Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. Dubrovsky
* VOLUME ONE *
CHAPTER I
Several years ago, an old Russian gentleman, Kirila Petrovich Troekurov, lived in one of his estates. His wealth, noble family and connections gave him great weight in the provinces where his estate was located. The neighbors were glad to cater to his slightest whims; provincial officials trembled at his name; Kirila Petrovich accepted signs of servility as a proper tribute; his house was always full of guests, ready to amuse his lordly idleness, sharing his noisy and sometimes violent amusements. No one dared to refuse his invitation, or famous days not to appear with due respect in the village of Pokrovskoye. In domestic life, Kirila Petrovich showed all the vices of an uneducated person. Spoiled by everything that only surrounded him, he was accustomed to give full rein to all the impulses of his ardent disposition and all the undertakings of a rather limited mind. Despite the extraordinary strength of his physical abilities, he suffered from gluttony twice a week and was tipsy every evening. In one of the outbuildings of his house, 16 maids lived, doing needlework typical of their gender. The windows in the wing were barred with wooden bars; the doors were locked with locks, for which the keys were kept by Kiril Petrovich. Young hermits, at the appointed hours, went into the garden and walked under the supervision of two old women. From time to time, Kirila Petrovich married off some of them as husbands, and new ones took their place. He dealt with peasants and serfs sternly and capriciously; in spite of that, they were devoted to him: they conceited themselves with the wealth and glory of their master and, in turn, allowed themselves a lot in relation to their neighbors, hoping for his strong patronage.
Troyekurov's usual occupations consisted of traveling around his vast estates, in lengthy feasts, and in pranks, daily, moreover, invented and the victim of which was usually some new acquaintance; although their old friends did not always avoid them, with the exception of one Andrey Gavrilovich Dubrovsky. This Dubrovsky, a retired lieutenant of the guard, was his closest neighbor and owned seventy souls. Troyekurov, arrogant in his relations with people of the highest rank, respected Dubrovsky, despite his humble state. Once they were comrades in the service, and Troekurov knew from experience the impatience and determination of his character. Circumstances separated them for a long time. Dubrovsky, in an upset state, was forced to retire and settle in the rest of his village. Kirila Petrovich, having learned about this, offered him his patronage, but Dubrovsky thanked him and remained poor and independent. A few years later, Troekurov, a retired general-in-chief, arrived at his estate, they saw each other and were delighted with each other. Since then, they have been together every day, and Kirila Petrovich, who never deigned to visit anyone, simply stopped by his old comrade's house. Being the same age, born in the same class, brought up the same way, they partly resembled both in characters and inclinations. In some respects, their fate was the same: both married for love, both were soon widowed, both had a child. - Dubrovsky's son was brought up in St. Petersburg, Kiril Petrovich's daughter grew up in the eyes of a parent, and Troekurov often said to Dubrovsky: “Listen, brother, Andrei Gavrilovich: if there is a way in your Volodya, then I will give Masha for him; for nothing that he is naked as a falcon. Andrei Gavrilovich shook his head and usually answered: “No, Kirila Petrovich: my Volodya is not Maria Kirilovna's fiancé. It is better for a poor nobleman, what he is, to marry a poor noblewoman, and be the head of the house, than to become the clerk of a spoiled woman.
Everyone envied the harmony that reigned between the arrogant Troyekurov and his poor neighbor, and marveled at the courage of this latter, when he directly expressed his opinion at Kiril Petrovich's table, not caring whether it contradicted the opinions of the owner. Some tried to imitate him and go beyond the bounds of due obedience, but Kirila Petrovich frightened them so much that they forever discouraged them from such attempts, and Dubrovsky alone remained outside. common law. An accident upset and changed everything.
Once, at the beginning of autumn, Kirila Petrovich was getting ready for a field away. The day before, an order had been given to the kennel and aspirants to be ready by five o'clock in the morning. The tent and kitchen were sent forward to the place where Kirila Petrovich was to dine. The owner and guests went to the kennel, where more than five hundred hounds and greyhounds lived in contentment and warmth, glorifying the generosity of Kiril Petrovich in their dog language. There was also an infirmary for sick dogs, under the supervision of the head doctor Timoshka, and a department where noble females whelped and fed their puppies. Kirila Petrovich was proud of this wonderful establishment, and never missed an opportunity to show off it to his guests, each of whom had visited it at least for the twentieth time. He paced around the kennel, surrounded by his guests and accompanied by Timoshka and the chief kennels; he stopped in front of some kanuras, now inquiring about the health of the patients, now making remarks more or less strict and fair, now calling familiar dogs to him and talking to them affectionately. The guests considered it their duty to admire Kiril Petrovich's kennel. Only Dubrovsky was silent and frowning. He was an ardent hunter. His condition allowed him to keep only two hounds and one pack of greyhounds; he could not help feeling some envy at the sight of this magnificent establishment. “Why are you frowning, brother,” Kirila Petrovich asked him, “or do you not like my kennel?” “No,” he answered sternly, “the kennel is wonderful, it is unlikely that your people live the same as your dogs.” One of the psars was offended. “We don’t complain about our life,” he said, “thanks to God and the gentleman - and what’s true is true, it would not be bad for another and a nobleman to exchange the estate for any local kanurka. “He would have been better fed and warmer.” Kirila Petrovich laughed out loud at the impudent remark of his serf, and the guests burst out laughing after him, although they felt that the kennel's joke could apply to them as well. Dubrovsky turned pale and did not say a word. At this time, newborn puppies were brought to Kiril Petrovich in a basket - he took care of them, chose two for himself, and ordered the rest to be drowned. Meanwhile Andrei Gavrilovich disappeared without anyone noticing.
Returning with the guests from the kennel, Kirila Petrovich sat down to supper, and only then, not seeing Dubrovsky, missed him. People answered that Andrei Gavrilovich had gone home. Troekurov ordered to immediately overtake him and bring him back without fail. From his birth, he never went hunting without Dubrovsky, an experienced and subtle connoisseur of canine virtues and an unmistakable resolver of all kinds of hunting disputes. The servant who had galloped after him returned as they were still sitting at the table, and reported to his master that Andrei Gavrilovich had not obeyed and did not want to return. Kirila Petrovich, inflamed with liqueurs as usual, became angry and sent the same servant a second time to tell Andrei Gavrilovich that if he did not immediately come to spend the night in Pokrovskoye, then he, Troyekurov, would quarrel with him forever. The servant galloped again, Kirila Petrovich, got up from the table, dismissed the guests, and went to bed.
The next day his first question was: Is Andrei Gavrilovich here? Instead of answering, they gave him a letter folded in a triangle; Kirila Petrovich ordered his clerk to read it aloud - and heard the following:
My merciful sovereign,
Until then, I do not intend to go to Pokrovskoye until you send me the kennel Paramoshka with a confession; but it will be my will to punish him or pardon him, but I do not intend to endure jokes from your lackeys, and I will not endure them from you either - because I am not a jester, but an old nobleman. - For this I remain obedient to the services
Andrey Dubrovsky.
According to present-day notions of etiquette, this letter would have been very indecent, but it angered Kiril Petrovich not by its strange style and disposition, but only by its essence: free to pardon them, punish them! What was he really up to? does he know who he's talking to? Here I am him ... He will cry with me, he will find out what it is like to go to Troekurov!
Kirila Petrovich put on his clothes and went out hunting with his usual pomp, but the hunt failed. All day long they saw only one hare, and that one was poisoned. Dinner in the field under the tent also failed, or at least was not to the taste of Kiril Petrovich, who killed the cook, scolded the guests, and on his way back, with all his desire, purposely drove through the fields of Dubrovsky.
