It's hard to imagine world music without the influence of Hungary. It was this country that gave the world art of Liszt, Kalman, Bartok and numerous original compositions.
The musical culture of Hungary is based on the traditions of the gypsies. And today, gypsy ensembles are very popular in the country, collecting full houses in many cities and villages.
Author's music
The composer Franz Liszt stood at the origins of the country's academic music. Among his compositions dedicated to Hungary, one can single out such an innovative work for that time as “Hungarian Rhapsodies”.
Many melodies are based on traditional motifs. In some, you can catch the sound of Hungarian dances - czardas and palotas.
Franz Liszt was an active promoter of the synthesis of the arts, he tried to connect music with literature and painting. The play "The Thinker" was developed under the impression of the sculpture of Michelangelo, "The Betrothal" was created after the painting by Raphael Santi. Acquainted with " Divine Comedy”, Liszt wrote the sonata “After reading Dante”.
Other recognized Hungarian composers active in the 20th century include the following:
- Imre Kalman. The creator of dozens of operettas, the most "Hungarian" of which is considered "Maritza".
- György Ligeti is a contemporary Hungarian composer who developed the avant-garde and absurd. One of his program works- "Requiem", written in the 1960s.
- Albert Shiklosh is a composer, pianist, cellist, creator of several operas, the most popular of which is The Moon House.
Folk Hungarian music
Along with numerous academic composers, folk music has always been present in Hungary.
In the 17th-18th centuries, Hungarian folk music was associated with gypsy music. Many performers performed in a mixed, Hungarian-Gypsy style. The result of this confusion was Musical direction- verbunkos.
The Hungarian verbunkos is characterized by a smooth transition between different rhythms of performance, from slow to energetic.
Elements of verbunkosh can be found in the works of a number of European composers. For example, the Rakosi March, the most famous melody of this style, is found in the works of Berlioz and Liszt.
On the basis of verbunkosha, the Čardash style developed after a few decades. In addition to gypsy motifs, it was based on village dances from different parts of the country. However, it was the gypsy groups that introduced this style to all neighboring states.
The peculiarity of the Hungarian csardas is the variability of tempos and rhythms, from smooth and slow to swift. Experts distinguish between several types: "shaking", lively and calm.
Many ciardas motifs can be found in major composers Europe: Brahms, Kalman, Tchaikovsky. Russian composer organically intertwined elements of this musical style in his ballet Swan Lake.
Silva, the most famous of the operettas written by Imre Kalman, is also dedicated to Czardas. Another name for this work is "The Queen of Csardas". The production went through several adaptations and is still popular today.
Among famous compositions written in this genre, we can note "Czardas" - a short piece lasting a little less than five minutes, created by the Italian musician Vittorio Monti. This is one of the few works of the author, actively performed today.
The Austrian Johann Strauss did not bypass the style. main character his operettas Bat"performs the Hungarian czardas in front of the public to prove his nationality.
Hungarian opera
Hungary is among the leading suppliers opera music Europe. The first Hungarian opera composer was Ferenc Erkel, who staged mid-nineteenth century opera "Maria Bathory". Then there were many other opera productions based on national motives.
Modern Hungarian opera is a rapid development and numerous experiences. Some performers combine classical opera with contemporary musical genres(such as techno music), others raise unusual topics. For example, Marton Illes sometimes uses Arabian motifs in his works, Tibor Kochak combines opera and rock music (as a result of which, for example, the production of Anna Karenina appeared).
Leading opera composers Hungary of the 20th century includes György Ranki and Tibor Polgar. In addition to operas, they are also known for their music created for Keleti's films.
The interpenetration of Hungarian and world musical cultures continues today. In Hungary, there are many artists working in the genre of rock and metal music. Among the main bands experimenting in these styles are Dalriada, Ossian, Omega, who perform all over Eastern Europe.
If you have any questions on this topic, ask them in the comments to the article. Subscribe to our mailing list to receive updates on our blog.
Hungarian composers are classics whose work has reached excellence. All these people sought to reach new limits and push the usual boundaries. classical music.
Imre Kalman
Hungarian composers and musicians also turned to the genre of operettas. great success in it has reached Him belong such famous works, like "Violet of Montmartre", "Princess of the Circus", "La Bayadère", "Silva". The composer was born in 1882, on October 24. The work of this man completes the heyday of the operetta. Kalman was born in Siofok, near Jewish family Karl Koppstein, who was engaged in trade. The future composer changed his last name back in school years, so he became Kalman.
