “The little man in the bag,” the teachers at the school called him among themselves, smiling. “The little man in the pouch,” like Nastya, was covered in golden freckles, and his nose, also clean, like his sister’s, looked up. The author lovingly describes his characters and endows them with cute names. And this is also partly reminiscent of a fairy tale.

And now our little heroes are going on a long journey to the Palestinian woman, whom they know about from the stories of their father. This is reminiscent of the saying: “go there, I don’t know where.” Children find themselves in a huge fairyland, where every bush, every bird has the ability to speak and think. The author places us in the wonderful world of nature, while he does his best to show the kinship of man with this natural world: “poor birds and animals, how they all suffered, trying to pronounce some common to all, one beautiful word! And even children, as simple as Nastya and Mitrasha, understood their effort. They all wanted to say only one beautiful word. You can see how the bird sings on a branch, and each feather trembles from her effort. But all the same, they cannot say words like we do, and they have to sing, shout, tap out.

- Tek-tek! - a huge capercaillie bird in the dark forest taps a little audibly.

- Swag-shvark! - a wild drake flew over the river in the air.

- Quack-quack! - wild mallard duck on the lake.

- Gu-gu-gu. - a beautiful bird bullfinch on a birch.

The author appears here as a person with subtle hearing, able to hear and understand the wonderful language of birds, plants and animals. Prishvin uses a wide variety of means of artistic expression. But the most important technique by which the heroes of the natural world come to life on the pages of the work is personification. The ability to think is possessed in a fairy tale - there were not only animals, but also birds, and even trees. This is a raven and a crow talking, and cranes announcing the coming of the sun and its sunset, and the groan of fused pine and spruce.

Nature is not idle, it actively comes to the aid of man. Mitrasha is also warned of trouble by the old ate woman, in vain they try to block his way to the destructive spruce. And the black raven frightens him with his cry. What can we say about the smart, quick-witted and loyal dog Travka!

Thus, the main theme in were - the theme of the unity of man with nature. In his works, Prishvin “condenses goodness”, he embodies his ideals and thereby calls for good readers.

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