Several days passed, and the enmity between the two neighbors did not subside. Andrei Gavrilovich did not return to Pokrovskoye - Kirila Petrovich missed him, and his annoyance poured out loudly in the most insulting terms, which, thanks to the zeal of the nobles there, reached Dubrovsky, corrected and supplemented. The new circumstance destroyed and last hope for reconciliation.
Dubrovsky once went round his small estate; approaching a birch grove, he heard the blows of an ax, and a minute later the crack of a fallen tree. He hurried into the grove and ran into the Pokrovsky peasants, who were calmly stealing wood from him. Seeing him, they rushed to run. Dubrovsky and his coachman caught two of them and brought them bound to his yard. Three enemy horses immediately fell into prey to the winner. Dubrovsky was superbly angry, never before had Troyekurov's people, the well-known robbers, dared to play pranks within the limits of his possessions, knowing his friendly connection with their master. Dubrovsky saw that they were now taking advantage of the gap that had occurred - and he decided, contrary to all notions of the right of war, to teach his captives a lesson with the rods that they stocked up in his own grove, and put the horses to work, assigning them to the lord's cattle.
The rumor of this incident reached Kiril Petrovich the same day. He lost his temper and in the first moment of anger wanted to attack Kistenevka (that was the name of his neighbor's village), with all his yard servants, to ruin it to the ground, and to lay siege to the landowner himself in his estate. Such feats were not unusual for him. But his thoughts soon took a different direction.
Walking with heavy steps up and down the hall, he accidentally looked out the window and saw a troika stopped at the gate - small man in a leather cap and a frieze overcoat, he got out of the cart and went to the outhouse to the clerk; Troyekurov recognized assessor Shabashkin and ordered him to be called. A minute later Shabashkin was already standing in front of Kiril Petrovich, bow after bow, and reverently awaiting his orders.
“Great, what’s your name,” Troyekurov told him, “why did you come here?”
“I was on my way to the city, Your Excellency,” replied Shabashkin, “and I went to Ivan Demyanov to find out if there would be any order from Your Excellency.
- Very opportunely stopped by, what's your name; I need you. Drink vodka and listen.
Such an affectionate reception pleasantly surprised the assessor. He refused vodka and began to listen to Kiril Petrovich with all possible attention.
“I have a neighbor,” said Troyekurov, “a small-town rude man; I want to take the estate from him - what do you think about that?
“Your Excellency, if there are any documents, or—”
- You're lying, brother, what documents do you need. There are orders for that. That is the strength to take away the property without any right. Stay, however. This estate once belonged to us, it was bought from some Spitsyn, and then sold to Dubrovsky's father. Isn't it possible to complain about this.
- It's wise, Your Excellency, this sale is probably done legally.
- Think, brother, look carefully.
- If, for example, your Excellency could somehow get from your neighbor a note or bill of sale, by virtue of which he owns his estate, then of course ...
- I understand, but that's the trouble - all his papers burned down during the fire.
- How, Your Excellency, his papers burned! what is better for you? - in this case, please act according to the laws, and without any doubt you will receive your perfect pleasure.
- You think? Well, look. I rely on your diligence, and you can be sure of my gratitude.
Shabashkin bowed almost to the ground, went out, from the same day began to fuss about the planned business, and thanks to his agility, exactly two weeks later, Dubrovsky received an invitation from the city to immediately deliver proper explanations about his ownership of the village of Kistenevka.
Andrei Gavrilovich, amazed at the unexpected request, on the same day wrote in response to a rather rude attitude, in which he announced that he had inherited the village of Kistenevka after the death of his deceased parent, that he owns it by right of inheritance, that Troekurov has nothing to do with him, and that any extraneous claim to this property of his is a sneak and a fraud.
This letter produced a very pleasant impression in the soul of assessor Shabashkin. He saw, firstly, that Dubrovsky knew little about business, and secondly, that it would not be difficult to put a man so ardent and imprudent in the most disadvantageous position.
Andrey Gavrilovich, having considered in cold blood the requests of the assessor, saw the need to answer in more detail. He wrote a rather efficient paper, but later turned out to be insufficient time.
The case began to drag on. Confident in his rightness, Andrei Gavrilovich worried little about him, had neither the desire nor the opportunity to pour money around him, and although he used to be always the first to mock the corrupt conscience of the ink tribe, the thought of becoming a victim of a sneak did not occur to him. For his part, Troekurov cared just as little about winning the business he had started - Shabashkin was fussing for him, acting on his behalf, intimidating and bribing judges and interpreting all sorts of decrees in a twisted and true way. Be that as it may, on February 9, 18 ..., Dubrovsky received an invitation through the city police to appear before the ** Zemstvo judge to hear the decision of this on the case of the disputed estate between him, Lieutenant Dubrovsky, and General-in-Chief Troekurov, and to sign his pleasure or displeasure. On the same day, Dubrovsky went to the city; Troekurov overtook him on the road. They looked proudly at each other, and Dubrovsky noticed an evil smile on his opponent's face.
CHAPTER II.
Arriving in the city, Andrey Gavrilovich stopped at a merchant friend, spent the night with him, and the next morning appeared in the presence of the district court. Nobody paid any attention to him. Following him came Kirila Petrovich. The clerks stood up and put the feathers behind their ears. The members greeted him with expressions of deep subservience, moved him chairs out of respect for his rank, years and corpulence; he sat down at open doors- Andrey Gavrilovich stood leaning against the wall - there was a deep silence, and the secretary ringing voice began to read the ruling of the court.
We place it completely, believing that it will be pleasant for everyone to see one of the ways in which we can lose property in Rus', the possession of which we have an indisputable right to.
On October 18, on the 27th of the day, ** the county court considered the case of the improper possession of the guards by lieutenant Andrey Gavrilov, son of the Dubrovsky estate, owned by general-in-chief Kiril Petrov, son of Troekurov, consisting of ** province in the village of Kistenevka, male ** souls, and lands with meadows and land ** acres. From which case it is clear: the aforementioned general-in-chief Troekurov of the past 18 ... June 9 days went to this court with a petition that his late father, a collegiate assessor and cavalier Pyotr Efimov, the son of Troekurov, in the 17 ... year of August 14 days, who served in at that time in the ** vicegerent government as a provincial secretary, he bought from the nobles from the clerk Fadey Yegorov, the son of Spitsyn, an estate consisting of ** districts in the aforementioned village of Kistenevka (which the village was then called Kistenevsky settlements according to ** revision), all listed according to the 4th revision of the muzheska sex ** souls with all their peasant property, the estate, with plowed and unplowed land, forests, hay meadows, fishing along the river called Kistenevka, and with all the land belonging to this estate and the master's wooden house, and in a word, everything without a trace, that after his father, from the nobles of the constable Yegor Terentyev, the son of Spitsyn was inherited and was in his possession, leaving not a single soul from the people, and not a single quadruple from the earth, at a price of 2,500 r. , for which the bill of sale was made on the same day in the ** chamber of the court and reprisals were made, and his father on the same day of August, on the 26th day **, was taken into possession by the Zemstvo court and a refusal was made for him. - And finally, on September 17, on the 6th day, his father, by the will of God, died, and meanwhile he was the petitioner, General-in-Chief Troekurov, from 17 ... almost from childhood he was in military service and for the most part was on campaigns abroad, which is why he could not have information about the death of his father, as well as about the estate left after him. Now, after completely retiring from that service and returning to his father’s estates, consisting of ** and ** provinces **, ** and ** counties, in different villages, up to 3,000 souls in total, he finds that from among such estates with the aforementioned ** souls (of which, according to the current ** revision, there are only ** souls in that village) with the land and with all the land, Lieutenant Andrei Dubrovsky, the above-mentioned guard, owns without any fortifications, why, presenting at this request that genuine bill of sale given to his father his seller Spitsyn, asks, having taken away the aforementioned estate from the wrong possession of Dubrovsky, to give according to ownership to Troekurov’s full disposal. And for the unfair appropriation of this, from which he used the income received, upon initiating a proper inquiry about them, to put from him, Dubrovsky, the penalty following the laws and satisfy him, Troyekurov.
