The story of the emergence of Dr. Aibolit resembles the story of a puppet man named Pinocchio, who originates from a wooden doll named Pinocchio from an Italian fairy tale, or the story of the wizard of the Emerald City, which arose as a result of a retelling of a fairy tale by Frank Baum. Both Pinocchio and Goodwin with the company "outplayed" their predecessors in artistic expression. The same thing happened with Dr. Aibolit.
The first image of an animal doctor was invented by the Englishman Hugh Lofting in The History of Doctor Doolittle (the first book with this hero was published in 1922). Doctor Dolittle (Dolittle) literally means "Doctor Relieve (pain)" or "Doctor Reduce (pain)". Doolittle is very fond of animals, which live in many in his house. Because of this, he loses all his former patients and livelihood. But then his pet parrot teaches him the language of animals, and he becomes the best veterinarian in the world. One day, the doctor receives a message that monkeys are seriously ill in Africa, and sets off on a journey to help them. On the way, he has to survive a shipwreck, he is captured by the black king, but in the end everything ends well.
Korney Chukovsky borrowed from Hugh Lofting the very figurative idea of an animal doctor and some plot moves; in addition, individual characters moved from Dr. Doolittle's sofa and closet to Dr. Aibolit's sofa and closet. But as a result, the artistic shift turned out to be so strong that it is impossible to even talk about retelling. Chukovsky's prose story about Dr. Aibolit is a completely new work, although it was written based on the fairy tales of Hugh Lofting. And this story is valuable not only for the exciting adventures described in it. It also contains an absolutely integral concept of the world order, which a child of five to eight years old is able to comprehend.
There are many different animals in the fairy tale. This is how Dr. Aibolit's house is “arranged”: “Hares lived in his room. There was a squirrel in the closet. There was a crow in the buffet. A prickly hedgehog lived on the sofa. White mice lived in the chest. This list is not exhaustive, because "of all his animals, Dr. Aibolit loved most of all the duck Kiku, the dog Avva, the little pig Oink-Oink, the parrot Karudo and the owl Bumba." But this is not all, because new ones are added to the permanent inhabitants of the house all the time (and become active acting characters).
In other words, Dr. Aibolit's house is full of different animals, and they all coexist there in peace and harmony. I would say, in an implausible peace and harmony. Nobody eats anybody, nobody fights anybody. Even the crocodile “was quiet. I didn’t touch anyone, I lay under my bed and thought about my brothers and sisters, who lived far, far away in hot Africa.”
The inhabitants of the house are united by love and gratitude to Dr. Aibolit, who is said to be very kind. Actually, the tale begins like this: “Once upon a time there was a doctor. He was kind." "Good" is the main and the most important characteristic the main character of this story. (By the way, the main distinguishing feature Dr. Doolittle - that he "knew a whole bunch of all sorts of useful things" and was "very smart".) All decisions and actions of Dr. Aibolit stem precisely from his kindness. In Korney Chukovsky, kindness manifests itself in activity and is therefore very convincing: kind doctor lives for the sake of others, serves animals and poor people - i.e. for those who have nothing. And his healing abilities border on omnipotence - there is not a single character that he would undertake to heal and not cure. Almost all the animals acting in the story, in one way or another, owe the doctor their lives, their return to life. And of course, he understands animal language. But if Hugh Lofting in his story explains in detail how Dr. Doolittle mastered him, then the author only briefly reports about Aibolit: “I learned a long time ago.” Therefore, his ability to speak with animals in their language is perceived almost as primordial, as evidence of special abilities: he understands - that's all. And the animals living in the house obey the doctor and help him do good deeds.
What is this if not a children's analogue of paradise? And the image of the doctor's evil sister named Barbara, from whom impulses hostile to the doctor's world constantly emanate, is easily correlated with the image of a snake. For example, Varvara demands that the doctor drive the animals out of the house (“from paradise”). But the doctor does not agree to this. And it pleases the child: good world» durable and stable. Moreover, he is constantly striving to expand his borders, converting more and more new animals into the "faith" of Dr. Aibolit: rhinos, tigers and lions (which at first refuse to participate in good deeds, but after their cubs get sick and the doctor heals them, they gratefully join everyone else).
However, the children's "paradise", as it should be in mythology, is opposed by another place - the source of suffering and fears, "hell". And the absolutely good "creator" in Chukovsky's fairy tale is opposed by the absolute villain, the "destroyer" - Barmaley. (This image of Korney Chukovsky came up with himself, without any prompting from Lofting.) Barmaley hates the doctor. Barmaley seems to have no obvious, “rational” motives to persecute Aibolit. The only explanation for his hatred is that Barmaley is evil. And the evil one cannot bear the good, he wants to destroy it.
The conflict between good and evil in Chukovsky's story is presented in the most acute and uncompromising form. No halftones, no "psychological difficulties" or moral torment. Evil is evil, and it must be punished - this is how it is perceived by both the author and the child. And if in the story “Doctor Aibolit” this punishment is indirect (Barmaley loses his ship for pirate raids), then in the continuation, in the story “Penta and the Sea Robbers”, the author mercilessly cracks down on evil characters: Pirates end up at sea and are swallowed by sharks. And the ship with Aibolit and his animals, safe and sound, sails further to their homeland.
And, I must say, the reader (small) meets the end of the robbers with a "sense of deep satisfaction." After all, they were the embodiment of absolute evil! The wise author spared us even a hint of the possible existence of Barmaley's "inner world" and a description of some of his villainous thoughts.
Actually, the good doctor also does not think about anything. Everything we know about him follows from his actions or words. From this point of view, Chukovsky's story is "anti-psychological". But the author did not intend to immerse us in inner world heroes. His task was to create just such a polar picture of the world, to present personified good and evil in relief. And the definition of good and evil in the fairy tale is extremely clear: good means to heal, give life, and evil means to torment and kill. Who among us can object to this? Is there anything that conflicts with this formula?
Good and evil in a fairy tale fight not for life, but for death, so the story about Dr. Aibolit turned out to be tense, exciting and sometimes scary. Thanks to all these qualities, as well as the clear opposition of good and evil, the story is very suitable for children aged five to eight years.
