So, friends, today there will be a big and interesting post about one of the most famous and mysterious stories times - a story about the events in 1959 at the Dyatlov Pass. For those who have not heard anything about this, I will briefly tell the story - snowy winter In 1959, a group of 9 tourists died in the Northern Urals under extremely strange and mysterious circumstances - the tourists cut the tent from the inside and fled (many in the same socks) into the night and cold, later severe injuries would be found on many corpses ...

Despite the fact that almost 60 years have passed since the tragedy, a complete and exhaustive answer to what actually happened at the Dyatlov Pass has not been given so far, there are a lot of versions - someone calls the version of death an avalanche of tourists, someone - a fall nearby of the remnants of a rocket, and some even drag in mysticism and all sorts of "ancestral spirits". However, in my opinion, the mystic has absolutely nothing to do with it, and the Dyatlov group died from much more banal reasons.

What started it all. Hike history.

A group of 10 tourists led by Igor Dyatlov left Sverdlovsk on a hike on January 23, 1959. According to the Soviet classification used in the late fifties, the hike belonged to the 3rd (highest) category of difficulty - in 16 days the group had to ski about 350 kilometers and climb the Otorten and Oiko-Chakur mountains.

What is interesting - "officially" the campaign of the Dyatlov group was timed to coincide with the XXI Congress of the CPSU - the Dyatlov group carried slogans and banners with them, with which they were supposed to be photographed at the end point of the campaign. Let's leave the question of the surrealism of Soviet slogans in the deserted mountains and forests of the Urals, something else is more interesting here - in order to fix this fact, as well as for the photo chronicle of the campaign, the Dyatlov group had several cameras with them - the pictures from them, including those presented in my post, are cut off on the date January 31, 1959.

On February 12, the group was supposed to reach the end point of its route - the village of Vizhay and send a telegram from there to the sports club of the Sverdlovsk Institute, and on February 15 railway return to Sverdlovsk. However, the Dyatlov group did not get in touch ...

The composition of the Dyatlov group. Oddities.

Now we need to say a few words about the composition of the Dyatlov group - I will not write in detail about all 10 members of the group, I will only talk about those that will later be closely connected with versions of the death of the group. You may ask - why are 10 members of the group mentioned, while there were 9 dead? The fact is that one of the members of the group, Yuri Yudin, left the route at the beginning of the campaign and was the only one from the whole group who survived.

Igor Dyatlov, team leader. Born in 1937, at the time of the campaign he was a 5th year student of the radio engineering faculty of the UPI. Friends remembered him as a highly erudite specialist and a class engineer. Despite his young age, Igor was already a very experienced tourist and was appointed leader of the group.

Semyon (Alexander) Zolotarev, born in 1921 - the oldest, and perhaps the most strange and mysterious member of the group. According to Zolotarev's passport, the name was Semyon, but he asked everyone to call himself Sasha. A participant in the Second World War, who was incredibly lucky - only 3% of the conscripts born in 1921-22 survived. After the war, Zolotarev worked as a tourism instructor, and in the early fifties he graduated from the Minsk Institute of Physical Education - the same one located on Yakub Kolas Square. According to some researchers of the death of the Dyatlov group, Semyon Zolotarev served in SMERSH during the war years, and in the post-war years he secretly worked in the KGB.

Alexander Kolevatov And Georgy Krivonischenko. Two more "unusual" members of the Dyatlov group. Kolevatov was born in 1934, and before studying at the Sverdlovsk UPI, he managed to work at a secret institute of the Ministry of Medium Machine Building in Moscow. Krivonischenko, on the other hand, worked in the closed Ural city of Ozersk, where the very top-secret one that produced weapons-grade plutonium existed. Both Kolevatov and Krivonischenko will be closely associated with one of the versions of the death of the Dyatlov group.

The remaining six participants in the campaign, perhaps, are unremarkable - they were all students of the UPI, about the same age and similar biographies.

What the search engines found at the place of death of the group.

The campaign of the Dyatlov group took place in the "normal mode" until February 1, 1959 - this can be judged from the surviving records of the group, as well as from photographic films from four cameras, which captured the tourist life of the guys. Recordings and pictures are cut off on January 31, 1959, when the group parked on the slope of Mount Kholat-Syakhyl, this happened on the afternoon of February 1 - on this day (or on the night of February 2) the entire Dyatlov group died.

What happened to the Dyatlov group? The search engines that went to the parking lot of the Dyatlov group on February 26 saw the following picture - the Dyatlov group's tent was partially covered with snow, ski poles and an ice ax were sticking out near the entrance, Igor Dyatlov's rain jacket was on the ice ax, and scattered things of the Dyatlov group were found around the tent ". Neither valuables nor money inside the tent were touched.

The next day, the search engines found the bodies of Krivonischenko and Doroshenko - the bodies lay side by side near the remains of a small fire, while the bodies were practically undressed, and broken cedar branches were scattered around - which supported the fire. 300 meters from the cedar, the body of Igor Dyatlov was discovered, who was also dressed very strangely - he was without a headdress and shoes.

In March, April and May, the bodies of the remaining members of the Dyatlov group were successively found - Rustem Slobodin (also very strangely dressed), Lyudmila Dubinina, Thibaut-Brignolles, Kolevatov and Zolotarev. Some of the bodies had traces of severe, still intravital injuries - depressed fractures of the ribs, a fracture of the base of the skull, the absence of eyes, a crack in the frontal bone (in Rustem Slobodin), etc. The presence of such injuries on the bodies of dead tourists gave rise to a variety of versions of what could have happened at the Dyatlov Pass on February 1-2, 1959.

Version number one is an avalanche.

Perhaps the most banal and, as for me, the most stupid version of the death of the group (which, however, is followed by many, including those who personally visited the Dyatlov Pass). According to the "avalanche" version, the tent of those who stopped at the parking lot and were inside the tourists at that moment was covered by an avalanche - because of which the guys had to cut the tent from the inside and go down the slope.

Many facts put an end to this version - the tent discovered by the search engines was not at all crushed by a snow slab, but was only partially swept up by snow. For some reason, the snow movement ("avalanche") did not knock down the ski poles, which were calmly standing around the tent. Also, the "avalanche" theory cannot be explained by the selective action of an avalanche - the avalanche allegedly crushed chest and crippled some of the guys, but at the same time did not touch the things inside the tent - all of them, including fragile and easily crumpled, were in perfect order. At the same time, things inside the tent were randomly scattered - which the avalanche certainly could not do.

In addition, in the light of the "avalanche" theory, the flight of the "Dyatlovites" down the slope looks absolutely ridiculous - usually they go sideways from the avalanche. Plus, the avalanche version does not explain the downward movement of the seriously injured Dyatlovites - it is absolutely impossible to go with such severe (consider fatal) injuries, and most likely, the tourists got them already at the bottom of the slope.

Version number two is a rocket test.

Supporters of this version believe that just in those places in the Urals where the Dyatlov expedition took place, a certain ballistic missile or something like a "vacuum bomb" was tested. According to supporters of this version, a rocket (or its parts) fell somewhere not far from the Dyatlov group’s tent, or something exploded, which caused severe injuries to part of the group and a stampede of the rest of the participants.

However, the "rocket" version also does not explain the main thing - how exactly did the seriously injured members of the group travel several kilometers down the slope? Why are there no signs of an explosion or other chemical attack on the things, or on the tent itself? Why were things inside the tent scattered, and half-dressed guys, instead of returning to the tent for warm clothes, started making a fire 1.5 kilometers from it?

And in general, according to available Soviet sources, no missile tests were conducted in the Urals in the winter of 1959.

Version number three « controlled delivery » .

Perhaps the most detective and most interesting version of all - the researcher of the death of the Dyatlov group by the name of Rakitin even wrote a whole book about this version called "Death on the Trail" - where he studied this version of the death of the group in detail and in detail.

The essence of the version is as follows. Three of the members of the Dyatlov group - namely Zolotarev, Kolevatov and Krivonischenko - were recruited by the KGB and were supposed to meet with a group of foreign intelligence officers during the campaign - who, in turn, were supposed to receive secret radio samples from the Dyatlov group of what is being produced at the Mayak plant "- for this purpose, the "Dyatlovites" had with them two sweaters with radio materials applied to them (radioactive sweaters were indeed found by search engines).

As conceived by the KGB, the guys were supposed to transfer radio materials to unsuspecting intelligence officers, and at the same time photograph them quietly and remember the signs - so that the KGB could "lead" them in the future and eventually reach a large network of spies that allegedly worked around closed cities in the Urals . At the same time, only three recruited members of the group were devoted to the details of the operation - the remaining six did not suspect anything.

The meeting took place on the side of the mountain after setting up the tent, and in the course of communicating with the "Dyatlovites" a group of foreign intelligence officers (most likely disguised as ordinary tourists) suspected something was wrong and opened the KGB "setup" - for example, they noticed an attempt to photograph them, after which decided to liquidate the entire group and leave along forest paths.

It was decided to frame the liquidation of the Dyatlov group as a banal everyday robbery - under the threat of firearms, the scouts ordered the Dyatlovites to undress and go down the slope. Rustem Slobodin, who decided to resist, was beaten, he later died on the way down the slope. After that, a group of scouts turned over all the things in the tent, looking for Semyon Zolotarev's camera (apparently, it was he who tried to photograph them) and cut the tent from the inside so that the "Dyatlovites" could not return to it.

Later, already with the onset of darkness, the scouts noticed a fire near the cedar - which the Dyatlovites, who were freezing at the bottom of the slope, were trying to make, went down and finished off the remaining living members of the group. It was decided not to use firearms - so that those who would investigate the murder of the group would not have unambiguous versions of what happened and obvious "traces" along which they could send the military to comb the nearby forests in search of spies.

In my opinion, this is a very interesting version, which, however, also has a number of drawbacks - firstly, it is completely incomprehensible why foreign intelligence officers needed to kill "Dyatlovites" hand-to-hand, without using weapons - this is quite risky, plus it does not practical sense- they could not help but know that the bodies would not be found until spring, when the spies were already far away.

Secondly, according to the same Rakitin, there could not be more scouts than 2-3 people. At the same time, downed fists were found on the bodies of many "Dyatlovites" - in the version of "controlled delivery" this means that the guys fought with spies - which makes it unlikely that the beaten scouts ran down to the cedar and even hand-to-hand finish off the surviving "Dyatlovites".

All in all, there are still a lot of questions...

Mystery 33 frames. instead of an epilogue.

The surviving member of the Dyatlov group, Yuri Yudin, believed that the guys were definitely killed by people - according to Yuri, the "Dyatlovites" witnessed some secret Soviet tests, after which they were killed by the military - arranging the matter so that it was not clear what happened there on really. Personally, I am also inclined to the version that the Dyatlov group was killed by people, and the real chain of events was known to the authorities - but no one was in a hurry to tell the people about what really happened there.

And instead of an epilogue, I would like to place such a last frame from the film of the "Dyatlovites" - according to many researchers of the death of the group, it is in it that we need to look for the answer to the question of what actually happened on February 1, 1959 - someone sees in In this blurry defocused frame, traces of a rocket falling from the sky, and someone - the faces of scouts looking into the tent of the "Dyatlovites".

However, according to another version, there is no mystery in this frame - it was taken by a forensic expert in order to unload the camera and develop the film ...

So it goes.

What do you think really happened to the Dyatlov group? Which version do you prefer?

Write in the comments if you're interested.

Two different person based on the same

facts will write two stories of completely different merit

DI. Pisarev.

Preface.

Currently, absolutely all authors writing on the topic of the death of the Dyatlov group support the version of the investigation that the death of students occurred on the night of February 1-2, 1959. Until a certain point, I also adhered to this version. After all, three of the four stopped clocks found in the hands of the dead students showed the time interval between 8 and 9 o'clock.

Therefore, with the light hand of the investigators, in the materials of the investigation, official documents, fiction, and later on the Internet, the opinion was established for a long time that the death of the group occurred between 20 and 21 hours on February 1, 1959, at night. However, after careful analysis of all information available to me, I did not find a single fact that could unequivocally testify that the Dyatlov group died on the evening of February 1, or on the night of February 1-2, 1959, as the investigation suggested. It was especially annoying that the analysis of student behavior showed absolutely clearly that all their actions were conscious and sighted, that is, tragic events could not have happened at night. And this led to the assumption that the students' clocks stopped from 8 to 9 am on February 2.

But until a certain time, I did not have absolute evidence that the death of students occurred precisely on the morning of February 2, during daylight hours, and therefore, like everyone else, I was forced to adhere to the official point of view. However, later, having made a request to the archive of the Sverdlovsk seismic station, and after analyzing and decoding seismograms, we received absolute and irrefutable evidence that the death of the Dyatlov tourist group occurred at 8:41 am, February 2, 1959. Moreover, it was possible to discover new facts that clearly testified in favor of the space version of the death of students, and even almost minute by minute to reconstruct the events that took place in the area Mount Kholat Syahyl. In this regard, I was forced to edit the text for the new book, which I propose to the reader.

Chapter 1. What caused the death of the Dyatlov group?

"It is not necessary to multiply entities unnecessarily."

Okama's law.

The reason for this tragedy, which resulted in the complete death of a student tourist group led by Igor Dyatlov, is still a mystery that neither the investigators who had this criminal case in hand, nor numerous subsequent researchers, could uncover. repeatedly covering the events of this incident over the fifty years that have passed since the tragedy. Meanwhile, a retrospective study of the events that took place in the mountains of the Northern Urals on February 1, 1959, allows us to confidently assert that the mysterious death of the members of the Dyatlov group was associated with airborne electric discharge explosions of fragments of a small comet.

All this deserves to be told about this case in more detail, and only on the basis of the materials of the investigation and documented facts.

Most full information about this incident was collected and summarized by M.B. Gershtein in his book "Secrets of UFOs and Aliens" (M-SPb 2006, ed. "Owl"), although he, as well as other researchers, could not understand the reason for the death of the Dyatlov group.

In fairness, it should be said that numerous versions of the mysterious death of a group of tourists led by Igor Dyatlov in the mountains of the Northern Urals have been repeatedly published in the periodical press before. with many conflicting details. About this case, with the most fantastic additions, I was also told in the city of Serov, Sverdlovsk Region.

Unfortunately, all modern versions created by semi-literate researchers, for the most part, do not agree with the facts at all, and are mediocre fantasies of the authors who created them.

Let me remind you that as a result of the investigation, based on the revealed facts and numerous eyewitness accounts, prosecutor Ivanov came to an unequivocal and completely fair conclusion about the involvement of mysterious luminous fireballs in the death of students.

But, failing to understand the true nature of these mysterious space objects, prosecutor Ivanov, who was in charge of this criminal case, thought they were mysterious UFOs. This point of view, which the investigator Ivanov reported to the first secretary of the Sverdlovsk regional party committee, and which he defended with sincere conviction many years after the tragedy, gave the death of students a mystical coloring. As a result of this circumstance, the criminal case was ordered to be closed, all the testimonies of witnesses about the "glowing balls" were withdrawn from the case, and the case itself was classified as "secret" and archived. All this was immediately implemented, but later, this decision caused a lot of questions and comments from modern researchers, who considered that they still "Fool in full."

Meanwhile, in this extraordinary story there is nothing mysterious and mysterious at all, because the “glowing balls” that caused the death of the Dyatlov group were not mystical UFOs, but a chain of fragments of a small comet that invaded the Earth’s atmosphere in February - March 1959.

And now let's restore the facts and the chronology of events morning February 2 1959, the tragic date of the death of the Dyatlov group, and for this we use all the information available to us. And in the course of the story, we will accompany the story of the events that took place with our own small commentary.

Start of the hike.

This organized group of tourists included ten young people: the head of the group Igor Dyatlov, 23 years old, the youngest member of the group Lyudmila Dubinina, 20 years old, Alexander Kolevatov, Zinaida Kolmogorova, Rustem Slobodin, Yuri Krivonischenko, Nikolai Thibault-Brignolles, Yuri Doroshenko, as well as the oldest member of the tourist group Alexander Zolotarev - 37 years old, and Yuri Yudin , the only surviving member of this group.

The purpose of the journey of the Dyatlov group was to climb the mountain Otorten(lit. with Mansi - "do not go there" ), located at the intersection of the northern edge of the Sverdlovsk region with the borders of the Komi Republic and the Khanty-Mansiysk Okrug.

And the death of students occurred at the foot of the mountain Holotsakhl, (Kholat Syahyl)(lit. "mountain of the dead" ). According to the Vogul legend, the name of the mountain was given long before the death of the Dyatlov group, because of the Mansi group that died here, which also included 9 people.

The Dyatlov group left by train from Sverdlovsk to Serov, from there to Ivdel, then to Vizhay, from which the group reached the 2nd Northern settlement on foot. In this village, due to an attack of sciatica, Yuri Yudin lagged behind the group, and this, in the end, saved his life. However, he was not a participant in the tragic events and therefore could not help solve the mystery of the death of the rest of the guys from the Dyatlov group.

The last entry in the diary of the tourist group, made by Dyatlov on January 31: “We are developing new methods of more productive walking. ... We are gradually separating from Auspiya, the ascent is continuous, but rather smooth. And now the spruces ran out, we went to the border of the forest. West wind, warm, piercing... Nast, bare places. You don’t even have to think about the device of the storehouse. About 4 hours. You have to choose accommodation. We descend to the south - to the valley of Auspiya. This is apparently the snowiest place. The wind is light, the snow is 1.2 - 2 meters thick. Tired, exhausted, they set about arranging an overnight stay. Firewood is scarce. Weak, raw spruce. The fire was lit on logs, reluctance to dig a hole. We dine right in the tent. Warm. It is hard to imagine such comfort somewhere on a ridge, with a piercing howl of the wind, a hundred kilometers from settlements.

We can draw a preliminary conclusion, and highlight the most important information for us, based on this record. The Dyatlov group is literate. This is evidenced by the fact that the members of the Dyatlov group, as experienced taiga people, in deep snow conditions, made a fire on logs. (Otherwise, having flared up, it will simply drown in deep snow and go out.) Already at 4 o'clock, without waiting for the end daylight hours, the Dyatlov group began to choose a place to sleep. This also testifies to the maturity of the group leader Igor Dyatlov. Note the maximum thickness of snow in the forest is 1.2 - 2 meters, and on the slope of the mountain - crust. The next day, February 1, 1959, the group built a storehouse, and, leaving some of their things and food in it, went light to Mount Otorten.

Last night.

On their last night, the Dyatlov group settled down approximately three hundred meters from the top of Mount Holat Syahyl, digging a hole and pitching a tent on an open mountain slope. Here is what the decision to dismiss the criminal case says about this: “In one of the cameras, a photo frame (taken last) was preserved, which shows the moment of excavation of snow to set up a tent . Considering that this shot was taken with a shutter speed of 1/25 second at aperture 5.6, with a film sensitivity of 65 units. GOST, and also taking into account the density of the frame, we can assume that the installation of the tent has begun around 5 p.m. on February 1, 1959. A similar picture was taken with another camera. After that time, not a single record and not a single photograph was found.”

We can specify the time of setting up the tent. Given that people's behavior always standard, and there was no reason to break the usual daily routine, the group, like the day before started setting up the tent about 16 hours evenings.

Setting up a tent.

The tent was set up soundly and was believed to be in an absolutely safe place. A little later, the search engine S. Sorgin will confirm - the tent was set up according to all the rules of mountaineering art: “On March 4, I, Axelrod, Korolev and three Muscovites went up to the place where Dyatlov’s tent was. All of us here came to a unanimous opinion, the tent was set up in accordance with all tourist and mountaineering rules. The slope on which the tent stood does not pose any danger ... ". And here is the testimony of Evgeny Polikarpovich Maslennikov, one of the leaders of the search: The tent was stretched out on skis and poles crammed into the snow , its entrance was facing the south side, and on this side the stretch marks were intact, and the stretch marks on the north side (from the side of the mountain) ripped off therefore, the entire second half of the tent was littered with snow. There was little snow, what is poured by snowstorms during the February period.

Why did the stretch marks of the tent break?

I emphasize streamers torn from the side of the mountain. And we note one inaccuracy. Throughout February, according to weather reports, snow and blizzards were not observed. And looking ahead, we will immediately reveal the secret. The stretching of the tent was torn off by an explosive wave of a fragment of a comet that exploded over the mountain, as a result of which a little snow blew into the torn tent. Here is the weather report for the Ivdel region on the day of the death of the group: “Precipitation was less than 0.5 mm. Wind north-northwest, 1-3 meters per second. Snowstorms, hurricanes, snowstorms were not observed. That is, a weak wind, the maximum speed of which was less than 11 kilometers per hour, could not damage the stretching of the tent, which, moreover, was in a conscientiously dug snow hole, and had practically no windage. But some kind, and, moreover, a considerable force, nevertheless tore the stretch marks of the tent. Anyone who has seen such tents knows that the hemp stretching ropes on them, in terms of strength, can replace the towing cable of a car. And the energy of the electric discharge cosmic explosion had to have considerable force, to cut off all the stretch marks at once.

The beginning of the search.

The search for the Dyatlov group began February 21, and the tent abandoned by tourists was found only on the fifth day of the search, February 26 1959. Here is what the head of one of the search groups, Boris Efimovich, a third-year student at the Ural Polytechnic Institute, writes about this: Among the search engines, our group was the youngest. ... I remember that we were the first to arrive in Ivdel. Then we were thrown by helicopter into the mountains, but not to Otorten, as planned, but south. We had a radio operator and a hunter with us. Local people, older than us. They assumed that nothing good was expected at the end of this epic. We young people were completely convinced that nothing terrible had happened. Well, someone broke his leg - they built a shelter, they sit, they wait. There were three of us that day: the local forester Ivan, me and Misha Sharavin. … We went from the pass obliquely to the north-west, until we saw ... The tent stands, the middle of it is failed, but it stands. Imagine the state of 19-year-old boys. It's scary to look into the tent. And yet we begin to stir with a stick - into the tent through open entrance and the cut was packed with a lot of snow. There was a windbreaker at the entrance to the tent. As it turned out, Dyatlovskaya. There is a metal box in his pocket ... There is money, tickets in it. We were pumped up: Ivdellag, bandits all around. And the money is in place. So it's not so scary anymore. They dug a deep trench in the snow near the tent, but found no one there. Terribly happy. We took a few items with us so that we wouldn’t get hit by the guys for “fantasies” ... We reported the discovery by radio. We were told that all groups would be transferred here…”

As a comment, it should be said that concentration camps for prisoners of the famous Ivdellag were densely located in these places. Therefore, before the discovery of the missing group, it was assumed that the Dyatlov group could become a victim of fleeing prisoners.

Versions about the murder of students are false.