According to the order of the Zemstvo Court, according to this request for research, it was discovered that the aforementioned current owner of the disputed estate of the Guards, Lieutenant Dubrovsky, gave an explanation to the noble assessor on the spot that the estate he now owns, consisting in the aforementioned village of Kistenevka, ** souls with land and lands, went to to him by inheritance after the death of his father, artillery lieutenant Gavril Evgrafov, son of Dubrovsky, and he received from the purchase from this petitioner's father, formerly a former provincial secretary, and then a collegiate assessor Troekurov, by proxy given from him in 17 ... August 30 days, testified in the ** county court, to the titular adviser Grigory Vasiliev son Sobolev, according to which there should be a bill of sale from him for this estate to his father, because it says that he, Troekurov, all the estate he inherited from the clerk Spitsyn by the bill of sale, * * soul with land, sold to his father Dubrovsky, and the money following the agreement, 3200 rubles, all in full from his father without return, he received and asked this trusted Sobolev to give his father his decreed fortress.
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. Dubrovsky
* VOLUME ONE *
Several years ago, an old Russian gentleman, Kirila Petrovich Troekurov, lived in one of his estates. His wealth, noble family and connections gave him great weight in the provinces where his estate was located. The neighbors were glad to cater to his slightest whims; provincial officials trembled at his name; Kirila Petrovich accepted signs of servility as a proper tribute; his house was always full of guests, ready to amuse his lordly idleness, sharing his noisy and sometimes violent amusements. No one dared to refuse his invitation, or on certain days not to appear with due respect in the village of Pokrovskoye. In domestic life, Kirila Petrovich showed all the vices of an uneducated person. Spoiled by everything that only surrounded him, he was accustomed to give full rein to all the impulses of his ardent disposition and all the undertakings of a rather limited mind. Despite the extraordinary strength of his physical abilities, he suffered from gluttony twice a week and was tipsy every evening. In one of the outbuildings of his house, 16 maids lived, doing needlework typical of their gender. The windows in the wing were barred with wooden bars; the doors were locked with locks, for which the keys were kept by Kiril Petrovich. Young hermits, at the appointed hours, went into the garden and walked under the supervision of two old women. From time to time, Kirila Petrovich married off some of them as husbands, and new ones took their place. He dealt with peasants and serfs sternly and capriciously; in spite of that, they were devoted to him: they conceited themselves with the wealth and glory of their master and, in turn, allowed themselves a lot in relation to their neighbors, hoping for his strong patronage.
Troyekurov's usual occupations consisted of traveling around his vast estates, in lengthy feasts, and in pranks, daily, moreover, invented and the victim of which was usually some new acquaintance; although their old friends did not always avoid them, with the exception of one Andrey Gavrilovich Dubrovsky. This Dubrovsky, a retired lieutenant of the guard, was his closest neighbor and owned seventy souls. Troyekurov, arrogant in his relations with people of the highest rank, respected Dubrovsky, despite his humble state. Once they were comrades in the service, and Troekurov knew from experience the impatience and determination of his character. Circumstances separated them for a long time. Dubrovsky, in an upset state, was forced to retire and settle in the rest of his village. Kirila Petrovich, having learned about this, offered him his patronage, but Dubrovsky thanked him and remained poor and independent. A few years later, Troekurov, a retired general-in-chief, arrived at his estate, they saw each other and were delighted with each other. Since then, they have been together every day, and Kirila Petrovich, who never deigned to visit anyone, simply stopped by his old comrade's house. Being the same age, born in the same class, brought up the same way, they partly resembled both in characters and inclinations. In some respects, their fate was the same: both married for love, both were soon widowed, both had a child. - Dubrovsky's son was brought up in St. Petersburg, Kiril Petrovich's daughter grew up in the eyes of a parent, and Troekurov often said to Dubrovsky: “Listen, brother, Andrei Gavrilovich: if there is a way in your Volodya, then I will give Masha for him; for nothing that he is naked as a falcon. Andrei Gavrilovich shook his head and usually answered: “No, Kirila Petrovich: my Volodya is not Maria Kirilovna's fiancé. It is better for a poor nobleman, what he is, to marry a poor noblewoman, and be the head of the house, than to become the clerk of a spoiled woman.
Everyone envied the harmony that reigned between the arrogant Troyekurov and his poor neighbor, and marveled at the courage of this latter, when he directly expressed his opinion at Kiril Petrovich's table, not caring whether it contradicted the opinions of the owner. Some tried to imitate him and go beyond the limits of due obedience, but Kirila Petrovich frightened them so much that they forever discouraged them from such attempts, and Dubrovsky alone remained outside the general law. An accident upset and changed everything.
Once, at the beginning of autumn, Kirila Petrovich was getting ready for a field away. The day before, an order had been given to the kennel and aspirants to be ready by five o'clock in the morning. The tent and kitchen were sent forward to the place where Kirila Petrovich was to dine. The owner and guests went to the kennel, where more than five hundred hounds and greyhounds lived in contentment and warmth, glorifying the generosity of Kiril Petrovich in their dog language. There was also an infirmary for sick dogs, under the supervision of the head doctor Timoshka, and a department where noble females whelped and fed their puppies. Kirila Petrovich was proud of this wonderful establishment, and never missed an opportunity to show off it to his guests, each of whom had visited it at least for the twentieth time. He paced around the kennel, surrounded by his guests and accompanied by Timoshka and the chief kennels; he stopped in front of some kanuras, now inquiring about the health of the patients, now making remarks more or less strict and fair, now calling familiar dogs to him and talking to them affectionately. The guests considered it their duty to admire Kiril Petrovich's kennel. Only Dubrovsky was silent and frowning. He was an ardent hunter. His condition allowed him to keep only two hounds and one pack of greyhounds; he could not help feeling some envy at the sight of this magnificent establishment. “Why are you frowning, brother,” Kirila Petrovich asked him, “or do you not like my kennel?” “No,” he answered sternly, “the kennel is wonderful, it is unlikely that your people live the same as your dogs.” One of the psars was offended. “We don’t complain about our life,” he said, “thanks to God and the gentleman - and what’s true is true, it would not be bad for another and a nobleman to exchange the estate for any local kanurka. “He would have been better fed and warmer.” Kirila Petrovich laughed out loud at the impudent remark of his serf, and the guests burst out laughing after him, although they felt that the kennel's joke could apply to them as well. Dubrovsky turned pale and did not say a word. At this time, newborn puppies were brought to Kiril Petrovich in a basket - he took care of them, chose two for himself, and ordered the rest to be drowned. Meanwhile Andrei Gavrilovich disappeared without anyone noticing.
Returning with the guests from the kennel, Kirila Petrovich sat down to supper, and only then, not seeing Dubrovsky, missed him. People answered that Andrei Gavrilovich had gone home. Troekurov ordered to immediately overtake him and bring him back without fail. From his birth, he never went hunting without Dubrovsky, an experienced and subtle connoisseur of canine virtues and an unmistakable resolver of all kinds of hunting disputes. The servant who had galloped after him returned as they were still sitting at the table, and reported to his master that Andrei Gavrilovich had not obeyed and did not want to return. Kirila Petrovich, inflamed with liqueurs as usual, became angry and sent the same servant a second time to tell Andrei Gavrilovich that if he did not immediately come to spend the night in Pokrovskoye, then he, Troyekurov, would quarrel with him forever. The servant galloped again, Kirila Petrovich, got up from the table, dismissed the guests, and went to bed.
My merciful sovereign,
Until then, I do not intend to go to Pokrovskoye until you send me the kennel Paramoshka with a confession; but it will be my will to punish him or pardon him, but I do not intend to endure jokes from your lackeys, and I will not endure them from you either - because I am not a jester, but an old nobleman. - For this I remain obedient to the services
Andrey Dubrovsky.