Around the age of five, children begin to master rational logic (the period of explaining that “the wind blows because the trees sway” is over). And rationality initially develops as thinking by the so-called "dual oppositions", or clear opposites. And now the child does not just learn from the words of an adult, “what is good and what is bad”, but also wants to motivate, justify, explain actions and deeds, i.e. wants to know why it's good or bad. At this age, the child is also a tough moralist, not inclined to search for psychological difficulties. He will discover the existence of complexity, duality and even reciprocity of some meanings later, at the age of 9-10.
As for the “terrible” characteristic, this is exactly what a child after five years of age also really needs. By this age he emotional world already mature enough. And a five-six-year-old is different from younger preschoolers learning to manage their emotions. Including the emotion of fear. The child's request for something terrible, including scary tales, is associated with the need for emotional "training" and an attempt to determine your tolerance threshold. But he will have to put these experiments at full power on himself in adolescence.
Viktor Chizhikov's illustrations, however strange it may sound, are in some contradiction with the tension and "scaryness" of the tale. The images in the illustrations are funny, funny. Dr. Aibolit is so round, rustic. Most of the characters have their mouths stretched into a smile. And even the most dramatic moments - the attack of pirates, the clash of pirates with sharks - are depicted cheerfully, with humor. There is not a drop of humor in the story itself. There is nothing fun about the battle between good and evil. It’s not even clear at what point in the story you can smile. So Chizhikov's drawings, as it were, reduce the degree of drama and thus give the reader a break. Well, and to think that maybe everything is not so scary.
Marina Aromshtam
Korney Chukovsky
Dr. Aibolit (compilation)
Dr. Aibolit
(According to Gyu Lofting)
Part one
Journey to the Land of the Apes
Doctor and his animals
There lived a doctor. He was kind. His name was Aibolit. And he had an evil sister, whose name was Varvara.
More than anything, the doctor loved animals.
Hares lived in his room. There was a squirrel in his closet. There was a crow in the buffet. A prickly hedgehog lived on the sofa. White mice lived in the chest.
But of all his animals, Dr. Aibolit loved most of all the duck Kiku, the dog Avva, the little pig Oink-Oink, the parrot Karudo and the owl Bumba.
His evil sister Varvara was very angry with the doctor because he had so many animals in his room.
- Drive them away this minute! she screamed. They only dirty the rooms. I don't want to live with these nasty creatures!
- No, Varvara, they are not bad! the doctor said. I am very glad that they live with me.
From all sides sick shepherds, sick fishermen, woodcutters, peasants came to the doctor for treatment, and he gave medicine to everyone, and everyone immediately became healthy.
If any village boy hurts his hand or scratches his nose, he immediately runs to Aibolit - and, look, in ten minutes he is as if nothing had happened, healthy, cheerful, plays tag with the parrot Karudo, and the owl Bumba treats his lollipops and apples.
One day a very sad horse came to the doctor. She quietly told him:
- Lama, out, fifi, kuku!
The doctor immediately understood that in animal language this means: “My eyes hurt. Give me glasses, please."
The doctor had long ago learned to speak like an animal. He said to the horse:
- Kapuki, Kanuki!
In an animal way, this means: "Sit down, please."
The horse sat down. The doctor put on her glasses, and her eyes stopped hurting.
- Chuck! - said the horse, waving its tail and ran into the street.
"Chaka" means "thank you" in an animal way.
Soon all the animals that had bad eyes received glasses from Dr. Aibolit. Horses began to walk with glasses, cows - with glasses, cats and dogs - with glasses. Even the old crows did not fly out of the nest without glasses.
Every day more and more animals and birds came to the doctor.
Turtles, foxes and goats came, cranes and eagles flew in.
Doctor Aibolit treated everyone, but he did not take money from anyone, because what kind of money do turtles and eagles have!
Soon the following announcements were pasted on the trees in the forest:
HOSPITAL IS OPEN
FOR BIRDS AND ANIMALS.
GO FOR TREATMENT
THERE ASAP!
These ads were put up by Vanya and Tanya, neighbor children whom the doctor had once cured of scarlet fever and measles. They loved the doctor very much and willingly helped him.
monkey chichi
One evening, when all the animals were sleeping, someone knocked on the door of the doctor.
- Who's there? the doctor asked.
The doctor opened the door and a monkey entered the room, very thin and dirty. The doctor sat her on the sofa and asked:
- What is hurting you?
“The neck,” she said, and began to cry.
It was only then that the doctor saw that she had a rope around her neck.
“I ran away from the evil organ grinder,” said the monkey, and began to cry again. - The organ grinder beat me, tortured me and dragged me everywhere on a rope.
The doctor took the scissors, cut the rope, and smeared the monkey's neck with such an amazing ointment that the neck immediately stopped hurting. Then he bathed the monkey in a trough, gave it food and said:
- Live with me, monkey. I don't want you to be offended.
The monkey was very happy. But when she was sitting at the table and nibbling on the big nuts that the doctor had given her, an evil organ-grinder ran into the room.
- Give me the monkey! he shouted. This monkey is mine!
- Will not give it back! the doctor said. - I won't give it up for anything! I don't want you to torture her.
The enraged organ grinder wanted to grab Dr. Aibolit by the throat.
But the doctor calmly told him:
- Get out this minute! And if you fight, I will call the dog Abba, and she will bite you.
Abba ran into the room and said menacingly:
In animal language, this means: “Run, otherwise I will bite!”
The organ grinder was frightened and ran away without looking back. The monkey stayed with the doctor. The animals soon fell in love with her and named her Chichi. In the animal language, "chichi" means "well done."
As soon as Tanya and Vanya saw her, they exclaimed in one voice:
- Oh, how cute she is! How wonderful!
And immediately they began to play with her, as with their own best friend. They played both burners and hide-and-seek, and then all three joined hands and ran to the seashore, and there the monkey taught them a cheerful monkey dance, which is called “tkella” in animal language.
Doctor Aibolit at work
Every day, animals come to Dr. Aibolit for treatment: foxes, rabbits, seals, donkeys, camels. Who had a stomach ache, who had teeth. Each doctor gave medicine, and they all immediately recovered.