“The location and presence of items in the tent (almost all shoes, all outer clothing, personal items and diaries) indicated that the tent was left suddenly and at the same time by all the tourists, and, as established in the subsequent forensic examination, lee side of the tent, where the tourists had their heads, turned out to be cut from the inside in two places, in areas that ensure the free exit of a person through these cuts.

Below the tent throughout up to 500 meters traces of people walking from the tent to the valley and into the forest were preserved in the snow ... Examination of the traces showed that some of them were left with an almost bare foot (for example, in one cotton sock), others had a typical display of felt boots, feet shod in a soft sock, and so on. The paths of the tracks were located close to one another, converged and again diverged not far from one another. Closer to the border of the forest, the tracks ... turned out to be covered with snow. Neither in the tent nor near it were found signs of a struggle or the presence of other people.

And this extract from the criminal case is absolute documentary evidence that the Dyatlov group left the tent almost instantly, due to some real threat to life. But Pay special attention to the fact that ".. Neither in the tent nor near it were found signs of a struggle or the presence of other people. That is, all versions about the murder of students by outsiders are false.. And the authors of all the criminal versions just sucked them out of their fingers. After all, none of these authors relied on facts, but colorfully, with breathtaking details, expounded only their own fantasies.

The location of the bodies of the dead and a description of the injuries.

Later, the rescuers who were walking down to the northeast traces, found the bodies of the dead. IN 850 meters from the tent they found the body of Kolmogorova, sprinkled with ten centimeters layer of snow, Slobodin's body lay behind 1000 meters, Dyatlova for 1180 meters, and in 1.5 km from the tent, they found the bodies of Doroshenko and Krivonischenko stripped to their underwear, which were lying slightly powdered with snow by the fire, bred under the cedar. Witnesses noticed a small puddle of blood near Kolmogorova's head, which was running down her throat.

The rest of the bodies were discovered much later, in a hollow near a stream. All the bodies of the dead students were practically on the same straight line, and this is very important for our reconstruction of the events that took place. And according to the position of the bodies of Slobodin, Dyatlov and Kolmogorova, it could be assumed that they died trying to return to the tent. Later, an autopsy will show Slobodin has a six-centimeter crack in the skull, 0.1 cm wide. Dyatlov lay on his back, head towards the tent, grabbing a birch trunk with his hand.

The remaining four: Dubinina, Zolotarev, Thibault-Brignolles and Kolevatov were found after the hardest persistent search, May 4 only. They lay 75 meters from the fire, by the stream, perpendicular to the path from the tent, under 4.5 meters of snow.

From the materials of the criminal case: “A forensic medical examination established that Dyatlov, Doroshenko, Krivonischenko and Kolmogorova died from the effects of low temperature (frozen), none of them had any injuries, apart from minor scratches and abrasions. Slobodin had a skull fracture, 6 cm long, which spread to 0.1 cm, but Slobodin died of hypothermia.

May 4th 1959, 75 meters from the fire, towards the valley of the fourth tributary of the river. Lozva, that is, perpendicular to the path of movement of tourists from the tent, under a layer of snow of 4 - 4.5 meters, the bodies of Dubinina, Zolotarev, Thibault-Brignolles and Kolevatov were found. Krivonischenko and Doroshenko's clothes - trousers, sweaters - were found on the corpses, as well as a few meters from them. All clothes have traces of even cuts, as they were already removed from the corpses of Krivonischenko and Doroshenko. The dead Thibault-Brignolles and Zolotarev were found well-dressed, Dubinina was worse dressed - her faux fur jacket and cap ended up on Zolotarev, Dubinina's unbowed leg was wrapped in Krivonischenko's woolen trousers. Krivonischenko's knife was found near the corpses, with which young firs were cut near the fires.

Two watches were found on Thibaut's hand - one of them shows 8 hours 14 minutes, the second - 8 hours 39 minutes. A forensic autopsy established that Kolevatov's death was caused by low temperature (frost). Kolevatov has no injuries. Dubinina has a symmetrical rib fracture: 2,3,4,5 on the right and 2,3,4,5,6,7 on the left. In addition, extensive hemorrhage in the heart. Thibaut-Brignoles has an extensive hemorrhage in the right temporal muscle, corresponding to him - a depressed fracture of the skull bones measuring 3-7 cm ... Zolotarev has a fracture of the ribs on the right 2,3,4,5 and 6 ..., which led to his death.

The strange color of the skin of the dead.

All search engines and forensic experts note strange skin color dead members of the Dyatlov group. Here is what the search engine Boris Slobtsov said about this: “When we climbed through the pass to the others, Doroshenko and Krivonischenko had already been found. We now confidently call names. And then Yura Doroshenko was mistaken for Zolotarev. I knew Yura, but I didn't recognize him here. Even his mother didn't recognize him. And they also wondered about the fifth corpse - is it Slobodin or Kolevatov. They were completely unrecognizable.,skin of some strange color ... "

Search engine Ivan Pashin told his nephew, V.V. Plotnikov that the color of the exposed areas of the head and hands of the dead was orange red. But at that time, few people paid attention to this, believing that this was the result of a monthly exposure to the sun and snow. In the documents of the forensic medical examination, the color of the skin of the dead is recorded as reddish purple.

As another commentary, it should be said that the changed color of the open skin areas, members of the Dyatlov group, unequivocally testified to a burn with light-thermal radiation from an electric discharge explosion of a meteorite and the investigators were obliged to pay attention to it. However, the strange skin color of the students was thought to be the result of too long a search, and during this time the corpses were allegedly exposed to prolonged exposure to sun and frost. In addition, autopsies were performed on thawed bodies than was possible at the time and explained the strange discoloration of the skin.

The students left the tent without any injuries.

And here is how prosecutor Lev Nikitovich Ivanov covers the events: “As a forensic prosecutor, I had to be involved in the investigation or lead the investigation in the most difficult cases. … So I ended up in the impenetrable Ural taiga in a canvas tent ... Inspection of the tent showed that the outer clothing of tourists was preserved intact in it - jackets, trousers, backpacks with all their contents. It is known that tourists even in winter, settling down for the night in a tent, take off their outer clothing ..... . From the tent from the mountain to the valley there were sometimes 8, sometimes 9 paths of tracks. In conditions of mountains with supercooled snow, the tracks are not swept up, but on the contrary, they look like columns, since the snow under the tracks is compacted and blown around the track.

Let's break the quote for another comment. I would like to draw the reader's attention to the fact that L.N. Ivanov directly writes that "... There was not a single drop of blood in the tent and near it, which indicated that all tourists left the tent without injuries... .»

That is, the authors of the versions, who claim that the students were injured in the tent as a result of an avalanche or a murder, did not read the materials of the criminal case well, and in their versions they state their own fantasies. In addition, L.N. Ivanov considered it necessary to point out that « The presence of nine paths of footprints confirmed that all the tourists walked on their own, no one was carrying anyone. However, there are a lot of authors on the Internet who continue, contrary to the facts, to claim that one of the students was carrying the victim. And this lie still continues to be actively replicated in numerous forums.

Autopsy results: fatal injuries received from exposure to an air blast wave.

But let’s continue Ivanov’s quote: “ And then there was a mystery. 1.5 km from the tent, in the river valley, near the old cedar, after escaping from the tent, the tourists lit a fire and began to die here, one by one ... When investigating cases, there are no minor details - investigators have a motto: attention to detail! Near the tent, a natural trace was found that one man went out for small needs. He went out barefoot, wearing only woolen socks (“for a moment”). Then this trace of unshod feet is traced down into the valley. There was every reason to build a version that it was this person who gave the alarm, and he didn't have time to put on his shoes.

So, there was some kind of terrible force that frightened not only him, but also all the others, forcing them to leave the tent in an emergency and seek shelter below, in the taiga. Finding this force, or at least approaching it, was the task of the investigation. February 26, 1959 below, at the edge of the taiga, we found the remains of a small fire and here we found the bodies of the tourists Doroshenko and Krivonischenko, stripped to their underwear. Then a body was found in the direction of the tent Igor Dyatlov, not far from him two more - Slobodin and Kolmogorova. Without detailing, I will say that the last three were the most strong and strong-willed personalities, they crawled from the fire to the tent for clothes - this is quite obvious from their postures. Subsequent autopsy showed that these three courageous people died from hypothermia - they froze, although they were better dressed than others. Already in May, near the fire, under five meters of snow we found dead Dubinina, Zolotarev, Thibault-Brignolles and Kolevatov. Externally, there are no injuries on their bodies. The sensation came when, in the conditions of the Sverdlovsk morgue, we performed an autopsy of these corpses. Dubinina, Thibaut-Brignolles and Zolotarev had extensive, completely incompatible with life bodily internal injuries. Luda Dubinina, for example, has 2,3,4,5 broken ribs on the right and 2,3,4,5,6,7 on the left. One piece of a rib even penetrated the heart. Zolotarev has 2,3,4,5,6 broken ribs. Note that this is without visible bodily harm.

Such damage, as I have described, usually occurs when a large directed force acts on a person, for example, a car at high speed. But such damage cannot be received from falling from a height of one's own height. In the vicinity of the mountain ... there were boulders and stones of various configurations covered with snow, but they were not in the way of tourists (remember the footprints), and, of course, no one threw these stones ... There are no external bruises. Therefore, there was a directional force that selectively acted on individuals ... "

Let's pause for another explanation.

Here is the response of the forensic expert Dr. Vozrozhdenny to the investigator's request about the cause of the injuries: “I believe that the nature of the injuries in Dubinina and Zolotarev is a multiple fracture of the ribs: in Dubinina it is bilateral and symmetrical, in Zolotarev it is unilateral, as well as hemorrhage into the heart muscle in both Dubinina and Zolotarev with hemorrhage into the pleural cavities indicate their survival and are the result of a great force, approximately the same as that which was applied to Thibault. These injuries ... are very similar to the injury caused by an air blast wave..

Indeed, the nature of the injuries of all members of the Dyatlov group suggests that these injuries were obtained from exposure extremely powerful air blast wave. And here is what is typical. At the moment of exposure to force, which caused death and injury, all the dead members of the Dyatlov group were not only in different places, but also at a fairly significant distance from each other. That is, it really was the impact of a powerful blast wave.

On the selectivity of the thermal effect of a cosmic explosion.

We continue the quotation of L.N. Ivanova: “When already in May E.P. Maslennikov examined the scene, they found that some young fir trees on the border of the forest have a burnt mark, but these traces were not concentric or otherwise systemic. There is no epicenter. This once again confirmed the directionality of a kind of thermal ray or a strong, but completely unknown, in any case, to us, energy acting selectively, - the snow was not melted, the trees were not damaged.

Let's break the quote again for one more little comment.

A radiant explosion and the selectivity of its action is a characteristic feature of electric-discharge cosmic explosions. This phenomenon has not been observed in any other explosions.

I repeat, the selectivity of a powerful light effect is a typical and natural characteristic of the propagation of thermal energy only for a cosmic electric discharge explosion.

This was not understood not only by the investigation team that studied the consequences of a cosmic explosion in the vicinity of Mount Kholat Syakhyl, but also by numerous researchers who also drew attention to a similar mysterious phenomenon of the electric discharge explosion of the Tunguska meteorite.

Here is a short quote from Radika Mann's book "The Punishment of Heaven, or the Truth About the Tunguska Disaster" ": "Another incomprehensible feature of the effects of radiation ( Tunguska explosion ) on the vegetation the selectivity of this effect. Trees almost unaffected by the heat could be located almost next to badly burned ones. And such an incomprehensible alternation was observed over the entire area of ​​the burn. Researchers could not understand the regularity of this phenomenon and despaired. How should a flash shine if one tree is burned, and the rest nearby are not touched?

This question is answered in detail in my article on Tunguska disaster, but for now let's try to determine the power of the explosion that killed the students of the Dyatlov group.

Estimated power of space electric discharge explosion.

As you know, air atomic explosions over Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the power of which was 12 and 20 kilotons of TNT, ignited wood from a distance of up to 1.5 kilometers and charred her at a distance of 3 kilometers. And it can be assumed that power air electric discharge space explosion in the area of ​​Mount Kholat Syahyl, was comparable to a small nuclear explosion.

It must be said that academic scientists try to determine the power of cosmic electric discharge explosions in different ways, which is why their estimates of the power of such explosions differ by thousands of times (!!!). Some scientists estimate the power of a cosmic explosion by the volume of the funnel left at the site of the explosion (the volume of the funnel is considered approximately equal to the amount of explosive in TNT equivalent). Others estimate the power of an air blast by the amount of damage that remains around the epicenter of the explosion. Therefore, the power of the Tunguska explosion, some academic scientists have determined only ten kilotons of TNT, while others, focusing on the area of ​​forest fall at the site of the Tunguska disaster, estimate the power of the Tunguska explosion at hundreds of megatons of TNT.

The distance from the epicenter of the cosmic explosion to the tent.

It should also be recalled that the amount of light radiation is directly proportional power explosion And back proportional square distances to the epicenter explosion. There are no traces of thermal exposure on the tent, but all students received burns - sunburn of exposed skin. According to the Ivdel prosecutor Tempalova, flying around the area of ​​the death of students in a helicopter, he saw numerous craters on the back slope of Mount Kholat Syahyl, that is relatively close to the tent.

Why were the materials of the investigation classified?

And now we will again give the floor to the prosecutor L.N. Ivanov, who quite clearly explains by whom and why the criminal case was classified: “It seemed that when the tourists on their feet passed 500 meters down the mountain then someone dealt with some of them in a directed way ... When, together with the regional prosecutor, I reported the initial data to the first secretary of the regional party committee, L.P. Kirilenko, he gave a clear command - to classify all work, and not a single word of information should leak out. Kirilenko ordered to bury the tourists in closed coffins and tell their relatives that the tourists died from hypothermia... When the investigation was underway, a tiny note appeared in the Tagil Rabochiy newspaper: "... This luminous object moved silently towards the northern peaks of the Ural Mountains." The author of the note asked what it could be? For the publication of such a note, the editor of the newspaper was fined, and in the regional committee they suggested that I not develop this topic. A.F. Eshtokin, the second secretary of the regional party committee, took over the leadership of the investigation in my case. At that time, we still knew very little about unidentified flying objects, we did not know about radiation either. The ban on these topics was caused by the possibility of even accidentally deciphering information about rocket and nuclear technology, the development of which at that time was really just beginning, and there was a period in the world that was called the period of the Cold War.

The investigation ruled out all versions of the death of the Dyatlov group, except for fireballs.

We continue to quote the revelations of L.N. Ivanova: " And the investigation must be carried out, I'm a professional forensic specialist and must find a clue. I nevertheless decided, despite the ban, to work on this topic with the utmost secrecy, since other versions, including the attack of people, animals, a fall during a hurricane, etc., were excluded by the materials obtained. It was clear to me who died and in what sequence - all this was given by a thorough examination of the corpses, their clothes and other data. Only the sky and its filling remained - an energy unknown to us, which turned out to be higher than human strength.

From the foregoing, it clearly follows that the investigation, having consistently considered all the versions, rejected them and came to the unequivocal conclusion that “fireballs” were to blame for the deaths of students.

To our deep regret, the conclusion suggests itself that modern researchers either did not read the materials of the investigation, or deliberately lie. For, without burdening themselves with facts, they composed dozens of their own versions that contradicted the reasonable conclusions of the investigation, replacing them with their own fantasies.

Is a UFO to blame for the deaths of students?

L.N. Ivanov tried to sincerely understand the cause of the death of the students, and based on the materials of the investigation put forward his own hypothesis of the death of the students of the Dyatlov group: “ … As a prosecutor, who at that time already had to deal with some secret defense matters, I discarded the version of an atomic weapon test in this zone. It was then that I began to closely engage in "fireballs". I interrogated many eyewitnesses of the flight, hovering and, simply speaking, visiting by unidentified flying objects of the Subpolar Urals. By the way, when aliens are necessarily associated with UFOs, that is, unidentified flying objects, I do not agree with this. UFOs must be deciphered as unidentified flying objects, and only in this way. Many data suggest that these may be bundles of energy that are not understood by modern people and are not explained by modern data of science and technology, affecting living and inanimate nature encountered on their way. Apparently, we met with one of them ... It was already a matter of technology - to find other people who, at night and in the evenings in January-February 1959, did not sleep on duty, but were on duty in the open. Now it's no secret to anyone that the Ivdel zone at that time was a continuous "archipelago" of camp points that formed Ivdellag, which was guarded around the clock. ... The study of the case is now completely convincing, and even then I adhered to the version of the death of student tourists from the impact of an unknown flying object. Based on the collected evidence, the role of UFOs in this tragedy was quite obvious ...

If I used to think that the ball exploded, releasing unknown to us, but radioactive energy, now I believe that the action of energy from the ball was electoral, it was directed at only three people. When I reported to A.F. Eshtokin about his findings - fireballs, radioactivity, he gave a completely categorical instruction: to classify absolutely everything, seal it up, hand it over to the special unit and forget about it. Is it necessary to say that all this was exactly done? … And one more time about fireballs. They were and are. It is only necessary not to hush up their appearance, but to deeply understand their nature. The vast majority of informants who met with them speak of the peaceful nature of their behavior, but as you can see, there are also tragic cases. Someone had to intimidate, or punish people, or show their strength, and they did this by killing three people. I know all the details of this incident and I can say that only those who were in these balls know more about these circumstances (!?). But were there "people" and whether they are always there - no one knows yet ... "

Unfortunately, these words indicate that prosecutor Ivanov did not quite correctly understand the essence of what happened and inadequately assessed the events that had taken place. On the whole, however, his reasoning was not far from the truth. At the same time, one should not forget that it was 1959, and L.N. Ivanov simply did not have enough knowledge to understand that what he took for a UFO, in fact, was "string of pearls" of a small comet.

Suspecting that fireballs were the cause of the tourists' deaths, investigators, including prosecutor L.N. Ivanov, for whom the exact time of the death of the Dyatlov group was important, were obliged to send a request to the archive of the seismic station of the city of Yekaterinburg, which in 1959 was located on the territory of the Sverdlovsk weather station, because an explosion of such power should have been recorded by seismographs. And in this case, with the help of seismograms, even then it was possible to absolutely accurately determine the time, and the power, and the location of the air explosion. (By the way, they should have done the same and specialists who investigated the explosion in Sasovo(see the article "The mystery of the explosion in Sasovo" on the site), which, using a seismogram from the nearest weather station, could reliably determine the power of the Sasovo explosion.

The reason for the death of the Dyatlov group was a comet.

Thus, the materials of the criminal case unequivocally testified that the cause of the death of the Dyatlov group was the “fireballs” that L.N. Ivanov identified with UFOs. Modern scientific knowledge allows us to confidently assert that these were not UFOs, but fragments of a small comet. And all other versions of the death of students were excluded by investigators at the stage of investigation, as completely untenable. And the strained attempts of modern authors to give birth to something original are simply meaningless. And now we can absolutely reliably and scientifically tell about this extraordinary incident that occurred in the mountains of the Subpolar Urals.

Numerous witnesses observed fireballs in the sky of the subpolar Urals for approximately two months, and the flash of a cosmic explosion was seen in Serov on the morning of February 2, on the day of the death of the Dyatlov group.

Therefore, it is necessary to say a few words about the written testimonies of people who personally observed these fireballs.

Chapter 2

Investigator Karataev's version.

First, let's give the floor to Vladimir Ivanovich Karataev, a former investigator of the Ivdel prosecutor's office, who began an investigation into the death of the Dyatlov group: “I was one of the first at the crash site. Quite quickly identified about a dozen witnesses who said that on the day of the murder of students, a balloon flew by. Witnesses: Mansi Anyamov, Sanbindalov, Kurikov- not only described it, but also drew it (these drawings were later withdrawn from the file). All these materials were soon demanded by Moscow... I handed them over to the prosecutor Ivdel Tempalov, he took to Sverdlovsk. Then the first secretary of the city party committee, Prodanov, invites me to his place, and transparently hints: there is, they say, an offer - stop the case. Clearly, not his personal, nothing more than an instruction "from above" ... Literally a day or two later, I found out that Ivanov had taken it into his own hands, who quickly turned it off. … Of course, it's not his fault. They also put pressure on him. After all Everything was done in the utmost secrecy.. Some generals, colonels came and sternly warned us not to loosen our tongues in vain. Journalists were generally not allowed to take a cannon shot ...» Later, Karataev supplemented his testimony: “... I said so to the first secretary: there is a murder here! Because he himself dug up the corpses and laid out the insides of the guys in boxes. Two died under a cedar, three froze to death on a slope, and four more near a stream. They were killed by something that fell from the sky, I have no doubt. Apparently, there were two blast waves. One covered Dubinina, Zolotarev, Kolevatov and Thibault. They died first. (???)"

But here again an explanation is needed.

In this case, a professional investigator Karataev incorrectly assesses the available information. Doroshenko and Krivonischenko were the first from the Dyatlov group to die. After all, warm clothes cut off from them were later found on Dubinina, Zolotarev, Kolevatovo and Thibaut-Brignole, found under a 4.5-meter layer of snow.)

Let's continue the quote. “The second wave caught up with the rest . Apparently, she turned out to be weaker, or the guys, running away, were able to hide. At least they remained conscious."

And again a small comment.

WITH Investigator Karataev, as well as prosecutor Ivanov, was absolutely convinced that there were two blast waves. And it really was a cosmic tandem explosion. Explosions occurred at intervals of approximately half an hour. The first explosion caught the guys on the slope, 500 meters from the tent, when they were descending from the mountain. AND the victims of this blast wave were Doroshenko and Krivonischenko. Watch Krivonischenko stopped at 8 hours 14 minutes , And the second explosion, which killed the remaining seven members of the Dyatlov group, according to the seismogram of the Sverdlovsk seismic station, occurred at 8 hours 41 minutes, after 27 minutes (plus or minus the error of Krivonischenko's clock).

So how did events develop at the cedar, according to Karataev?

Again, let's give the floor to Karataev himself : “The first thing they began to make a fire. They broke such thick branches of cedar that we, healthy peasants, could not even bend. Apparently, not only the instinct of self-preservation worked, but a deep emotional shock. The most dressed, went to the tent. But no one got there: may have been blinded by the flash. Zina Kolmogorova got closest to the camp. She was found 400 meters away. (??? This is an inaccuracy, because the materials of the investigation indicate at 850 meters). Below Igor Dyatlov and Rustem Slobodin ... I refused to write off the death of tourists for hypothermia. And that's exactly how reported to Khrushchev. I was removed for intractability, and after 20 days the case was closed. When I found it in the archive, there was no longer any forensic medical examination data, nor eyewitness accounts who repeatedly observed the appearance of strange, flying, luminous objects in the sky ... "

N.S. Khrushchev was indeed informed about the strange incident, and he was interested in the progress of the investigation. And this led to additional nervousness and secrecy in the investigation of this case.