According to present-day notions of etiquette, this letter would have been very indecent, but it angered Kiril Petrovich not by its strange style and disposition, but only by its essence: free to pardon them, punish them! What was he really up to? does he know who he's talking to? Here I am him ... He will cry with me, he will find out what it is like to go to Troekurov!
Kirila Petrovich put on his clothes and went out hunting with his usual pomp, but the hunt failed. All day long they saw only one hare, and that one was poisoned. Dinner in the field under the tent also failed, or at least was not to the taste of Kiril Petrovich, who killed the cook, scolded the guests, and on his way back, with all his desire, purposely drove through the fields of Dubrovsky.
Several days passed, and the enmity between the two neighbors did not subside. Andrei Gavrilovich did not return to Pokrovskoye - Kirila Petrovich missed him, and his annoyance poured out loudly in the most insulting terms, which, thanks to the zeal of the nobles there, reached Dubrovsky, corrected and supplemented. The new circumstance also destroyed the last hope for reconciliation.
Dubrovsky once went round his small estate; approaching a birch grove, he heard the blows of an ax, and a minute later the crack of a fallen tree. He hurried into the grove and ran into the Pokrovsky peasants, who were calmly stealing wood from him. Seeing him, they rushed to run. Dubrovsky and his coachman caught two of them and brought them bound to his yard. Three enemy horses immediately fell into prey to the winner. Dubrovsky was superbly angry, never before had Troyekurov's people, the well-known robbers, dared to play pranks within the limits of his possessions, knowing his friendly connection with their master. Dubrovsky saw that they were now taking advantage of the gap that had occurred - and he decided, contrary to all notions of the right of war, to teach his captives a lesson with the rods that they stocked up in his own grove, and put the horses to work, assigning them to the lord's cattle.
The rumor of this incident reached Kiril Petrovich the same day. He lost his temper and in the first moment of anger wanted to attack Kistenevka (that was the name of his neighbor's village), with all his yard servants, to ruin it to the ground, and to lay siege to the landowner himself in his estate. Such feats were not unusual for him. But his thoughts soon took a different direction.
Walking with heavy steps up and down the hall, he accidentally looked out the window and saw a troika stopped at the gate - a small man in a leather cap and a frieze overcoat got out of the cart and went into the wing to the clerk; Troyekurov recognized assessor Shabashkin and ordered him to be called. A minute later Shabashkin was already standing in front of Kiril Petrovich, bow after bow, and reverently awaiting his orders.
“Great, what’s your name,” Troyekurov told him, “why did you come here?”
“I was on my way to the city, Your Excellency,” replied Shabashkin, “and I went to Ivan Demyanov to find out if there would be any order from Your Excellency.
- Very opportunely stopped by, what's your name; I need you. Drink vodka and listen.
Such an affectionate reception pleasantly surprised the assessor. He refused vodka and began to listen to Kiril Petrovich with all possible attention.
“I have a neighbor,” said Troyekurov, “a small-town rude man; I want to take the estate from him - what do you think about that?
“Your Excellency, if there are any documents, or—”
- You're lying, brother, what documents do you need. There are orders for that. That is the strength to take away the property without any right. Stay, however. This estate once belonged to us, it was bought from some Spitsyn, and then sold to Dubrovsky's father. Isn't it possible to complain about this.
- It is wise, Your Excellency, probably this sale was made legally.
- Think, brother, look carefully.
- If, for example, your Excellency could somehow get from your neighbor a note or bill of sale, by virtue of which he owns his estate, then of course ...
- I understand, but that's the trouble - all his papers burned down during the fire.
- How, Your Excellency, his papers burned! what is better for you? - in this case, please act according to the laws, and without any doubt you will receive your perfect pleasure.
- You think? Well, look. I rely on your diligence, and you can be sure of my gratitude.
Shabashkin bowed almost to the ground, went out, from the same day began to fuss about the planned business, and thanks to his agility, exactly two weeks later, Dubrovsky received an invitation from the city to immediately deliver proper explanations about his ownership of the village of Kistenevka.
Andrei Gavrilovich, amazed at the unexpected request, on the same day wrote in response to a rather rude attitude, in which he announced that he had inherited the village of Kistenevka after the death of his deceased parent, that he owns it by right of inheritance, that Troekurov has nothing to do with him, and that any extraneous claim to this property of his is a sneak and a fraud.
This letter made a very pleasant impression in the soul of assessor Shabashkin. He saw, firstly, that Dubrovsky knew little about business, and secondly, that it would not be difficult to put a man so ardent and imprudent in the most disadvantageous position.
Andrey Gavrilovich, having considered in cold blood the requests of the assessor, saw the need to answer in more detail. He wrote a rather efficient paper, but later turned out to be insufficient time.
The case began to drag on. Confident in his rightness, Andrei Gavrilovich worried little about him, had neither the desire nor the opportunity to pour money around him, and although he used to be always the first to mock the corrupt conscience of the ink tribe, the thought of becoming a victim of a sneak did not occur to him. For his part, Troekurov cared just as little about winning the business he had started - Shabashkin was fussing for him, acting on his behalf, intimidating and bribing judges and interpreting all sorts of decrees in a twisted and true way. Be that as it may, on February 9, 18 ..., Dubrovsky received an invitation through the city police to appear before the ** Zemstvo judge to hear the decision of this on the case of the disputed estate between him, Lieutenant Dubrovsky, and General-in-Chief Troekurov, and to sign his pleasure or displeasure. On the same day, Dubrovsky went to the city; Troekurov overtook him on the road. They looked proudly at each other, and Dubrovsky noticed an evil smile on his opponent's face.
Arriving in the city, Andrey Gavrilovich stopped at a merchant friend, spent the night with him, and the next morning appeared in the presence of the district court. Nobody paid any attention to him. Following him came Kirila Petrovich. The clerks stood up and put the feathers behind their ears. The members greeted him with expressions of deep subservience, moved him chairs out of respect for his rank, years and corpulence; he sat down with the doors open, - Andrey Gavrilovich stood leaning against the wall - there was a deep silence, and the secretary began to read the court ruling in a ringing voice.
We place it completely, believing that it will be pleasant for everyone to see one of the ways in which we can lose property in Rus', the possession of which we have an indisputable right to.
On October 18, on the 27th of the day, ** the county court considered the case of the improper possession of the guards by lieutenant Andrey Gavrilov, son of the Dubrovsky estate, owned by general-in-chief Kiril Petrov, son of Troekurov, consisting of ** province in the village of Kistenevka, male ** souls, and lands with meadows and land ** acres. From which case it is clear: the aforementioned general-in-chief Troekurov of the past 18 ... June 9 days went to this court with a petition that his late father, a collegiate assessor and cavalier Pyotr Efimov, the son of Troekurov, in the 17 ... year of August 14 days, who served in at that time in the ** vicegerent government as a provincial secretary, he bought from the nobles from the clerk Fadey Yegorov, the son of Spitsyn, an estate consisting of ** districts in the aforementioned village of Kistenevka (which the village was then called Kistenevsky settlements according to ** revision), all listed according to the 4th revision of the muzheska sex ** souls with all their peasant property, the estate, with plowed and unplowed land, forests, hay meadows, fishing along the river called Kistenevka, and with all the land belonging to this estate and the master's wooden house, and in a word, everything without a trace, that after his father, from the nobles of the constable Yegor Terentyev, the son of Spitsyn was inherited and was in his possession, not leaving a single soul from the people, and not a single quadruple from the land, at a price of 2,500 rubles, for which the bill of sale in that the same day in the ** chamber of the court and reprisals were committed, and his father on the same day of August on the 26th day ** was taken into possession by the Zemstvo court and a refusal was made for him. - And finally, on September 17, on the 6th day, his father died by the will of God, and meanwhile he was a petitioner General-in-Chief Troekurov from 17 ... almost from childhood he was in military service and for the most part was on campaigns abroad, which is why he could not have information about the death of his father, as well as about the estate left after him. Now, after completely retiring from that service and returning to his father’s estates, consisting of ** and ** provinces **, ** and ** counties, in different villages, up to 3,000 souls in total, he finds that from among such estates with the aforementioned ** souls (of which, according to the current ** revision, there are only ** souls in that village) with the land and with all the land, Lieutenant Andrei Dubrovsky, the above-mentioned guard, owns without any fortifications, why, presenting at this request that genuine bill of sale given to his father his seller Spitsyn, asks, having taken away the aforementioned estate from the wrong possession of Dubrovsky, to give according to ownership to Troekurov’s full disposal. And for the unfair appropriation of this, from which he used the income received, upon initiating a proper inquiry about them, to put from him, Dubrovsky, the penalty following the laws and satisfy him, Troyekurov.