Franz Liszt
Hungarian composers, in addition to creating great works, also teaching activities. In particular, among other things, he was a teacher, conductor, publicist and virtuoso pianist. It refers to the brightest representatives musical romanticism. The future composer was born in 1811, on October 22, in Riding. Liszt is the founder of the Weimar music school. Franz is one of the the greatest pianists nineteenth century. His era was the heyday of concert pianism. The composer himself was at the forefront of this process, since he had unlimited technical capabilities.
Bela Bartok
The great Hungarian composers were among the musicologists. In particular, such was Bela Bartok, who was born in 1881, on March 25, in Nagyszentmiklos. It's about about the composer, pianist and musicologist-folklorist. Bartók came from the family of the director of the school Agriculture and music teachers. His father was an amateur musician and played in an orchestra. Bartók grew up in an atmosphere rich in music. He listened to the concerts given by his father's orchestra, as well as the excellent performance of the works of his mother, a pianist.
Other composers
Other Hungarian composers deserve no less attention. Worth Considering outstanding personality Leo Weiner. He was born in 1885 in Budapest. We are talking about a composer and one of the greatest music teachers of his time. Weiner has won twice state prize Kossuth.
Enyo Zador - musical critic, teacher and composer. He was born in 1894, November 5, in Batasek. He was awarded the title of Doctor of Philosophy in 1921.
Pal Kadosha was born in Leva in 1903, on September 6th. This is a composer, pianist, public figure and a teacher. Zoltan Kodai, who was born in Kecskemét, in 1882, on December 16, also achieved success in his business. We are talking about a music theorist and a composer. Franz Lehár also took a special place. He was born in Komarno in 1870, on April 30th. We are talking about the conductor and the composer. Refers to the largest masters of the Viennese operetta. He has no successors or predecessors.
Next, we will tell you more about who Eden Peter Jozsef von Michalovich was. He was born in Ferichantsi, in 1842, on September 13th. This is about music teacher and composer. He studied in Pest. He was a student of Mihai Mosonyi. Later he attended the Leipzig Conservatory, where he studied with Moritz Hauptmann. He continued to improve his skills in Munich. He was a student of Peter Cornelius. Belonged to the followers and admirers of Richard Wagner. He is the author of operas. The composer also wrote 4 symphonies, 7 symphonic poems and songs. From 1887 to 1919 he served as rector of the Budapest National Academy of Music.
These are far from all Hungarian composers who are worthy of our attention. After all, they have made a significant contribution to the development of the world's musical heritage.
August 7, 2016Hungarian composers are classics whose work has reached excellence. All these people sought to reach new limits and push the usual boundaries of classical music.
Imre Kalman
Hungarian composers and musicians also turned to the genre of operettas. Imre Kalman achieved great success in it. He owns such famous works as "The Violet of Montmartre", "Princess of the Circus", "La Bayadere", "Silva". The composer was born in 1882, on October 24. The work of this man completes the heyday of the operetta. Kalman was born in Siofok, near Lake Balaton. Comes from the Jewish family of Karl Koppstein, who was engaged in trade. The future composer changed his last name during his school years, so he became Kalman.
Franz Liszt
Hungarian composers, in addition to creating great works, were also engaged in teaching activities. In particular, Franz Liszt, among other things, was a teacher, conductor, publicist and virtuoso pianist. He belongs to the brightest representatives of musical romanticism. The future composer was born in 1811, on October 22, in Riding. Liszt is the founder of the Weimar School of Music. Ferenc is one of the greatest pianists of the nineteenth century. His era was the heyday of concert pianism. The composer himself was at the forefront of this process, since he had unlimited technical capabilities.
Related videos
Bela Bartok
The great Hungarian composers were among the musicologists. In particular, such was Bela Bartok, who was born in 1881, on March 25, in Nagyszentmiklos. We are talking about a composer, pianist and musicologist-folklorist. Bartók came from the family of an agricultural school director and a music teacher. His father was an amateur musician and played in an orchestra. Bartók grew up in an atmosphere rich in music. He listened to the concerts given by his father's orchestra, as well as the excellent performance of the works of his mother, a pianist.
Other composers
Other Hungarian composers deserve no less attention. It is worth considering the outstanding personality of Leo Weiner. He was born in 1885 in Budapest. We are talking about a composer and one of the greatest music teachers of his time. Weiner twice became the laureate of the Kossuth State Prize.
Enyo Zador is a music critic, teacher and composer. He was born in 1894, November 5, in Batasek. He was awarded the title of Doctor of Philosophy in 1921.
