In the 1920s, a wave of construction of a new type of cooperative housing swept through Moscow. Actors, musicians, engineers and officials massively united in cooperatives to build their own houses: one of the most well-coordinated were those created by the artists of the Bolshoi Theater and the Vakhtangovites. The six buildings built for them are still inhabited by the descendants of prima and composers.
House of Artists of the Bolshoi Theatre. Photo: wikimapia.org / Enormousrat
Three addresses in Bryusovo and one in Karetnoy: Bolshoi Theater actors' houses
Bryusov lane, 7
Carriage row 5/10
Due to its nondescript appearance even by the standards of constructivism: five floors, one entrance, mouse color - the building rarely attracts the attention of Muscovites. But the house has been included in the register of monuments for several years. cultural heritage. The building was built for employees of the State Academic Bolshoi Theater in 1935 according to the project of the famous Moscow architect Alexey Shchusev. The house was erected by order of the theater workers' cooperative. Immediately after the completion of construction, she settled here soloist of the Bolshoi Antonina Nezhdanova, it is her name from 1962 to 1994 that the entire lane will bear. The artist's neighbors were ballerina Olga Lepeshinskaya, singers Maria Maksakova and Nikadr Khanaev, theater artist Fedor Fedorovsky, conductor Alexander Melik-Pashaev and many other well-known employees of the theater at that time. It is interesting that the memorial apartment in the house remained only after one tenant - musician Nikolai Golovanov who lived in apartment number 10.
In 1956-1960, for the grown troupe of artists of the Bolshoi Theater, another residential building was built in Karetny Ryad. Despite its impressive size, there were almost no really famous residents in the house. The greatest popularity was achieved by those who settled here from the very beginning Leonid Utyosov and settled later TV presenter Leonid Yakubovich.
Memorial plaque to Leonid Osipovich Utyosov at 5, st. Karetny row in Moscow. Photo: commons.wikimedia.org
Bryusov lane, 12. Photo: wikimapia.org / Bakurin
In 1928 the building was built architect Ivan Rerberg. A five-story building with external elevator shafts can easily be confused with mass building, for which the first cooperative houses of the NEP era prepared the basis. After the construction was completed, the architect himself and his family settled in the house, ballerinas Victoria Krieger and Marina Semyonova, actors Sofia Giatsintova and Anatoly Ktorov. The most famous and unfortunate residents were the residents of apartment 11, Vsevolod Meyerhold and his wife Zinaida Reich. The director himself was shot in 1940, his wife was killed in the same apartment. Immediately after the death of Reich, according to legend, the living space was divided into two parts: one half was occupied chauffeur Lavrenty Beria and the other is a girl named Vardo Maksimilishvili. In various sources, the young woman is credited with serving as an NKVD officer, personal secretary, and even Lavrenty Beria's mistress. Now the house has been turned into a museum open to the public.
Bryusov lane, 17
The same nondescript as the neighboring ones, the cooperative house of artists of the Moscow Art Theater became the first project of Alexei Shchusev in Bryusov Lane. It took only one year to build: the minimalist building was conceived in 1927, and occupied as early as 1928.
Bolshoi Levshinsky Lane, 8a. Photo: commons.wikimedia.org
The building is slightly higher than the neighboring artistic buildings and has 6 floors. The local apartments were distinguished by increased comfort: almost all of them were created taking into account the personal wishes of future residents. In one of the sections on the ground floor, even a swimming pool was originally designed. Actors Nina Litovtseva, Vasily Kachalov, Ivan Moskvin, director Leonid Leonidov, ballerina Ekaterina Geltser and choreographer Vasily Tikhomirov settled in the house. Already in the middle of the 20th century, the famous Soviet dancer Maris Liepa. A few years ago, in fact, the entire top floor and the attic of the building were bought by artist Nikas Safronov- here is his workshop and residential apartments.
Two houses of "Vakhtangov"
Bolshoy Nikolopeskovsky lane, 12
Built in 1928, the house was intended for artists of the Vakhtangov Theatre. The building was designed by little famous architect Yakov Rabinovich. five-storey house correct form divided into four entrances and 38 apartments. Among the guests of the first floor stood out actor Boris Shchukin.