According to the order of the Zemstvo Court, according to this request for research, it was discovered that the aforementioned current owner of the disputed estate of the Guards, Lieutenant Dubrovsky, gave an explanation to the noble assessor on the spot that the estate he now owns, consisting in the aforementioned village of Kistenevka, ** souls with land and lands, went to to him by inheritance after the death of his father, artillery lieutenant Gavril Evgrafov, son of Dubrovsky, and he received from the purchase from this petitioner's father, formerly a former provincial secretary, and then a collegiate assessor Troekurov, by proxy given from him in 17 ... August 30 days, testified in the ** county court, to the titular adviser Grigory Vasiliev son Sobolev, according to which there should be a bill of sale from him for this estate to his father, because it says that he, Troekurov, all the estate he inherited from the clerk Spitsyn by the bill of sale, * * soul with land, sold to his father Dubrovsky, and the money following the agreement, 3200 rubles, all in full from his father without return, he received and asked this trusted Sobolev to give his father his decreed fortress. And meanwhile, his father, in the same power of attorney, on the occasion of paying the entire amount, to own that estate purchased from him and dispose of it until the completion of this fortress, as the real owner, and he, the seller Troekurov, henceforth and no one will intercede in that estate. But when exactly and in what public place such a bill of sale from the attorney Sobolev was given to his father, he, Andrei Dubrovsky, is not known, because at that time he was in complete infancy, and after the death of his father he could not find such a fortress, but believes that didn’t it burn down with other papers and the estate during the fire in their house in 17 ..., which was also known to the inhabitants of that village. And that from the date of the sale by Troekurov or the issuance of a power of attorney to Sobolev, that is, from 17 ... years, and after the death of his father from 17 ... years to this day, they, the Dubrovskys, undeniably owned, is evidenced by roundabout residents - who, in total, 52 man, on questioning under oath, they showed that indeed, as they can remember, the aforementioned disputed estate began to be owned by the aforementioned years. The Dubrovskys back this year from 70 without any dispute from anyone, but they don’t know by what act or fortress. – The former buyer of this estate mentioned in this case, the former provincial secretary Pyotr Troyekurov, whether he owned this estate, they will not remember. The house is y.g. Dubrovsky, about 30 years ago, from a fire that happened in their village at night, it burned down, and third-party people admitted that the aforementioned disputed estate could bring income, believing since that time in difficulty, annually not less than 2000 rubles.
Opposite to this, General-in-Chief Kirila Petrov, son of the Troekurovs, on the 3rd of January of this year, went to this court with a petition that, although Lieutenant Andrei Dubrovsky, mentioned by the Guards, submitted during the investigation, to this case, issued by his late father Gavril Dubrovsky to titular adviser Sobolev, a power of attorney for the sold to him the estate, but according to this, not only with a genuine bill of sale, but even for ever making it, he did not provide any clear evidence of the force of the general regulations of chapter 19 and the decree of November 29, 1752, on 29 days. Consequently, the very power of attorney is now, after the death of the giver of it, his father, by decree of May 1818 ... the day, completely destroyed. - And on top of that - it was ordered to give the disputed estates into possession - serfs by fortresses, and not serfs by search.
On what estate paternal him, a serf deed was already presented from him as evidence, according to which, on the basis of the aforementioned legalizations, taking away the aforementioned Dubrovsky from the wrong possession, give it to him by right of inheritance. And as the aforementioned landlords, having in possession of an estate that did not belong to them and without any strengthening, and used from it incorrectly and income that did not belong to them, then after calculating how many of those would be due according to strength ... .. recover from the landowner Dubrovsky and him, Troekurov, satisfy them. - After consideration of which case and the extract made from it and from the laws in the ** county court, IT IS DETERMINED:
As can be seen from this case, that General-in-Chief Kirila Petrov, son of Troekurov, on the aforementioned disputed estate, which is now in the possession of the Guard Lieutenant Andrei Gavrilov, son of Dubrovsky, consisting in the village of Kistenevka, according to the current ... revision of the entire male sex ** souls, with land and land, presented a genuine bill of sale for the sale of this to his late father, a provincial secretary, who later was a collegiate assessor, in 17 ... from the nobility to the clerk Fadey Spitsyn, and that, in addition to this, this buyer, Troekurov, as it can be seen from the inscription made on that bill of sale, was in the same year, ** was taken into possession by the Zemstvo court, which the estate was already denied for him, and although contrary to this, a power of attorney was presented by the guard, Lieutenant Andrey Dubrovsky, given topics by the deceased bidder Troekurov to the titular adviser Sobolev to make a bill of sale in the name of his father, Dubrovsky, but on such transactions not only to approve serf immovable estates, but even temporarily own by decree ... .. it is forbidden, moreover, the very power of attorney by the death of the giver is completely destroyed . - But in addition to this, it was really made by this power of attorney where and when a deed of sale was made on the said disputed estate, on the part of Dubrovsky, no clear evidence has been presented to the case from the beginning of the proceedings, that is, from 18 ... years, and to this time has not been presented. And therefore, this court believes: the aforementioned estate, ** souls, with land and lands, in what position it will now find itself, to be approved according to the bill of sale submitted for it for General-in-Chief Troekurov on the removal of Lieutenant Dubrovsky’s guard from the order and on the proper entry into possession for him, Mr. Troekurov, and about the refusal for him, as having come down to him by inheritance, to prescribe ** to the Zemstvo court. - And although, in addition to this, general-in-chief Troekurov asks for the recovery from the guards of lieutenant Dubrovsky for the wrongful possession of his hereditary estate, the income used from it. - But how this estate, according to the testimony of old-timers, was owned by the city. The Dubrovskys have been in undisputed possession for several years, and it is not clear from this file that there have been any petitions from Mr. Troekurov to this day about such improper possession of the Dubrovskys of this estate, according to the code, if someone sows someone else's land or fences off the estate , and they will beat him about the wrong possession with a brow, and it’s found out for sure, then to the right to give that land with sown grain, and gorodboi, and buildings, and therefore General-in-Chief Troekurov in the claim expressed on the guards of Lieutenant Dubrovsky to refuse, because belonging to his property is returned to his possession, without taking anything from it. And that when you enter it, everything can turn out to be without a trace, while providing general-general Troekurov, if he has any clear and legal evidence about such a claim, he can ask where it should be especially. - What decision should be announced in advance both to the plaintiff and the defendant, on a legal basis, by the procedure of appeal, whom to summon to this court to hear this decision and sign pleasure or displeasure through the police.
What decision was signed by all present of that court.
The secretary fell silent, the assessor got up and with a low bow turned to Troyekurov, inviting him to sign the proposed paper, and the triumphant Troyekurov, taking a pen from him, signed under the decision of the court his complete pleasure.
