What does the particle mean in the surname. German surnames for girls

Hello dear.
Have you ever paid attention to complex surnames? On all sorts of background and tsu? Personally, these things have always caught my eye. And I understood that this is far from always connected with a noble origin or de titles. Because it happens in different ways :-) Let's look at some examples.

Ursula von der Leyen
Let's start with the German ones. The most famous prefix to the surname is, in fact, von (von). Most often it is really an aristocratic surname. It can be translated as "from" The prefix "von" indicates the place of origin of the surname, although there were cases when the surname was not associated with the place of residence. Well, Otto von Bismarck, for example. As an option, it is not "background", but "fom". These are abbreviations of variants with the articles "von der", "von dem". The essence is the same


Vladimir Fyodorovich von der Launitz
Another variant of aristocratic surnames was the prefix zu (options "tsum", "tsur", etc.). It can be translated as "in". And most often it was used in a mixed version of "von und zu", for example, Hartmann von und zu Liechtenstein.

The combination of the prefixes “von” and “tsu” in the form “von und tsu” indicates that person of noble birth, whose ancestors have been living in this territory since the Middle Ages, that is, this territory is in the possession of the family by the time the surname is “fixed”. In addition, the prefix "tsu" was worn primarily by the so-called "sovereign princes", who, in connection with the mediatization of 1803-1806, did not lose princely title, but lost their "territorial" supremacy (for example, zu Isenburg, zu Stolberg). Thus, they differed from those princes who ruled after 1815 and wore the prefix "von".
And here are the options
in, im, in der, an der, am, auf, auf der, aus, aus dem, aus den were not at all a sign noble family. Unless they were integral part possessive title. Although they also had the meaning "of". So-and-so from such a place.
Here is a famous German hockey goalkeeper, for example, has the surname Danny aus den Birken

Close meanings to German in Scandinavia and Finland. This or born noble families, or altered after receiving the title of nobility. For example, Carl von Linnaeus (von Linné). Before the title was just Carl Linnaeus :-)

Although sometimes other prefixes were used. For example, af, or even the French de or de la (rarely though).
But the Swedish hockey player Jacob de la Rose plays in the NHL


A similar path was followed in Lithuania. The assignment of some awards equates the receipt of a knighthood, that is, the nobility, and thus can change the surname. Well-known media personality Anastasia von Kalmanovich changed her surname after her late (alas) interesting husband Shabtai Kolmanovich received the Order of Grand Duke Gediminas.

To be continued...
Have a nice time of the day.

The meaning and origin of male and female German names and surnames. Ancient and modern German names. Interesting facts about German names.

4.08.2016 / 14:19 | Varvara Pokrovskaya

You have acquaintances, friends, business partners from Germany and you want to know more about their names and surnames. Then this article will surely be useful to you.

Features of German names

German names formed in several stages under the influence of political, historical, cultural processes. According to their origin, they can be divided into three groups:

• old Germanic names

They were formed back in the 7th-4th centuries. BC e. Closely associated with magic, mythology, totem, military symbols and were intended to influence further fate and character of a person. Some of them have Scandinavian origin. Consist of two parts. In modern use, there are no more than a few hundred of them. The rest are long outdated.

• Latin, Greek, Hebrew (Biblical) names

Widespread so far, due to its versatility. They are familiar to the ears of representatives of any country and go well with surnames. Used as in original form, and with some phonetic changes characteristic of the German language. For example: Victor, Katarina (Catherine), Nicholas (Nikolai), Alexander, Johann (Ivan), Joseph (Joseph), etc.

• foreign names used in abbreviated form

Fashion for them appeared in the middle of the last century. At first they were French - Marie, Annette, Catherine. Later they were joined by Russians (Sasha, Natasha, Vera, Vadim) and Arabic/Turkic variants of Jam (Jamil), Abu (Abdullah) and others.

Meanings of some ancient Germanic names

Until now, there is a tradition in Germany to give the newborn several names, sometimes there are up to ten. Upon reaching the age of majority, this number can be reduced at your discretion. The usual practice is 1-2 given names + surname. Middle names are not used.