Bolshoy Nikolopeskovsky lane, 12 / Photo: Commons.wikimedia.org
Iosif Rappoport, Anatoly Goryunov, Vasily Kuza, Ruben Simonov lived on the second. The house manager chose the artists Lev Ruslanov. Many years later his son Vadim Ruslanov will describe the life and way of life of the first generation of "Vakhtangov" in his book "House in Levshinsky". The work features a very lively and close-knit inner life yard: joint dance evenings, games of tennis, volleyball, a skating rink flooded for the winter and evenings on a bench under Shchukin's windows.
In 1937, a second house was built for the artists of the Vakhtangov Theater. This time, the eight-story residential building is located very close to the duty station, in Bolshoy Nikolopeskovsky Lane. The most famous local residents there were two actors - father and son - Mikhail Derzhavins. The latter still lives here with wife Roxana Babayan.
On the places and areas of residence of general secretaries, marshals and academicians Soviet Union tells the Muscovite, architectural historian Denis Romodin. The topic of the next publication is the house of artists of the Bolshoi Theater in Bryusov Lane (modern address: Bryusov per., 7). The building was specially built for the theatrical intelligentsia in the 1930s.
Bryusov (or as it was called until 1962 - Bryusovsky) lane miraculously incorporated a number of apartment buildings built for the Soviet creative elite in the 1920s-1950s, this was the House of Artists at No. 12, built in 1928 according to the project of the architect I. Rerberg; And famous House composers in the ZhSK "Teacher of the Moscow Conservatory", built under number 8/10 in 1953-1956 by architect I. Marcuse; as well as residential building number 17, built in 1928 according to the project of A. Shchusev for Moscow Art academic theater. In the same alley, the architect Shchusev designed a monumental and outstanding house at number 7, known as the House of Artists of the Bolshoi Theater.
The project of this house was prepared back in 1932, when a housing cooperative of workers of the Bolshoi Theater was created. The workshop of the architect D. Fridman took up the work (according to other sources, the architect L. Polyakov, who moved from Leningrad to Moscow). However, later the design was transferred to Alexei Shchusev, who developed in 1933 new plan buildings in which the architect completely departed from the avant-garde, presented earlier in his work,- in previous years, he designed many bright buildings in Moscow, such as Lenin's mausoleum, the building of the Mechanical Institute on Bolshaya Sadovaya, 14, the building of the People's Commissariat of Agriculture on Sadovo-Spasskaya, 11/1, houses for workers of the Moscow Art Theater in Bryusov Lane. In the early 1930s, Shchusev was already beginning to work on changing the design of the Mossovet hotel, which had previously been developed by the duet of architects L. Savelyev and O. Stapran. In the changes in the composition and facades of the future Moskva Hotel, one could see the search for the architect and the beginning of his development of the classical heritage, and in the house in Bryusov Lane, these searches were already completed with a completely classical solution.
The house for the artists of the Bolshoi Theater, built in 1935, is divided into three parts - the central building, deepened from the alley, and two protruding side ones. This made it possible to fit a nine-story residential building into a narrow lane and provide apartments with light. Unlike house number 17, in house number 7, Shchusev designed the apartments, increasing the windows in them because of the high ceilings. To improve illumination, starting from the third floor, bay windows without deglazing window frames are placed on two side wings. For a monumental appearance, the facades are lined with "Riga" plaster interspersed with crumbs of quartz, marble and granite. The portals of the entrances and the plinth are finished with natural pink granite. The last two floors received rounded windows and a powerful cornice - the architect will repeat this decision in the Moskva Hotel and his residential buildings designed in the same years.
In the same house, the architect introduced a special soundproofing system, since the apartments were intended for artists of the Bolshoi Theater. Shchusev also needed to design large rooms for rehearsals, to develop the dimensions of the spaces for placing the piano and its delivery to apartments.
The layout of the apartments initially looked more like the pre-revolutionary one - a suite of front rooms, master bedrooms, a separate sanitary unit, a kitchen and a room for servants. The floors in all living rooms were covered with inlaid parquet, sanitary facilities and kitchens were covered with tiles. On the stairwells - the same tile and polished stone chips. For the walls in the living rooms, a beige-yellowish color, typical for that time, was chosen.