However, information about an unknown celestial body that flew by February 1, 1959 preserved. Here is a radiogram from E.P. Maslennikov dated March 2, 1959: “... The main mystery of the tragedy remains the exit of the entire group from the tent. The only thing other than an ice ax found outside the tent, a Chinese lantern on its roof, confirms the possibility of one person going outside, which gave some reason for everyone else to hastily abandon the tent. The reason could be some extraordinary natural phenomenon, meteorological rocket flight (!?) seen on 1.02. in Ivdel, and saw a group of Karelin. We will continue our search tomorrow. …

However P no missiles were fired at the indicated time. Here is the answer from the Baikonur cosmodrome to the request of the search engine V. Lebedev, who knew all the guys from the Dyatlov group well: “In the period you are interested in (from January 25 to February 5, 1959), no ballistic missiles and space rockets were launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome ... We unequivocally affirm that the fall of a rocket or its fragments into the area indicated by you is impossible.

As you can see, the official answer is categorical: “… the fall of a rocket or its fragments into the specified area is impossible.”

And this should be known to supporters of the rocket version, who unsubstantiatedly claim that the rocket was the cause of the students' deaths. And depending on their own hallucinations, they declare this missile to be chemical, meteorological, ballistic, etc. , depending on the strength of your imagination.

Testimony of Rimma Kolevatova about the "fireball".

But unknown luminous objects were indeed observed on the day of the death of the Dyatlov group. Here is what Rimma Kolevatova, the sister of Alexander Kolevatov, told the investigation at a time when the four missing had not yet been found : “I had to bury each of the dead, found tourists. Why do they have such dark brown hands and faces? How to explain the fact that four of those who were at the fire and remained, according to all assumptions, alive, made no attempt to return to the tent? If they were much warmer dressed (according to those things that are missing among those found in the tent), if it's a natural disaster, of course, having stayed by the fire, the guys would certainly crawl to the tent. The entire group could not have been killed by the blizzard.

Why did they run out of the tent in such a panic? Group of tourists Pedagogical Institute, Faculty of Geography (in their words), which was on Mount Chistop (southeast), I saw some kind of fireball these days, in the first days of February, in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bMount Otorten. The same fireballs were recorded later. What is their origin? Could they have caused the death of the guys? After all, experienced and hardy people gathered in the group. Dyatlov was in these places for the third time. Luda Dubinina herself led a group to the town of Chistop in the winter of 1958, many of the guys (Kolevatov, Dubinina, Doroshenko) were on campaigns in the Sayans. They could not die only from a raging storm"

Unfortunately, the investigation did not give an answer to these natural questions of Rimma Kolevatova.

Testimony of Luda Dubinina's father about the explosion.

An excerpt from the interrogation of Alexander Dubinin, the father of Luda Dubinina, is also curious: “I heard conversations of UPI students that flight naked people from the tent caused by an explosion and a large radiation ... The statement of the head The administrative department of the regional committee of the CPSU comrade Yermash, made to the sister of the deceased comrade Kolevatova, that the rest not found now 4 people could live after the death of those found no more than 1.5 - 2 hours, makes you think that forced, sudden flight from the tent due to the explosion of a shell (?!) and radiation... "stuffing" which forced ... to run away from it further and, presumably, affected the life of people, in particular, vision".

That is the investigation was reliably aware of two outbreaks and explosions that killed the Dyatlov group.

In addition, the investigation knew for sure that the analyzes carried out on some of the clothing samples taken by the forensic expert Dr. showed excessive amounts of radioactive substances. And to the question of the investigator: Is it possible to consider that this clothing is contaminated with radioactive dust?”, expert replied: “Yes, the clothes are contaminated or radioactive dust has fallen from the atmosphere, or clothing has been contaminated by handling radioactive materials... this pollution exceeds ... the norm for persons working with radioactive substances.

Based on this, believing that the incident could somehow be accidentally connected with ballistic missile crash and, being afraid to accidentally light up top-secret information, as well as believing that this It is no coincidence that Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev is interested in the case, the Sverdlovsk regional party committee decided to play it safe and destroy the materials of the investigation.

As a result, just in case, all evidence regarding "fireballs", a blinding flash and a mysterious radioactive contamination of the area were destroyed. Accordingly, the results of the forensic medical examination were also classified.

The verbose justification of prosecutor Ivanov about his unseemly role in the illegal destruction of investigation materials becomes clear. : “So that the current generation does not judge us very strictly for our work, I will say that even today about old cases, when eyewitnesses are still alive, they do not tell the whole truth. … Over 40 years of work in the prosecutor's office, and most of this time I was admitted to super-secret information, I still can not understand why it was necessary to lie to the people? I don't want to justify my actions on classifying events with fireballs and the death of a large group of people. I asked the correspondent to publish my apologies to the relatives of the victims for distorting the truth, hiding the truth from them, and since there was no space for this in four issues of the newspaper, I offer this publication to the families of the victims, especially Dubinina, Thibault-Brignolles, Zolotarev, my apologies. At one time, I tried to do everything I could, but at that time there was, as lawyers say, an “irresistible force” in the country, it became possible to defeat it only now. Unfortunately, this is a belated but honest confession of the prosecutor L.N. Ivanov about the situation in which the country and all of us lived at that time.

Testimony of M.A. Axelrod about fireballs.

The testimony of the search engine Moses Abramovich Axelrod about fireballs has also been preserved: « Many have watched unnatural glow some celestial objects in the Middle and Northern Urals early 1959. Bright balls flying in those days across the sky , seen, among others, famous tourists G. Karelin, R. Sedov. A pulsating circle moving horizontally, I myself saw ... ".

Thus, without fear of making a mistake, we can assert that at the beginning of February 1959, the Earth collided with a chain of fireballs, which were fragments of the nucleus of a small comet, torn apart by the forces of gravity of our planet.

(Later, after the collision of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter, astronomers who observed this phenomenon would call it a “string of pearls.”) This chain of “fireballs” burning up in the Earth’s atmosphere was observed by numerous eyewitnesses in February-March 1959. ( Detailed description This phenomenon, which occurs when comets collide with planets, is described by me in an article devoted to the Tunguska catastrophe. And knowledge of the mechanism of cosmic catastrophes of comets allowed me to logically explain many other historical secrets of the past.)

In the drop zone two fragments comets that run out flashes of air electric discharge explosions, accidentally turned out to be a group of Dyatlov, unsuccessfully located for the night not far from the top mountains Holat Syakhil.

At the same time, it should also be recalled the place of an electric discharge explosion always has an increased radioactivity of the soil, about which I have repeatedly spoken in my previous works devoted to cosmic explosions.

Other evidence of fireballs in the sky over Otorten.

1st of February.

Several written documents have been preserved, with testimonies of witnesses who observed the flight of "fireballs" in the region of the Otorten and Kholat Syahyl mountains.

From the interrogation of the witness Krivonischenko Alexei Konstaninovich (father of the deceased Yuri Krivonischenko) by the prosecutor of the investigative department of the prosecutor's office of the Sverdlovsk region Romanov, it follows that on memorial dinner students, participants in the search for the missing group told him that they observed a strange glow in the sky on the first of February in the evening.

Here is the testimony of father Krivonischenko during interrogation: "After the burial of my son, I had students at dinner, participants in the search for nine students. And those that were south of Mount Otorten in January-February. Participants in two groups said that they observed 1st of February in the evening, a light phenomenon that struck (them) north of these groups. Extremely bright glow of some kind of rocket or projectile. The glow was constantly strong…, one of the groups, having already prepared for bed, left the tent and observed this phenomenon. After a while, they heard a sound effect like strong thunder from afar. ... Students said that they observed a similar phenomenon twice: the first and seventh of February 1959."

And here is an excerpt from the protocol of interrogation of Slobodin Vladimir Mikhailovich - the father of Rustem Slobodin: "From him(Chairman of the Ivdel City Council A. I. Delyagin) I first heard that around the time the group had a disaster some residents (local hunters) observed the appearance of a fireball in the sky. That the fireball was observed by other tourists- the students told me E.P. Maslennikov)

Testimony of investigator Ivanov: "... a similar ball was seen on the night of the death of the guys, that is from the first to the second of February students-tourists of the Faculty of Geology of the Pedagogical Institute."

According to the students, R.S. Kolevatova also spoke about the fact that a group of tourists from the Faculty of Geography saw a fireball in the area of ​​Mount Otorten in early February.

Mikhail Vladimirov reports that "that night" (?!) on Chistop they saw "strong light" So what "a flare would hardly have illuminated the area like that".

Fireballs were seen later.

February 17.

In a note by A. Kissel, Deputy. Head of communications Vysokogorsky mine "Unusual celestial phenomenon", dated February 18, 1959, in the newspaper "Tagil worker", it is written:

“At 6:55 local time yesterday in the east-southeast at an altitude of 20 degrees from the horizon, a luminous ball the size of the apparent diameter of the moon appeared. The ball was moving towards the northeast. About seven o'clock there was an outbreak near him., and the very bright core of the ball became visible. He himself began to glow more intensely, a luminous cloud appeared near him, rejected towards the south. The cloud spread over the entire eastern part of the sky. Shortly thereafter, a second outbreak occurred., she looked like a crescent of the moon. Gradually, the cloud increased, a luminous point remained in the center (the glow was variable in magnitude). The ball was advancing in an east-northeast direction. The highest altitude above the horizon - 30 degrees - was reached at about 7:05. Continuing to move, this unusual phenomenon weakened and blurred. Thinking that it was somehow connected with the satellite, they turned on the receiver, but there was no signal reception.

In the first half of April 1959, prosecutor Tempalov sought out and interrogated servicemen of the internal troops, who also observed the flight of "fireballs", at six forty in the morning February 17, 1959 described in the newspaper "Tagil worker". According to the soldiers on guard, the luminous object was clearly visible for eight to fifteen minutes. Surrounded by a cloud of fog, it had a variable brightness, and moved slowly at a very high altitude in a northerly direction, like the object that the searchers observed on March 31.

Here is the testimony of the technician - meteorologist Tokareva given on March 16, 1959 to the head of the Ivdel police department:

"February 17, 1959 6:50 a.m. local time, an unusual phenomenon appeared in the sky. Movement of a star with a tail. The tail looked like dense cirrus clouds. Then this star freed itself from its tail, became brighter than the stars and flew away. It began to gradually, as if to swell, a large ball was formed, shrouded in haze. Then a star lit up inside this ball, from which at first a crescent moon was formed, then a small ball was formed, not so bright. The big ball gradually began to fade, became like a blurry spot. At 7:05 a.m. he completely disappeared. The star was moving from south to northeast .

An excerpt from the protocol of the interrogation of a serviceman Alexander Dmitrievich Savkin, conducted by the prosecutor of the city of Ivdel, junior justice adviser Tempalov.
The witness testified: "February 17 1959, at 6 hours 40 minutes in the morning ... a ball of bright white light appeared from the south side, which was periodically shrouded in white thick fog inside this cloud there was a brightly luminous dot the size of an asterisk.
Moving towards the northern direction, the ball was visible for 8-10 minutes.
The protocol of interrogation was filled in with his own hand on April 7, 1959 by Savkin
An excerpt from the protocol of the interrogation of a serviceman of military unit 6602 "V" Malik Igor Nikolaevich, the prosecutor of the city of Ivdel, junior counselor of justice Tempalov.
The witness testified: “On February 17, at 6:40 am, while on duty, I noticed a moving ball of bright white color, which appeared south side. The ball was bright white, in a thick fog of white. The misty cloud grew thicker and lighter, and in the white cloud a bright white ball was shining, which moved north. The ball was visible for 10-15 minutes, after which the ball was not visible in the northern part.
The protocol of interrogation was filled in by hand. April 7, 1959 goal. Malik (signature)

An excerpt from the protocol of the interrogation of the witness Skorykh Georgy Ivanovich, born in 1925, head of the Karaul section of the subsidiary farm of the Bumkombinat, living in the village. Guard of the Novo-Lyalinsky District of the Sverdlovsk Region by the Prosecutor of the Novo-Lyalinsky District, Junior Counselor of Justice Pershin.
" … approximately mid-February 1959 I was in my apartment in the village of Karaul, Novo-Lyalinsky District.
Around 6-7 o'clock in the morning, my wife went outside and immediately knocked on the window and called out to me through the window: “Look. A ball flies and turns. At this cry, I jumped out onto the porch and from the second floor of the house in which I live, from the porch, I saw how a large luminous ball was moving north, the alternation of red and green light was carried out periodically. The ball was removed very quickly, and I only watched it for a few seconds. Then he disappeared over the horizon.
I did not hear any noise from the flight of this balloon. and I believe that the ball flew from us at a very large distance.
This ball, I imagine walked along the Ural ridge from south to north, however, I cannot indicate the exact direction of the flight, it was the size of the Sun or the Moon. I can describe the picture of what I saw, ... this luminous ball was like a bright sun in a fog. The ball moved in a straight line far from us, but I noticed that the light of this ball was constantly changing in a certain alternation of red and green light, around which at the same time a white halo in the form of a ball was constantly preserved.

Hence, the impression was created that the moving ball, changing color, was in a white shell. All this happened instantly within a few seconds, and at what distance this ball was from us, I could not even orient myself, ... "Skorykh (Signed)

Testimony of George Atmanaki from the Karelin group:

"…February 17 Vladimir Shavkunov and I got up at 6:00 am to prepare breakfast for the group. Having lit the fire and having done everything necessary, they began to wait for the food to be ready. The sky was overcast, there were no clouds and clouds, but there was a slight haze, which usually dissipates with the sunrise. Sitting facing north and accidentally turning his head to the east, he saw that in the sky at a height of 30 ° a milky-white blurred spot of about 5-6 lunar diameters and consisting of a series of concentric circles. The shape resembled a halo around the moon in clear frosty weather. I made a remark to my partner that, they say, how the moon was painted. He thought and said that, firstly, there is no moon, and besides, it should be in the other direction. 1-2 minutes have passed since we noticed this phenomenon. I don’t know how long it lasted before and how it looked initially. At that moment, an asterisk flashed in the very center of this spot, which remained the same size for several seconds, and then began to increase sharply in size and move rapidly in a westerly direction. Within a few seconds it grew to the size of the moon, and then, tearing apart the smoke screen, or clouds, appeared as a huge fiery disk of milky color, 2-2.5 lunar diameters in size, surrounded by the same rings of pale color. Then, remaining the same size, the ball began to fade until it merged with the halo surrounding it, which in turn spread across the sky and went out. Dawn began. The clock was 6.57, the phenomenon lasted no more than a minute and a half and made a very unpleasant impression ... ". “... It seemed that some celestial body was falling in our direction. When it grew to enormous proportions, the thought flashed that another planet was coming into contact with the earth, that a collision would now follow.
“... I then had to talk a lot with eyewitnesses, and most describe ... that the light from it was so strong that people in the houses woke up ".

Karelin's testimonial:

« ... I jumped out of the sleeping bag and out of the tent without shoes in only woolen socks and, standing on the branches, I saw a large bright spot. It grew. A small star appeared in the center of it, which also began to increase. All this stain moved from northeast to southwest and fell to the ground. Then it disappeared behind a ridge and forest, leaving a bright streak in the sky. This phenomenon has produced different people different impression: Atmanaki claimed that it seemed to him that now the earth would explode from a collision with some planet; This phenomenon seemed to Shavkunov “not so terrible”, it did not make a special impression on me, - the fall of a large meteorite and nothing more. The whole thing happened in a little over a minute." Fireballs were also seen on March 31st.

March 31.

Memories of Valya Yakimenko:
Camp... A vast clearing in the forest. Army platoon tent 6x6 m. There is a table in the middle of the tent. Near it is an iron stove. A pleasant warmth comes from it and spreads throughout the volume. Backpacks are strewn along the walls. Sleeping bags. Closer to the oven felt boots. Storm coats, quilted jackets, underwear and other wet clothes hang on a rope. And people are everywhere. All frozen, dirty, with red weather-beaten faces.
On the left - we, students of UPI. Right from the entrance, a group of 6 people in black sheepskin coats, black padded jackets. Many have pistols. They are from the group of state security troops. On the right are 9 people in white short fur coats and green quilted jackets. Brushed hair, young faces. These are the guys of military service of the railway troops. They are here instead of sappers. command the military lieutenants Potapov and Avenburg.
Here is one of the typical days: "...Today, like yesterday, and all the previous days, we worked on the slope. We lined up, pierced the snow with long two-meter rods to the stop every 40-50 cm. In some places, snow was knee-deep, in places waist-deep "We move slowly. And so - for several hours. Then we return to the camp". And here diary entry atypical day: "...Today the same work. Hard, tedious. Suddenly the probe does not go to the end, as always in this work, but only to the middle. And next to it, and does not go further, but pushes even further to the end.
Full impression - found the body. Feverishly we dig snow. I put the tool. Roam with hands. The snow falls back into the hole. The rest, huddled around, help widen the hole. Here they rested, raked. Ah, damn! Big log. Let's take a breath and move on."In the evening, radio operator Gosha Nevolin taps out in Morse code: "There is nothing new, we continue the search."
March 31. It was still dark early in the morning. Orderly Viktor Meshcheryakov came out of the tent and saw a luminous ball moving across the sky. Woke everyone up. For 20 minutes we watched the movement of the ball (or disk) until it disappeared behind the mountainside. We saw him in the southeast of the tent. He moved in a northerly direction.
This phenomenon shocked everyone. We were sure that the death of the Dyatlovites had something to do with him. A detailed telegram was sent to Ivdel.

Here is the telegram: “Prodanov, Vishnevsky, 03/31/59, 9.30 local time.
31.3.1959 at 04.00 in the southeast direction orderly Meshcheryakov noticed a large fiery ring, which moved towards us for 20 minutes, then disappearing behind a height of 880.
Before disappearing beyond the horizon from the center of the ring a star appeared, which gradually increased to the size of the moon, began to fall down, separating from the ring.
An unusual phenomenon was observed by the entire personnel, alerted.
Please explain this phenomenon and its safety, as in our conditions it produces an alarming impression.
(lieutenants) Avenburg Potapov Sogrin"

Certificate of a full member of the Geographical Society of the USSR O. Strauch:
"03/31/59. At 04:10, the following phenomenon was observed: from the southwest to the northeast, a spherical luminous body passed quite quickly over the village. A luminous disk, almost the size of a full moon, of a bluish-white color was surrounded by a large bluish halo. At times this halo flared brightly, resembling flashes of distant lightning.When the body disappeared beyond the horizon , the sky in this place was illuminated with light for several more minutes".

Reconstruction of tragic events.

The investigation, focusing on the exposure of the last pictures in the cameras of the Dyatlov group, determined that at about 17:00 on February 1, 1959, the Dyatlov group began to dig a snow hole under the tent. Given the lack of entrenching tools, the pit was dug for a long time, and it can be assumed that, together with the installation of a rather large tent for ten people, it took 1.5 - 2 hours. (The exact time is not yet of any fundamental importance and serves only to indicate the chronological sequence of events.)

With the onset of darkness, everyone slowly began to settle in the tent, taking off their outer clothing and shoes. Evening and night passed quietly. The tragedy occurred on the morning of February 2, after the group woke up and prepared for breakfast.

And the further events of February 2, 1959, up to the moment of the death of students, we can reproduce almost every minute.

Space explosion.

A fireball appeared in the sky above Mount Holat Syakhil at about half past eight in the morning on February 2, 1959. At that time, there was only one person from the group on the street, who came out "for a minute" from the tent in woolen socks and with flashlight, (according to the investigation, presumably, Thibaut-Brignolles), because it was dark in the tent, which had no windows. He probably managed to see how a fireball was rapidly approaching the top of the mountain from the southwest, the flight of which ended in a bright flash.

Powerful the blast wave covered the mountain, and, raising clouds of snow dust, rushed down. Instantly assessing the situation, he shouted a terrible word for any climber: "Avalanche!!!". But here I must make a very important remark. On the side of the mountain loose there was no snow, there was. And the fine snow dust raised by the explosion, swirling and spreading in a continuous veil from the place of the explosion, only created the illusion of an avalanche. In reality, these were only clouds of snow dust raised by the blast wave. And therefore, none of the search engines and investigators found traces of an avalanche on the slope.

There was no panic.

But there was no particular confusion and panic. Because almost instantly, the side of the tent was ripped open with knives in two places at once to the full height, and everyone quickly jumped out. Everyone instinctively looked in the direction from which came this blinding light, burning the skin and blinding the eyes, the brightness of which far exceeded the brightness of the sun. In principle, a few moments would be enough for one of them to get a retinal burn. But in any case, they still had a margin of time, because in order for retinal edema to develop, and complete or partial blindness to occur, it usually takes at least 30-40 minutes. (Similar phenomena are observed when working with electric welding without protective glasses).

The cut tent testifies to the ability of students to make the right decision in an extreme situation.

About the cause of skin burns.

According to Alexander Nevsky's theory of an electric discharge explosion, at the moment of formation of a column of an electric discharge explosion powerful ultraviolet, infrared, x-ray and neutron radiation. Therefore, on open areas of the skin of the face, neck and hands of the children from the Dyatlov group, an "sunburn-tanning", which so puzzled numerous researchers, and heated clothes burned the body.

To illustrate what has been said, we again cannot do without an explanation based on yet another analogy with the Tunguska explosion. Here is the testimony of a resident of the Vanavara trading post, located 65 kilometers from the epicenter of the Tunguska explosion P.P. Kosolapov, which he told in 1963: “In June 1908, at 8 o’clock in the morning, I was going to hay, and I needed a nail. I went out into the yard and began to pull the nail out of the window casing with tongs, suddenly something severely burned ears.

Grabbing them and thinking that the roof was on fire, I raised my head and immediately ran to the hut. It is useful to cite one more eyewitness account. E.L. Krinov in the book "Messengers of the Universe", published in 1963, cites the testimony of a resident of the Vanavara trading post, S.B. Semenov, who suffered from the Tunguska explosion, located 65 kilometers from the epicenter of the explosion: “I don’t remember the exact time, but it was summer, during the plowing of fallows, at breakfast, I was sitting on the porch of the house, facing north ... a fire appeared that covered the entire northern part of the sky. I felt as hot as if my shirt was on fire. I wanted to break it and throw it off me, but at that moment the sky slammed shut, and a strong blow was heard. I was thrown from the porch three fathoms. (That is, approximately six and a half meters!)

Let's make the necessary comparison.