Do you know that full name the legendary Catherine I - Sophia-August-Frederick of Anhalt-Zerbst (German: Sophie Auguste Friederike von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg), the brilliant Mozart - Johann Chrysostom Wolfgang Theophilus Mozart, the current Vice-Chancellor of Germany - Angela Dorothea Merkel (Kasner) - Angela Dorothea Merkel (Kasner)?

But they are far from the record holder. In 1904, one baby was given a 740-letter name at birth. It looked something like this: Adolph Blaine Charles David Earl Frederick Gerald Hubert Irvine John Kenneth Lloyd Martin Nero Oliver Paul Quincy Randolph Sherman Thomas Juncas Victor William Xerxes Yancey Zeus Wolfe schlegelsteinhausenbergerdor + a few hundred more hard-to-read and almost untranslatable letter combinations. A no less impressive surname was attached to it, but a little more modest - only 540 letters.

Restrictions

German society is known for its conservatism and pedantry. This also applies to names. Unlike Russia and the CIS countries, which are liberal in this regard, where registry offices quite officially register children with the names Tsar, Cinderella, Dolphin and even Lucifer, such a number will not work in Germany. Exotic parents will have to defend their opinion in court, the decision of which is unlikely to be comforting for them. There are a number of restrictions fixed at the legislative level + a list of allowed names.

Forbidden:

• Giving a name without a clear gender sign, i.e. calling a boy a female name or a girl a male. The exception is the name Maria. It can be chosen as the second male: Paul Maria, Hans Maria, Otto Maria.
• Use topographic names - cities, towns, countries.
• Religious taboos - Allah, Judas, Demon, Christ, Buddha.
• Offensive, ambiguous names. For example, Peter Silie - Parsley.
• Surnames of famous people.
• Titles.
• Titles trademarks- Porsche, Pampers, Joghurt.
• Name children from the same family with the same name. But this ban can be easily bypassed if desired. Enough to register double names with the same first, but different second: Anna-Maria and Anna-Martha, Karl-Richard and Karl-Stefan.

For obvious reasons, to this day the name Adolf is an unspoken taboo.

Phonetics

Not true: Heinrich Heine, Wilhelm Hohenzollern

Right: Heinrich Heine, Wilhelm Hohenzollern

Error: Hans, Helmut

Right: Hans, Hellmuth

But: Herbert, Gerwig, Gerda, Herman

German female names

IN modern Germany abbreviated female names were widely used. Instead of Katarina - Katya, Margarita - Margo. You can often find forms formed by the merger of two different names: Anna + Margaret = Annagret, Maria + Magdalena = Marlena, Anna + Maria = Annamaria, Anna + Lisa = Anneliese, Hanna + Laura (Lauryn) = Hannelore. German female names end in -lind(a), -hild(a), -held(a), -a, ine, -i. The exception is the name Erdmut (Erdmute).

List of common German female names:

• Agna, Agnetta, Agnes - chaste, holy;
• Anna, Annie - mercy (God), grace;
• Astrid - beautiful, goddess of beauty;
• Beata - blessed;
• Berta - brilliant, magnificent;
• Wilda - wild;
• Ida is kind;
• Laura - laurel;
• Margareta, Greta - a gem;
• Rosemary - reminder;
• Sophie, Sophia - wisdom;
• Teresa - strong and beloved;
• Ursula - bear;
• Hanna - God is merciful;
• Helga - divine;
• Helena - torch;
• Hilda - practical;
• Frida - peaceful;

Erma - harmonious.

German names for men

In the 20th century, the majestic names of German kings and emperors - Albert, Karl, Wilhelm, Friedrich, Heinrich - were replaced by simpler ones - Andreas, Alexander, Alex, Michael, Klaus, Peter, Eric, Frank. Names are widespread literary heroes and movie characters: Thiel, Daniel, Chris, Emil, Otto, Arno, Felix, Rocky. Mostly male German names end in consonants, often at the end combinations of letters -brand, -ger, -bert, -hart, -mut are used. Less oh.

German names and surnames

The first German surnames appeared in the Middle Ages and belonged exclusively to aristocrats. They pointed to the origin of a person, personal qualities, generic names. Ordinary people were addressed simply by their first name. By the beginning of the 20th century, all Germans had surnames, regardless of class.