Since the house was cooperative, the apartments had only built-in furniture by the time they moved in. The furnishings were done by the residents themselves. In the absence mid 1930s large selection finished furniture apartments were furnished with antiques. Moreover, the residents of this house were creative people - some memorial plaques on the facade with the names listed below speak for themselves: sculptor I. D. Shadr; conductors N. S. Golovanov and A. Sh. Melik-Pashaev; ballet dancers A. B. Godunov, L. I. Vlasova and O. V. Lepeshinskaya; opera singers I. S. Kozlovsky, A. S. Pirogov, M. P. Maksakova, N. A. Obukhova, A. V. Nezhdanova. By the way, in honor of Nezhdanova, Bryusov Lane was temporarily renamed - in 1962-1994 it was called Nezhdanova Street. She herself lived in apartment number 9. In honor of her, the famous architect I. Zholtovsky with his colleague N. Sukoyan and sculptor I. Rabinovich made a sketch of an elegant and monumental memorial plaque on the facade of the house. In the neighboring apartment No. 10 there is now a museum-apartment of her husband, conductor N. S. Golovanov. In these two apartments, an amazing atmosphere of a huge and at the same time elegant home, which became the decoration of the alley.
We continue to publish a series of materials dedicated to houses Soviet elite in Moscow. Denis Romodin tells about the places and areas of residence of the Soviet elite. The theme of the next publication is the house of artists of the Bolshoi Theater in Bryusov Lane (modern address: Bryusov per., 7).
Bryusov (or as it was called until 1962 - Bryusovsky) lane surprisingly absorbed a number of apartment buildings built for the Soviet creative elite in the 1920-1950s - this is the House of Artists at No. 12, built in 1928 according to the project architect I. Rerberg; and the famous House of Composers in the ZhSK "Teacher of the Moscow Conservatory", built under No. 8/10 in 1953–1956 by architect I. Marcuse; as well as residential building No. 17, built in 1928 according to the project of A. Shchusev for the Moscow Art Academic Theatre. In the same lane, the architect Shchusev designed a monumental and remarkable house at number 7, known as the House of Artists of the Bolshoi Theater.
The project of this house was prepared back in 1932, when a housing cooperative of workers of the Bolshoi Theater was created. The workshop of the architect D. Fridman took up the work (according to other sources, the architect L. Polyakov, who moved from Leningrad to Moscow). However, later the design was transferred to Alexei Shchusev, who developed a new building plan in 1933, in which the architect completely departed from the avant-garde presented earlier in his work - in previous years he designed many bright buildings in Moscow, such as Lenin's mausoleum, the building of the Mechanical Institute on Bolshaya Sadovaya, 14, the building of the People's Commissariat of Agriculture on Sadovo-Spasskaya, 11/1, houses for workers of the Moscow Art Theater in Bryusov Lane. In the early 1930s, Shchusev was already beginning to work on changing the design of the Mossovet hotel, which had previously been developed by the duet of architects L. Savelyev and O. Stapran. In the changes in the composition and facades of the future Moskva Hotel, one could see the search for the architect and the beginning of the development of the classical heritage, and in the house in Bryusov Lane, these searches were already completed with a completely classical solution.
The house for the artists of the Bolshoi Theater, built in 1935, is divided into three parts - the central building, deepened from the alley, and two protruding side ones. This made it possible to fit a nine-story residential building into a narrow lane and provide apartments with light. Unlike house number 17, in house number 7, Shchusev designed the apartments, increasing the windows in them because of the high ceilings. To improve illumination, starting from the third floor, bay windows without deglazing window frames are placed on two side wings. For a monumental appearance, the facades are lined with "Riga" plaster interspersed with crumbs of quartz, marble and granite. The portals of the entrances and the plinth are finished with natural pink granite. The last two floors received rounded windows and a powerful cornice - the architect will repeat this decision in the Moskva Hotel and his residential buildings designed in the same years.
In the same house, the architect introduced a special soundproofing system, since the apartments were intended for artists of the Bolshoi Theater. Shchusev also needed to design large rooms for rehearsals, to develop the dimensions of the spaces for placing the piano and its delivery to apartments.
The layout of the apartments initially looked more like the pre-revolutionary one - a suite of front rooms, master bedrooms, a separate sanitary unit, a kitchen and a room for servants. The floors in all living rooms were covered with stacked parquet, sanitary facilities and kitchens were covered with tiles. On the stairwells - the same tile and polished stone chips. For the walls in the living rooms, a beige-yellowish color, typical for that time, was chosen.