In the case of the Dyatlov group, the electric discharge explosion was, of course, much less powerful than the similar Tunguska one. But the tent of the Dyatlov group turned out to be very close to the epicenter of the explosion, as a result of which people were subjected to a stronger effect of the cosmic explosion, as evidenced by burns to the face, neck and hands, as well as severe injuries received from the impact of the blast wave by members of the Dyatlov group. Fleeing from the rising cloud of snow dust of the blast wave, which the guys mistook for an avalanche, the whole group of Dyatlov rushed down the slope to the seemingly saving forest, while a blinding light hit them in the back. Footprints in the snow showed the direction to the northeast therefore, the flash of the electric discharge explosion was southwest of the tent. And a little later, about 500 meters from the tent, blast wave caught up and knocked over the fleeing group of Dyatlov to the ground.

Losses and injuries from the first blast wave.

Doroshenko and Krivonischenko died from the impact of this blast wave (the autopsy did not establish the exact cause of their death). It is possible that Rustem Slobodin also received a six-centimeter crack in the skull from the same blast wave. The rest escaped with scratches and abrasions.

The stopped watch of Yuri Krivonischenko recorded the time of his fall and death: 8 hours 14 minutes. The survivors did not yet know that they all have to live about half an hour. Having risen after the fall, they continued to move towards the forest, reaching which, some began to make a fire and prepare firewood, while others carried the dead Doroshenko and Krivonischenko to the fire. Here they cut off their clothes, sweaters and trousers, which were divided among themselves by Dubinina, Zolotarev, Kolevatov and Thibaut-Brignolles, in order to put them on themselves, to try to keep the remnants of their body heat. Then Thibaut-Brignoles took and stopped clock Yuri Krivonischenko to give them to the relatives of the deceased.

The members of the Dyatlov group were well aware that in conditions of severe frost and wind they had an extremely limited time for salvation. They were half-dressed, and in order to escape, they urgently needed to bring clothes, equipment and food from the tent. After all, according to the weather report, on that day the temperature was 25-28 degrees below zero. At this temperature, a poorly dressed person is doomed freezing within 1.5-2 hours or even earlier.

Harvest spruce branches, make flooring out of it, dig a snow hole and keep the fire going remained Dubinin, Zolotarev, Kolevatov and Thibault-Brignolles.

Leaving for the spruce branch, the guys filled the fire with firewood, which, as the search engines will later testify, continued burn from one to two hours. Physically stronger ones went to the tent, Zinaida Kolmogorova, Rustem Slobodin, and Igor Dyatlov. Kolmogorova was the first to go to the tent from the fire lit under the cedar, followed by Slobodin a couple of minutes later, and a minute later, after giving the last orders to the remaining ones, Igor Dyatlov.

Second explosion.

And after a while, close to Dubinina, Zolotarev, Kolevatov and Thibault-Brignolle, there was an electric discharge explosion of another fragment of the comet's nucleus, which killed everyone. It was the so-called tandem explosion, a phenomenon absolutely typical for cosmic catastrophes of comets.

This time, the blast wave, dragging an avalanche of snow with it, literally threw the stream into the rocky, tree-covered valley, which had moved away from the fire behind the spruce branches, and were on edge of a cliff Dubinin, Zolotarev, Kolevatov and Thibault-Brignolles, whose stopped clock recorded for us the time of the death of the entire group: 8 hours 39 minutes. Let me remind you that the astronomical time of the explosion according to the seismogram of the Sverdlovsk seismic station is 8 hours 41 minutes. (A slight discrepancy in time is due to the error of the Krivonischenko clock)

At the same time, three of them, during a random fall, hit the trees or stones that were at the bottom of the ravine, after which the entire ravine was covered with a four-five-meter layer of snow.

And Kolmogorov, Slobodin and Dyatlov, lightly dressed and located farther from the epicenter of the explosion, were literally frozen by the second explosive wave of the meteorite, which clogged the lungs and pierced through with icy cold, after passing through which the guys did not find the strength to rise. Let me remind you that the air temperature on that day dropped to minus twenty-eight degrees, and the hurricane ice space wind of the blast wave deprived them last chance survive. An hour and a half after the death of the guys from the Dyatlov group, the fire went out.

The fire was the last to go out.

During the investigation, the father of Yuri Krivonischenko, according to the search engines, said: “The guys claim that the fire near the cedar went out not from a lack of fuel, but from the fact that the people who were at the fire did not see what to do, or were blinded. According to the students, there was a dry tree a few meters from the fire, and under it deadwood, which was not used. In the presence of a fire, not using ready-made fuel - it seems to me more than strange ... "

The stored fuel really remained intact. But there was no one to put it on. By this time, the entire Dyatlov group had died. The fire was the last to go out. Investigators noted the presence of traces of burns on single-standing trees. In order for tree trunks to receive thermal burns, the short-term effect of temperature on their surface had to be about 500 degrees. And the temperature of the electric discharge explosion column is at least 1500-2000 degrees. Even if some of the members of the Dyatlov group received light burns of their eyes from the bright flash of the explosion, then blindness did not have time to develop. For until the last minute, all the actions of the members of the Dyatlov group were meaningfully sighted and logical. Only death in youth is always absurd and illogical.

About broken cedar branches.

Not knowing about the electric discharge explosion that killed the guys, the search engines and investigators misinterpreted the most well-known facts.

Here, for example, is what the search engine G. Atamanka writes about the cause of broken thick branches on a cedar: « The side of the cedar facing the slope on which the tent was was cleared of branches at a height of 4-5 meters. But these raw branches were not used and partly rolled on the ground, partly hung on the lower branches of the cedar.

As a comment, it should be noted that the thick branches of cedar, which, according to investigator Karataev, “It was not even under the power to bend healthy men,” broke the air blast wave, from which all the guys died, and therefore there was no one to use them(i.e. put in a fire).

But, not knowing about it, Atamanka's search engine interprets this fact differently: “It looked like people made something like a window so that they could see from a height the direction from which they came and where their tent was.

Later version of G. Atamanka. “About a window for observation” was picked up by all the authors of inadequate criminal versions.

However, G. Atamanka’s further reasoning is already more logical: “ The volume of work done near the cedar, as well as the presence of many things that obviously could not belong to the two comrades found, indicate that most, if not the entire group, gathered around the fire, who, having made a fire, left some of the people with him. Some decided to go back to find a tent and bring warm clothes and equipment., and the remaining comrades were engaged in the manufacture of something like a hole, where the prepared spruce branches were used to wait out the bad weather and wait for the dawn... (?!)"

Here G. Atamanki made another mistake, which was repeated by absolutely all researchers of the death of the Dyatlov group, because, the death of the students did not occur at night, but at 8:41 am on February 2, during daylight hours.

The situation with the death of the Dyatlov group was completely clear to me, and having posted the article on the Internet, I did not plan to return to this topic anymore. For it was an ordinary article, one of many on my site, devoted to extraordinary cosmic electric discharge explosions. However, quite unexpectedly, the article aroused great interest among the general reader and came out on top in the Yandex search engine. The readers had many questions, and they insisted for more detailed coverage of the topic. The result of a deeper immersion in the topic was the writing by me of several new articles devoted to individual episodes of this criminal case.

Chapter 3

Therefore, this, and all subsequent articles, are a logical addition to the previous work. Not being a criminologist, I did not plan to give a detailed analysis of the tragic events that took place on Mount Kholat Syahyl, on the morning of February 2, 1959. And initially, my first article was designed for a Soviet-style reader who is used to thinking about the text and meticulously delving into its content. I regret to state that the modern Internet user differs sharply from the image of the Soviet reader, kind and wise. Indeed, for a smart reader, it was enough just to state the basic scheme of what happened tragic event and the essence of the phenomenon that destroyed the group.

And I expected that, based on the facts presented in the article, any internet user can easily understand the meaning of what is written, and INDEPENDENTLY check the accuracy of the information presented. After all, all the initial data for this are present in the article, and it is not the author’s fault that modern Internet users are too lazy and do not know how to strain their own brains. Alas, as one of the authors rightly noted, “The development of the Internet has far outpaced the development of its users.”

As in all articles published earlier on my website, the author considers it only right, when describing the circumstances of the death of students from the Dyatlov group, to rely only on documented facts and materials of the investigation, without taking any liberties in describing the events that took place.

This article compares favorably with other versions posted on other sites, in which the authors, despite the facts, express the most exotic versions of what happened, although they do not at all agree with the facts of the officially conducted investigation. And I’ll immediately make a reservation that the investigation conducted by professional Soviet investigators was, on the whole, sound and of high quality, despite some incorrect conclusions that were made as a result of force majeure circumstances of this case. In particular, due to the fact that the investigators were faced with an incomprehensible physical phenomenon and active opposition to the investigation on the part of the leading party apparatus.

Let's once again, in more detail, examine the events, which occurred on February 2 in the morning, before breakfast, because up to this point, all the events of the camping trip took place, as they say, “normally”. To do this, let's try together, as closely as possible to reconstruct the last half hour of the life of the guys from the Dyatlov group.

The extraordinary power of the air electric discharge explosion that occurred in the area of ​​Mount Kholatchakhl, which I indirectly considered to be approximately comparable to the Sasov explosion, made me think, contact the archive of the Sverdlovsk weather station. According to my guess, on the seismograms of this station for 1959, there should have been a record of a cosmic explosion that killed the Dyatlov group. The guess turned out to be correct, and this allowed us to establish the exact astronomical time of the death of the Dyatlov group. The seismogram dispassionately recorded that the cosmic explosion that killed the students of the Dyatlov group in the area of ​​Mount Kholat Syahyl occurred at 8:41 am, February 2, 1959. by local time.

I repeat not on the night from the first to the second of February, as the investigators assumed, and, as absolutely all authors who investigated the circumstances of the death of the Dyatlov group write about it, but on the morning of the second of February. In accordance with these additional data, we can now absolutely reliably restore the sequence of tragic events that occurred in the area of ​​Mount Kholatchakhl.

In the morning, before breakfast, one of the participants in the campaign (according to the investigators, it was Thibaut-Brignolles), who was too lazy to put on outer shoes, wearing only woolen socks, grabbed a Chinese lantern, with which he illuminated himself, getting out of the tightness of the dark tent, leaves small tents. Let's fix this moment as a conditional starting point for further events. Leaving the tent, he sees a flying luminous object in the morning sky, and decides to take a picture of it. Thibaut-Brignoles informs the group about this, asks to give him a camera, after which he puts a flashlight in the fold of the slope of the tent, photographs the object, closes the camera case, passes the camera back, and he himself begins to relieve his small need, continuing to observe the approaching luminous object. And after a short period of time, in the sky, not far from the top of Mount Holat Syahyl, an explosion occurs, similar to the explosion in Sasovo. He must have sounded the alarm after all, even though it was useless.

The fact is that at the time of the electric discharge explosion, the temperature of which reached 1500 degrees, the sides of the tent instantly heated up, and the temperature inside the tent rose to the temperature of the coolest Finnish sauna or higher. The hot air inside the tent mercilessly burned the bodies, and it immediately became difficult to breathe. The photo of the tent shows how many stupid knife blows were inflicted on the sides of the tent and what convulsive cuts-ruptures were made.

That is, when someone managed to cut through the side of the tent, others, grabbing the edges of the cut, helped to break the cut tarp. But any fabric is torn more easily in the longitudinal than in the transverse direction. That is why one of the cuts - gaps has an overturned U-shape. These are not clean cuts, but cuts-ruptures.

In addition, it should be said that it was from the high flash point of the explosion that the trees located at the edge of the forest received selective thermal burns.

And now let's pause to comment on the last thirty-third frame taken by Thibaut-Brignolle, preserved on the film loaded into the camera.

Thirty-third frame.

In my first article, I did not cover the issue of the thirty-third frame, due to the fact that now most users are practically unfamiliar with film cameras such as "Zorkiy" or "FED", but use digital photo and movie cameras. It is easy to understand that this photograph captures a fast-flying, brightly glowing "fireball", which was taken at an exposure of 25\5.6 or 30\5.6, because in the center of the image there is a flare from the petal aperture window, and the luminous ball is blurred due to the high speed of movement. This object is located in the left corner of the frame, and flies from top to bottom, towards the photographer. It would be clearer if the shutter speed was 60, 125, 250, etc. If the subject were less bright and moved very slowly, then there would be no lens flare in the frame, and the subject itself would not look blurry. If we assume that it was a rocket, then a dark spot would have been visible in the center of the luminous object, since the rocket nozzle in this case would have been at the back. It is characteristic that slow speed of the camera shutter, showed the position of the object in the form of five positions. In addition, given its distance from the photographer, and the relative size in the frame, as well as the fact that it was shot with a standard Industar-50 or Industar-50U lens, the luminous ball was quite large, and comparable to the size of the full moon, or exceeded it. It is important to note that similar balls in this area were observed for at least two months, as numerous written eyewitness accounts have been preserved, which indicates that it really was a "string of pearls" of a medium-sized comet.

Running away from the blast wave ...

In order to restore the further events of that tragic day as closely as possible, we must consistently answer a number of fundamental questions.

1. Why did the guys leave the tent so hastily?

Let's try to restore the events in the tent, after a meteorite flash and its electric discharge explosion occurred in the sky. A. Nevsky's calculations show that the temperature of the cosmic explosion reaches 1500 - 2000 degrees, which led to almost instantaneous heating of the air inside the tent to 120-160 degrees, or even higher. Due to the unbearable heat, the tourists did not immediately manage to rip open the sides of the tent, as evidenced by numerous stab blows with knives on the sides of the tent. At the same time, it should be noted that most of the blows with knives were made on the side of the tent, facing the foot of the mountain. And the cut made on the side of the tent, facing the top of the mountain, apparently for observing a celestial object, due to the unbearable heat, was immediately stuffed with a fur jacket. For the same reason, the group got out through cuts made in the opposite side of the tent.

2. Did they run or walk from the tent?

There are no trampled tracks near the tent, so it is logical to assume that after getting out of the tent, the guys did not linger at the tent, but only for a moment, looking around, rushed down with all their might, running away from the resulting blast wave and blinding burning light.

The investigation found that the snow remained only traces of students, No traces of outsiders were found at the scene.

The footprints of students leaving the tent showed the direction to the northeast therefore, we can confidently assume that the electric discharge pillar of the cosmic explosion was located behind the students, that is, on the southwestern slope of Mount Kholat Syahyl. Downhill running limits stride length, because you have to run, slightly leaning back, "from the heel." This is slightly different from the usual "toe" running, but does not limit the speed of running. In addition, the sense of danger and additional adrenaline in the blood, forced the group to run with all their might. It was precisely the fact that the students running downhill took shortened steps that allowed some inadequate authors to assert that the group leisurely (?!) moved away from the tent. This primitive misconception is due to the fact that the authors of Internet publications themselves have been sitting at the computer all their conscious lives and have never run from the mountains, and therefore have no idea about it. In addition, for half-dressed members of the group, "slow walking" in twenty-eight degrees of frost was simply impossible, because it threatened with serious frostbite of the legs, already in the very first minutes after leaving the tent.

3. What was the speed of the air blast wave?

Let's determine the speed of the air blast wave of a space explosion by comparing it with the speed of the wind on the Beaufort scale. According to the Beaufort scale, at a speed of 70 km per hour, the wind breaks thick branches of trees, and at speeds over 90 km per hour, the wind already knocks down, turns upside down, or breaks trees. Considering that only thick boughs of cedar, and the tree itself was not affected, it is most logical to assume that the speed of the air blast wave in the cedar area was close to 70 km per hour (20 m/sec)..

4. What was the running speed and how long did it take the students to reach the cedar?

Now let's determine the time during which the guys from the Dyatlov group could theoretically run a distance of 1500 meters, from a tent to a cedar, in conditions of increased danger and stress. Given that it was a mountain run and the guys were running as hard as they could to escape the blast, I guess they were running no more than six minutes (360 sec). This is the standard for teenage football players aged 13 (see http://kofla.ru/html/norm.html). The time, of course, is far from champion, given that the guys from the Dyatlov group had excellent physical training. But this is a rather modest and correct time, which will not cause any complaints from the reader. Let's add here another 20-30 seconds that the guys could spend in order to get out of the tent through two cuts. Based on these conditional assumptions, we can calculate that the entire journey from the tent to the cedar took approximately six and a half minutes.

Comparison with Sasovsky explosion.

In order to make our story about the events that took place in the vicinity of Mount Holatchakhl more objective and clear, we will try to find a more or less intelligible analogy for the explosion that killed the Dyatlov group, and very conditionally compare it with the Sasovsky explosion, about which quite a lot of witness testimony has been preserved.

Space explosion in Sasovo.

To do this, we will have to recall the main parameters of the cosmic explosion on the outskirts of Sasovo, which occurred on April 12, 1991 at 1:34 am. This is how the chronology of Sasov events looks like.

First there was a growing rumble, then the ground shook. High-rise buildings swayed, furniture fell, doors and frames were knocked out, people were thrown from their beds. Sewer manhole covers were torn off in the streets, water pipes were torn underground. Before the disaster, numerous witnesses observed a bright white ball, and half an hour before the explosion, some residents living on the outskirts of the city saw two fireballs in the sky.

Luminous balls were also seen in the village of Chuchkovo, located 30 kilometers from Sasovo. Unusual balloons in the sky were seen by policemen, locomotive drivers, train passengers, school cadets civil aviation, railroad workers, fishermen and bystanders. Residents of the city heard the explosion and saw a pillar of fire, five kilometers high, on the site of which a funnel with a diameter of 28 meters was formed.

Scheme of the explosion in Sasovo.

The shock wave broke windows and opened doors even in the village of Igoshino, located 50 kilometers from Sasov. Luckily, only four people were injured in the explosion. For a long time, until the article by A.P. Nevsky about the explosion in Sasovo, (see the article on the site), no one could understand what exploded in Sasovo. Indeed, some destruction created the impression that the blast wave was directed not only from the funnel, but also towards the funnel. For example, 30 tons of fertilizers lay 70 meters from the epicenter of the explosion, paper bags with which were transferred by an unknown force to the very edge of the funnel

Glass and window frames flew out not only inside the houses, but also outside, and electric poles that stood on the field leaned in the direction of the explosion. Alexander Platonovich Nevsky explains these oddities by the phenomenon of levitation.

Two nights after the explosion, the crater glowed as if it was artificially illuminated from the inside, and an increased level of beta radiation was detected in the crater area.

On the night of June 28, 1992, residents of the village of Frolovskoye, located near Sasovo, heard the roar of another space explosion but no damage was recorded. And only a week later, a funnel from a space alien, 4 meters deep and about 12 meters in diameter, was discovered in the corn field of the Novy Put state farm. Uprooted clods of earth scattered for half a kilometer, but the oak trees that grew a dozen and a half meters away were not affected at all.

Let's note the coincidences of the Sasovo space explosion and the space explosion in the vicinity of Mount Kholtsakhl.

It's powerful blast wave spread over many kilometers electric discharge pillar, several kilometers high and radioactive beta radiation found at the site of the explosion. Well, besides , fireballs, which numerous witnesses observed before the explosion.

Well, now let's go back to the events on Mount Holatchakhl.

Footprints in the snow.

Witnesses of the explosion in Sasovo report that the height of the column of the electric discharge explosion over five kilometers and the power of the explosion was estimated by experts from twenty to three hundred tons of TNT. (See the article "The mystery of the explosion in Sasovo"). We will conditionally assume that in our case, the parameters of the explosion were about the same.

Traces of all members of the group are clearly visible throughout five hundred meters and investigators note that there were no falls in this entire stretch, and no one was carrying anyone. Further, the tracks disappear under the snow, which was swept by the blast wave. And this suggests that the first blast overtook the fleeing students only when they ran five hundred meters from the tent.

5. What were the consequences of the impact of the first blast wave on the fleeing group?

If we assume that the blast wave that caught up with the fleeing group of students had a speed of 72 km/h, and the group's running speed was 15-18 km/h, then the total speed of the students falling down the mountain slope was 90 km/h. Is it a lot or a little?

To understand this, let's compare the collision of an object moving at a speed of 90 km / h with a fixed obstacle, or with a free fall from a certain height. It is easy to calculate that hitting an obstacle at a speed of 90 km / h is equivalent to falling from a height of 31 meters, that is, it is like jumping from the roof of a nine-story building. The chances of surviving a collision with an obstacle at this speed are minimal. And for comparison, let's say that the braking distance of a car at a speed of 90 km / h on a dry section of a horizontal road is 60 meters. On a slippery damp road, it increases to 150 meters or more. On this basis, it can be assumed that the blast wave could drag students along the mountainside. at least 150 meters.
Let me remind you that the fall of the students took place on the side of the mountain with a slope of 15-20 degrees and a speed of 90 kilometers per hour, but in the absence of visible obstacles. As a result of this fall, Doroshenko and Krivonischenko died, and Slobodin was diagnosed with a skull fracture. The remaining members of the group escaped with multiple longitudinal abrasions and scratches, as well as bruises of the body of various localization.

But at that moment, none of the members of the group knew that Krivonischenko and Doroshenko had died, and their death was diagnosed not at the place of the fall, but later, by the cedar, by the kindled fire.

At the cedar.

Footprints left in the snow show that the members of the group ran close enough to each other, and this indicates that everyone felt mortal danger, and the instinct of self-preservation forced them to stick together. At the time of the fall, they were already near the forest, and located on the edge of the ravine and towering over the area of ​​​​the cedar, to which the whole group headed, taking both victims with them.

Reconstruction of further events, it seems to me simple. While four men from the group carried the unconscious Krivonischenko and Doroshenko, the other three went ahead, to build a fire in the forest and prepare deadwood and fallen wood for firewood, after all, a quickly made fire was their only chance for salvation. The fire was lit on the leeward side of the cedar, and when the men brought Krivonischenko and Doroshenko to the fire, it had already flared up. Gathering around the fire, they declared the death of Krivonischenko and Doroshenko, and decided to take off the clothes from the dead, and partially use them to warm the rest of the guys, and the rest of the clothes were later found by the search engines on the floor, where they spread them out as seats. Krivonischenko's watch was also removed from the cedar to give it to the relatives of the deceased.

They worked dexterously and quickly, for everyone understood the seriousness of the situation in which they found themselves. After all, hovering over them real danger it is foolish to freeze just one and a half kilometers from the saving tent, in which their food and warm clothes remained. Trying to warm their severely frozen hands and feet as quickly as possible, they thrust them directly into the open flame of a fire, as evidenced by the burnt sleeves of sweaters and trousers. Let's take a break.

In order for a fire from dead wood to flare up well, you need only 10 minutes, I know from my own experience. And it was the time that the guys spent by the fire. Apparently, pieces of film helped them quickly kindle a fire, the torn remnants of a roll of which were found by search engines near the tent. For young Internet users, I will inform you that in 1959, photographic and film film was produced flammable, which allowed us in childhood to use it to kindle fires, and various unsafe pyrotechnic entertainments.

Meeting by the fire next to the cedar.

The students were well aware that, barefoot and half-dressed, they would not be able to hold out for a long time in a twenty-eight degree frost, in a cold wind, even by a fire.