The queue was behind Dubrovsky. The secretary handed him the paper. But Dubrovsky became motionless, his head bowed.
The secretary repeated to him his invitation to sign his full and complete pleasure or obvious displeasure, if, more than aspiration, he feels in his conscience that his cause is just, and intends to appeal to the right place at the time prescribed by laws. Dubrovsky was silent... Suddenly he raised his head, his eyes sparkled, he stamped his foot, pushed the secretary away with such force that he fell, and seizing the inkwell, threw it at the assessor. Everyone was horrified. "How! do not honor the church of God! away, boorish tribe! Then, turning to Kiril Petrovich: “I heard a thing, your excellency,” he continued, “houndsmen are introducing dogs into God's church! dogs run around the church. I’ll teach you a lesson already ... ”The watchmen ran to the noise, and they took possession of him by force. They took him out and put him in a sleigh. Troyekurov followed him out, accompanied by the entire court. Dubrovsky's sudden madness had a strong effect on his imagination and poisoned his triumph.
The judges, hoping for his gratitude, did not receive a single friendly word from him. On the same day he went to Pokrovskoye. Dubrovsky, meanwhile, was lying in bed; county doctor, fortunately not a perfect ignoramus, managed to bleed him, attach leeches and Spanish flies. By evening he felt better, the patient came to his memory. The next day they took him to Kistenevka, which almost no longer belonged to him.
Some time passed, and poor Dubrovsky's health was still bad; True, the fits of madness did not resume, but his strength was noticeably weakening. He forgot his previous activities, rarely left his room, and thought for days on end. Yegorovna, the kind old woman who had once taken care of his son, now became his nurse too. She looked after him like a child, reminded him of the time of food and sleep, fed him, put him to bed. Andrei Gavrilovich quietly obeyed her, and had no intercourse with anyone except her. He was unable to think about his affairs, economic orders, and Yegorovna saw the need to notify the young Dubrovsky, who served in one of the guards infantry regiments and was in St. Petersburg at that time, about everything. So, tearing off a sheet from the account book, she dictated to the cook Khariton, the only literate Kistenev, a letter, which on the same day she sent to the city by post.
A few years ago, an old Russian gentleman, Kirila Petrovich Troekurov, lived in one of his estates. His wealth, noble family and connections gave him great weight in the provinces where his estate was located. The neighbors were glad to cater to his slightest whims; provincial officials trembled at his name; Kirila Petrovich accepted signs of servility as a proper tribute; his house was always full of guests, ready to amuse his lordly idleness, sharing his noisy and sometimes violent amusements. No one dared to refuse his invitation or, on certain days, not to appear with due respect in the village of Pokrovskoye. In domestic life, Kirila Petrovich showed all the vices of an uneducated person. Spoiled by everything that only surrounded him, he was accustomed to give full rein to all the impulses of his ardent disposition and all the undertakings of a rather limited mind. Despite the extraordinary strength of his physical abilities, he suffered from gluttony twice a week and was tipsy every evening. In one of the outbuildings of his house, sixteen maids lived, doing needlework peculiar to their sex. The windows in the wing were barred with wooden bars; the doors were locked with locks, for which the keys were kept by Kiril Petrovich. Young hermits at the appointed hours went to the garden and walked under the supervision of two old women. From time to time, Kirila Petrovich gave some of them in marriage, and new ones took their place. He dealt with peasants and serfs sternly and capriciously; despite the fact that they were devoted to him: they conceited the wealth and glory of their master and, in turn, allowed themselves a lot in relation to their neighbors, hoping for his strong patronage.
Troekurov's usual occupations consisted of traveling around his vast estates, in lengthy feasts and pranks, daily, moreover, invented and the victim of which was usually some new acquaintance; although their old friends did not always avoid them, with the exception of one Andrey Gavrilovich Dubrovsky. This Dubrovsky, a retired lieutenant of the guard, was his closest neighbor and owned seventy souls. Troekurov, haughty in dealing with people of the highest rank, respected Dubrovsky, despite his humble state. Once they were comrades in the service, and Troekurov knew from experience the impatience and determination of his character. Circumstances separated them for a long time. Dubrovsky, in an upset state, was forced to retire and settle in the rest of his village. Kirila Petrovich, having learned about this, offered him his patronage, but Dubrovsky thanked him and remained poor and independent. A few years later, Troyekurov, a retired general-in-chief, arrived at his estate; they met and rejoiced at each other. Since then, they have been together every day, and Kirila Petrovich, who never deigned to visit anyone, easily stopped by his old comrade's house. Being the same age, born in the same class, brought up the same way, they partly resembled both in characters and inclinations. In some respects, their fate was the same: both married for love, both were soon widowed, both had a child. Dubrovsky’s son was brought up in St. Petersburg, Kiril Petrovich’s daughter grew up in the eyes of his parent, and Troekurov often said to Dubrovsky: “Listen, brother, Andrei Gavrilovich: if there is a path in your Volodya, then I will give Masha for him; for nothing that he is naked as a falcon. Andrei Gavrilovich shook his head and usually answered: “No, Kirila Petrovich: my Volodya is not Maria Kirilovna's fiancé. It is better for a poor nobleman, what he is, to marry a poor noblewoman and be the head of the house than to become a spoiled woman's clerk.
Everyone envied the harmony that reigned between the arrogant Troyekurov and his poor neighbor, and marveled at the courage of this latter, when he directly expressed his opinion at Kiril Petrovich's table, not caring whether it contradicted the opinions of the owner. Some tried to imitate him and go beyond the bounds of due obedience, but Kirila Petrovich frightened them so much that he forever discouraged them from such attempts, and Dubrovsky alone remained outside the general law. An accident upset and changed everything.
Once, at the beginning of autumn, Kirila Petrovich was getting ready to go to the outfield. The day before, an order had been given to the kennel and aspirants to be ready by five o'clock in the morning. The tent and kitchen were sent forward to the place where Kirila Petrovich was to dine. The owner and guests went to the kennel, where more than five hundred hounds and greyhounds lived in contentment and warmth, glorifying the generosity of Kiril Petrovich in their dog language. There was also an infirmary for sick dogs under the supervision of the head doctor Timoshka and a department where noble females whelped and fed their puppies. Kirila Petrovich was proud of this fine establishment and never missed an opportunity to boast of it to his guests, each of whom had visited it at least for the twentieth time. He paced around the kennel, surrounded by his guests and accompanied by Timoshka and the chief kennels; he stopped in front of some kennels, now inquiring about the health of the sick, now making remarks more or less strict and fair, now calling familiar dogs to him and talking affectionately with them. The guests considered it their duty to admire Kiril Petrovich's kennel. Only Dubrovsky was silent and frowning. He was an ardent hunter. His condition allowed him to keep only two hounds and one pack of greyhounds; he could not help feeling some envy at the sight of this magnificent establishment. “Why are you frowning, brother,” Kirila Petrovich asked him, “or do you not like my kennel?” “No,” he answered sternly, “the kennel is wonderful, it’s unlikely that your people live the same as your dogs.” One of the psars was offended. “We don’t complain about our life,” he said, “thanks to God and the master, and what’s true is true, it would not be bad for another and a nobleman to exchange the estate for any local kennel. He would have been better fed and warmer.” Kirila Petrovich laughed out loud at the impudent remark of his serf, and the guests after him burst out laughing, although they felt that the kennel's joke could apply to them as well. Dubrovsky turned pale and did not say a word. At this time, newborn puppies were brought to Kiril Petrovich in a basket; he took care of them, chose two for himself, and ordered the rest to be drowned. Meanwhile Andrei Gavrilovich disappeared without anyone noticing.