Since the house was cooperative, the apartments had only built-in furniture by the time they moved in. The furnishings were done by the residents themselves. In the absence of a large selection of ready-made furniture in the mid-1930s, apartments were furnished with antiques. Moreover, the residents of this house were creative people - some memorial plaques on the facade with the names listed below speak for themselves: sculptor I. D. Shadr; conductors N. S. Golovanov and A. Sh. Melikov-Pashaev; ballet dancers A. B. Godunov, L. I. Vlasova and O. V. Lepeshinskaya; opera singers I. S. Kozlovsky, A. S. Pirogov, M. P. Maksakova, N. A. Obukhova, A. V. Nezhdanova. By the way, in honor of Nezhdanova, Bryusov Lane was temporarily renamed - in 1962-1994 it was called Nezhdanova Street. She herself lived in apartment number 9. In honor of her, the famous architect I. Zholtovsky with his colleague N. Sukoyan and sculptor I. Rabinovich made a sketch of an elegant and monumental memorial plaque on the facade of the house. In the neighboring apartment No. 10 there is now a museum-apartment of her husband, conductor N. S. Golovanov. In these two apartments, the amazing atmosphere of a huge and at the same time elegant house has been preserved, which has become the decoration of the alley.
Walking with a child is an opportunity to be together, talk, talk heart to heart. This is an accessible way of communication even for a very busy person - after all, you can always find a little time to walk with your son or daughter through the park, embankment or old city streets. begins to collect places and their stories suitable for such rendezvous walks.
In the very center of the capital there is a place where you can take a walk, and breathe in the spirit of antiquity, along with the bohemian spirit, and pray with all your heart. This is Bryusov Lane.
Street on the river
And as soon as this ancient (even the oldest) corner of our capital, covered with all sorts of legends and all sorts of conversations, was not called ... And Uspensky enemy, and Vrazhsky lane - there were never any enemies here, but from "enemies", it became be, the name, simply a ravine (well, how funny these toponyms are, how much sometimes unexpected and even funny lies in them - historical, of course, too) ...
In this enemy there flowed a rivulet - so small that it didn’t even have a name. It still flows today, but only underground, hidden more than two hundred years ago in a pipe. On excursions, children are told mainly about the Neglinka, which flows in a pipe dungeon. But how many nameless, like this, rivers, streams and streams flow underground. Do not count!
photosight.ru Photo: Tatiana Tsyganok
And this lane is also known as Voskresensky, since the Church of the Resurrection of the Word has been standing here since the beginning of the 17th century. First wooden, then stone - it burned more than once, but never closed. Never! Even in the terrible Stalinist times of persecution of the church. And this despite the fact that the temple is located just a few hundred meters from Red Square and the Kremlin. Truly the Lord has preserved!
From the middle of the 18th century Bryusov lane became. For a hundred years the glorious Bryus family had already lived here, having moved to Muscovy, to serve the Russian sovereign, still the “quietest” Alexei Mikhailovich, from England. The first was Yakov Vilimovich Bruce, a descendant of the kings of Scotland and a military man. His son was also a soldier. At first, the grandson also went along the same path - also Yakov Vilimovich Bruce - from an early age he was an associate of the future Tsar Peter the Great.
However, later Yakov Vilimovich became a purely scientific person. Knowing several languages, having studied maritime affairs, he was also a connoisseur of painting, collected a unique library and the richest herbarium. But astrology, they say, did not disdain. And even - shh! - sorcery. Moscow legend says that the first Russian Freemason flew through the air from his home to the Sukharev Tower (which was built by Yakov Bruce in order to watch the stars). That's just how he flew, on what? .. Then, after all, there were no balloons either. It is only known that he moved around at night. When no one saw...
The last of the Bryusov estate, nephew of Yakov Vilimovich, Count Alexander, was neither able to fly, nor to spy on the heavenly bodies ... However, he managed to participate in a considerable number of campaigns, rise to the rank of lieutenant general and even become vice-governor of Moscow.
So who is the street named after? And here's a question for you. Guess yourself.
Much later, this street was called by the name of Antonina Vasilievna Nezhdanova, the famous Russian singer and once the first soprano of the Bolshoi Theater. But this is not for long, just over thirty years - from the 62nd to the 94th year of the last century. However, even then the alley that connects the main Tverskaya with the chamber Bolshaya Nikitskaya in just five minutes on foot was called by Muscovites in the old fashioned way "Bryusov". And 20 years ago, the street was returned to her historical name. And, we dare to hope, now forever.