They had only a ghostly chance half-dressed, half-shod and hungry , wait out the time by the fire, bred in a snow pit while others, the more enduring, try to reach the tent to fetch as much food, clothes, and shoes as hastily left there. An ax and at least one metal bucket were also desirable to heat water from the snow. And for a more tolerable and almost "comfortable" overnight stay, it would be nice to have a piece of fabric from the tent to arrange a "chipper" for the fire.

But a place for a snow pit still had to be found, and the pit itself had to be equipped, i.e. cover with spruce branches, on top of which lay the clothes of the dead. In addition, everyone understood that dehydration quickly sets in in the cold, and by nighttime the frost can intensify, and everyone will be tormented by hunger and thirst. So the group split in two. At this point, there were approximately 15 minutes. But none of them knew about it and everyone, until the very last moment, fought for their salvation.

The last fifteen minutes of the life of Kolmogorova, Slobodin and Dyatlov.

Zolotarev, Dubinina, Kolevatov and Thibaut-Brignolles, led by Dyatlov, taking the clothes of the dead with them, went to look for a place for a snow pit and prepare spruce branches. Why with Dyatlov? Because it was he, as the commander of the group, who was obliged to determine and approve a safe place for the snow pit. Kolmogorova remained by the fire, and Slobodin, who received a head injury. A little later, Dyatlov was supposed to catch up with them. But why the choice fell on them? I guess it's because they were all shattered. And the guys assumed that having managed to quickly run to the tent, they would be able to immediately put on shoes, and thereby reduce the time spent in socks on the snow, and avoid serious frostbite. After all, if others were sent to the tent, then the time until the shoes were brought would be doubled for them.

Kolmogorova and Slobodin, gaining warmth from the fire, before throwing themselves into the icy cold, did not stay near him for long. Kolmogorova was the first to leave, having stayed by the fire for about five minutes, then, after a couple of minutes, Slobodin, who had a head injury, left the fire. Calculating the time of their departure, with a known error, is quite simple. Kolmogorova's body was found 850 meters from the tent, that is, 650 meters from the cedar and the fire. It is impossible to run uphill through the snow drift left after the blast wave, you can only go quickly, that is, its speed could presumably be about 3.9 km per hour, and it could overcome 650 meters uphill in ten minutes. Slobodin's body was found 1000 meters from the tent, and 150 meters from Kolmogorova, that is, 2-2.5 minutes from Kolmogorova, provided that they were moving at the same speed. And what was Dyatlov doing at that time? Having determined a place for a snow pit, which was located in a ravine 75 meters northeast of the cedar, and ordered to prepare spruce branches before his return and light a fire near the pit, he left to catch up with Kolmogorov and Slobodin who had gone to the tent. At the same time, he also lingered a little by the fire in order to warm himself and put more firewood into the blazing fire. Dyatlov's body was found 180 meters from Slobodin, that is, he left the fire about three minutes after Slobodin. And he managed to go only 320 meters when the blast wave from the second explosion covered everyone.

And now we have to talk about the last fifteen minutes of life Dubinina, Zolotarev, Kolevatov and Thibault-Brignolles.

The last fifteen minutes of the life of Dubinina, Zolotarev, Kolevatov and Thibault-Brignolles.

After the departure of Dyatlov, Dubinin, Zolotarev, Kolevatov and Thibaut-Brignolles, they split into two groups, one of which began to trample the snow pit, cook firewood and kindle a fire, and the second, prepare spruce branches and carry it to the pit. Lapnik was harvested along the edge of the ravine, not far from the snow pit, and immediately laid in the form of the first layer of flooring. Having laid 15 cut trees (14 fir trees and one birch), parallel to each other in the form of a flooring, and covering the trees with spruce branches on top, they put the things taken from Krivonischenko and Doroshenko at the corners of the flooring, thus designating places to sit. And then, having warmed their hands over the burning fire, they, all together, got out of the ravine and went along its edge to prepare dead wood for the fire, and cut new portions of spruce branches. But they didn't get far. The powerful blast wave of the second explosion threw everyone off the cliff to the very bottom of the ravine. And the whirlwind of snow raised by the blast wave, along the very edges, covered the ravine and their bodies with snow.

And the terrible injuries that the tourists received were due to the fact that the blast wave, which had a speed of at least seventy kilometers per hour, threw them onto the rocky bottom of the ravine. At the same time, each of them flew the distance at least 10-12 meters, and moreover, fell from the edge of the ravine, which had a depth of five meters.

But, allegedly Dubinina's "torn tongue", about which numerous bloggers are still "breaking spears", as I have repeatedly reported, is clearly posthumous in origin. After all, such intravital injuries are accompanied by massive heavy bleeding, including arterial. And in this case, all the clothes and snow around the crash site would be literally covered and soaked in blood, which Internet users stubbornly do not want to pay attention to, defending the right to their fantasies.

However, this is not all the information about the death of the Dyatlov group.

The fact that the flight of the "fireballs" that make up the "pearl string" of the comet, over the course of a month, passed over the same place, forced us to assume that the trajectory of the flying comet almost completely coincided with the axis of rotation of the Earth. And the slow speed of the “fireballs” in the sky indicates that the fragments of the comet were catching up with the Earth in its orbit, and did not fly towards it. My assumptions are also consistent with the conclusion of the investigation that the cause of the death of the Dyatlov group was the elemental force emanating from the fireballs, which the students were not able to overcome.

The absolute certainty that the cause of the death of the Dyatlov group was a cosmic explosion made me turn to for help to the archive of the Yekaterinburg seismic station. Such archives have no restrictions on the storage period, and that is why the seismograms of the Tunguska explosion have come down to us. And I was convinced that the answer from the archive of the Sverdlovsk seismic station would allow us to accurately determine the time of the space catastrophe and the death of the students of the Dyatlov group and clarify the circumstances of the death of the students. After a long search for the location of the archive of the Sverdlovsk seismic station, we sent our request there, and soon received a response. And in order to show that it was the explosion in the area of ​​Mount Kholatchakhl that was recorded on these seismograms, we publish this information along with a seismogram and an explanatory note.

Chapter 4

Response and seismogram from the archive of the Sverdlovsk seismic station

Through extremely long searches on the Internet, the administrator of our site still managed to find traces of the archive of the Sverdlovsk seismic station, and on March 19, 2013, we sent a request there, in which the archive staff was asked a single question: Were any explosions recorded on the seismograms of the Sverdlovsk seismic station on February 1 and 2, 1959?

Here is the verbatim answer we received:

Dear Mikhail Dmitrievich!

In response to your request dated March 19, 2013, I inform you that the specialists of the Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences analyzed the seismograms of the Sverdlovsk seismic station (SVE) for February 1 and 2, 1959. At that time, 2 types of seismometers were installed at the station: Golitsyn (SG, long-period) and Kharin (SH, short-period). Seismograms for analysis were selected taking into account the difference between local time and Greenwich Mean Time, which is used in seismology (for Sverdlovsk, the difference was +5 hours).

No records of seismic events were found on the seismograms of the SG device from 00:00 on February 1 to 24:00 on February 2, 1959 (Greenwich Mean Time). .

When analyzing the seismograms of the CX (EW) device on February 2, 1959 in 04 o'clock 07 min. 54 sec. GMT (09:07:54 local time) a record of a seismic event was noted, expressed in a train of oscillations with a period of the maximum phase T = 1.8 sec.

According to our interpretation these fluctuations are the beginning of the recording of a remote deep earthquake that occurred February 2, 1959 in the Banda Sea region (Indonesia). The seismological bulletin of the USGS (National Earthquake Information Center, U.S.A) published a solution for this earthquake. The epicentral distance from the Sverdlovsk station is =82° (more than 9100 km), and the focal depth is 150 km. On the seismogram, three distinct phases from the indicated earthquake are distinguished - longitudinal wave P at 04:07:54, deep phase sP at 04:08:54, double reflected from the core PP at 04:11:14.

Time of occurrence (hour, min, sec), focus depth	Coordinates epicenter
0=03:56:12 h=150 km	6.5°S 126°E	Tp= 04:08:16

Records of other seismic events were not found on the seismograms of the SH for February 1–2, 1959.

An electronic copy of the scanned seismogram of the SH instrument for February 1-2, 1959 is attached.

It should be noted that the Sverdlovsk station is 550 km away from the Kholat-Syakhyl mountain.

Director of the GS RAS

Corresponding Member of the RAS A.A. Malovichko

Use L.S. Chepkunas

This answer was accompanied by a seismogram of the explosion itself:

click on the seismogram to enlarge the image

That is, this answer provides objective evidence of the fact of an explosion of unknown etiology and a subjective human interpretation of this explosion.

Meanwhile, the received answer, in my opinion, is objective and impeccable proof of the fact of a cosmic explosion on Mount Holat Syakhil. But this requires a little further explanation.

On the time of the cosmic explosion on the seismogram of the Sverdlovsk seismic station.

Focusing on the astronomical time of the explosion recorded on the seismogram, we can confidently assert that this seismogram shows air space explosion over Mount Holat Syahyl.

Here is the necessary calculation.

Air shock waves over long distances propagate at an average speed slightly above the speed of sound (approximately 340 m/s). The distance from the seismic station "Sverdlovsk" to Mount Kholat-Syakhyl, reported to us by corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences A.A. Malovichko in the sent answer is 550 km.

An explosion was recorded on the seismogram of the Sverdlovsk seismic station at 9 o'clock. 07 min. 54 sec. by local time. That is, the explosion over Mount Holat Syahyl occurred 27 minutes earlier, at approximately 8:41 a.m., February 2, 1959, by local time(9 hours 07 minutes 54 seconds - 27 minutes = 8 o'clock 41 min.).

Go ahead. During electric discharge explosions, according to the theory of A.P. Nevsky, exists three well-defined air shock waves. Let's just purely hypothetically, identify them by the time indicated on the seismogram, like air shock waves formed over Mount Holat Syahyl.

1. Ballistic air shock wave, which always accompanies the fall in the atmosphere of a meteorite flying at cosmic speed 9 hours 07 minutes 54 seconds. - 27 min. = 8 o'clock 41 min.

2. Explosive destruction of a meteorite (flash explosion) in the air, which is accompanied by air shock wave. 9 o'clock 08 min. 54 sec. - 27 min. = 8 o'clock 42 min .

3. Cylindrical air shock wave the formed pillar of the electric discharge explosion. (9 hours 11 minutes 14 seconds - 27 minutes = 8 o'clock 44 min. 14 sec.

That is, on the seismogram of the Sverdlovsk seismic station, not deep seismic waves, which are not formed at all during cosmic air explosions, A V air shock waves of a cosmic explosion over Mount Kholat Syahyl.

To verify this, we need to restore the chronology of events in the area of ​​Mount Kholat Syakhyl, according to the stopped clock, which was left in the hands of the dead students of the Dyatlov group.

About the group hours.

There were four hours in the Dyatlov group. According to the investigation, Dyatlov's watch, at the time of the stop, showed 5 hours 31 minutes, Krivonischenko's watch stopped at 8 hours 14 minutes , at Slobodin the clock showed 8 hours 45 minutes, and the clock of Thibault-Brignolles stopped at 8 hours 39 minutes.

In the light of the foregoing, it is easy to understand that the Dyatlov clock stopped spontaneously, after the spring resource was exhausted.

The clock of Krivonischenko, who died on the slope from the first cosmic explosion of small power, not recorded by the weakly powerful seismographs of the Sverdlovsk seismic station at 8:14, gave us the opportunity to determine the time of the beginning of the tragedy.

And Slobodin's watch ( 8 hours 45 minutes) and Thibault Brignoles ( 8 hours 39 minutes), stopped near the astronomical time of the fall of the group under the influence of a cylindrical shock wave of a more powerful second cosmic explosion. (8 hours 44 minutes 14 seconds).

A slight discrepancy between the time on the students' watches and the astronomical time recorded by the seismographs of the Sverdlovsk seismic station can be easily explained by the error of the clock.

About clock accuracy.

The Dyatlov group left Sverdlovsk on January 23 and on the night of January 25 the guys arrived in Ivdel. This was the last settlement where the guys could check the clock based on the radio signal.. January 26 students left Ivdel, and further until the very moment of the space catastrophe on the morning of February 2, within seven and a half days they didn't have a chance to check their watch.

According to the passport, the factory warranty accuracy of the mass-produced wristwatches of that time was plus or minus 45 seconds a day, but in real operating conditions, for mechanical wristwatches, the average daily error was usually plus minus one - one and a half minutes, and much less often, it could be less than plus - minus 30 seconds. (Young readers can easily verify this statement by asking their grandparents.)

That is, the total clock error accumulated over seven and a half days, on average, could be (45 sec x 7.5 days = plus or minus 337 sec (5.5 min), and the real one could be twice as much ( plus - minus 11 minutes).

A simple calculation shows that the astronomical time of the cosmic catastrophe almost coincides with the time on the stopped clocks of Slobodin and Thibault-Brignolles. And a slight discrepancy (+46 seconds for Slobodin's watches, and - 4 minutes 46 seconds for Thibault-Brignolle's watches) is due to the error of the watch, usual for wrist mechanical watches of that time.

My conclusion is logical and quite obvious. The seismogram of the Sverdlovsk seismic station recorded the time of a cosmic explosion over Mount Holat Syahyl, and the interpretation of this airborne cosmic explosion by the employees of the seismic station as an earthquake in Indonesia turned out to be thoughtlessly written off from the American seismological bulletin, only so that this explosion would not turn out to be “nameless”.

Otherwise, we will have to answer a completely inexplicable question. Why did the seismogram “not record” the explosion over the Kholat Syakhyl mountain, which is located only 550 km from the Sverdlovsk seismic station, and confidently recorded "remote deep earthquake", which occurred at a distance of more than 9100 kilometers, simultaneously with the explosion over Kholat Syahyl? What other evidence is required to confirm the cosmic explosion that occurred over Mount Kholat Syahyl? Is it possible that in this case, the supporters of Rakitin's version will argue that the cunning "American Spies" deliberately summed up the clocks of the students they killed in order to combine their readings with the clocks of the Sverdlovsk seismic station, and thus mislead us?

Chapter 5. About the reason for my request to the Sverdlovsk seismic station archive.

Even at the stage of acquaintance with the circumstances of the case of the death of the Dyatlov group in 2010, I drew attention to some inconsistencies between the materials of the investigation and the facts that I managed to discover.

Firstly, I drew attention to the selective burn of trees located at the edge of the forest, which is a feature and a distinctive feature inherent in only electric discharge space explosions. No other known radiant burn explosions form.

In addition, the analysis of the incident showed that space air burst was powerful enough, and, moreover, quite clearly the impact of two blast waves on the dead group was traced. The bodies of students with severe injuries found under a 4.5-meter layer of snow, and the conclusion of a forensic expert that these injuries could only be received from exposure to a powerful air blast wave, as well as the allegations of prosecutor Ivanov, What "the death of students came from the influence of elemental force, which they were unable to overcome", gave reason to believe that we can only talk about cosmic explosions.

And the periodic appearance of fireballs over the same area for two months indicated that we are talking about a “pearl string” of a small comet, the direction of flight of which coincided with the rotation of the Earth.

And the only known, albeit very approximate analogue of such explosions, was Sasovo space explosion, the scientific analysis of which was given by Alexander Platonovich Nevsky. Therefore, I quite consciously used the parameters of this explosion in my article to explain the concept of the events that took place on Mount Holat Syahyl.

Secondly, I noticed on the surprisingly "sighted" behavior of group members, indicating that the space accident happened during daylight hours. But I could not find any absolute evidence of this in the materials of the investigation, except for a number of indirect ones. Therefore, initially, despite my doubts, I had to focus on the assumption of the investigation that the death of the tour group occurred on the evening of February 1, especially since this version was supported by absolutely all authors of books and articles and all Internet users. And I just noted that “until the last minute, all the actions of the members of the Dyatlov group were meaningful and logical» . Somewhat later, analyzing additional facts, I again drew attention to the fact that they do not coincide with the version of the evening explosion. Moreover, circumstantial evidence unequivocally testified that the explosion took place on the morning of February 2, when the students woke up but had not yet had time to get dressed. And I was forced write carefully, What "After analyzing all information available to me, I did not find a single fact that would unequivocally testified that the explosion occurred on the evening of February 1, as suggested by the investigation,(on which I also relied ), and not on the morning of February 2. In addition, the version that the tragedy could have happened on the morning of February 2, V in the light of new facts may turn out to be more consistent».

And sending your request to the archive of the Sverdlovsk seismic station, I was almost convinced that the explosion happened on the morning of the second of February, and not the first evening, and therefore my request was made not only on the first, but also on the second of February. And the hidden logic of the question was that the cosmic explosion over Mount Kholat Syakhil, according to my assumption, must have coincided in time with the time recorded on the stopped clock of the guys.

And the only objective and irrefutable evidence of the time of the explosion that occurred over Mount Kholat Syahyl could only be a seismogram of this explosion. And when I sent the request, I understood very well that only the time of the explosion can be objective on the seismogram, and the explosion itself can be interpreted in any way: both as an industrial, and as a military, and as a technical, and as a nuclear ... that it is being interpreted as an earthquake in the region of Indonesia.

Let me explain. In principle, modern seismographs make it possible to determine the epicenter of an explosion and, by comparing the readings of several seismographs, at one station. In this case, the most correct amplitude (displacement) of oscillations can be recorded only by the seismograph whose pendulum oscillations coincide with the direction of the seismic beam. Indeed, when recording waves from other directions, “the amplitude of their oscillations will be the smaller, the larger the angle A between the direction of the beam and the swing of the pendulum. This angle is determined by the formula: tg α \u003d X2 / X1, in which X1 and X2 are the amplitudes of the oscillations of longitudinal waves recorded by two mutually perpendicularly located seismographs ".

That is, it is possible to determine the direction of the seismic ray of the longitudinal wave, and by setting aside the epicentral distance on it, determine the place of the explosion. However, we must make one small clarification. Even one seismic station can really show the direction of the seismic beam, but to clarify the location of the explosion from the seismic station in the direction (0 -180 degrees) a second seismic station is required.

And looking ahead a little, I must say that the sensitivity of the 1959 seismographs available at the Sverdlovsk seismic station did not allow recording ultra-small earthquakes located at a distance of 9100 kilometers at all.

Fortunately, we have a great opportunity to clarify the date and time of the explosion and according to testimony.

The date of the death of the group according to the testimony of Luda Dubinina's father.

Now we have to clarify whether the astronomical time of the cosmic explosion over Mount Kholat Syakhyl, accurately recorded on the seismogram of the Sverdlovsk seismic station, corresponds to the testimony of witnesses given by them in 1959?

The materials of the investigation contain a copy of the interrogation of the father of Lyudmila Dubinina, carried out in March 1959, “... I heard the conversations of students of the Ural Polytechnic University (UPI) that the flight of undressed people from the tent was caused by an explosion and large radiation ..., and the statement of by the administrative department of the regional committee of the CPSU comrade Yermash, made to the sister of the deceased comrade Kolevatova, that the remaining 4 people, not found now, could live after the death of those found no more than 2 hours, makes us think that the forced, sudden flight from the tent was due to an explosion projectile and radiation near mountain 1079, the “stuffing” of which forced ... to run further from it and, presumably, affected the life of people, in particular, vision.

The light of a projectile was seen on February 2 at about seven o'clock in the morning in the city of Serov... I am surprised why the tourist routes from the city of Ivdel were not closed. .. If the projectile deviated and did not hit the planned range, in my opinion, the department that fired this projectile should send aerial reconnaissance to the place of its fall and rupture to find out what it could have done there. ...If aerial reconnaissance was done, then it can be assumed that she picked up the other four people. I have not shared my personal opinion with anyone, deeming it undisclosed."

Lyudmila Dubinina's father at that time was a member of the CPSU and a responsible employee of the Sverdlovsk Economic Council, that is, he unconditionally obeyed the strict rules of party discipline that existed at that time, and therefore his testimony cannot be unreliable. And he is the first and only of the witnesses who rightly and reasonably linked the outbreak of an explosion over Mount Kholat Syakhil, on the morning of February 2, with the death of students. And, it must be assumed that in the provincial Serov, located at a distance of 200-250 kilometers from Mount Kholat Syahyl, this outbreak was seen by many residents, that is, the outbreak of the explosion was extremely powerful.

And we have the right to draw the only correct conclusion that the seismogram absolutely accurately recorded the astronomical time of the cosmic electric discharge explosion just above Mount Kholat Syakhil, which occurred at 8:41 am, on the morning of February 2, 1959.

It follows from this that the assumption of the investigation that the tragedy on Mount Kholat Syahyl occurred on the evening of February 1, or on the night of 1 to 2 February, is false.

Accordingly, the assumption of academic scientists that an earthquake was recorded on the seismogram in the Banda Sea region in Indonesia is also is the biggest mistake.

Therefore, the reasoning absolutely all authors, relying in their versions on the fact that the tragedy occurred at night, are unfounded. And, unfortunately, we will have to admit that they are all just the fruit of logical constructions, based on an initially false fact.

Date of death of the group according to Axelrod.

In Nikolai Rundkvist's book "100 Days in the Urals" there is a quote from Axelrod:
“Yes, no doubt, it is their tent that stands on the gloomy slope of Solat-Syakhla. I myself took part in its sewing in the 56th. Under the tent neatly, without haste, skis are laid. The date of the death of the guys was set elementarily simply. In the far corner of the tent was a diary with the date of the last entry - February 2 1959. That is, the tourists just started the route. In the valley of Auspiya, they built a storehouse - laying food and equipment that is unnecessary above the border of the forest.

http://russia-paranormal.org/index.php/topic,4404.0.html#sthash.DDfBfTGt.dpuf (Russia Paranormal Forum)

Of course, we can assume that this date was meticulously put down by the students of the Dyatlov group immediately after 00.00. nights, but usually it is customary to set the date of the new day in the morning, after waking up. However, for our study this is not fundamental, because the death of the group, according to the stopped clock, could occur only in period from 20 to 21 pm February 1, or from 8 to 9 am on the second of February.

That is, in this case, we have an impeccable written evidence of the Dyatlovites themselves, that on the morning of February 2, after waking up, the students were still alive. And the seismogram of the Sverdlovsk seismic station perfectly accurately recorded the astronomical time of the death of the Dyatlov group. And the feeling that the flash of this explosion was seen on the morning of February 2 in Serov, makes it quite reasonable to assume that the brightness of the flash was comparable to the flash of a nuclear explosion.