Once a tailless kid came to Aibolit, and the doctor sewed his tail on.
And then from distant forest came, all in tears, a bear. She moaned and whimpered plaintively, a large splinter sticking out of her paw. The doctor pulled out a splinter, washed the wound and smeared it with his miraculous ointment.
The bear's pain disappeared immediately.
- Chuck! - the bear shouted and merrily ran home - to the den, to her cubs.
Then a sick hare trudged to the doctor, which was almost gnawed by dogs.
And then a sick ram came, who caught a bad cold and coughed. And then two chickens came and brought a turkey, which was poisoned by mushrooms with toadstools.
The doctor gave medicine to everyone, everyone, and everyone recovered at the same moment, and everyone said “chaka” to him. And then, when all the patients left, Dr. Aibolit heard something rustling behind the doors.
– Enter! the doctor shouted.
What an old and good fairy tale"Aibolit"! All children know this poetic tale by K. I. Chukovsky about the good doctor. And how not to know when from the very early childhood the kid hears lines about this amazing doctor who treats animals.
Many parents naively believe that by telling their children a fairy tale about Aibolit, they will convince the kids not to be afraid of vaccinations and doctors. But, unfortunately, this is not the case. After all, Dr. Aibolit treated his patients not with bitter pills and not painful vaccinations, but with eggnog and chocolates. And the strangest thing in his treatment is to put thermometers)) So, long live fabulous medicine and a fairy tale about Dr. Aibolit.
And you know, even such a simple, as it seems to us, fairy tale "Aibolit" did not appear immediately with Chukovsky. It turns out that the writer has been working on it for a long time. As he himself wrote, inspiration either came or left him. This is clearly seen from the sketches of the first part of the tale, where the animals came to the doctor with their problems. The following lines from the manuscripts have been preserved:
And a goat came to Aibolit:
"My eyes hurt!"And the fox came to Aibolit:
"Oh, my lower back hurts!"An owl flew to him:
"Oh, my head hurts!"And a canary flew up to him:
"My neck is scratched."And a tap dance flew to him:
"I have consumption," he says.A partridge flew to him:
"I have a fever," he says.And the platypus clung to him:
"I have diarrhea"
It's great, really! But still, let's dwell on our usual Aibolit. Read the story about the good doctor to the children.
Aibolit
1
Good Doctor Aibolit!
He sits under a tree.
Come to him for treatment.
Both the cow and the wolf
And a bug, and a worm,
And a bear!
Heal everyone, heal
Good Doctor Aibolit!
2
And the fox came to Aibolit:
"Oh, I got stung by a wasp!"
And the watchdog came to Aibolit:
“A chicken pecked on my nose!”
And the hare came running
And she screamed: “Ai, ai!
My bunny got hit by a tram!
My bunny, my boy
Got hit by a tram!
He ran down the path
And his legs were cut
And now he's sick and lame
My little hare!”
And Aibolit said: “It doesn’t matter!
Give it here!
I'll sew him new legs,
He will run again along the path.
And they brought him a bunny,
Such a sick, lame,
And the doctor sewed on his legs,
And the hare jumps again.
And with him the hare-mother
I also went to dance
And she laughs and screams:
“Well, thank you. Aibolit!
3
Suddenly from somewhere a jackal
Rode on a mare:
"Here's a telegram for you
From Hippo!"
"Come, doctor,
Go to Africa soon
And save me doctor
Our babies!"
"What's happened? Really
Are your kids sick?
"Yes Yes Yes! They have angina
scarlet fever, cholera,
diphtheria, appendicitis,
Malaria and bronchitis!
Come soon
Good Doctor Aibolit!
"Okay, okay, I'll run,
I will help your children.
But where do you live?
On a mountain or in a swamp?
We live in Zanzibar
In the Kalahari and the Sahara
On Mount Fernando Po,
Where hippo walks
Along the wide Limpopo.
And Aibolit got up, Aibolit ran.
He runs through the fields, but through the forests, through the meadows.
And only one word repeats Aibolit:
"Limpopo, Limpopo, Limpopo!"
And in his face the wind, and snow, and hail:
"Hey, Aibolit, come back!"
And Aibolit fell and lies on the snow:
"I can't go any further."
And now to him because of the Christmas tree
Furry wolves run out:
"Sit down, Aibolit, on horseback,
We will take you alive!”
And Aibolit galloped forward
And only one word repeats:
"Limpopo, Limpopo, Limpopo!"
But here is the sea in front of them -
Raging, noisy in space.
And there is a high wave in the sea.
Now she will swallow Aibolit.
"Oh, if I drown
If I go to the bottom
With my forest animals?
But here comes the whale:
"Sit on me, Aibolit,
And like a big ship
I'll take you forward!"
And sat on the whale Aibolit
And only one word repeats:
"Limpopo, Limpopo, Limpopo!"
And the mountains stand in his way
And he starts to crawl over the mountains,
And the mountains are getting higher, and the mountains are getting steeper,
And the mountains go under the very clouds!
"Oh, if I don't get there,
If I get lost along the way
What will become of them, the sick,
With my forest animals?
And now from a high cliff
Eagles flew to Aibolit:
"Sit down, Aibolit, on horseback,
We will take you alive!”
And sat on the eagle Aibolit
And only one word repeats:
"Limpopo, Limpopo, Limpopo!"
And in Africa
And in Africa
On black
Limpopo,
Sitting and crying
In Africa
Sad Hippo.
He's in Africa, he's in Africa
Sitting under a palm tree
And on the sea from Africa
Looks without rest:
Doesn't he ride in a boat
Dr. Aibolit?
And roam along the road
Elephants and Rhinos
And they say angrily:
“Well, there is no Aibolit?”
And next to the hippos
Grabbed their tummies:
They, the hippos,
Belly hurts.
And then the ostriches
They squeal like pigs.
Oh, sorry, sorry, sorry
Poor ostriches!
And measles, and they have diphtheria,
And smallpox, and bronchitis they have,
And their head hurts
And my throat hurts.
They lie and rave:
“Well, why doesn’t he go,
Well, why doesn't he go?
Dr. Aibolit?"