Shadows of the past
The unforgettable performer of the now almost forgotten romance Nadezhda Andreevna Obukhova also lived on this street. "Shadows of the Past" - the uncomplicated words of an urban romance - she, like no one else, knew how to turn into a short, but always surprising living history someone's deep feelings. From here, from house number 7, the “queen of Russian romance” is almost the only one Opera singer with a unique mezzo-soprano who could sing old romance in a salon (and not in a classical) manner - she left for the Bolshoi Theater. On opera stage Obukhov reigned as sovereignly as in the music salon.
Yes, house number 7 ... The largest, perhaps, in Bryusovo ... and certainly the most glorious. House of Artists of the Bolshoi Theatre. The main theater of the country.
“Shadows of the Past” were also sung in a duet in this house. An old chronicle brought to us a half-worn record of a romance sung by Obukhova in the company of the first tenor of the country, Ivan Kozlovsky, in the apartment of Antonina Vasilievna Nezhdanova. The apartment, however, had already become a museum at that time (quite soon after the death of legendary singer) and from here there were periodically broadcasts of a good old-fashioned genre in the power of “it was, it was ..”. And although now it may seem quite unbelievable, but ... It really happened. And it doesn't seem like it's been that long...
In the invariably tidy front garden outside the house, the famous bass Mark Reisen strolled in a huge white hat - rather wide-brimmed and ancient, but at the same time somehow never dilapidated and always fashionable. To a ripe old age, elegant and handsome, Reizen's last time entered the Bolshoi stage at the age of 90 to sing Gremin's aria in Eugene Onegin. And what? .. The voice sounded like never before!
Basically, house 7 was inhabited by opera houses. Alexander Pirogov - he marvelously knew how to hide his short stature when he sang his crown Boris in Mussorgsky's opera; Bronislava Zlatogorova - famous not only for her deep mezzo, but also for her antique collection furniture; Elizaveta Shumskaya is the virtuoso Violetta from La Traviata and Kozlovsky's favorite partner...
The tenor himself, before last days protecting his unique voice with a warm scarf in any weather, at the same time, under no circumstances did he shy away from everyday exercise. Walks - half an hour, no more - were made hand in hand with the faithful housekeeper Nina Feodosyevna - from home to the Church of the Resurrection. They say sometime famous singer he sang here and on the kliros, together with Nezhdanova... They say... But he was a faithful parishioner. That's for sure. And the artist himself was buried by the Metropolitan of Volokolamsk and Yuryevsky Pitirim - another legend of Bryusov Lane.
Tall and stately, with jet-black hair (and then white as a harrier), a handsome man who was the honorary rector of the temple, he came to serve on Sundays (and sometimes on weekdays) and was always surrounded by a host of annoying admirers. They annoyed Vladyka in the pre-perestroika period by attracting too much attention for the Soviet times to the hierarchical person. And then, when the times changed and those who should have watched the persons of the clergy, it was no longer necessary - and the admirers of the lord became very old. The circle began to dissolve and sadly thinned out. Old women, regardless of gender and rank, gradually left for another world. And in 2003, Vladyka himself also left. Ten years after Kozlovsky's death. And Bryusov Lane by that time had already changed quite a lot ...
... There are no others anymore ... And memorial plaques remind me of those who lived here in scanty lines ... The most terrible is at house number 12. Director Vsevolod Meyerhold, a great theatrical dreamer and experimenter, lived here. Putting Bulanova from Ostrovsky's "Forest" on her head a green wig, true friend and an adherent of the Soviet regime, he was ruthlessly destroyed by the same regime.
His board is adjacent to the memorial of Sophia Giacintova. The actress was not only the first star of the Theater. Lenin Komsomol, but also a passion that faithfully served the Soviet regime. Lucky, however, Sofya Vladimirovna much more than Vsevolod Emilievich. They say because the actress managed to be in right time V right place and play the role of the mother of Lenin himself, which allowed Giacintova to live comfortably until almost 90 years old, without leaving the theater stage.
House of Artists in Bryusovo. Photo: Alexander Ivanov.
Hello new life...
And what is in Bryusovo now?