Chapter 6

Investigator L. Ivanov wrote in one of his articles that he had to remove from the case file everything that indicated a "fireball" or a UFO, and further: "When E.P. Maslennikov and I were examining the scene in May, we found , What “Some young fir-trees on the border of the forest have a burnt mark, but these marks were not of a concentric shape or other system. There was no epicenter. This once again confirmed the direction of a kind of thermal ray or a strong, but completely unknown - at least to us - energy that acts selectively. " Let's try to determine the epicenter of this outbreak.

Location of the first explosion.

On the Internet, I noticed one message: "South of the Mountain (Kholat Syakhil ) already modern tourists stumbled into several deep craters "obviously from missiles". With great difficulty in the remote taiga, we found two of them and explored as best we could. Under the rocket explosion of the 59th, they obviously did not pull, in the funnel birch grew age 55 (counted by rings), that is, the explosion thundered in the remote taiga rear no later than 1944. Remembering what year it was, one could write it off as bombing drills or something like that, but... funnel, we made an unpleasant discovery using a radiometer, strong background».

I will discuss the causes of radiation at the site of the explosion below, in a separate article, but for now we will give one more message.

According to Novokreshchenov G.V., after the death of the Dyatlov group, the traces of numerous craters on the slope of Mount Kholat Syakhyl, opposite from the location of the tent, were seen by the prosecutor of the Ivdel region Vasily Ivanovich Tempalov, who took part in a helicopter flight over this area. Later, regarding these funnels, he said: "What can I say, there the rockets fell, all around funnels I'm an artilleryman."

The death of the Dyatlov tourist group is one of the most mysterious and terrible incidents of the 20th century, which happened on the night of February 1-2, 1959 in the Northern Urals, when a group of tourists led by Igor Dyatlov died under unclear circumstances. Here and below are photos taken by the participants of the hike:

At the moment when, having set up a tent on the slope of Mount Kholatchakhl (translated from Mansi - “Mountain of the Dead”), the tourists were getting ready for bed, something happened that made them leave the shelter in a panic, starting down the slope. All were later found dead, presumably from the cold. Several people had severe internal injuries, as if they had fallen from a height or been hit by a car at speed (no significant skin damage was found).

The group consisted of skiers from the tourist club of the Ural Polytechnic Institute (UPI, Sverdlovsk): five students, three engineers graduates of the UPI and an instructor of the hostel, veteran Semyon Zolotarev. The group leader was a 5th year student of UPI, an experienced tourist Igor Dyatlov. The other members of the group were also not beginners in sports tourism, having experience in difficult hikes.

One of the participants in the campaign, Yuri Yudin, dropped out of the group due to sciatica when entering the active part of the route, due to which the only one from the whole group survived. He was the first to identify the personal belongings of the dead, and he also identified the bodies of Slobodin and Dyatlov. In the 1990s, he was deputy head of Solikamsk for economics and forecasting, chairman of the Polyus city tourist club. Lyudmila Dubinina says goodbye to Yudin. On the left, Igor Dyatlov with bamboo ski poles (there were no metal ones then).

The first days of the hike along the active part of the route passed without any serious incidents. Tourists advanced on skis along the Lozva River, and then along its tributary Auspiya. On February 1, 1959, the group stopped for the night on the slope of Mount Kholatchakhl (Kholat-Syakhl, translated from Mansi - "Mountain of the Dead") or peak "1079" (on later maps its height is given as 1096.7 m), not far from nameless pass (later called the Dyatlov Pass).

The first days of the hike along the active part of the route passed without any serious incidents. Tourists advanced on skis along the Lozva River, and then along its tributary Auspiya. On February 1, 1959, the group stopped for the night on the slope of Mount Kholatchakhl or peak "1079" (on later maps its height is given as 1096.7 m), not far from the nameless pass (later called the Dyatlov Pass).

On February 12, the group was supposed to reach the end point of the route - the village of Vizhay, send a telegram to the institute's sports club, and return to Sverdlovsk on February 15. The first to express concern was Yuri Blinov, the head of the UPI tourist group, which drove up with the Dyatlov group from Sverdlovsk to the village of Vizhay and left from there to the west - to the Prayer Stone ridge and Mount Isherim (1331). Also, Sasha Kolevatov's sister Rimma, Dubinina and Slobodin's parents began to worry about the fate of their relatives. The head of the UPI sports club, Lev Semenovich Gordo, and the department of physical education of the UPI, A. M. Vishnevsky, were waiting for the group to return for another day or two, since earlier there had been delays on the route for various reasons. On February 16-17, they contacted Vizhay, trying to establish whether the group was returning from the campaign. The answer was no.

Search and rescue operations began on February 22, a detachment was sent along the route. Around for hundreds of kilometers there is not a single locality, completely deserted places. On February 26, a tent covered with snow was found on the slope of Mount Kholatchakhl. The wall of the tent facing down the slope was cut. The tent was later dug up and examined. The entrance to the tent was opened, but the slope of the tent, facing the slope, was torn in several places. A fur coat stuck out in one of the holes. Moreover, as the examination showed, the tent was cut from the inside.

At the entrance inside the tent lay a stove, buckets, a little further cameras. In the far corner of the tent - a bag with maps and documents, Dyatlov's camera, Kolmogorova's diary, a bank of money. To the right of the entrance lay the products. To the right, next to the entrance, lay two pairs of boots. The remaining six pairs of shoes lay against the wall opposite. Backpacks are spread out at the bottom, they are wearing padded jackets and blankets. Part of the blankets are not spread out, warm clothes are on top of the blankets. An ice ax was found near the entrance, and a flashlight was thrown on the slope of the tent. The tent was completely empty, there were no people in it.

During the trip, the group members took pictures with several cameras, and also kept diaries. Neither photographs nor diaries, by the way, helped to establish the exact cause of the death of tourists.

Further, the search engines began to open a continuous series of terrible and cruel mysteries. Traces around the tent indicated that the entire Dyatlov group suddenly left the tent for some unknown reason, and presumably not through the exit, but through the cuts. Moreover, people ran out of the tent into the bitter cold without shoes and partially dressed. The group ran about 20 meters away from the entrance to the tent. Then the Dyatlovites in a tight group, almost a line, in socks through the snow and frost went down the slope. The tracks indicate that they walked side by side without losing sight of each other. Moreover, they did not run away, namely, with the usual step, they retreated down the slope.

After about 500 meters down the slope, the tracks were lost under a layer of snow. The next day, February 27, one and a half kilometers from the tent and 280 m down the slope, near the cedar, the bodies of Yuri Doroshenko and Yuri Krivonischenko were found. At the same time, it was recorded: Doroshenko had a burnt foot and hair on his right temple, Krivonischenko had a burn on his left leg and a burn on his left foot. Near the corpses, a fire was found, which had sunk into the snow.

Rescuers were struck by the fact that both bodies were stripped down to their underwear. Doroshenko was lying on his stomach. Beneath him is a broken branch of a tree, on which, apparently, he fell. Krivonischenko was lying on his back. All sorts of small things were scattered around the bodies. There were numerous injuries on the hands (bruises and abrasions), the internal organs were full of blood, Krivonischenko was missing the tip of his nose.

On the cedar itself, at a height of up to 5 meters, branches were broken off (some of them lay around the bodies). Moreover, branches up to 5 cm thick, at a height, were first filed with a knife, and then broken off with force, as if hanging on them with their whole body. There were traces of blood on the bark.

Nearby, cuts with a knife with broken young firs and cuts on birch trees were found. Cut tops of firs and a knife were not found. At the same time, there were no assumptions that they were used for a firebox. Firstly, they do not burn well, and secondly, there was a relatively large amount of dry material around. Almost simultaneously with them, 300 meters from the cedar up the slope in the direction of the tent, the body of Igor Dyatlov was found.

He was slightly covered with snow, reclining on his back, with his head towards the tent, his arm around the trunk of a birch. Dyatlov was wearing ski trousers, underpants, a sweater, a cowboy shirt, and a fur sleeveless jacket. On the right leg - a woolen sock, on the left - a cotton sock. The clock on my hand showed 5 hours and 31 minutes. There was an icy growth on his face, which meant that before he died, he breathed into the snow.

Numerous abrasions, scratches, deposits were revealed on the body; a superficial wound from the second to the fifth fingers was recorded on the palm of the left hand; internal organs are filled with blood. Approximately 330 meters from Dyatlov, up the slope under a layer of dense snow 10 cm, the body of Zina Kolmogorova was found.

She was warmly dressed, but without shoes. His face showed signs of nosebleeds. There are numerous abrasions on the hands and palms; a wound with a scalped skin flap on the right hand; encircling the right side, passing to the back of the skin; swelling of the meninges.

A few days later, on March 5, 180 meters from the place where Dyatlov's body was found and 150 meters from the location of Kolmogorova's body, the body of Rustem Slobodin was found under a layer of snow of 15-20 cm. He was also quite warmly dressed, while on his right leg he had a felt boot worn over 4 pairs of socks (the second felt boot was found in the tent). On the left hand of Slobodin, a watch was found that showed 8 hours 45 minutes. There was an ice build-up on his face and there were signs of nosebleeds. A characteristic feature of the last three found tourists was skin color: according to the recollections of rescuers - orange-red, in the documents of the forensic medical examination - reddish-crimson.

The search for the remaining tourists took place in several stages from February to May. And only after the snow began to melt, objects began to be discovered that indicated to the rescuers right direction wanted. The exposed branches and scraps of clothes led to the hollow of the stream about 70 m from the cedar, which was heavily covered with snow.

A large tent of the Dyatlov group, sewn from several small ones. Inside was a portable stove designed by Dyatlov.

The excavation made it possible to find at a depth of more than 2.5 m a flooring of 14 trunks of small firs and one birch up to 2 m long. On the flooring lay a spruce branch and several items of clothing. According to the position of these objects on the flooring, four spots were exposed, made as "seats" for four people. The bodies were found under a four-meter layer of snow, in the bed of a stream that had already begun to melt, below and slightly away from the flooring. First they found Lyudmila Dubinina - she froze, kneeling, facing the slope at the waterfall of the stream.

Mansi "runes". The traditional system of Mansi individual "marking". The signs are called "tamgi" ("tamga" in singular). Each Mansi has his own personal tamga. It is like a generic business card, a signature that is left in some memorable places - usually hunting or camping places. Let's say a hunter got an elk, butchered it and left it to take it out later. He makes a stes and marks it with his tamga.

The other three were found a little lower. Kolevatov and Zolotarev lay in an embrace "chest to back" at the edge of the stream, apparently warming each other to the end. Thibaut-Brignolles was the lowest, in the water of the stream. Krivonischenko and Doroshenko's clothes - trousers, sweaters - were found on the corpses, as well as a few meters from them. All clothes had traces of even cuts, as they had already been removed from the corpses of Krivonischenko and Doroshenko. The dead Thibault-Brignolles and Zolotarev were found well-dressed, Dubinina was worse dressed - her faux fur jacket and cap ended up on Zolotarev, Dubinina's unboiled leg was wrapped in Krivonischenko's woolen trousers. Krivonischenko's knife was found near the corpses, with which young firs were cut near the fires. Two watches were found on Thibault-Brignolle's hand - one showed 8 hours 14 minutes, the second - 8 hours 39 minutes.

At the same time, all the bodies had terrible injuries received in their lifetime. Dubinina and Zolotarev had fractures of 12 ribs, Dubinina - both on the right and on the left side, Zolotarev - only on the right. Later, the examination determined that such injuries can only be received from a strong blow, like hitting a car moving at high speed or falling from high altitude. It is impossible to inflict such injuries with a stone in a person’s hand. In addition, Dubinina and Zolotarev do not have eyeballs - they are squeezed out or removed. And Dubinina's tongue and part of her upper lip were torn out. Thibaut-Brignolles has a depressed fracture of the temporal bone. Very strange, but during the examination it was found that the clothes (sweater, trousers) contain applied radioactive substances with beta radiation.

According to experts, the start of climbing the mountain in bad weather was Dyatlov's mistake, which may have caused the tragedy.

One of the last photos. Tourists are clearing a place for a tent on a mountainside.

The last and most mysterious photo. Some believe that this shot was taken by someone from the Dyatlov group when the danger began to approach. According to others, this shot was taken while the film was being removed from the camera for processing.

Here is a schematic picture of a hypothetical incident and the recovered bodies. Most of the group's bodies were found in the head-to-tent position, and all were located in a straight line from the cut side of the tent, for over 1.5 kilometers. Kolmogorova, Slobodin and Dyatlov did not die while leaving the tent, but on the contrary, on the way back to the tent.

The whole picture of the tragedy points to numerous mysteries and oddities in the behavior of the Dyatlovites, most of which are practically inexplicable.

- Why did they not run away from the tent, but retreated in a line, with the usual step?

“Why did they need to kindle a fire near a tall cedar in a windswept area?”

Why did they break cedar branches at a height of up to 5 meters when there were many small trees around for a fire?

“How could they get such terrible injuries on level ground?”

“Why didn’t those who reached the stream and built sun loungers there survive, because even in the cold it was possible to hold out until the morning?”

- And finally, the most important thing - what made the group leave the tent at the same time and in such a hurry with practically no clothes, no shoes and no equipment?

The tent discovered by the search group:

Initially, the local population of the northern Urals, the Mansi, was suspected of the murder. Mansi Anyamov, Sanbindalov, Kurikov and their relatives fell under suspicion. But none of them took the blame. They were more afraid of themselves. Mansi said that they saw strange "fireballs" over the place of death of tourists. They not only described this phenomenon, but also drew it. In the future, the drawings from the case disappeared or are still classified. "Fireballs" during the search period were observed by the rescuers themselves, as well as other residents of the Northern Urals.

And on March 31, a very remarkable event occurred: all members of the search group who were in the camp in the Lozva valley saw a UFO. Valentin Yakimenko, a participant in those events, in his memoirs very succinctly described what happened: “It was still dark early in the morning. The orderly Viktor Meshcheryakov left the tent and saw a luminous ball moving across the sky. Woke everyone up. For 20 minutes we watched the movement of the ball (or disk) until it disappeared behind the mountainside. We saw him in the southeast of the tent. He moved in a northerly direction. This phenomenon shocked everyone. We were sure that the death of the Dyatlovites had something to do with him.” What they saw was reported to headquarters. search operation located in Ivdel. The appearance of a UFO in the case gave the investigation an unexpected direction. Someone remembered that "fireballs" were observed approximately in the same area on February 17, 1959, which was even published in the newspaper "Tagil Worker". And the investigation, resolutely rejecting the version of "malicious Mansi killers", began to work in a new direction. Well-preserved traces of the Dyatlovites:

The Mansi legends say that during the time of the global flood on Mount Kholat-Syakhyl, 9 hunters disappeared earlier - they “died of hunger”, “boiled in boiling water”, “disappeared in a terrible radiance”. Hence the name of this mountain - Kholatchakhl, in translation - the Mountain of the Dead. The mountain is not a sacred place for the Mansi, rather the opposite - they always bypassed this peak. The discovery of a storage shed made by the Dyatlovites with supplies that they left here so as not to drag excess cargo up the mountain. One of the strange circumstances of the case is that, fleeing from an unknown danger, the tourists did not go to the storehouse, where there was food and warm clothes, but in the other direction, as if something was blocking the path to the storehouse.

There are many versions of what happened, which can be divided into 4 groups: natural (an avalanche descended on the tent, the tent collapsed under the weight of the attacking snow, the snow that attacked the tent made breathing difficult for tourists, which forced them to leave the tent, etc., the impact of infrasound formed in the mountains , ball lightning, this also includes versions with attacks by wild animals and accidental poisoning), criminal (attacks by Mansi, fugitive convicts, special services, military, foreign saboteurs, illegal gold miners, as well as a quarrel between tourists) and man-made (testing of secret weapons (for example , vacuum bomb), hitting a tent with snowmobiles or other equipment, etc.) and, finally, fantastic (evil mountain spirits, UFOs, Bigfoot, air electric discharge explosions of comet fragments, toroidal tornado, etc.).

There is a version of A. I. Rakitin, according to which the group included secret KGB officers: Semyon Zolotarev, Alexander Kolevatov and, possibly, Yura Krivonischenko. One of them (Kolevatov or Krivonischenko), posing as an anti-Soviet young man, was “recruited” by foreign intelligence some time before the campaign and agreed, under cover of the campaign, to meet with foreign spies disguised as another tourist group on the route and transfer samples of radioactive materials from his enterprises in the form of clothing items containing radioactive dust (in reality, it was a “controlled delivery” under the supervision of the KGB). However, the spies revealed the group's connection with the KGB (possibly when trying to photograph them) or, conversely, they themselves made a mistake that allowed the uninitiated members of the group to suspect that they were not who they claim to be (they used the Russian idiom incorrectly, discovered ignorance of the well-known for the inhabitants of the USSR fact, etc.). Deciding to eliminate the witnesses, the spies forced the tourists to undress in the cold and leave the tent, threatening firearms, but not using it to make the death look natural (according to their calculations, the victims must have inevitably died at night from the cold). The corpse of Igor Dyatlov in socks:

It is worth noting that at all times a lot of tourists died. Mostly from the cold. Thus, the death of a group of tourists in the winter in itself was not something extraordinary. Out of the ordinary it was made by various mysterious circumstances. The peculiarity of the incident lies in the fact that all "realistic" versions (such as the version about an avalanche) rest on these inexplicable nuances and inconsistencies, which suggests that the group encountered something from the category of "unknown". The official version read: “Given the absence of external bodily injuries and signs of a struggle on the corpses, the presence of all the values ​​​​of the group, and also taking into account the conclusion of the forensic medical examination on the causes of death of tourists, it should be considered that the cause of their death was an elemental force, which people overcome were unable to."

The death of the Dyatlovites occurred in the last period of the existence of the old amateur tourism support system, which had the organizational form of commissions under the Sports Committees and the Unions of Sports Societies and Organizations (SSOO) territorial entities. There were tourist sections at enterprises and universities, but these were disparate organizations that interacted poorly with each other. With the growing popularity of tourism, it became obvious that the existing system could not cope with the preparation, provision and support of tourist groups and could not provide a sufficient level of tourism security. In 1959, when the Dyatlov group died, the number of dead tourists did not exceed 50 people per year in the country. Already in the following year, 1960, the number of dead tourists almost doubled. The first reaction of the authorities was an attempt to ban amateur tourism, which was done by a decree of March 17, 1961. But it is impossible to forbid people to voluntarily go on a hike in quite accessible terrain - tourism turned into a “wild” state, when no one controlled the training or equipment of groups, the routes were not coordinated, only friends and relatives followed the deadlines. The effect followed immediately: in 1961, the number of dead tourists exceeded 200 people. Since the groups did not document the composition and route, sometimes there was no information either about the number of missing persons or about where to look for them. The corpse of Dubinina by the stream:

By the Decree of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of July 20, 1962, sports tourism again received official recognition, its structures were transferred to the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions (trade unions), tourism councils were created, commissions under the SSOO were abolished, organizational work to support tourism was largely revised and reformed. The creation of tourist clubs on a territorial basis began, but work in organizations did not weaken, but intensified due to the wide information support that appeared due to the exchange of experience of amateur organizations. This made it possible to overcome the crisis and ensure the functioning of the sports tourism system for several decades. Igor Dyatlov's body:

Special agencies suggested that the relatives of the victims bury them in the village closest to the pass, but they insisted that the bodies be brought home. All children were buried in mass grave at the Mikhailovsky cemetery in Sverdlovsk. The first funeral took place on March 9, 1959 with a large crowd of people. According to eyewitnesses, the faces and skin of the dead guys had a purple-bluish tint. The bodies of four students (Dyatlov, Slobodin, Doroshenko, Kolmogorova) were buried in Sverdlovsk at the Mikhailovsky cemetery. Krivonischenko was buried by his parents at the Ivanovo cemetery in Sverdlovsk. The funeral of tourists found in early May took place on May 12, 1959. Three of them - Dubinina, Kolevatov and Thibault-Brignolles - were buried next to the graves of their group mates at the Mikhailovsky cemetery. Zolotarev was buried at the Ivanovo cemetery, next to the grave of Krivonischenko. All four were buried in closed coffins. In the early 1960s, a memorial plaque with their names and the inscription "There were nine of them" was erected at the place where the tourists died. On the stone remnant on the Dyatlov Pass, an expedition in 1963 installed a memorial plaque in memory of the "Dyatlovites", then in 1989 another memorial plaque was installed there. In the summer of 2012, 3 plates were fixed on the outlier with the image of the pages of the magazine "Ural Pathfinder" with publications about the "Dyatlovites".

Later, a lot of articles and books were written on this topic, several documentaries were shot. In 2011, the British company Future Films took on the screen adaptation of Alan K. Barker's book "Dyatlov Pass" in the style of a "horror film", in February 2013 Renny Harlin's film "The Mystery of Dyatlov Pass" was released. Dyatlov Pass today:

(function(w, d, n, s, t) ( w[n] = w[n] || ; w[n].push(function() ( Ya.Context.AdvManager.render(( blockId: "R-A -347583-2", renderTo: "yandex_rtb_R-A-347583-2", async: true )); )); t = d.getElementsByTagName("script"); s = d.createElement("script"); s .type = "text/javascript"; s.src = "//an.yandex.ru/system/context.js"; s.async = true; t.parentNode.insertBefore(s, t); ))(this , this.document, "yandexContextAsyncCallbacks");

Many people in Russia, the USSR and far abroad heard about the tragic death on February 2, 1959 of nine students-tourists of the Ural Polytechnic Institute (UPI) in the northern Urals.

In the media over the past time, many articles have been published on this topic, there have been many reports and discussions on television. In the US, Hollywood was even going to make a feature film.

Pictured are students dead group tourists (from left to right) bottom row: Slobodin R.S. , Kolmogorova Z.A., I.A. Dyatlov I.A., Dubinina L.A. Doroshenko Yu.A.
Top row: Thibault-Brignolles N.V., Kolevatov A.S., Krivonischenko G.A., Zolotarev A.I.

The event attracted wide public attention due to the fact that the investigation conducted in 1959 by the Sverdlovsk prosecutor's office did not give a clear answer about the causes of death of young people.

In the decision to terminate the criminal case by the prosecutor L.N. Ivanov literally said the following:

“Given the absence of external bodily injuries and signs of a struggle on the corpses, the presence of all the values ​​​​of the group, and also taking into account the conclusion of the forensic medical examination on the causes of death of tourists, it should be considered that the cause of the death of tourists was an elemental force, which the tourists were unable to overcome ."

The uncertainty of the conclusion of the investigation about the "elemental force" gave rise to a lot of fiction, mysticism and fears. Many different versions have been put forward from a UFO attack, Bigfoot to American spies. Over time, additional information appeared in various media sources, which was not attached to the criminal case, and therefore no real reasons were named.

It remains only to supplement the missing "links in the chain" of interconnected events in order to tell about the tragedy that has occurred. Let's leave the details that have already been told and highlight the main thing that was missed.