Returning with the guests from the kennel, Kirila Petrovich sat down to supper, and only then, not seeing Dubrovsky, missed him. People answered that Andrei Gavrilovich had gone home. Troekurov ordered to immediately overtake him and bring him back without fail. He never went hunting without Dubrovsky, an experienced and subtle connoisseur of canine virtues and an unmistakable resolver of all kinds of hunting disputes. The servant, who had galloped after him, returned as they were still sitting at the table, and reported to his master that, they say, Andrey Gavrilovich did not obey and did not want to return. Kirila Petrovich, inflamed with liqueurs as usual, became angry and sent the same servant a second time to tell Andrei Gavrilovich that if he did not immediately come to spend the night in Pokrovskoye, then he, Troyekurov, would quarrel with him forever. The servant galloped again, Kirila Petrovich, getting up from the table, dismissed the guests and went to bed.
The next day his first question was: Is Andrei Gavrilovich here? Instead of answering, they gave him a letter folded in a triangle; Kirila Petrovich ordered his clerk to read it aloud and heard the following:
"My merciful lord,
Until then, I do not intend to go to Pokrovskoye until you send me the kennel Paramoshka with a confession; but it will be my will to punish him or pardon him, but I do not intend to endure jokes from your lackeys, and I will not endure them from you either - because I am not a jester, but an old nobleman. - For this I remain obedient to the services
Andrey Dubrovsky.
According to present-day notions of etiquette, this letter would have been very indecent, but it angered Kiril Petrovich not by its strange style and disposition, but only by its essence. “How,” thundered Troekurov, jumping out of bed barefoot, “send my people to him with a confession, he is free to pardon them, punish them! What was he really up to? does he know who he's talking to? Here I am him ... He will cry with me, he will find out what it is like to go to Troekurov!
Dubrovsky Alexander Pushkin
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Title: Dubrovsky
About the book "Dubrovsky" Alexander Pushkin
The works of authors recognized as great Russian classics are invariably a stronghold of high moral values, thoughtful philosophical reasoning and reflection of real life realities. Their works are so loved and revered because they are capable of any reader, in one form or another, to give answers to eternal questions and fill the oppressive spiritual emptiness.
One of these unique creators was the greatest Russian poet and writer Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. Each of his works is a magnificent, marvelous bouquet of brilliant thoughts, an immense palette of feelings and original plots. All the works of the author simply can not be counted and, of course, each of them is a real masterpiece.
Pushkin's novel "Dubrovsky" is one of the most action-packed and adventurous works of the first half of XIX century. The intensity of passions, which is not quite characteristic of the author's style, and the intrigue that takes to the quick, made the novel incredibly exciting and exciting, opening up new horizons in literary trends that time. In addition to a brilliant idea and no less talented execution, the novel "Dubrovsky" is also notable for the history of its creation. For unknown reasons, Pushkin's novel was not completed, but this is rather a plus, because readers got a unique opportunity to fully turn on their imagination and enjoy open final. The work owes its name to the first editor who published it, because Pushkin, for unknown reasons, did not give a name, he titled the novel only with the date it was written. It should also be noted that the plot of the novel is based on real story, and the main character also had a very real prototype.
Pushkin's amazing novel "Dubrovsky" tells about the unusual and dangerous friendship between the wealthy Russian gentleman Troekurov and his former comrade in the service, a simple nobleman Dubrovsky. When, due to an absurd accident, a quarrel occurs between comrades and neighbors, Troekurov, using his power and impunity, by bribing officials, robs Dubrovsky of his estate. The desperate nobleman goes mad and soon dies. When his son Dubrovsky Jr. learns about these events, he makes unsuccessful attempts to save the estate, but realizing that this is impossible, he burns it down. In an attempt to restore at least some justice, the hero, like Robin Hood, declares war on wealthy local landowners. However, wedged into his plans unexpected meeting with Troekurov's daughter Masha. flashes strong feeling, which the heroes are unable to cope with.
Directly love line in the novel, is one of the main ones, along with the struggle for justice. And even despite the fact that the novel remained unfinished, the whole tragedy of the plot was conveyed by the author completely and very intelligibly.
The novel "Dubrovsky" by Alexander Pushkin is an inalienable heritage of generations and it is the privilege of every educated person to get acquainted with it.
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Quotes from the book "Dubrovsky" Alexander Pushkin
Arriving in the city, Andrey Gavrilovich stopped at a merchant friend, spent the night with him, and the next morning appeared in the presence of the county court. Nobody paid any attention to him. Following him came Kirila Petrovich. The clerks stood up and put the feathers behind their ears. The members greeted him with expressions of deep subservience, moved him chairs out of respect for his rank, years and corpulence; he sat down with the doors open—Andrei Gavrilovich stood leaning against the wall—deep silence ensued, and the secretary began to read the ruling of the court in a ringing voice.
No, Kirila Petrovich: my Volodya is not Maria Kirilovna's fiancé. It is better for a poor nobleman, what he is, to marry a poor noblewoman and be the head of the house than to become a spoiled woman's clerk.
A few years ago, an old Russian gentleman, Kirila Petrovich Troekurov, lived in one of his estates. His wealth, noble family and connections gave him great weight in the provinces where his estate was located. The neighbors were glad to cater to his slightest whims; provincial officials trembled at his name; Kirila Petrovich accepted signs of servility as a proper tribute; his house was always full of guests, ready to amuse his lordly idleness, sharing his noisy and sometimes violent amusements. No one dared to refuse his invitation or, on certain days, not to appear with due respect in the village of Pokrovskoye. In domestic life, Kirila Petrovich showed all the vices of an uneducated person. Spoiled by everything that only surrounded him, he was accustomed to give full rein to all the impulses of his ardent disposition and all the undertakings of a rather limited mind. Despite the extraordinary strength of his physical abilities, he suffered from gluttony twice a week and was tipsy every evening. In one of the outbuildings of his house, sixteen maids lived, doing needlework peculiar to their sex. The windows in the wing were barred with wooden bars; the doors were locked with locks, for which the keys were kept by Kiril Petrovich. Young hermits at the appointed hours went to the garden and walked under the supervision of two old women. From time to time, Kirila Petrovich gave some of them in marriage, and new ones took their place. He dealt with peasants and serfs sternly and capriciously; despite the fact that they were devoted to him: they conceited the wealth and glory of their master and, in turn, allowed themselves a lot in relation to their neighbors, hoping for his strong patronage.
Accustomed to absent-mindedness, he could not endure solitude, and on the third day after his arrival he went to dine with Troyekurov, whom he had once known.
"My merciful lord,
Until then, I do not intend to go to Pokrovskoye until you send me the kennel Paramoshka with a confession; but it will be my will to punish him or pardon him, but I do not intend to endure jokes from your lackeys, and I will not endure them from you either - because I am not a jester, but an old nobleman. - For this I remain obedient to the services
Andrey Dubrovsky.
Suddenly he raised his head, his eyes sparkled, he stamped his foot, pushed the secretary away with such force that he fell, and, seizing the inkwell, threw it at the assessor.
At that moment a new phenomenon caught his attention; the cat ran along the roof of the burning barn, wondering where to jump; flames surrounded her on all sides. The poor animal called for help with a miserable meow. The boys were dying of laughter, looking at her despair. “Why are you laughing, you imps,” the blacksmith said angrily to them. “You are not afraid of God: God’s creature is dying, and you are foolishly rejoicing,” and, placing a ladder on the blazing roof, he climbed after the cat. She understood his intention and clutched at his sleeve with an air of hurried gratitude. The half-burnt blacksmith climbed down with his prey. “Well, guys, goodbye,” he said to the embarrassed household, “I have nothing to do here. Happily, do not remember me dashingly.