The famous artist Nikas Safronov moved to these parts to roam the roof of his apartment at night. Known for his various escapades, the minister of muses bought several dwellings at once at house number 17, in which the most famous ballerina The Bolshoi Theater Ekaterina Vasilievna Geltser is a friend of Marshal Mannerheim.
They say that the legendary military leader, even in Soviet times, crossing the border incognito (oh, how romantic!), He came from Finland, which by that time ruled and ruled, to look at his enchantress. Now half of Geltser's apartment is occupied by another ballerina - Ilze Liepa, who named her cat Vaska, or rather Vasilievna, in honor of the patronymic of Mannerheim's great passion.
Another sign of the new time - only inanimate - a monument to Mstislav Rostropovich. The great and, as always, very concentrated cellist was seated at the instrument in the corner of the square by the ubiquitous Alexander Rukavishnikov. He sat me down right opposite the entrance to the temple, which the musician, by the way, really liked to go to.
Another celestial is looking at Rostropovich from another square. Composer Aram Khachaturian. Both lived here nearby, in the House of Composers. It was built already in the 50s, next to the artists' cooperative. And some - from the first generation of inhabitants - can still be found here. Here, for example, Lyudmila Lyadova ...
And so - the tribe is young, unfamiliar ... Near the House of Composers, they built some kind of cube of an incomprehensible design. Either a cube, or a parallelepiped, or ... Nervous multi-colored graffiti on the wall ... And house 19 - one of the most elegant buildings on the street, a hundred years ago, protected by the state - was demolished. Putting mediocre glass "tower" with a basement for foreign cars. They say that people live in it too ...
Heavenly helpers
Let's go to the temple for the last time. Before the icon of the Mother of God “Search for the Lost”, parents have long been praying for their lost children, crying in front of the icon of the Heavenly Intercessor so that the Lord would return understanding to negligent students.
This icon came here from the Church of the Nativity in Palashi, where Marina Tsvetaeva and Sergey Efron once got married in front of it. And she had to endure a lot of trials - and she was smashed to pieces by Napoleonic soldiers, and burned - after a ruined widower nobleman with three daughters once brought her to the church. The legend says that left a beggar with three teenage children, he was in extreme despair, and the Mother of God remained his only hope. From last strength he prayed in front of the icon, and when he gave his daughters in marriage, he transferred the shrine to the temple.
And before the ancient image of St. Nicholas they pray. He is always the first assistant to students. And they turn to Spridon, the Trimifuntsky miracle worker ...
Gorgots Ilya. Bryusov lane. Watercolor.
***
... And it is better to enter Bryusov Lane from Tverskaya. And do not even enter, but enter ... For the street opens with a "triumphal" arch with powerful granite columns. It's like stepping into a solemn ballroom. And - so much space, history, life in front of you ...
Let's go in!..
Entrance to Bryusov. Photo: artema-lesnik.livejournal.com
Bryusov lane - a street in the central district of Moscow (Tverskoy district, Presnensky district).
Nearest metro: Okhotny Ryad, Pushkinskaya.
Name
The name "Bryusov" was given to the lane in the 18th century by the names of the homeowners of the associate of Peter I, Field Marshal General and scientist J. V. Bruce and his nephew Count A. R. Bruce.
noteworthy
House 17 - a residential building for artists of the Moscow Art Theater (1928, architect A. V. Shchusev). Here lived: actor V. I. Kachalov and his wife, actress and director N. N. Litovtseva, actor L. M. Leonidov, actor I. M. Moskvin and his wife, actress L. V. Geltser, ballet dancers E. V Geltser (commemorative plaque, 1964, sculptor A. V. Pekarev, architect G. P. Lutsky), A. B. Godunov, I. M. Liepa, philosopher 1 .
House 21 - Gudovich House. IN early XIX century, the house belonged to the brothers Counts Andrei and Kirill Gudovich. In 1847-1849 the playwright A. V. Sukhovo-Kobylin lived here. In 1898, the house was re-finished on the facade by the architect S. K. Rodionov. IN Soviet time during the reconstruction of Gorky street part big house Gudovichey was moved inside quarter 2.