Start

So, a group of UPI students in the amount of ten people (one fell ill on the way and returned back) on January 26, 1959 left the city of Ivdel, Sverdlovsk region. Passing the villages of Vizhay and Severny, then they set off on their own on skis for a two-week transition to Mount Otorten (1234 m) in the northern Urals. The tourists laid their route along the sledge-deer trail of the hunters of the local northern Mansi people.

Along the way, some students kept their diaries. Their observations are interesting. An entry from the diary of the group leader, fifth-year student Igor Dyatlov:

01/28/59 ... After talking, we crawl into the tent together. A suspended stove radiates heat and divides the tent into two compartments.

01/30/59 “Today is the third cold overnight stay on the bank of the river. Auspii. We start to get involved. The oven is a big deal. Some (Thibaut and Krivonischenko) are thinking of constructing steam heating in a tent. Canopy - hanging sheets are quite justified. Weather: temperature in the morning - 17 ° C, in the afternoon - 13 ° C, in the evening - 26 ° C.

The deer path ended, the thorny path began, then it ended. It was very difficult to cross the virgin soil, the snow was up to 120 cm deep. The forest is gradually thinning, the height is felt, the birches and pines are dwarfed and ugly. It’s impossible to walk along the river - it didn’t freeze, but under the snow there is water and ice, right there on the ski track, we go along the bank again. The day is drawing to a close, and we must look for a place to camp. Here is an overnight stay. The wind is strong from the west, knocking snow off the cedar and pine trees, giving the impression of a snowfall.”

During the hike, the guys took pictures of themselves and their pictures have been preserved. In the photo, the students of the deceased ski group on the way of their route.

01/31/59 “We reached the border of the forest. The wind is from the west, warm and piercing, the wind speed is similar to the air speed when the plane rises. Nast, naked places. You don’t even have to think about the device of the lobaza. About 4 hours. You have to choose accommodation. We go down to the south - in the valley of the river. Auspii. This is probably the snowiest place. The wind is light on snow 1.2-2 m thick. Tired, exhausted, they set about arranging an overnight stay. Firewood is scarce. Sickly raw spruce. The fire was built on logs, reluctance to dig a hole. We dine right in the tent. Warm. It is hard to imagine such comfort somewhere on the ridge, with a piercing howl of the wind, a hundred kilometers from settlements.

Today was a surprisingly good overnight stay, warm and dry, despite the low temperature (-18° -24°). Walking today is especially difficult. The trace is not visible, we often stray from it or go gropingly. Thus, we pass 1.5-2 km per hour.
I'm in great age: nonsense has already weathered, but it’s still far from insanity ... Dyatlov.

On February 1, 1959, at about 17:00 in the evening, the students set up their tent for the last time on the gentle slope of Mount Kholatchakhl (1079 m) below 300 meters from its top.

The guys took pictures of the place where and how they pitched the tent. The evening was cold and windy. The picture shows how skiers on the slope dig deep snow to the ground, being in hoods, and how a strong wind blows snow into the hole.

1.02.59 Battle sheet No. 1 "Evening Otorten" - written by students before going to bed:

“Is it possible to heat nine tourists with one stove and one blanket? A team of radio engineers composed of Comrade. Doroshenko and Kolmogorova set a new world record in the stove assembly competition - 1 hour 02 minutes. 27.4 sec.

The slope of Mount Holatchakhl is 25-30 degrees. Setting up the tent, the guys did not expect the avalanche to come down from the top. The hill was not so steep, and by the beginning of February the crust was strong, which kept a person without skis.

In the diary entries, it is highlighted that they had a collapsible stove, and they stoked it in a tent. The oven was very hot!

When the tent was dug deep into the snow on the mountainside under the “cornice of crust” and the furnace was flooded, the snow around them melted. In the cold, the melted snow froze, turning into a hard edge of ice.

After dinner, taking off their shoes and warm outerwear, the guys went to bed. But in the early morning of February 2, something happened that soon determined their fate ...

Let's get a little off topic

In 1957, in the Arkhangelsk region, just at the latitude of the northern Urals, the (at that time secret) Plesetsk cosmodrome was opened. In February 1959, it was renamed the 3rd Training Artillery Range. From 1957 to 1993, 1372 ballistic missile launches were carried out from here. (This information is from Wikipedia).

Spent stages of ballistic missiles with the remnants of liquid fuel fell, burning over the deserted regions of the northern Urals. Therefore, many residents of those places often noticed burning fires (balls) in the night sky.

The falling, burning stage of the rocket over the mountainside, where the students spent the night, was photographed at night (or early in the morning) (with a diaphragm delay) by the instructor of the group Alexander Zolotarev. This was his last picture.

On the left of the picture, traces from the falling rocket stage are visible, and in the center of the frame there is a light spot from the camera's diaphragm.

Witnesses of the event were other people who were at that time far from the group, who spoke about this during the investigation.

It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that February 2, 1959 was Monday - the beginning of working week(for the military too).

Whether it was a rocket stage with incompletely burned fuel remaining in it, or it was a rocket that deviated from the given flight trajectory, which was automatically blown up, or the falling rocket (stage) was shot down by another rocket, as a training target - it no longer matters that specifically was the source of the explosion.

From the blast wave, the snow on the side of the mountain shuddered and moved down in places. On top of the snow was a heavy layer of snow crust (sometimes called "board"). Nast is thick and hard rather than a board, but an icy, multi-layered “plywood sheet”. So strong that people ran on it without shoes without falling through. This can be seen from the footprints going down the mountain from the tent. A photo of footprints from the mountain and an abandoned tent (below) was taken later around February 26-27, 1959 by members of the search party.

The guys in the tent slept with their heads to the top of the mountain.

The night before, the heat from the stove had melted the edges of the snow around the tent, turning it into solid ice, which hung over them like an "ice ledge" from the side of the mountain. After the explosion, this ice, pressed down from above by a heavy load of crust and snow, fell on the tent and on the heads of the people sleeping in it. Subsequently, a forensic medical examination found broken ribs in two and cracks (6 cm long) in the skull in two more.

One of the tent poles (farthest in the picture) was broken. If the stance broke, then the effort was quite enough to break the bones of people who were not expecting anything, lying relaxed.

The students in the darkness of the tent, of course, could not appreciate the real danger that had arisen. They considered the ice and crust with snow that fell on them to be a general avalanche. Being in a state of shock, for fear of being buried alive under the snow, in a panic they instantly cut the tent from the inside and, being without shoes (in socks only), and without warm outerwear, jumped out and rushed to run from the snow avalanche down the mountainside.

No other danger would have forced the guys to do this. On the contrary, they would hide in a tent from another external threat.

The picture of the tent shows that the entrance to it is littered, and there is snow in the middle.

Having gone down a run for 1.5 km down to the forest, the guys only there were able to soberly assess the situation and the real threat of death - from hypothermia. They had 1-2 hours to live without shoes and outerwear in the cold and in the wind. The air temperature in the early morning of February 2 was about -28°C.

The students kindled a fire under the cedar tree and tried to keep warm. Having figured out that there was no avalanche, the three ran back up the mountain to the tent for warm clothes and shoes, but they no longer had enough strength. On the way up the mountain from fatal hypothermia, all three fell and froze there.

Subsequently, two were found frozen under a cedar near an extinct fire. Four more (three of them with fractures received earlier in the tent), who felt worse from injuries than others, tried to wait for those who had left for clothes, hiding from the cold wind in a ravine. They also froze. This ravine was then covered with snow, and the guys were found later than the others on May 4, 1959.

Radiation was found on the clothes of people covered with snow.

In the USSR, according to the chronology of tests of thermonuclear bombs, in the period from September 30, 1958 to October 25, 1958, 19 explosions were carried out in the atmosphere at the Dry Nose test site of Novaya Zemlya Island in the Arctic Ocean (opposite the Ural Mountains). This radiation fell with snow on the ground in the winter of 1958-1959 (including in the northern Urals).
In the picture below, the location of the discovery of four bodies covered with snow in a ravine.

Returning to the materials of the criminal case

Witness Krivonischenko A.K. showed during the investigation:

“After the burial of my son on March 9, 1959, students, participants in the search for nine tourists, were at my apartment for dinner. Among them were those tourists who, in late January and early February, were hiking in the north, somewhat south of Mount Otorten. There were, apparently, no less than two such groups, at least the participants of two groups said that they observed on February 1, 1959 in the evening a light phenomenon that struck them to the north of the location of these groups: an extremely bright glow of some kind of rocket or projectile .

The glow was constantly strong, so that one of the groups, being already in the tent and preparing to sleep, were alarmed by this glow, went out of the tent and observed this phenomenon. After a while, they heard a sound effect like great thunder from afar.”

Testimony of investigator L.N. Ivanov, who finished the case:

"... a similar ball was seen on the night of the death of the guys, that is, from the first to the second of February, students-tourists of the geofaculty of the pedagogical institute."

Here, for example, is what the father of Lyudmila Dubinina, in those years a responsible worker of the Sverdlovsk Economic Council, said during interrogation in March 1959:

“... I heard the conversations of students of the Ural Polytechnic University (UPI) that the flight of undressed people from the tent was caused by an explosion and high radiation ..., On February 2, at about seven o'clock in the morning, a projectile was seen in the city of Serov ... I wonder why the tourist routes from the city were not closed Ivdel…”

An excerpt from the protocol of interrogation of Slobodin Vladimir Mikhailovich - the father of Rustem Slobodin:

“From him (Chairman of the Ivdel City Council A. I. Delyagin) I first heard that at about the time when a catastrophe happened to the group, some residents (local hunters) observed the appearance of some kind of fireball in the sky. The fact that the fireball was observed by other tourists - students told me E.P. Maslennikov.

Scheme of the location of the tent on the mountainside and the discovered bodies of tourists.

The individual features of the damage to the bodies of some of the victims do not change the overall picture of what happened. The damage only served as false conjectures.

For example, the hardened foam from the mouth of one is due to vomiting, which was caused by inhalation of vapors (or carbon monoxide from rocket fuel) dispersed in the air above the mountain. Also from this is the unusually red-orange color of the skin on the surfaces of corpses exposed to the sun. Damage on already dead body (nose, eyes and tongue) in others - made by mice or birds of prey.

The investigators did not dare to name the real reason for the death of students on the night of February 2, 1959 - from a test of missiles, from an explosion in the air that served to move the crust and snow on Mount Kholatchakhl.

The investigator of the Sverdlovsk prosecutor's office V. Korotaev, who first began to conduct the case (later during the years of glasnost), said:

“... the first secretary of the (Sverdlovsk) city committee of the party, Prodanov, invites me to his place and transparently hints: there is, they say, a proposal - to stop the case. Clearly, not his personal, nothing more than an indication from above. At my request, the secretary then called Andrei Kirilenko (first secretary of the Sverdlovsk regional party committee). And I heard the same thing: stop the case!
Literally a day later, investigator Lev Ivanov took it into his own hands, who quickly turned it off ... ". - With the above wording about "irresistible elemental force."

All secrets (military or otherwise), one way or another, harm people. Secrets are called secrets, what to say openly about them to the people is a shame because of their immoral nature.

As the wise Chinese thinker Lao Tzu noted:

"Even the best weapons do not bode well."

Composition of the group

Initially, the group consisted of ten people:

Yuri Yudin dropped out of the group due to an illness that caused severe pain in his leg before entering the active part of the route, due to which he was the only one from the whole group to survive. He was the first to identify the personal belongings of the dead, he also identified the bodies of Slobodin and Dyatlov. In the future, he did not take an active part in the investigation of the tragedy. In the 1990s, he was deputy head of Solikamsk for economics and forecasting, chairman of the Polyus city tourist club. He died on April 27, 2013, and, according to his last will, was buried on May 4 in Yekaterinburg at the Mikhailovsky cemetery, along with seven other participants in the campaign.

hike

There is an opinion that the last campaign of the group was timed to coincide with the 21st Congress of the CPSU (the materials of the criminal case do not confirm this). For 16 or 18 days, the participants of the trip had to ski at least 300 km in the north of the Sverdlovsk region and climb two peaks of the Northern Urals: Otorten and Oika-Chakur. The hike belonged to the 3rd (highest) category of difficulty according to the classification of sports hikes used in the late fifties.

Transportation

ski trip

Waiting for the group to return

Looking for a group

February

The search work began with the clarification of the route along which the Dyatlov group set off. It turned out that Dyatlov did not hand over the route book to the UPI sports club, and no one knows for sure which route the tourists chose. Thanks to Rimma Kolevatova, the sister of the missing Alexander Kolevatov, the route was restored and handed over to rescuers on February 19. On the same day, the use of aviation to search for the missing group was agreed, and on the morning of February 20, the chairman of the UPI sports club, Lev Gordo, flew to Ivdel with an experienced tourist, a member of the UPI tourist section bureau, Yuri Blinov. The next day they conducted aerial reconnaissance of the search area.

On February 22, the tourist section of the UPI formed 3 groups of searchers from students and employees of the UPI who had tourist and mountaineering experience - the groups of Boris Slobtsov, Moses Axelrod and Oleg Grebennik, who were transferred to Ivdel the next day. Another group, led by Vladislav Karelin, was decided to be transferred to the search area directly from the campaign. On the spot, the military joined the search - a group of captain A. A. Chernyshev and a group of operational workers with search dogs led by senior lieutenant Moiseev, cadets of the SevUralLag sergeant school led by senior lieutenant Potapov and a group of sappers with mine detectors led by lieutenant colonel Shestopalov. Also, local residents joined the search engines - representatives of the Mansi family Kurikovs (Stepan and Nikolai) and Anyamovs from the village of Suevatpaul (“Mansi Suevata”), hunters the Bakhtiyarov brothers, hunters from the Komi ASSR, radio operators with walkie-talkies for communication (Egor Nevolin from the exploration party, B . Yaburov). The head of the search at this stage was the master of sports of the USSR for tourism Evgeny Polikarpovich Maslennikov (secretary of the VIZ party committee, was the “issuer” of the route commission for the Dyatlov group) - he was responsible for the operational management of the search teams on the spot. The head of the military department of the UPI, Colonel Georgy Semenovich Ortyukov, became the chief of staff, whose functions included coordinating the actions of civil and military search teams, managing aviation flights in the search area, interacting with regional and local authorities, and the leadership of the UPI.

The area from Mount Otorten to Oika-Chakur (70 km in a straight line between them) was identified as the most promising for searches, as the most remote, difficult and potentially more dangerous for tourists. The search groups decided to land in the region of Mount Otorten (the northern groups of Slobtsov and Axelrod), in the region of Oika-Chakura (the southern group of Grebennik) and at two intermediate points between these mountains. At one of the points, on the watershed in the upper reaches of the Vishera and Purma rivers (about halfway from Otorten to Oika-Chakur), Chernyshev's group landed. It was decided to send the Karelin group to the Sampalchakhl mountain region - to the headwaters of the Niols River, 50 km south of Otorten, between the groups of Chernyshev and Grebennik. All search teams were tasked to find the traces of the missing group - ski tracks and traces of parking lots - go along them to the accident site and help the Dyatlov group. The group of Slobtsov was abandoned first (February 23), then Grebennik (February 24), Axelrod (February 25), Chernyshev (February 25-26). Another group, which included Mansi and radio geologist Yegor Nevolin, began moving from the lower reaches of the Auspiya to its upper reaches.

The place of lodging for the night is located on the North-Eastern slope of height 1079 at the headwaters of the Auspiya River. The lodging place is located 300 m from the top of mountain 1079 under a mountain slope of 30°. The overnight place is a platform leveled from snow, at the bottom of which 8 pairs of skis are laid. The tent was stretched out on ski poles, fixed with ropes, 9 backpacks with various personal belongings of the group members were spread out at the bottom of the tent, quilted jackets, windbreakers were laid on top, 9 pairs of boots in the heads, men's trousers were also found, also three pairs of felt boots, warm fur jackets were also found, socks, a hat, ski caps, dishes, buckets, a stove, axes, a saw, blankets, products: crackers in two bags, condensed milk, sugar, concentrates, notebooks, route plan and many other small things and documents and a camera and camera accessories.

This protocol was drawn up after the tent was excavated from the snow, and things were partially dismantled. A more accurate idea of ​​the state of the tent at the time of discovery can be obtained from the protocols of interrogation of members of the Slobtsov search group.

Subsequently, with the participation of experienced tourists, it was found that the tent was set up in accordance with all tourist and mountaineering rules.

In the evening of the same day, a group of Mansi hunters joined Slobtsov's group, moving on deer upstream of the Auspiya together with radio operator E. Nevolin, who transmitted a radiogram to the headquarters about the discovery of the tent. From that moment on, all groups that were involved in rescue work began to gather in the search area. In addition, the prosecutor of the Ivdelsky district, Vasily Ivanovich Tempalov, and a young correspondent for the Sverdlovsk newspaper “Na Smena!” joined the search engines. Yuri Yarovoy.

The next day, February 26 or 27, search engines from the Slobtsov group, whose task was to choose a place for the camp, discovered the bodies of Krivonischenko and Doroshenko (the latter was first mistakenly identified as Zolotarev). The place of discovery was on the right side of the channel of the fourth tributary of the Lozva, about 1.5 km to the northeast of the tent, under a large cedar near the edge of the forest. The bodies lay next to each other near the remains of a small fire, which had sunk into the snow. Rescuers were struck by the fact that both bodies were stripped down to their underwear. Doroshenko was lying on his stomach. Under his body, 3-4 knots of cedar of the same thickness were found. Krivonischenko was lying on his back. Around the bodies were scattered small items and scraps of clothing, some of which were burned. On the cedar itself, at a height of up to 4-5 meters, branches were broken off, some of them lay around the bodies. According to the observations of the search engine S.N. Sogrin, in the area of ​​the cedar “there were not two people, but more, since a titanic work was done on the preparation of firewood, spruce branches. This is evidenced by a large number of cuts on tree trunks, broken branches and Christmas trees.

Almost simultaneously with this, 300 meters from the cedar up the slope in the direction of the tent, Mansi hunters found the body of Igor Dyatlov. He was slightly covered with snow, reclining on his back, with his head towards the tent, his arm around the trunk of a birch. Dyatlov was wearing ski trousers, underpants, a sweater, a cowboy shirt, and a fur sleeveless jacket. Woolen sock on the right leg, cotton sock on the left. On the face of Dyatlov there was an icy growth, which meant that before his death he breathed into the snow.

In the evening of the same day, about 330 meters up the slope from Dyatlov, under a layer of dense snow of 10 cm, with the help of a search dog, the body of Zinaida Kolmogorova was discovered. She was warmly dressed, but without shoes. There were signs of a nosebleed on his face.

March

A few days later, on March 5, 180 meters from the place where Dyatlov's body was found and 150 meters from the location of Kolmogorova's body, the body of Rustem Slobodin was found under a layer of snow of 15-20 cm using iron probes. He was also quite warmly dressed, he had 4 pairs of socks on his feet, on his right leg there was a felt boot on top of them (the second felt boot was found in the tent). There was an icy growth on Slobodin's face and signs of nosebleeds.

The location of the three bodies found on the slope and their postures indicated that they died on the way back from the cedar to the tent.

On February 28, an emergency commission of the Sverdlovsk regional committee of the CPSU was created, headed by the deputy chairman of the regional executive committee, V.A. Pavlov, and the head of the department of the regional committee of the CPSU, F.T. Yermash. In early March, members of the commission arrived in Ivdel to officially lead the search. On March 8, the head of the search at the pass, E.P. Maslennikov, made a report to the commission on the progress and results of the search. He expressed the unanimous opinion of the search party that the search should be stopped until April in order to wait for the snow to shrink. Despite this, the commission decided to continue the search until all the tourists were found, organizing a change in the composition of the search party.

April

The search for the rest of the tourists were carried out on a vast territory. First of all, they searched for bodies on the slope from the tent to the cedar with the help of probes. The pass between peaks 1079 and 880, the ridge towards Lozva, the spur of peak 1079, the continuation of the valley of the fourth tributary of Lozva and the valley of Lozva at 4-5 km from the mouth of the tributary were also explored. During this time, the composition of the search groups changed several times, but the searches were inconclusive. By the end of April, the search engines concentrated their efforts on exploring the vicinity of the cedar, where the thickness of the snow cover in the hollows reached 3 meters or more.

May

In the first days of May, the snow began to melt intensively and made it possible to find objects that indicated the rescuers in the right direction to search. So, plucked coniferous branches and scraps of clothing were exposed, which clearly led into the hollow of the stream. An excavation carried out in a hollow made it possible to find at a depth of more than 2.5 m a flooring with an area of ​​about 3 m² of 14 peaks of small firs and one birch. Several pieces of clothing lay on the floor. According to the position of these objects on the flooring, four spots were exposed, made as "seats" for four people.

With further search in a hollow, about six meters from the flooring downstream of the stream, under a layer of snow from two to two and a half meters, the bodies of the remaining tourists were found. First they found Lyudmila Dubinina, in a kneeling position with her chest resting on a ledge that forms a waterfall of a stream, with her head against the current. Almost immediately after that, the bodies of three men were found next to her head. Thibaut-Brignolles lay separately, and Kolevatov and Zolotarev - as if hugging "chest to back". At the time of the discovery protocol, all the corpses were in the water and were characterized as decomposed. The text of the protocol noted the need to remove them from the stream, since the bodies may further decompose even more and may be carried away by the fast current of the stream.

Concerning a place of these finds in materials of criminal case there are divergences. The protocol drawn up on the spot indicates the location "from the famous cedar, 50 meters in the first stream." And the previously sent radiogram indicates the southwestern position of the excavation site relative to the cedar, that is, close to the direction of the abandoned tent. However, the decision to dismiss the case indicates the place “75 meters from the fire, towards the valley of the fourth tributary of the Lozva, that is, perpendicular to the path of tourists from the tent.”

On the corpses, as well as a few meters from them, clothes of Krivonischenko and Doroshenko were found - trousers, sweaters. All clothes had traces of even cuts, tk. filmed already from the corpses of Doroshenko and Krivonischenko. The dead Thibault-Brignolles and Zolotarev were found well-dressed, Dubinina was worse dressed - her faux fur jacket and cap ended up on Zolotarev, Dubinina's unbowed leg was wrapped in Krivonischenko's woolen trousers. Krivonischenko's knife was found near the corpses, with which young firs were cut at the fire.

The bodies found were sent to Ivdel for a forensic examination, and the search was curtailed.

Funeral organization

According to the testimony of Alexander Kolevatov's sister, Rimma, party workers of the Sverdlovsk regional committee of the CPSU and employees of the UPI offered to bury the dead in Ivdel, in a mass grave with the establishment of a monument. At the same time, conversations were held with each parent separately; requests to resolve the issue in a coordinated manner were refused. The persistent position of the parents and the support of the secretary of the regional committee of the CPSU Kuroyedov made it possible to organize a funeral in Sverdlovsk.