And crouched next to
toothy shark,
toothy shark
Lies in the sun.
Oh, her little ones
The poor sharks
It's been twelve days
Teeth hurt!
And a dislocated shoulder
At the poor grasshopper;
He does not jump, he does not jump,
And he weeps bitterly
And the doctor calls:
“Oh, where is the good doctor?
When will he come?"
But look, some bird
Getting closer and closer through the air rushes.
On the bird, look, Aibolit is sitting
And he waves his hat and shouts loudly:
"Long live dear Africa!"
And all the children are happy and happy:
“I have arrived, I have arrived! Hooray! Hooray!"
And the bird is circling above them,
And the bird sits on the ground.
And Aibolit runs to the hippos,
And slaps them on the tummies
And all in order
Gives you chocolate
And puts and puts them thermometers!
And to the striped
He runs to the tiger cubs.
And to the poor hunchbacks
sick camels,
And every gogol
Every mogul,
Gogol-mogul,
Gogol-mogul,
He will treat you with mogul-mogul.
Ten nights Aibolit
Doesn't eat, doesn't drink, doesn't sleep
ten nights in a row
He heals the unfortunate animals
And puts and puts them thermometers.
So he cured them
Limpopo!
So he cured the sick.
Limpopo!
And they went to laugh
Limpopo!
And dance and play
Limpopo!
And Shark Karakula
Right eye winked
And laughs, and laughs,
Like someone is tickling her.
And little hippos
Grabbed by the tummies
And laugh, pour -
So the oaks are shaking.
Here's Hippo, here's Popo,
Hippo Popo, Hippo Popo!
Here comes the Hippo.
It comes from Zanzibar.
He goes to Kilimanjaro -
And he screams, and he sings:
“Glory, glory to Aibolit!
Glory to the good doctors!
Good Doctor Aibolit!
He sits under a tree.
Come to him for treatment.
Both the cow and the wolf
And a bug, and a worm,
And a bear!
Heal everyone, heal
Good Doctor Aibolit!
And the fox came to Aibolit:
"Oh, I got stung by a wasp!"
And the watchdog came to Aibolit:
“A chicken pecked on my nose!”
And the hare came running
And she screamed: “Ai, ai!
My bunny got hit by a tram!
My bunny, my boy
Got hit by a tram!
He ran down the path
And his legs were cut
And now he's sick and lame
My little hare!”
And Aibolit said: “It doesn’t matter!
Give it here!
I'll sew him new legs,
He will run again along the path.
And they brought him a bunny,
Such a sick, lame,
And the doctor sewed on his legs,
And the hare jumps again.
And with him the hare-mother
I also went to dance
And she laughs and screams:
“Well, thank you. Aibolit!
Suddenly from somewhere a jackal
Rode on a mare:
"Here's a telegram for you
From Hippo!"
"Come, doctor,
Go to Africa soon
And save me doctor
Our babies!"
"What's happened? Really
Are your kids sick?
"Yes Yes Yes! They have angina
scarlet fever, cholera,
diphtheria, appendicitis,
Malaria and bronchitis!
Come soon
Good Doctor Aibolit!
"Okay, okay, I'll run,
I will help your children.
But where do you live?
On a mountain or in a swamp?
"We live in Zanzibar,
In Kalahari and Sahara,
On Mount Fernando Po,
Where hippo walks
By the wide Limpopo."
And Aibolit got up, Aibolit ran.
He runs through the fields, but through the forests, through the meadows.
And only one word repeats Aibolit:
"Limpopo, Limpopo, Limpopo!"
And in his face the wind, and snow, and hail:
"Hey, Aibolit, come back!"
And Aibolit fell and lies on the snow:
"I can't go any further."
And now to him because of the Christmas tree
Furry wolves run out:
"Sit down, Aibolit, on horseback,
We will take you alive!”
And Aibolit galloped forward
And only one word repeats:
"Limpopo, Limpopo, Limpopo!"
But here is the sea in front of them -
Raging, noisy in space.
And there is a high wave in the sea.
Now she will swallow Aibolit.
"Oh, if I drown
If I go to the bottom
With my forest animals?
But here comes the whale:
"Sit on me, Aibolit,
And like a big ship
I'll take you forward!"
And sat on the whale Aibolit
And only one word repeats:
"Limpopo, Limpopo, Limpopo!"
And the mountains stand in his way
And he starts to crawl over the mountains,
And the mountains are getting higher, and the mountains are getting steeper,
And the mountains go under the very clouds!
"Oh, if I don't get there,
If I get lost along the way
What will become of them, the sick,
With my forest animals?
And now from a high cliff
Eagles flew to Aibolit:
"Sit down, Aibolit, on horseback,
We will take you alive!”
And sat on the eagle Aibolit
And only one word repeats:
"Limpopo, Limpopo, Limpopo!"
And in Africa
And in Africa
On black
Limpopo,
Sitting and crying
In Africa
Sad Hippo.
He's in Africa, he's in Africa
Sitting under a palm tree
And on the sea from Africa
Looks without rest:
Doesn't he ride in a boat
Dr. Aibolit?
And roam along the road
Elephants and Rhinos
And they say angrily:
“Well, there is no Aibolit?”
And next to the hippos
Grabbed their tummies:
They, the hippos,
Belly hurts.
And then the ostriches
They squeal like pigs.
Oh, sorry, sorry, sorry
Poor ostriches!
And measles, and they have diphtheria,
And smallpox, and bronchitis they have,
And their head hurts
And my throat hurts.
They lie and rave:
“Well, why doesn’t he go,
Well, why doesn't he go?
Dr. Aibolit?"
And crouched next to
toothy shark,
toothy shark
Lies in the sun.
Oh, her little ones
The poor sharks
It's been twelve days
Teeth hurt!
And a dislocated shoulder
At the poor grasshopper;
He does not jump, he does not jump,
And he weeps bitterly
And the doctor calls:
“Oh, where is the good doctor?
When will he come?"
But look, some bird
Getting closer and closer through the air rushes.
On the bird, look, Aibolit is sitting
And he waves his hat and shouts loudly:
"Long live dear Africa!"
And all the children are happy and happy:
“I have arrived, I have arrived! Hooray! Hooray!"