Notes
1) About the house of artists of the Moscow Art Theater, No. 17 - Elena Yakovich, Daughter of the philosopher Shpet in the film by Elena Yakovich. Full version memoirs of Marina Gustavovna Storkh (2014):
“Well, during one of our “gatherings” on Dolgorukovskaya, a guest said that a decree of the Soviet government had been issued and it was allowed to build cooperative housing. The state even gives a large loan for this with an installment plan of thirty years, you just need to unite in a cooperative under some institution. Everyone decided: why are we not a cooperative? Artists, famous artists, a very weighty cooperative turns out. And Vladimir Podgorny, actor Chamber Theater Tairov, and then the Second Moscow Art Theater, a very energetic person, took a piece of paper and wrote down everyone.
On this day, Shchusev Alexey Viktorovich was our guest. And so Moskvin and Geltser turned to Shchusev: “Dear Alexei Viktorovich, build us a cooperative!” And they fell on their knees before him. He says, "Get up, get up!" And agreed.
It was decided under the auspices Art Theater build. When Konstantin Sergeevich was informed about this idea, then, although he already had a mansion in Leontievsky Lane, where he held rehearsals, he also wanted to have an apartment. Of course he was accepted. And in 1928 this house took place. So we all turned out to be residents of the same house - Moskvin, and Kachalov, and Geltser, and Leonidov. And Shchusev himself arranged a workshop for himself, then during the war it came in handy for him as an apartment. Stanislavsky did not live with us, but first placed his secretary, and then his daughter, Kira Konstantinovna, who at one time was the wife of the artist Falk.
We traveled a lot around Moscow, looking for a place, and, by the way, they took me with them. We stopped at Bryusovsky Lane, because it is very close to the Art Theater - obliquely across Tverskaya, and close to Stanislavsky's house. This lane was named so not in honor of Valery Bryusov, the poet, as most people think, but by the name of Bruce, General of the Army of Peter I, the homeowner.
In Bryusovsky lane, paved with cobblestones, crooked and humpbacked, the architect Rerberg, the author of the Central Telegraph and the Kiev railway station, built the cooperative “Meyerhold House” before us - he lived there with Zinaida Reich until his arrest; actors Bersenev, Ktorov, Giatsintova lived in the same house. Then there was ours. And a few years later - the cooperative of the Bolshoi Theater.
When Shchusev made a project and came to approve it, he was told: “It is impossible! You are building a five-story building. And according to our state plan for the restructuring of Moscow, a maximum of four can be built in lanes. He thought and thought and thought. He made the house a ledge, the letter "g". From the facade - four floors, from the courtyard - five. If you look from Bryusovsky, as if along the roof to the “back” fifth floor there was a huge balcony where they were going to arrange summer garden. Over time, they forgot about the garden, but our famous balcony turned out.
In addition, Kachalov said that he needed by all means ... a window in the toilet. Because he is used to learning his roles there. And Shchusev went for it - he broke the harmony of the facade and made an additional window on one floor. If only Vasily Ivanovich could teach roles there. And also, at the request of Geltser, Shchusev made her a bath with a pool. The pool came out like a modern double bed…
Our cooperative was called DISK - "Artists". At that time, all sorts of abbreviations of words were already in vogue. I remember that at that time there was such an anecdote in Moscow. A man comes up, thinks: “ENTRY. All-Union ... artistic ... what is it? And it says "entrance"!
Moskvin insisted that there be a church service at the laying of the stone. Everyone immediately decided that the second floor - it was considered the most ceremonial - would be given to Stanislavsky, the rest drew lots. We got the fifth floor.
It was interesting to watch how our house was being built, and we went many times: to the laying of the stone, and to digging a hole for the foundation, and to the construction site. Someone, perhaps, still remembers from childhood: there were houses “in the forests”, such unfeathered boards, with all the splinters in the world. When you walk, it staggers under your feet, there are no real railings ... And since we already knew that we would live high, we tried to get to our floor. It was very scary - there were such cracks in the floor! But they walked, looked, even the parents showed: “You see this window - your room will be here.”
2) About house 21 (where Sukhovo-Kobylin lived) - Elena Yakovich, Daughter of the philosopher Shpet in the film by Elena Yakovich. The full version of the memoirs of Marina Gustavovna Storkh (2014):
“I remember Sukhovo-Kobylin’s house in Bryusovsky Lane, we were very afraid of him, because we knew that there, in the front door, a long time ago there was a mysterious murder, in which Sukhovo-Kobylin was accused, and he wrote “Krechinsky’s Wedding” in prison '.'
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