The first funeral took place on March 9, 1959 with a large crowd of people - on that day they buried Kolmogorova, Doroshenko and Krivonischenko. Dyatlov and Slobodin were buried on March 10. The bodies of four tourists (Kolmogorov, Doroshenko, Dyatlov, Slobodin) were buried in Sverdlovsk at the Mikhailovsky cemetery. Krivonischenko was buried by his parents at the Ivanovsky cemetery in Sverdlovsk.

The funeral of tourists found in early May took place on May 12, 1959. Three of them - Dubinina, Kolevatov and Thibault-Brignolles - were buried next to the graves of their group mates at the Mikhailovsky cemetery. Zolotarev was buried at the Ivanovo cemetery, next to the grave of Krivonischenko. All four were buried in closed zinc coffins.

official investigation

The official investigation was launched after the initiation of a criminal case by the prosecutor of the city of Ivdel, Vasily Ivanovich Tempalov, upon the discovery of corpses on February 26, 1959, and was conducted for three months. Tempalov, on the other hand, began an investigation into the causes of the death of tourists - he inspected the tent, the places where the bodies of 5 tourists were found, and also interrogated a number of witnesses. Since March 1959, the investigation was entrusted to the forensic prosecutor of the Sverdlovsk prosecutor's office, Lev Nikitich Ivanov.

The investigation initially considered the version of the attack and murder of tourists by representatives of the indigenous people of the northern Urals Mansi. Mansi from the Anyamov, Bakhtiyarov and Kurikov families fell under suspicion. During interrogations, they testified that they were not in the area of ​​​​Mount Otorten in early February, they did not see students from the Dyatlov tourist group, and the sacred prayer mountain for them is located elsewhere. It soon became clear that the cuts found on one of the slopes of the tent were made not from the outside, but from the inside.

The nature and form of all these injuries indicate that they were formed from the contact of the fabric of the inner side of the tent with the blade of some kind of weapon (knife).

The examination found that on the slope of the tent, facing down the slope, there were three significant incisions - approximately 89, 31 and 42 cm long. Two large pieces of fabric were torn out and were missing. The cuts were made with a knife from the inside, and the blade did not immediately cut through the fabric - the one who cut the tarpaulin had to repeat his attempts over and over again.

At the same time, the results of the autopsy of the bodies discovered in February-March 1959 did not reveal fatal injuries in them and determined the cause of death as freezing. Therefore, suspicions with Mansi were removed.

According to V. I. Korotaev, who worked in the Ivdel prosecutor’s office in 1959, the Mansi, in turn, said that they had seen a strange “fireball” at night. They not only described this phenomenon, but also drew it. Along with this, "fireballs" were seen on February 17 and March 31 by many residents of the Middle and Northern Urals, including tourists and search engines near the Dyatlov Pass.

Meanwhile, the government commission demanded certain results, which were not there - the search for the remaining 4 tourists was seriously delayed, and no main version was formed. Under these conditions, the investigator Lev Ivanov, having multiple testimonies of disinterested persons, began to develop in detail the "technogenic" version of the death of people associated with some kind of test. In May 1959, being at the site of the discovery of the remaining bodies, he, together with E.P. Maslennikov, once again examined the forest near the scene. They “found that some of the young fir trees at the edge of the forest had a burned mark, but these marks were not concentric or otherwise. There was also no epicenter.” At the same time, the snow was not melted, the trees were not damaged.

Having in his hands the acts of a forensic medical examination of the bodies of tourists found in the stream, according to which the presence of bone fractures caused by “impact of great force” was stated, Ivanov suggested that they had undergone some kind of energy impact and sent their clothes and samples of internal organs to the Sverdlovsk City SES for physical and technical (radiological) expertise. According to its results, the chief radiologist of the city of Sverdlovsk Levashov came to the following conclusions:

1. The studied solid biosubstrates contain radioactive substances within the limits of the natural content determined by Potassium-40.
2. Individual clothing samples examined contain slightly overestimated amounts of radioactive substances or a radioactive substance that is a beta emitter.
3. Detected radioactive substances or a radioactive substance when washing clothing samples tend to be washed away, that is, they are not caused by a neutron flux and induced radioactivity, but by radioactive contamination with beta particles.

“In one of the cameras, a photo frame (taken last) was preserved, which depicts the moment of excavation of snow to set up a tent. Given that this shot was taken with a shutter speed of 1/25 sec. with an aperture of 5.6, with a film sensitivity of 65 GOST units, and also taking into account the frame density, we can assume that the installation of the tent began at about 5 pm on February 1, 1959. A similar picture was taken by another device.

After that time, not a single record and not a single photograph was found.”

The investigation established that the tent was abandoned suddenly and simultaneously by all the tourists, but at the same time, the retreat from the tent took place in an organized, dense group, there was no disorderly and “panic” flight from the tent:

“The location and presence of items in the tent (almost all shoes, all outerwear, personal belongings and diaries) testified that the tent was left suddenly at the same time by all tourists, and, as established in the subsequent forensic examination, the lee side of the tent, where the tourists settled down heads, turned out to be cut from the inside in two places, in areas that ensure the free exit of a person through these cuts.

Below the tent, for up to 500 meters, traces of people walking from the tent into the valley and into the forest were preserved in the snow. The tracks are well preserved and there were 8-9 pairs. An examination of the tracks showed that some of them were left almost barefoot (for example, in one cotton sock), others had a typical display of a felt boot, a foot shod in a soft sock, etc. The tracks of the tracks were located close to one another, converged and again diverged not far from each other. Closer to the border of the forest, the tracks disappeared - they turned out to be covered with snow.

Neither in the tent nor near it were found signs of a struggle or the presence of other people.

This is confirmed by the testimony of investigator V.I. Tempalov, who worked at the site of the tragedy in the early days:

“Below the tent 50-60 [m] away on the slope, I found 8 pairs of footprints of people, which I carefully examined, but they were deformed due to winds and temperature fluctuations. I failed to establish the ninth trace, and it was not. I photographed the tracks. They walked down from the tent. The tracks showed me that the people were walking at a normal pace down the mountain. The footprints were visible only on the 50-meter section, there were none further, since the lower from the mountain, the more snow.

The reason for the abandonment of the tent could not be determined by the head of the search, E.P. Maslennikov. In a radiogram dated March 2, 1959, he stated:

“... the main mystery of the tragedy remains the exit of the entire group from the tent. The only thing other than an ice ax found outside the tent, a Chinese lantern on its roof, confirms the likelihood of one clothed person walking outside, which gave some reason to everyone else to hastily abandon the tent.

The ruling notes that the tourists made a number of fatal mistakes:

“... knowing about the difficult conditions of the relief of height 1079, where the ascent was supposed to be, Dyatlov, as the leader of the group, made a gross mistake, expressed in the fact that the group began the ascent on 02/01/59 only at 15:00.

Subsequently, on the ski trail of tourists, preserved by the time of the search, it was possible to establish that, moving towards the valley of the fourth tributary of the Lozva, the tourists took 500-600 m to the left and instead of the pass formed by the peaks "1079" and "880", they went to the eastern slope peaks „1079“. This was Dyatlov's second mistake.

Having used the rest of the daylight hours to climb to the top of "1079" in conditions strong wind, which is common in this area, and a low temperature of about 25-30 ° C, Dyatlov found himself in unfavorable overnight conditions and decided to pitch a tent on the slope of the peak "1079" so that in the morning of the next day, without losing altitude, go to the mountain Otorten, to which there were about 10 km in a straight line.

Based on the facts set forth in the decision, it was concluded:

“Given the absence of external bodily injuries and signs of a struggle on the corpses, the presence of all the values ​​​​of the group, and also taking into account the conclusion of the forensic medical examination on the causes of death of tourists, it should be considered that the cause of the death of tourists was an elemental force, which the tourists were unable to overcome ".

Thus, there were no perpetrators of the tragedy. Meanwhile, the bureau of the Sverdlovsk city committee of the CPSU, in the party order, for shortcomings in the organization of tourist work and weak control, punished: director of the UPI N. S. Siunov, secretary of the party bureau F. P. Zaostrovsky, chairman of the trade union committee of the UPI V. E. Union of Voluntary Sports Societies V. F. Kurochkin and Inspector of the Union V. M. Ufimtsev. The chairman of the board of the UPI sports club, L. S. Gordo, was dismissed from work.

Ivanov reported on the results of the investigation to the second secretary of the Sverdlovsk Regional Committee of the CPSU A.F. Eshtokin. According to Ivanov, Eshtokin gave a categorical instruction: “to classify absolutely everything, seal it up, hand it over to the special unit and forget about it.” Even earlier, the first secretary of the regional committee, A.P. Kirilenko, insisted on maintaining secrecy during the investigation. The case was sent to Moscow for verification by the Prosecutor's Office of the RSFSR and returned to Sverdlovsk on July 11, 1959. Deputy Prosecutor of the RSFSR Urakov did not provide any new information and did not give a written instruction to classify the case. Officially, the case was not classified as classified, but by order of the prosecutor of the Sverdlovsk region N. Klinov, the case was kept in a secret archive for some time (case sheets 370-377, containing the results of the radiological examination, were handed over to a special sector). Later, the case was transferred to the state archive of the Sverdlovsk region, where it is currently located.

The widespread opinion that a non-disclosure subscription was taken from all participants in the search for the Dyatlov group for 25 years has not been documented. The materials of the criminal case contain only two signatures (Yu.E. Yarovoy and E.P. Maslennikov) on non-disclosure of the materials of the preliminary investigation in accordance with Article 96 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR of 1926, the validity of which ceased with the termination of the criminal case.

Autopsy results

The forensic medical examination of all the dead was carried out by the forensic expert of the regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination Boris Alekseevich Vozrozhdenny. In the study first four bodies on March 4, 1959, the forensic expert of the city of Severouralsk Ivan Ivanovich Laptev also participated, and on May 9, 1959, forensic expert Genrietta Eliseevna Churkina took part in the study of the last four bodies. The research results are summarized in the following table:

Name	Opening date	Cause of death	Factors Contributing to Death	Other
Doroshenko Yu. N.	4.03.1959		-
Dyatlov I. A.	4.03.1959	Cold exposure (freezing)	-	Deposition, abrasions, skin wounds (obtained both in vivo and in an agonal state and posthumously)
Kolmogorova Z. A.	4.03.1959	Cold exposure (freezing)	-	Deposition, abrasions, skin wounds (obtained both in vivo and in an agonal state and posthumously)
Krivonischenko G. A.	4.03.1959	Cold exposure (freezing)	-	Burns II-III degree from a fire; deposition, abrasions, skin wounds (obtained both in vivo and in an agonal state and posthumously)
Slobodin R.V.	8.03.1959	Cold exposure (freezing)	Closed craniocerebral injury (frontal bone fracture on the left side)	Divergence of the sutures of the skull (postmortem); deposition, abrasions, skin wounds (obtained both in vivo and in an agonal state and posthumously)
Dubinina L. A.	9.05.1959	Extensive bleeding into the right ventricle of the heart, multiple bilateral fracture of the ribs, profuse internal bleeding into the chest cavity (caused by exposure to great force)	-
Zolotarev A. A.	9.05.1959	Multiple rib fracture on the right with internal bleeding into the pleural cavity (caused by high force)		Bodily injuries of soft tissues of the head area and "bath skin" of the extremities (postmortem)
Kolevatov A.S.	9.05.1959	Cold exposure (freezing)	-	Bodily injuries of soft tissues of the head area and "bath skin" of the extremities (postmortem)
Thibaut-Brignolles N.V.	9.05.1959	Closed multi-fragmented depressed fracture in the region of the vault and base of the skull with profuse hemorrhage under the meninges and into the substance of the brain (caused by exposure to great force)	Cold exposure	Bodily injuries of soft tissues of the head area and "bath skin" of the extremities (postmortem)

For the first five bodies examined, the forensic medical reports indicated the time of death within 6-8 hours from the last meal and the absence of signs of alcohol consumption.

In addition, on May 28, 1959, forensic expert B. A. Vozrozhdenny was interrogated, during which he answered questions about the possible circumstances of serious injuries found on three of the bodies found in the stream, and about the possible life expectancy after receiving such injuries. From the transcript of the interrogation follows:

• All injuries are characterized by the Renaissance as life-time and are caused by the impact of a great force, obviously exceeding that which occurs when falling from a height of one's own height. As examples of such a force, Vozrozhdenny cites the impact of a car moving at high speed with a blow and throwing of the body and the impact of an air blast wave.
• Thibaut-Brignolles' craniocerebral injury could not have been obtained as a result of a blow to the head with a stone, since there was no damage to the soft tissues.
• After being injured, Thibaut-Brignoles was unconscious and unable to move independently, but could live up to 2-3 hours.
• Dubinina could live 10-20 minutes after being injured, while remaining conscious. Zolotarev could live longer.

It should be noted that during the interrogation, B. A. Vozrozhdenny did not have the data of histological studies, which were completed only on May 29, 1959 and could give him additional data to answer the questions posed by the investigation.

Publication of the case

25 years after the termination of the case on the death of the Dyatlov group, it could be destroyed "in the usual manner" according to the terms of storage of documents. But the prosecutor of the region, Vladislav Ivanovich Tuikov, instructed the case not to be destroyed as “socially significant”.

Currently, the case is stored in the archives of the Sverdlovsk Region, and it is possible to get acquainted with it in the "limited access" mode only with the permission of the Prosecutor's Office of the Sverdlovsk Region. The full case file has never been published. However, copies of the case materials can be found on a number of Internet resources. A small number of researchers got acquainted with the original materials, including the tenth participant in the campaign, Yuri Yudin.

Criticism of the criminal case and the work of the investigation

After the appearance of the case materials in public sources, the quality of the work of the investigation was repeatedly criticized. So, the investigator Valery Kudryavtsev criticizes the insufficient attention of the investigation to the details of the state of the tent and things of the Dyatlov group (under the conditions of the intervention of the search engines) and to the traces of the group on the slope, and the conspiracy theorist A. I. Rakitin considers the examination of the sections of the slope of the tent and the study of the site under the cedar inadequate .

Forensic expert V. I. Lysy, a candidate of medical sciences and an expert in the field of research on corpses subjected to freezing, considers B. A. Vozrozhdenny’s conclusions about the lifetime of the craniocerebral injuries of Slobodin and Thibaut-Brignolles to be erroneous. In his opinion, the injuries of the skulls discovered by the Renaissance are posthumous, and the tourists "died from hypothermia and did not receive any fatal intravital injuries." He also believes that such diagnostic errors in Soviet forensic practice before 1972 were systematic.

The case itself, stored in the archive, is also criticized. Many amateur researchers express doubts about the completeness and reliability of the documents contained in it. The inconsistency of the date on the cover with the date of the decision to open a criminal case and the absence of a criminal case number are often mentioned. The extreme expression of this point of view is the opinion that there is (or previously existed) another case about the death of the Dyatlov group, which supposedly contains true information about the circumstances of the incident. Although at the moment there is no objective evidence of this, the “other case” hypothesis is supported by some experienced lawyers.

Versions of the death of the group

There are about twenty versions of the death of the group, which can be divided into three main categories:

natural

Strong wind

This version was expressed during the investigation by local residents, it was also considered by search engine tourists. It was assumed that one of the Dyatlovites left the tent and was blown away by the wind, the rest rushed to his aid, cutting the tent for a speedy exit, and were also carried away by the wind down the slope. Soon the version was rejected, since the search engines themselves experienced the effects of strong winds in the vicinity of the scene and made sure that with any wind it was possible to stay on the slope and return to the tent.

Avalanche

The version first put forward in 1991 by M. A. Axelrod, a participant in the search and supported by geologists I. B. Popov and N. N. Nazarov, and later by masters of sports in tourism E. V. Buyanov and B. E. Slobtsov (also a participant in the search ). The essence of the version is that an avalanche descended on the tent, crushing it with a significant load of snow, which caused the urgent evacuation of tourists from the tent. It was also suggested that the serious injuries received by some of the tourists were caused by the avalanche.

Following his predecessors, E. V. Buyanov believes that one of the reasons for the avalanche was cutting the slope at the place where the tent was set up. Buyanov notes that the site of the accident of the Dyatlov group belongs to the "continental hinterland with avalanches from recrystallized snow." Referring to the opinions of several experts, he claims that in the area of ​​​​the tent of the Dyatlov group, a relatively small but dangerous collapse of a layer of compacted snow, the so-called "snow board", could have taken place. The injuries of some tourists in his version are explained by squeezing the victims between the dense snow mass of the collapse and the hard bottom of the tent.

Opponents of the avalanche version point out that the traces of the avalanche were not found by the participants in the search, which included experienced climbers. They note that the ski poles buried in the snow to fasten the tent remained in place and question the possibility of making the cuts discovered by the investigation from the inside of the fallen tent. The "avalanche" origin of severe injuries of three people is rejected in the absence of traces of the impact of the avalanche on other members of the group and fragile objects in the tent, as well as the possibility of independent descent of the injured or transportation by their surviving comrades from the tent to the place where the bodies were found. Finally, the departure of the group from the avalanche danger zone straight down, and not across the slope, seems to be a gross mistake that experienced tourists could not make.

Other versions

There are also a number of versions explaining what happened by a collision with wild animals (for example, a connecting rod bear, elk, wolves [ ]), poisoning tourists with sulfur-containing volcanic gases, exposure to rare and little-studied natural phenomena (winter thunderstorms, ball lightning, infrasound). There is a tendency to consider some of these versions as "anomalous" and put them in the same category as .

Criminal and technogenic-criminal

Common to this category of versions is the presence of human malicious intent, which is expressed in the murder of the Dyatlov tourist group and / or concealment of information about the impact of some technogenic factor on it.

Criminal versions

In addition to extremely dubious assumptions about the accidental poisoning of a tourist group (poor-quality alcohol or some kind of psychotropic drug), the subcategory of criminal versions includes:

Attack by escaped prisoners

This possibility was not mentioned in the decision to terminate the criminal case. The former investigator of the Ivdel prosecutor's office, V.I. Korotaev, claims that there were no escapes during the incident.

Death at the hands of Mansi

Experienced tourists reject this version both in Yarovoy's book and in reality. Versus Version internal conflict the expert on survival in extreme conditions, V. G. Volovich, also spoke out.

Attack of poachers - employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs

According to this version, the Dyatlovites encountered law enforcement officers engaged in poaching. Employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (most likely, Ivdellag), out of hooligan motives, attacked the tourist group, which led to the death of tourists from injuries and hypothermia. The fact of the attack was subsequently successfully covered up.

Opponents of this version point out that the surroundings of Mount Kholatchakhl are difficult to access, unsuitable for winter hunting, and therefore not of interest to poachers. In addition, the possibility of successfully concealing a skirmish with tourists in the context of the ongoing investigation into their deaths is called into question.

"Controlled Delivery"

There is a conspiracy version of Alexei Rakitin, according to which several members of the Dyatlov group were undercover KGB officers. At the meeting, they were supposed to convey important disinformation regarding Soviet nuclear technology to foreign agents disguised as another tourist group. But they revealed this plan or accidentally unmasked themselves and killed all members of the Dyatlov group.

Former Soviet intelligence officer Mikhail Lyubimov was skeptical about this version, calling it a "detective novel." He noted that Western intelligence services in the fifties were really interested in the secrets of the Ural industry and carried out agents, but called the methods of work of the special services described by Rakitin implausible.

Technogenic criminal

According to some versions, the Dyatlov group was hit by some kind of weapon being tested: ammunition or a new type of rocket. It is believed that this provoked the hasty abandonment of the tent, and possibly directly contributed to the death of people. The following are mentioned as possible damaging factors: components of rocket fuel, a sodium cloud from a specially equipped rocket, the impact of a nuclear or volumetric explosion.

Yekaterinburg journalist A.I. Gushchin published a version that the group was the victim of a bomb test, most likely a neutron one, after which, in order to preserve state secrets, the death of tourists was staged in extreme natural conditions.

There are versions explaining the incident as an avalanche provoked by a man-made factor (for example, an explosion). It was in this direction that the “avalanche” version was developed by its founder M. A. Axelrod.

A common drawback of all such versions is that it is pointless to test new weapons systems outside a specially equipped test site, which allows evaluating their effectiveness in comparison with analogues, identifying advantages and disadvantages. During the incident, the USSR maintained a moratorium on nuclear tests, violations of which were not recorded by Western observers. According to E. V. Buyanov, referring to the data received from A. B. Zheleznyakov, an accidental hit of a rocket in the area of ​​Mount Kholatchakhl is excluded. All types of missiles of the corresponding period, including those that were tested, either do not fit in terms of range, taking into account possible launch points, or were not launched in the period February 1-2, 1959.

Mystical and fantastic

This category includes versions that use factors to explain the incident, the existence of which is not recognized by the scientific community: paranormal phenomena, alien contacts, curses, attack by Bigfoot, evil spirits, etc.

The death of the Dyatlov group, for all its drama, is not a unique event both for that time and for sports tourism in general.

The death of the Dyatlovites occurred in the last period of the existence of the old system of supporting amateur tourism, which had the organizational form of commissions under the Sports Committees and the Unions of Sports Societies and Organizations (SSSO) of territorial entities. There were tourist sections at enterprises and universities, but these were disparate organizations that interacted poorly with each other. With the growing popularity of tourism, it became obvious that the existing system could not cope with the preparation, provision and support of tourist groups and could not provide a sufficient level of tourism security. In 1959, when the Dyatlov group died, the number of dead tourists did not exceed 50 people per year in the country. The very next year, 1960, the number of dead tourists almost doubled. The first reaction of the authorities was an attempt to ban amateur tourism, which was done by a resolution of the Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of March 17, 1961, which abolished the Federation and the tourism sections under the voluntary councils of the Union of Sports Societies and Organizations. But it is impossible to forbid people to voluntarily go on a hike in quite accessible terrain - tourism turned into a “wild” state, when no one controlled the training or equipment of groups, the routes were not coordinated, only friends and relatives followed the deadlines. The effect followed immediately: in 1961, the number of dead tourists exceeded 200 people. Since the groups did not document the composition and route, sometimes there was no information either about the number of missing persons or about where to look for them.

By the Decree of the Presidium of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of July 20, 1962 “On the Further Development of Tourism”, sports tourism was again officially recognized, its structures were transferred to the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions (trade unions), tourism councils were created, commissions under the SSSOO were abolished, organizational work to support tourism was in much revised and reformed. The creation of tourist clubs on a territorial basis began, but work in organizations did not weaken, but intensified due to the wide information support that appeared due to the exchange of experience of amateur organizations. This made it possible to overcome the crisis and ensure the functioning of the sports tourism system for several decades.