And the bird is circling above them,
And the bird sits on the ground.
And Aibolit runs to the hippos,
And slaps them on the tummies
And all in order
Gives you chocolate
And puts and puts them thermometers!
And to the striped
He runs to the tiger cubs.
And to the poor hunchbacks
sick camels,
And every gogol
Every mogul,
Gogol-mogul,
Gogol-mogul,
He will treat you with mogul-mogul.
Ten nights Aibolit
Doesn't eat, doesn't drink, doesn't sleep
ten nights in a row
He heals the unfortunate animals
And puts and puts them thermometers.
So he cured them
Limpopo!
So he cured the sick.
Limpopo!
And they went to laugh
Limpopo!
And dance and play
Limpopo!
And Shark Karakula
Right eye winked
And laughs, and laughs,
Like someone is tickling her.
And little hippos
Grabbed by the tummies
And laugh, pour -
So du would be shaken.
Here is Hippo, here is Po,
Hippo-po, Hippo-po!
Here comes the Hippo.
It comes from Zanzibar.
He goes to Kilimanjaro -
And he screams, and he sings:
“Glory, glory to Aibolit!
Glory to the good doctors!
Chukovsky K. fairy tale "Doctor Aibolit"
Genre: literary fairy tale
The main characters of the fairy tale "Doctor Aibolit" and their characteristics
- Dr. Aibolit, kind, caring, compassionate, brave, courageous, resolute, resilient, a master of his craft
- Barbara. Evil sister of Aibolit. Vile and harmful. Sent to a desert island.
- Barmaley. Pirate. Evil robber. Eaten by sharks.
- Animals of Aibolit, his friends and helpers: Abba the dog, Karudo the parrot, Oink-oink the pig, Kika the duck, Bumba the owl, Chichi the monkey, the crocodile, pushing, Dick.
- Penta, the son of a fisherman, who was saved by Aibolit. Became a doctor's assistant.
- Robinson. An old sailor, friend of Aibolit.
- Jumbo. Negro, lighthouse keeper, friend of Aibolit.
- Benalis. Another evil pirate. Drowned in the sea.
- Dr. Aibolit treats animals and learns that monkeys are sick in Africa.
- He sails to Africa, is captured by Barmaley, but gets to the monkeys and heals them
- Aibolit receives a tyanitokaya as a gift, and Varvara is sent to a desert island.
- Aibolit saves Penta, and then his father, and Barmaley is eaten by sharks.
- The pirate Benalis sets fire to Aibolit's house, but crashes on the rocks in the boat and drowns.
- Beavers build Aibolita new house and he lives happily and peacefully.
Help others and others will help you. The doctor should think first of all about the patient and only then about himself.
What does the fairy tale "Doctor Aibolit" teach
This tale teaches selflessness, self-sacrifice. Learn to protect the weak and the small. Learn to love animals. Teaches to ruthlessly eradicate evil and villains. Learn to help each other. It teaches you to face dangers boldly and find a way out of any situation.
Feedback on the fairy tale "Doctor Aibolit"
This interesting story about a doctor who loved animals so much that animals became his family. Aibolit, of course, was kind to friends, but ruthless to enemies. He even sent his own sister to a desert island, because she did not like animals. Animals were the meaning of Aibolit's life.
Proverbs to the fairy tale "Doctor Aibolit"
Who heals and who hurts.
If you don't trust your doctor, you won't be cured.
That's what a doctor is for, to heal the sick.
Road help on time.
Not a big deal - great help.
Read summary, brief retelling fairy tales "Doctor Aibolit" by chapters:
Part 1. Journey to the country of monkeys.
Chapter 1
Once upon a time there was a kind doctor Aibolit and his evil sister Varvara lived. The doctor was very fond of animals, but most of all the pig Oink-oink, the parrot Karudo, the dog Avva, the duck Kiku and the owl Bumba.
Varvara swore at the animals and demanded to drive them away.
People often came to the doctor and he treated everyone. Aibolit understood the animal language well and could speak it himself. He opened a hospital for animals and did not take money from anyone.
Chapter 2
Once, a thin and dirty monkey knocked on Aibolit's door and said that her neck hurt. And on the neck was a trace from the rope. The monkey ran away from the evil organ grinder and he came to the doctor to demand the monkey back, but Aibolit drove him away and called the dog Avva.
The monkey was named Chichi and neighbor children Tanya and Vanya loved to play with it.
Chapter 3
Many animals came to the doctor. He sewed a tail on a goat, pulled out a splinter to a she-bear, and gave medicine to all the animals. And everyone got better and said "Chuck" to him.
Once, Aibolit even sewed a new wing on a moth from a bright patchwork.
Chapter 4
One night a Crocodile came to Aibolit with a toothache. Aibolit cured the crocodile and he began to ask to stay with Aibolit. Aibolit demanded that the crocodile not eat any of the animals and the crocodile agreed.
He began to live with the doctor and Varvara cursed a lot. After all, once a crocodile ate her skirt.
Chapter 5
Aibolit was left without money and sat hungry. But friends began to help him and the animals made a garden, and Vanya and Tanya carried water from the well.
The doctor rejoiced at how clean it became in his house.
Chapter 6
One winter, a frozen and tired swallow flew to Aibolit, who began to ask him to go to Africa. The monkeys got sick there and if the doctor does not cure them, they may die.
The doctor remembered the sailor Robinson, whom he somehow helped and asked him for a ship.
Of course Robinson gave him a ship.
Aibolit took his animals with him, including a crocodile, but did not take Vanya and Tanya. They were still too small.
Chapter 7
The doctor and the animals boarded the ship, but then the doctor remembered that he did not know where Africa was. The swallow had to show him the way. Aibolit ruled behind the swallow, and at night she even took a flashlight so that she could be seen.
A Crane flew to the ship and said that the monkeys got worse. Aibolit said that he was flying in full sail.
Then the dolphins came and also said that the monkeys were getting worse.
Finally, Africa appeared and the crocodile was very happy.
Chapter 8
Suddenly a storm began. There was a terrible crack. The ship hit the rocks and began to sink. But the crocodile carried everyone ashore on his broad back.