Dubrovsky once went round his small estate; approaching a birch grove, he heard the blows of an ax and a minute later the crack of a fallen tree. He hurried into the grove and ran into the Pokrovsky peasants, who were calmly stealing the wood from him. Seeing him, they rushed to run. Dubrovsky and his coachman caught two of them and brought them bound to his yard. Three enemy horses immediately fell into prey to the winner. Dubrovsky was superbly angry: never before had Troekurov's people, the well-known robbers, dared to play pranks within the limits of his possessions, knowing his friendly connection with their master. Dubrovsky saw that they were now taking advantage of the gap that had occurred, and he decided, contrary to all notions of the right of war, to teach his captives a lesson with the rods that they stocked up in his own grove, and to send the horses to work, assigning them to the lord's cattle.
Everyone envied the harmony that reigned between the arrogant Troyekurov and his poor neighbor, and marveled at the courage of this latter, when he directly expressed his opinion at Kiril Petrovich's table, not caring whether it contradicted the opinions of the owner. Some tried to imitate him and go beyond the bounds of due obedience, but Kirila Petrovich frightened them so much that he forever discouraged them from such attempts, and Dubrovsky alone remained outside the general law. An accident upset and changed everything.
Vladimir Dubrovsky was brought up in Cadet Corps and was released as a cornet to the guard; his father spared nothing for his decent maintenance, and the young man received from the house more than he should have expected. Being extravagant and ambitious, he allowed himself luxurious whims, played cards and entered into debt, not worrying about the future and foreseeing sooner or later a rich bride, the dream of poor youth.
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The novel "Dubrovsky" was started by Pushkin in 1832. The plot was based true story poor nobleman Ostrovsky, who sued for the estate with a neighbor, failed in this and became a robber. This story was told to the poet by his friend P. V. Nashchokin. The novel takes place in the 10s years XIX century. We bring to your attention summary novel by A.S. Pushkin "Dubrovsky" chapter by chapter.
Chapter I
The wealthy provincial nobleman Troekurov had an imperious and despotic character. All the surrounding landowners and officials fawned over him, except for Andrei Dubrovsky, a proud man, but a poor one. However, Troekurov respected the independence and integrity of his friend and even wanted to marry his daughter to Dubrovsky's son.
Once, while inspecting Troekurov's kennel, his yard man insulted Dubrovsky. He was offended and demanded permission to punish the impudent one himself. Troekurov was indignant and the friends quarreled. The rich landowner decided to take revenge ex buddy taking the estate from him.
Chapter II
Dubrovsky received a subpoena. The case was decided in advance in favor of Troyekurov. After the court decision, Andrei Dubrovsky fell into violent insanity and his mental health never recovered again.
Chapter III
The old nanny Egorovna sent a letter to her master's son, Vladimir, who served in St. Petersburg in the guards. Young Dubrovsky immediately arrived in the village of Kistenevka and learned from the peasants about the disorder in affairs and about the quarrel between his father and Troekurov.
Chapter IV
Vladimir unsuccessfully tried to get to the bottom of the litigation for the estate and missed the deadline for appealing the court decision. According to the law, the estate went to Troekurov. He decided to show generosity and make peace with the enemy, for which he went to Kistenevka. Seeing his enemy, Andrei Dubrovsky experienced a strong shock, as a result of which he immediately died. Vladimir, beside himself with grief, drove Troekurov out of the yard.
Chapter V
Returning from his father's funeral, Vladimir met on the threshold of officials who had come to introduce Troekurov into the possession of the estate. Their arrogant behavior aroused the indignation of the peasants, and only the intervention of Dubrovsky saved the bailiffs from reprisal.
Chapter VI
The officials remained at the estate and fell asleep, drunk on the master's rum. At night, Dubrovsky, with several devoted courtyards, set fire to the house. Against the will of Vladimir, the blacksmith Arkhip locked the doors in the entrance hall so that all visitors would die in a fire.
Chapter VII
The former landowner and several peasants disappeared without a trace. The circumstances of the death of officials have not been fully clarified. Suspicions fell on Arkhip the blacksmith and Dubrovsky.
Soon the robbers appeared in the district. Rumor called the young Dubrovsky their leader. Troekurov was afraid of revenge, but the attacks of the robbers bypassed his possessions and he gradually ceased to worry.
Chapter VIII
Deforge, a French teacher hired by him for his son Sasha, appeared in Troekurov's house. The despotic master decided to subject the new man to his favorite joke: to lock him up in a room with a hungry bear tied in such a way that it was possible to escape from the beast only in one corner. But Deforge had a pistol with which he killed the bear. This act earned the Frenchman the respect of Troekurov and forced the landowner's daughter, Marya Kirillovna, to pay attention to him. Gradually, young people fell in love with each other.
Volume two
Chapter IX
Troekurov called together many guests on the occasion of the big church holiday. At the table there was talk of Dubrovsky. Spitsyn, a nobleman who testified in court in favor of Troekurov, arrived late out of fear of the robber's revenge. The guests began to talk fictional stories about the adventures of Dubrovsky and discuss plans for his capture.
Chapter X
Spitsyn learned about Deforge's massacre with the bear and, being a cowardly man, decided to spend the night in the Frenchman's room in order to provide himself with protection in the event of an attack by robbers. But at dawn he woke up from the fact that a Frenchman, armed with a pistol, took away his bag of money. Deforge revealed to Spitsyn that he was the famous Dubrovsky.
Chapter XI
This chapter tells how Dubrovsky accidentally met the real Deforge and bought documents from him and letters of recommendation. This helped him, under the guise of a tutor, to enter Troekurov's house, where he lived for a month, without giving himself away. On the day of the holiday, he decided to take revenge on Spitsyn for his vile act against Father Dubrovsky. The imaginary Frenchman took away Spitsyn's money and intimidated him so much that he hurriedly left in the morning without telling anyone.
Chapter XII
Desforges gave Marya Kirillovna a note in which he made an appointment with her in the garden. During the meeting, he revealed his real name to her and admitted that he spared the Troekurov estate only because of his love for her. Dubrovsky persuaded Marya Kirillovna, if necessary, to accept his help, and he had to leave the girl. At this time, the police officer arrived, to whom Spitsyn told everything that had happened to him. But it was not possible to catch Dubrovsky.
Chapter XIII
Troekurov was visited by his neighbor, Prince Vereisky, who had lived abroad for a long time. The prince was a middle-aged man, very rich, he knew how to show himself as an amiable interlocutor. Troekurov was flattered by his new acquaintance. In turn, he and Marya Kirillovna visited the prince's estate.
Chapter XIV
The father decided to give Marya Kirillovna in marriage to Prince Vereisky. At the same time, she received a letter from Dubrovsky, in which he appointed her another date.
Chapter XV
An explanation takes place between Dubrovsky and Masha. The girl decides to try to persuade her father not to marry her, but in case of failure, turn to the robber for help. The lovers agree on a relationship - Masha will have to lower the ring into the hollow of the oak.
Chapter XVI
Meanwhile, active preparations were underway for the wedding of Marya Kirillovna with the prince. She decided to write a letter to the groom, in which she begged him to abandon this marriage. The prince showed the letter to Troyekurov. He was furious and ordered to speed up the wedding, and lock up Masha until the wedding.
Chapter XVII
Marya Kirillovna asked her brother Sasha to put the ring in the hollow of the oak, as agreed. Sasha saw a peasant boy who pulled out a ring and fought with him. They were seen by the courtyard people and Sasha, in a temper, revealed to everyone the secret of his sister. The peasant boy was detained for the duration of the trial, and he could not tell the news about the imminent wedding to Dubrovsky in time.
Chapter XVIII
Masha was married to Prince Vereisky. On the way back from the church, the carriage was stopped by robbers. The prince fired at Dubrovsky and wounded him. Masha announced to Dubrovsky that everything was over between them, she would not leave her husband. The robbers left without touching anyone.
Chapter XIX
The bandit camp was attacked by soldiers. The attack was repulsed, but Dubrovsky decided to leave his comrades and soon went abroad. The robber attacks have stopped.