Pal Kadosha was born in Leva in 1903, on September 6th. We are talking about a composer, pianist, public figure and teacher. Zoltan Kodai, who was born in Kecskemét, in 1882, on December 16, also achieved success in his business. We are talking about a music theorist and a composer. Franz Lehár also took a special place. He was born in Komarno in 1870, on April 30th. We are talking about the conductor and the composer. Refers to the largest masters of the Viennese operetta. He has no successors or predecessors.
Next, we will tell you more about who Eden Peter Jozsef von Michalovich was. He was born in Ferichantsi, in 1842, on September 13th. We are talking about a music teacher and composer. He studied in Pest. He was a student of Mihai Mosonyi. Later he attended the Leipzig Conservatory, where he studied with Moritz Hauptmann. He continued to improve his skills in Munich. He was a student of Peter Cornelius. Belonged to the followers and admirers of Richard Wagner. He is the author of operas. The composer also wrote 4 symphonies, 7 symphonic poems and songs. From 1887 to 1919 he served as rector of the Budapest National Academy of Music.
These are far from all Hungarian composers who are worthy of our attention. After all, they have made a significant contribution to the development of the world's musical heritage.
Source: fb.ru
Actual
Here is a list of 10 composers you should know. It is safe to say about each of them that he is the greatest composer who has ever been, although in fact it is impossible, and indeed impossible, to compare music written over several centuries. However, all these composers stand out among their contemporaries as the composers who composed the music. the highest level and sought to push the boundaries of classical music to new limits. The list does not contain any order, such as importance or personal preference. Simply 10 great composers you should know.
Each composer is accompanied by a quotable fact of his life, remembering which you will look like an expert. And by clicking on the link to the names, you will recognize him full biography. And of course, you can listen to one of the significant works of each master.
The most important figure in world classical music. One of the most performed and respected composers in the world. He worked in all the genres that existed in his time, including opera, ballet, music for dramatic performances, choral compositions. The most significant in his legacy are considered instrumental works: piano, violin and cello sonatas, concertos for pianoforte, for violin, quartets, overtures, symphonies. The founder of the romantic period in classical music.
Interesting fact.
Beethoven first wanted to dedicate his third symphony (1804) to Napoleon, the composer was fascinated by the personality of this man, who seemed to many at the beginning of his reign a real hero. But when Napoleon proclaimed himself emperor, Beethoven crossed out his dedication to title page and wrote only one word - "Heroic".
"Moonlight Sonata" by L. Beethoven, listen:
2. (1685-1750)
German composer and organist, representative of the Baroque era. One of the greatest composers in the history of music. During his life, Bach wrote more than 1000 works. All his works are significant genres of that time, except for opera; he summarized the achievements musical art baroque period. Ancestor of the most famous musical dynasty.
Interesting fact.
During his lifetime, Bach was so underestimated that less than a dozen of his works were published.
Toccata and fugue in D minor by J.S. Bach, listen:
3. (1756-1791)
Great Austrian composer, instrumentalist and conductor, representative of the Vienna classical school, a virtuoso violinist, harpsichordist, organist, conductor, he possessed a phenomenal ear for music, memory and the ability to improvise. As a composer who has excelled in every genre, he is rightfully considered one of the greatest composers in the history of classical music.
Interesting fact.
While still a child, Mozart memorized and wrote down the Miserere (Cat. chant to the text of the 50th Psalm of David) by the Italian Grigorio Allegri, having listened to it only once.
"Little Night Serenade" by W. A. Mozart, listen:
4. (1813-1883)
German composer, conductor, playwright, philosopher. Had a significant impact on European culture turn XIX-XX centuries, especially modernism. Wagner's operas amaze with their grand scale and eternal human values.
Interesting fact.
Wagner took part in the failed revolution of 1848-1849 in Germany and was forced to hide from arrest by Franz Liszt.
"Ride of the Valkyries" from the opera "Valkyrie" by R. Wagner, listen
5. (1840-1893)
Italian composer, central figure Italian opera school. Verdi had a sense of the stage, temperament and impeccable skill. He did not deny operatic traditions (unlike Wagner), but rather developed them (traditions of Italian opera), he transformed Italian opera, filled it with realism, gave it the unity of the whole.
Interesting fact.
Verdi was an Italian nationalist and was elected to the first Italian Parliament in 1860, after Italy's independence from Austria.
Overture to D.Verdi's opera "La Traviata", listen:
7. Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky (1882-1971)
Russian (American - after emigration) composer, conductor, pianist. One of the most important composers of the twentieth century. Stravinsky's work is unified throughout his career, although in different periods the style of his works was different, but the core and Russian roots remained, which manifested themselves in all his works, he is considered one of the leading innovators of the twentieth century. His innovative use of rhythm and harmony has inspired and continues to inspire many musicians, and not just in classical music.