In modern Germany, surnames mainly consist of one word, occasionally two. The law of 1993 abolished three-syllable and more constructions. Aristocratic prefixes - von der, von, der, von und zu are written together with the main part of the surname: von Berne - Vonbern, der Löwe - Derlöwe. The indication of titles was abolished in 1919.

Surnames Slavic origin in Germany they do not change their ending, regardless of whether they belong to a man or a woman. At the time of marriage, both spouses receive a common surname. Traditionally, this is the husband's surname. It is also given to children. Name change in Germany own will not allowed. The exception is cases with dissonant options. In German identity documents, the main name is indicated in the first place, then the second, and after them the surname: Michael Stefan Haase, Mari Stefani Klain, Hanns Gerbert Rosenberg.

Common German surnames

German boy names

In the family, when communicating with peers or in an informal setting to address boys, diminutive and short forms of the name are used, formed by adding the suffixes -lein, -le, -cher, Heinz - Heinzle, Klaus - Klauslein, Peter - Peterle (by analogy with Russians -chka, -check-, -enka, - point: Vovochka, Vanechka, Petenka).

German girls names

The same rule applies when creating girlish diminutive names: Petra, Velma, Irma - Petralein, Velmacher, Irmachen, Rosechen. When formally addressing girls over 15, Fraeulein is added before the name, to lovely lady younger age- Maedchen.

Beautiful German names

Peculiar German the rigidity of the sound gives uniqueness and inimitable charm as originally Germanic names, and borrowed, for example, Italian or Russian. Beauty and harmony, of course, are subjective concepts, but we managed to compile the top of the most beautiful German names according to social media users.

Top 10 most beautiful female German names

1. Alma
2. Angelica
3. Iolanta
4. Isolde
5. Louise
6. Mirabella
7. Emily
8. Paula
9. Silvia
10. Frederic

Top 10 most beautiful male German names:

1. Stephen
2. Elias
3. Lucas
4. Martin
5. juergen
6. Gabriel
7. Emil
8. Ralph
9. Theodore (Theo)

The meaning of German names

Quite common in Germany biblical names, only in a slightly modified form. Their meaning corresponds to the original source.

Biblical names

Popular German names

Sophie, Marie, Mia were the most popular female names in 2015, according to data from several hundred German birth registration offices Standesamt. Among men, Lucas, Alexander, Max, Ben are in the lead. Also, many parents are increasingly choosing somewhat old-fashioned names for newborns: Karl, Julius, Otto, Oswald.

German Shepherd Names

A properly chosen dog name will greatly facilitate the process of training and everyday interaction with the animal. The best option is a name of one or two syllables, with voiced consonants, partially characterizing the character or appearance of the pet. It is recommended to call puppies from one litter with names starting with one letter.

For German Shepherds - smart, disciplined, stately, nicknames-titles, such as Kaiser, Graf, Lord, King, Milady, are suitable. You can use the words in German: Schwarz - black, Brown - brown, Schnell - fast, Spock - Calm, Edel - noble. The names of various German provinces in full or abbreviated form sound beautiful - Westphalia, Lorraine (Lori, Lot), Bavaria, Alsace.

Two years have flown by in Naruto's world. Former rookies have joined the ranks of experienced shinobi in the ranks of chūnin and jonin. The main characters did not sit still - each became a student of one of the legendary Sannin - the three great ninja of Konoha. The guy in orange continued his training with the wise but eccentric Jiraiya, gradually ascending to a new level of martial prowess. Sakura has moved into the assistant and confidants of the healer Tsunade - the new leader of the Leaf Village. Well, Sasuke, whose pride led to expulsion from Konoha, entered into a temporary alliance with the sinister Orochimaru, and each believes that he is only using the other for the time being.

The brief respite is over, and events in Once again rushed with hurricane speed. In Konoha, the seeds of old strife, sown by the first Hokage, sprout again. The mysterious leader of the Akatsuki set in motion a plan for world domination. Unsettled in the Village of Sand and neighboring countries, old secrets emerge everywhere, and it is clear that one day the bills will have to be paid. The long-awaited continuation of the manga inhaled new life to the series and a new hope to the hearts of countless fans!