Everyone was wet and tired. But Dr. Aibolit hurried to the monkeys.
Chapter 9
But then a shaggy old man came out to meet the doctor and asked where they were going. Aibolit replied that he was in a hurry to the sick monkeys. And the old man laughed and said that they came to Barmaley.
Aibolit was very frightened, he wanted to run to the monkeys. However, Barmaley and his pirates appeared here. They twisted Aibolit and the animals, and put them in prison.
The animals were crying in fear.
Chapter 10
Aibolit began to console the animals and say that they would definitely be saved. But the crocodile did not believe him and cried. Then Aibolit called Karudo and whispered something to him.
Karudo flew out through the bars and flew straight to Barmaley.
Barmaley was sleeping, and under his pillow lay the key to the prison. Karudo pulled out the key and flew back. The key was very heavy and the parrot almost dropped it.
But he brought the key and Aibolit opened the door. He and his beasts hid in the thicket.
Chapter 11
Upon learning of the escape, Barmaley became terribly angry and sent his servants in pursuit. Aibolit walked through the forest and carried a pig in his arms. He was very tired, but Chichi cheered him up, saying that she was already seeing Monkeyland from the tree.
And here is the river beyond which the monkey country begins. And then the pirates run out of the thicket. The monkeys saw the difficult situation of Aibolit and instantly built a bridge from their bodies. They held tightly to each other and hung over the river.
Aibolit and his friends ran across the bridge, and the pirates fell into the water when the monkeys disengaged.
Chapter 12
Aibolit began to treat monkeys, but he was alone, and there are a lot of sick monkeys. Very soon he was completely exhausted, and his animals too. Then Aibolit went to the lion and asked him to help treat the monkeys. But the lion only laughed and drove Aibolit away.
Aibolit went to rhinos and tigers, but they refused to help the doctor.
And when the lion returned home, the lioness complained to him that the lion cub was very ill and he urgently needed Dr. Aibolit. The ashamed lion went to Aibolit and helped him heal the monkeys for three days. And only then he asked for help for his son. And Dr. Aibolit, of course, helped and cured the lion cub.
And then the children of the rhinos and tigers got sick. But Aibolit also helped them and the animals were very ashamed of their behavior.
Chapter 13
When the monkeys were cured, they began to decide what gift to give to Aibolit. Someone offered to donate a camel, but Aibolit saw the camels. Another monkey offered to give an ostrich, but the doctor also saw ostriches.
And then the monkeys decided to give Aibolit a pusher.
Chapter 14
Tyanitolkaya was never caught by hunters, because this beast has two heads. And when one sleeps, the second is awake and immediately notices the danger.
But the monkeys surrounded the pusher and grabbed him by the horns. Then they began to persuade the pusher to go with Aibolit, saying how good he would be at the doctor.
They argued for so long that the pusher agreed to go and see the doctor.
He saw Aibolit and realized that he was very kind. And if so, then the pusher agreed to go with him. But with the condition that if he is bored, then Aibolit will let him go home.
And Aibolit of course agreed.
Chapter 15
The monkeys arranged a fabulous dinner in honor of Aibolit. And then they installed a stone in memory of the doctor.
The doctor said goodbye to the monkeys and promised to return soon. Until then, he left in Africa Karudo, Chichi and a crocodile who were born in Africa.
He crossed the river and again ended up on the lands of Barmaley.
Chapter 16
Indeed, the pirates were already waiting for Aibolit. But he did not lose his head, jumped up on the push-and-pull and quickly galloped through the forest. The pusher didn't let anyone near him. And then the crocodile, Chichi and Abba came to the rescue. So Aibolit safely reached the shore.
There he saw beautiful ship Barmaley and decided to capture him.
Aibolit boarded the ship and set sail. Barmaley ran out of the forest and began to swear dirtyly. But Aibolit only laughed at him.
Very soon the ship landed on their native shores.
Chapter 17
Aibolit returned home and all the animals greeted him joyfully. many at first were afraid of the pull, but soon got used to it.
And Tanya and Vanya became completely inseparable from the pusher. They rode on it all the time.
I wanted to ride on the tyanitolkay and Varvara. She climbed onto her back and began to push with her umbrella, calling her a two-headed donkey. And the pusher threw her into the sea. Varvara began to sink and not a single animal began to help her.
It is a pity that Robinson sailed by, on his new ship, and saved Varvara. But Aibolit shouted to him to take her to hell, and Robinson took Varvara to a desert island.
Part 2. Penta and sea pirates
Chapter 1
Aibolit and his friends loved to walk along the seashore, through fields and meadows. And then one day he found a cave that was locked up. Everyone decided that very tasty things were stored in the cave and began to look for the key. But there was no key.
Then the owl said that she heard a man put his hand in his pocket in the cave. And that a tear rolls down his cheek.
Dr. Aibolit got excited. He began to call to break the unfortunate castle.
Chapter 2. Penta
The pusher ran home and brought an axe. Aibolit dropped the door and entered the cave. Sitting there on the straw a little boy. He saw Aibolit and realized that he was not a pirate.
The boy said that his name was Penta, and that yesterday he was put in a cave by pirates who captured his father, a tall, red-haired fisherman with a beard.
Aibolit promised to help find the boy's father and called the dolphins.
Chapter 3. Dolphins
Dolphins sailed and Aibolit asked them to find a fisherman that the pirates could throw into the sea.
Dolphins searched the whole sea, but nowhere did they find a drowned man.
Penta was delighted, because it meant that his father was alive and Aibolit promised the boy to find him.
Chapter 4. Eagles
Aibolit called the eagles and asked them to fly all over the earth and find a fisherman with red hair and a beard. The eagles carefully examined the whole land and returned to Aibolit.
They said that there is no such fisherman on earth.
Chapter 5
Penta was very upset, but Abba said that although eagles have very sharp eyesight, only a dog can find a person. The rest of the friends did not believe Abba and Abba promised that within three days he would find Penta's father.
He asked to give him the thing of Father Penta, and the boy gave him a red handkerchief that smelled of tobacco and herring.