Interesting fact.
During World War I, Roman customs officials confiscated a portrait of Stravinsky by Pablo Picasso when the composer was leaving Italy. The portrait was painted in a futuristic manner and the customs officers mistook these circles and lines for some kind of encrypted secret material.
Suite from the ballet by I.F. Stravinsky " Firebird",
listen:
8. Johann Strauss (1825-1899)
Austrian composer light music, conductor and violinist. "King of Waltzes", he worked in the genre dance music and operettas. In his musical heritage more than 500 waltzes, polkas, square dances and other types of dance music, as well as several operettas and ballets. Thanks to him, the waltz became extremely popular in Vienna in the 19th century.
Interesting fact.
Father of Johann Strauss - also Johann and also famous musician, therefore, the "king of waltzes" is called the younger or son, his brothers Joseph and Eduard were also famous composers.
Waltz by I. Strauss "On the Beautiful Blue Danube", listen:
9. Sergei Vasilyevich Rahmaninov (1873-1943)
Austrian composer, one of the prominent representatives of the Viennese classical music school and one of the founders of romanticism in music. For my short life Schubert made significant contributions to orchestral, chamber and piano music which influenced an entire generation of composers. However, his most striking contribution was to the development of German romances, of which he created more than 600.
Interesting fact.
Schubert's friends and fellow musicians would get together and play Schubert's music. These meetings were called "Schubertiads" (Schubertiads). Some first fan club!
"Ave Maria" F.P. Schubert, listen:
Continuing the theme of the great composers you should know, new material.
Chamber vocal compositions. Songs: "Mignon", "Pied Piper", "Between Flowers", "Night", "Healed to Hope", "Isolation" ("Loneliness"), "Walk", "Peregrina" 1, 2, ballad "Fiery Horseman" , "The abandoned girl", "The boy and the bee", "The old woman's advice", "Juanita". "Italian Songs". "Walk", "At dawn".
Italian composer school
Opera.
- “Nebuchadnezzar”: Jewish choir “You are beautiful, O our homeland” from 3 acts.
- "Rigoletto": introduction to day 1; the Duke's canzone, the scene of Monterone's curse at the Duke's ball, Gilda's aria, the scene of Rigoletto and Sparafucile, the Hush, Hush chorus; duet of Gilda and Rigoletto from 2 acts, Rigoletto's aria; song of the Duke from 3d., quartet, final duet of Gilda and Rigoletto.
- “La Traviata”: introduction to day 1, choir-waltz of Violetta’s guests, Alfred’s drinking song, duet of Alfred and Violetta, Violetta’s aria from day 1; scene of Violetta and Germont, Germont's aria from 2 d.; the scene of playing cards at Flora's ball, the final ensemble of 3 days; introduction to 4 d., Violetta's aria, final scene of Germont, Alfred and Violetta from 3 d.
- Il trovatore: Ferrando's ballad (introduction), Leonora's cavatina, Manrico's romance, Leonora's, Manrico's and Count's tercet from 1 day; gypsy choir, Azucena's story and song, Count's aria from 2d.; choir of soldiers, scene of Azucena, Count, Ferrando, scene of Manrico and Leonora, cabaletta by Manrico from 3 acts; choir Miserere, aria by Leonora and duet with Manrico, duetino by Manrico and Azucena, finale 4 d. - "Don Carlos": duet of Carlos and Elisabeth from the introduction, choir
monks from 1 d., Carlos's arioso, duet of Carlos and Posa, Elizabeth's romance, Eboli's song about the veil from 1 d.; duet of don Carlos and Eboli, tercet with Pose, grand finale 2 days; aria of King Philip, duet of the king and the Grand Inquisitor, aria of Eboli, death of the Marquis of Posa, choral finale of 3 days; aria of queen elizabeth, duet of don carlos and elizabeta, choral finale 4 d.
- "Aida": introduction to the 1st day, romance by Radomes, tercet by Radomes Aida and Amneris Aida's aria, choral finale from 1st day; choir of the maidens Amneris, duet of Amneris and Aida, grand finale of 2 days, romance of Aida, duet of Aida and Amonasro, duet of Aida and Radomes, choral finale of 3 days; choir of priests, aria Amneris, final duet of Aida and Radomes from 4 d.