© Hollow, World Art

Due to their sonority and beauty, German family nicknames are very popular among the peoples of many countries. Each of the proper names is unique and has a specific origin. Everyone who wants to join the culture of the peoples of Germany will be able to pick up a nickname to their liking that is beautiful in sound or with sacred meaning.

German names and surnames

The history of the appearance of German names and surnames begins in ancient times. Personal names were called upon to carry not only beautiful combination, but also magical meaning which endowed the owner with certain qualities of character. The family nicknames of the Germans had a slightly different character of formation. They began to emerge from nickname meanings that reflected:

• already existing bright qualities of a person (Braun - brown, Schwarz - black, Klein - small);
• the area where he lived (von Berne, von der Vogelweide);
• the owner's profession or occupation (Becker - baker, Koch - cook, Bauer - peasant);
• many were formed from personal names (Peters, Walter).

Gradually, peculiar nicknames began to be recorded in official documents and acquired the meaning of the first German surnames, entrenched in all the descendants of the people who wore them. Business papers began to distribute them widely. In many modern families In Germany, it is customary to address servants simply by name, without using the addresses that are familiar to this European country and have a respectful meaning:

• Herr - for men;
• Frau - for women.

The prefix "von" in German surnames

Many Germanic surnames have the prefix "von" at the beginning. It was very honorable to have one, since it was assigned exclusively to people of noble blood - aristocrats. In ancient times, only feudal lords could have such a postscript - people who own servants and land plots. Today, the prefix "von" in German surnames can be found in people of any kind of activity, since everyone noble privileges have been cancelled.

German surnames for girls

Having sonorous names girls can take second foreign origin. For respectful address to women in Germany, the word "Frau", meaning "madam", is used. Beautiful German surnames for women with their meaning for girls:

• Kaufman is a merchant;
• Becker - baker;
• Rieger - from Riga;
• Klee - clover;
• Hertz - courage;
• Reuss - on behalf of;
• Schultz - headman;
• Mayer - farmer, burgomaster;
• Till is a strong ruler;
• Junghans - on behalf of the family.

German surnames for men

Noble and majestic meaning should be given to male German surnames. Representatives of the stronger sex can choose them by translation, in accordance with their profession or appearance. To emphasize significance, the word "Herr" should be used when addressing. List of popular beautiful male German proper names with their meanings:

• Fisher is a fisherman;
• Schmidt is a blacksmith;
• Becker is a baker;
• Koch - cook;
• Richter - judge;
• Brown - brown;
• Lange - big;
• Klein - small;
• Schroeder - tailor;
• Kehler - coal miner;
• Kening is the king;
• Krause - curly;
• Lehmann is a landowner.

Popular German surnames

Common German surnames are often used as pseudonyms. They are beautiful, noble, sonorous. Many people have these family names. famous people. List of popular beautiful Germanic proper names with meanings:

• Müller is a miller;
• Mayer - manager of the lands;
• Weber - weaver;
• Wagner - carriage maker;
• Schultz - headman;
• Hoffmann - courtier;
• Schaefer is a shepherd;
• Bauer is a peasant;
• Wolf - wolf;
• Neumann - new person;
• Zimmerman is a carpenter;
• Kruger - potter;
• Schwartz - black;
• Hartmann - from a male personal name.

There are other beautiful nicknames:

• Walter;
• Berg;
• Borman;
• Bremer;
• Brunner;
• Ganz;
• Gruber;
• Geller;
• Seiler;
• Simmel;
• Singer;
• Keller;
• Kramer;
• Liebknecht;
• Leitner;
• Merkel;
• Meyer;
• Moritz;
• Neller;
• Osterman;
• Pearl;
• Preuss;
• Riedel;
• Rogge;
• Rothman;
• Frieze;
• Fuchs;
• Hoffman;
• Zuckerman;
• Schwartz;
• Schiller;
• Schmidt;
• Schneider;
• Schroeder;
• Matte;
• Ebel.