Abba said that today the wind was blowing from the north and began to sniff. He caught the scent of ice and snow, deer and polar bears, fir cones, but the wind did not carry the smell of a fisherman.
Chapter 6
The next day the wind blew from the south and Abba caught the smell of roses and grapes, pyramids and sand, giraffes and monkeys. But there was no fisherman in the south either.
Then the wind blew from the west and Abba joyfully ran to the doctor. He smelled the fisherman and announced that he was across the sea, on the other side of it.
Aibolit ran to Robinson. He, of course, again gave his ship to Aibolit and all the animals and the doctor himself swam forward. Only Penta was sad and did not believe that his father would be found.
They sailed for a long time and the animals began to grumble and scold Abba, saying that they would never find Penta's father. A rock appeared ahead and Abba declared that the smell was coming from there.
But the rock was empty.
Chapter 7
But Abba did not lose heart, he ran around the rock and noticed a small island nearby. Abba rushed to the island and found a narrow hole in which the unfortunate fisherman lay.
He was frightened, thinking that pirates had come, but he saw the kind Aibolit and realized that he was not a pirate. He asked for food and ate the whole loaf. Then Aibolit took him to Penta and he joyfully hugged his father.
Aibolit took the boy with his father to native village where Penta's mother was waiting for them. She stood on the shore for twenty days and waited for her husband and son.
Everyone was very happy and wanted to kiss Abva, but the dog ran away, although the praise was very pleasant to her.
And Aibolit agreed to stay with Penta's parents.
Chapter 8
In the village everyone praised the doctor and gave him flowers. And then the dwarf Bambuko, a very respected shepherd, came and presented Abva with a beautiful collar.
Finally, Aibolit began to get ready to go home. The villagers dissuaded him, saying that it was dangerous in the sea and pirates were rummaging around there, but Aibolit was confident in the speed of his ship.
Chapter 9. Pirates
Aibolit sailed for three days and saw a deserted island. He did not know that there were pirates hiding behind the stones. He was walking serenely on the deck when a ship with black sails appeared from behind the island.
Aibolit shouted to raise all the sails, but the pirates overtook him. And on the deck of the pirate ship, Barmaley gloated with a pistol and a saber.
But Aibolit called the swallow and asked her to call the cranes. Cranes flew in and harnessed to Aibolit's ship. He flew over the waves and the pirates quickly fell behind.
Chapter 10
The cranes dragged Aibolit's ship to the shore and flew into their swamp. And Aibolit saw rats running from the ship. And the old rat told the young one that there was a leak in the hold and the ship would sink tomorrow.
Aibolit and his friends hurriedly left the ship and set off on foot along the shore.
Then a swallow flew in and said that the pirates had captured Aibolit's ship and were going to sail on it. Aibolit only grinned, promising that the pirates would not swim far. And then he offered to capture the pirate ship for now.
Friends ran to the pirate ship and it was empty. All the pirates were on Aibolit's ship.
Chapter 11
When Aibolit sailed past the pirate ship, Oink-Oink pig suddenly sneezed and the pirates saw Aibolit. They gave chase. Aibolit's ship was faster and began to gradually move away from the pirates. But then Barmaley fired a pistol and the bullet hit the chest of the pusher. The pusher fell into the water and began to sink.
Aibolit stopped the ship and threw a pulling rope, and then pulled it onto the deck and tied it up.
But time was lost and the pirates caught up with the ship. They rejoiced and looked forward to how they would deal with Aibolit and his animals.
Chapter 12
The animals were frightened, but the owl said that the pirates would drown anyway, because there was a leak in the hold. Aibolit shouted to Barmaley that his ship would sink, because rats had escaped from it.
And the pirates really saw that their ship was sinking into the water. Soon he drowned, and the pirates floundered in the water and begged for salvation. Barmaley even swam to Aibolit's ship and began to climb the stairs. But Abba growled at him and Barmaley fell into the water. He asked to be saved, but no one came to his aid.
Chapter 13
And then sharks appeared, which instantly ate all the pirates.
And then the doctor heard someone calling him and saw Karudo, who said that the crocodile and Chichi were swimming next. They got bored in Africa and decided to return to Aibolit.
Aibolit and the animals returned to hometown Pindemonte and were amazed by the solemn meeting.
Crowds of people praised the doctor and cheered. It turned out that Penta came and told how Aibolit saved him and his father from the pirates, and then everyone found out that the pirates had died. Robinson, in joy, presented Aibolit with a new ship.
Then the cranes came and brought the most delicious fruits. A huge feast began. But the doctor soon left, and Penta followed him. He saw that the doctor was frowning and asked why.
Aibolit led him into the house and showed him the sick animals, which urgently needed to be treated. And Penta decided to help Aibolit. he made a very capable assistant.
Part 3. Fire and water
Chapter 1. Dr. Aibolit is waiting for a new guest.
The city of Pindemonte stood on the seashore and there were dangerous rocks near the shore, on which any ship could crash. Therefore, near the city there was a lighthouse, on which the old Negro Jumbo was on duty.
And somehow Aibolit sailed to Jumbo and asked to light the lighthouse today. He was waiting for the return of Robinson from Africa and did not want him to crash on the rocks. After all, Robinson was carrying the son of pushing Dick, whom he had not seen for eleven months and missed him very much.
Jumbo promised to light four lamps at once.
Chapter 2. Lighthouse
Aibolit cured all the animals and went to bed. But suddenly a seagull knocked on his window. She was very excited and said that there was no light in the lighthouse.
Aibolit got scared and rushed into the boat. He rowed to the lighthouse, but Robinson's ship was already approaching the shore. Then Aibolit asked the seagull to detain the ship.
The helmsman whistled a song merrily, not knowing that he was heading straight for the rocks. Dick looked forward to meeting his father. And suddenly gulls flew in and began to peck at the helmsman. He began to fight back, not realizing that the seagulls wanted to save the ship. And he called other sailors, who began to drive away the seagulls.
Chapter 3. Jumbo
Aibolit swam to the lighthouse, but the door was locked and no one responded to the knock. Then Aibolit knocked out the door and began to climb up the spiral staircase. He was in a hurry.
Suddenly he saw a man lying in the dark, it was Jumbo. But Aibolit could not stop and check if he was alive, because the life of the whole ship depended on him.