- "Othello": the choir "The Tempest" and the scene of the meeting of Othello and his soldiers, the drinking song of Iago, the duet of Othello and Desdemona and 1 d .; Iago's monologue "Credo", scene of Othello and Iago, Cypriot choir from 2 acts; introduction to the 3rd day, scene of Othello and Desdemona, monologue by Othello, tercet by Othello, Iago and Cassio, grand finale of the 3rd day; song and prayer of Desdemona, scene of Desdemona and Othello, final scene and monologue of Othello from 4 d.
- "Falstaff": Falstaff's monologue on honor, a quartet of Windsor pranksters, a scene of Nanette and Fenton from 1 d .; the scene of Falstaff and Ford, the song of Falstaff "Once I was a young page", finale 2 d .; Falstaff's monologue "A Terrible World", Fenton's romance, final chorus-fugue from 3 acts.
Choral music. Requiem.
French composer school
Opera.
- "Faust": prologue; cavatina Valentine, duet of Faust and Marguerite. verses of Mephistopheles, chorus-waltz from 1 act; Siebel's couplets, Margarita's ballad about the King of Ful, Margarita's aria with pearls from 2d.; the song of Margaret at the spinning wheel, the scene in the temple of Margaret and Mephistopheles, the serenade of Mephistopheles, the choir of soldiers, the scene of Faust and Valentine from 3 d.; duet of Faust and Margarita, choir of Angels, scene of Walpurgis Night from 4 d.
- "Romeo and Juliet": Juliet's aria-waltz from 1 d.
Opera"Manon": a scene in a tavern, Manon's aria, duet of Manon and de Grie from 1 act; "Dreams" de Grieux from 2 days; introduction to 4 d., aria de Grieux, scene of Manon and de Grieux from 4 d.; the scene in the gambling house, the final duet of Manon and de Grieux from 5 d.
Opera"Samson and Delilah": Delilah's arias from 1,2, 3 d.
Symphonic compositions: Concertos No. 2 and 5 for piano. with orchestra, symphonic poem "Dance of Death".
Chamber instrumental works: suite for chamber orchestra "Carnival of the Animals".
Opera"Carmen": overture, boys' choir, habanera soldiers' choir, seguedilla, Carmen's song with castanets, Carmen Zunige's response song from 1d.; gypsy song Carmen, quartet of smugglers, Jose's marching song, duet Jose and Carmen, Jose's aria with a flower, bullfighter's couplets from 2 e; choir of smugglers, Michaela's aria, tercet of gypsies and Carmen's arioso from 3d; instrumental bullfight scenes, choir, final duet Jose and Carmen from 4 d.
- "Pearl Seekers": choir of fishermen from 1 act, Nadir's romance., Nadir's aria.
Symphonic works. Suite for symphony orchestra"Arlesian".
Operetta"Beautiful Elena": overture, couplets of the kings "Dzin la-la", couplets of Elena, aria of Paris from 1 act; duet of Elena and Paris from 2 d., aria of Elena from 3 d.
Operetta "Orpheus in Hell": can-can.
Operetta "The Tales of Hoffmann": barcarolle.
"Spanish Symphony".
Symphonic works. Symphony in d-moll.
Symphonic poem "Gina".
Chamber instrumental compositions.
Prelude, chorale and fugue for piano.
Sonata for violin and piano. A-dur.
Czech Composer School
Symphonic works. The cycle of symphonic poems "My Motherland": "Vltava", "From the Czech fields and forests".
Opera"The Bartered Bride": overture, Marzhenka's arioso, choir
“How can we not have fun” from 1d .; arioso Enika, skochna from 2 days;
Marzhenka's aria from 3d.
Choral works. Cantata "Czech Song".
Symphonic works. Symphony No. 9 "From the New World". Symphonic poem"Water". Slavic dances (3-4 to choose from)
Piano trio "Dumki". Piano Quintet A-dur, String Quartet F-dur.
Vocal works. vocal cycle"Gypsy Melodies"
Additionally.
Choral works. Stabat Mater. Oratorio "Saint Ludmila".
Norwegian School of Composers
Symphonic works. Suite No. 1,2 "Peer Gynt", Piano Concerto.
Chamber instrumental works. Piano works: Ballade in g-moll, Sonata e-moll, "Lyric Pieces" for piano. (orchestral version).
String quartet g-moll.
Vocal works. Vocal cycle "Child of the Mountains".
Songs: “I love you”, “Swan”, “Dream”, “Hut”, “By the sea”.
Spanish Composer School
Piano works: fp cycle. plays "Iberia"; plays "Cordoba", "Navarra", "Sevillana", "Seguedilla", "On the Port", "Polo", "Tango", Sarabande, etc.