He climbed the lighthouse and suddenly screamed. He forgot his matches at home. He looked for matches in the lighthouse and did not find them. The duck searched Jumbo's pockets and found no match either.
Chapter 4
Suddenly, Aibolit heard the chirping of a canary and ran downstairs. He found a cage with a canary and asked her about the matches. The canary complained that she was cold, that the wind was blowing, but nevertheless she said where the matches were. And Aibolit again rushed to the lighthouse, not knowing whether he would have time to light the fire.
Chapter 5
Aibolit finally lit the lantern and heard how the alarm was raised on the ship - they saw stones. The ship was saved and Aibolit went down to Jumbo. He saw a large wound on his forehead and gave him medicine.
When Jumbo came to his senses, he said that he was attacked by the pirate Benalis, who had escaped from a desert island.
The canary said that Benalis had run away to the mountains and that he wanted to set fire to Aibolit's house.
Aibolit rushed home, in the dark he fell several times and scratched his face. But he was in a hurry, fearing that his animals would die if the pirate had time to set fire to the house.
Chapter 6
But then the doctor was seized by Benalis. He swore angrily and pushed the doctor down the well. And then he laughed mockingly and ran to set fire to the house.
Aibolit shouted Save, but no one heard him.
And the pirate got into the house and set it on fire. He stood and admired the fire.
Finally, the frog heard the doctor and went after the cranes.
Chapter 7
The cranes brought the rope. Aibolit got out of the well and rushed to the house. The house was on fire, but the animals continued to sleep. Aibolit rushed straight into the fire. His hair was on fire, he screamed, but no one heard him. Finally he got to Chichi and woke her up. She immediately screamed loudly, the animals woke up and began to run out of the house. And Aibolit rushed into the office, because there were rabbits in the closet. He released the rabbits and began to descend, but his head was spinning and he fell, losing consciousness.
Abba threw herself into the fire and pulled out Aibolit. Together with Chichi, they dragged Aibolit to the stream and the doctor came to his senses.
Birds flew from all sides and carried water, a bear came running and brought a huge bucket. But then three whales sailed and easily extinguished the fire with fountains.
Chapter 8. Dick
The house burned down and Aibolit decided to live in a cave. The bear called him to the den, the frog to the well, the owl to the hollow, but Aibolit refused.
He went ashore to look for a cave and saw Dick meet with a pusher. They kissed with all their heads.
Dick was immediately liked by everyone and he was showered with delicious gifts.
Chapter 9
Then the seagulls flew in and began to shout that Benalis was sailing on a boat to Robinson's ship and wanted to steal it.
Parrot Karudo ordered the seagulls to fly to the lighthouse and block the light from the pirate. A bunch of seagulls easily blocked the light and Benalis' boat crashed on the rocks. The pirate began to scream and call for help, but Karudo sternly answered him that he, the villain, served him right.
Chapter 10
Benalis drowned, but the doctor could not find the cave and was therefore sad. And then a thunderstorm began and the doctor got wet, he felt that he was getting sick. The animals were alarmed, but did not know how to help Aibolit.
And then the beavers came, who announced that only after learning about the fire, they felled thirty trees and built a new house for Aibolit. After all, beavers have such sharp teeth.
The house was magnificent and the stove was immediately flooded in it. The doctor warmed up, but was still very weak. And then Robinson and Jumbo came and brought jam.
The doctor sat happy in his chair and listened to his friends having fun.
Part 4. The adventures of the white mouse
Chapter 1
Lived in the world white mouse named Belyanka. She was the only white among the gray mice. When the gray mice went for a walk in the dark, the black cat did not notice them. But he immediately saw Belyanka and grabbed it. The white-haired woman began to ask for mercy, but the Cat only bared his teeth.
Chapter 2
But then Penta appeared and drove the cat away. He took Belyanka to him and put her in a cage. It was warm and good in the cage, but the mouse did not want to live in the cage. Therefore, at night she gnawed through the bars of the lattice and ran away.
Chapter 3
And then it began to snow and the streets of the city became white. Now Belyanka could not be afraid of cats, they did not see her on the white snow. She was walking cheerfully around the city and suddenly met an old rat. She was crying loudly.
The rat complained that for the third day she had not eaten anything, because she could not go outside, on the white snow they would immediately notice her and catch her.
Then Belyanka decided to help the old rat and brought a piece of cheese and a slice of bread from the garbage heap.
Chapter 4
So they lived all winter, and when the snow melted, it was the turn of the old rat to carry food for Belyanka.
And then one day Belyanka saw her gray brothers. They went to have fun in the forest. White began to ask with them, but the gray mice refused her. After all, an owl lived in the forest, which could easily find Belyanka.
The little white wept bitterly, and the old rat decided to help her. She took Belyanka to the dyer's workshop and showed him buckets of different colors. The old rat told Belyanka to jump into a bucket of gray paint. And Belyanka also turned gray.
Chapter 5
In the morning, Belyanka saw that she had become not gray, but yellow. It turns out in the dark an old rat mixed up buckets of paint. The white-haired woman was offended by the rat, scolded her and ran away.
On the street, everyone started chasing her. After all, no one has seen yellow mice. And Belyanka with difficulty reached her native hole. But the mother did not recognize Belyanka in the yellow mouse either. Her sisters and brothers pushed her out of the hole. Belyanka reached the sea.
Chapter 6
The white-haired girl rushed into the sea and tried to wash off the nasty paint. But the paint didn't wash off. Unhappy and wet, she climbed ashore. The sun was about to rise soon, and then someone would definitely catch her.
Suddenly she saw a mouse with a bow on its tail. Belyanka asked about the bow, but it turned out that it was a bandage that Dr. Aibolit put on.
Belyanka heard about a doctor who heals all animals and went to him. Aibolit saw a yellow mouse and was very happy. He said that let her always remain yellow, because it is so beautiful - a golden mouse. And so that no one would eat it, Aibolit offered Belyanka to live with him and even gave her a new name - Fija.
And the yellow mouse stayed with Aibolit.
Drawings and illustrations for the fairy tale "Doctor Aibolit"
