In the article What is the best way for a child to learn to play: the piano, the guitar, the violin or ...? the conversation was about choosing a specialty for the child to study at the children's music school. It is impossible to cover all aspects in one article. this issue, so in this article we will continue the conversation on this topic and consider another problem.
Parents who are serious about educating their child in the nursery music school, in advance trying to get as much information about it as possible. They know that children of 5-6 years old are admitted to the preparatory department, and admission to the first grade is made from the age of 7. To send the child to the preparatory department or not - the parents decide for themselves. But they know that, for example, the specialty "piano" enjoys in great demand, and not always the chosen music school can accept everyone. If there are places for a specialty, then listening to a child is, in a sense, a formality. If the number of applicants exceeds the number of vacancies, then in this case children are selected. A child who went to the preparatory department for two years, became familiar with teachers and already knows and can do something, will have a great advantage in entering the specialty of interest over those children who came “from the street”. Therefore, education in the kindergarten class is not only good for the development of the child, but also necessary for admission to the first grade at school. of interest speciality. This means that for 1-2 years the child will study in the preparatory class, and with 7 years of education, he will study for another 7 years. 9 years is quite a long time, everything can change during this time. Therefore, it seems premature to think about what will happen after the child graduates from the children's music school. Is it so?
After 7 years of studying at a children's music school, the child will graduate from music school at the age of 14. If, after graduating from a children's music school, it was decided to enter School of Music, then he continues to study in the 8th grade of the children's music school and his further way more or less defined. If there is no desire to continue to engage in classical music, then there is big question: what to do next? If you do not maintain the skill of playing a musical instrument, then it will quickly decline, and after about 6 months of inactivity, the graduate will forget almost everything that he was taught at the children's music school. This often happens to pianists when there is a vicious circle: the child does not play the piano (because he was waiting for this torment to finally end) and it gets upset, but it is impractical to call the master to tune the instrument, because the child does not play it. Therefore, the piano gets out of tune more and more, and playing an out of tune piano is even less interesting, so it becomes unnecessary for anyone, but it’s a pity to throw it away, and there is no great desire to store it in a small apartment. There are 4 years left before graduation from secondary school, and in what form young musician will be engaged in music at this time - no one knows. On the one hand, a graduate of a children's music school knows how to do something, but on the other hand, his knowledge and skills are not enough to play in a musical group (he does not have the skill to play in an ensemble) and perform in clubs. He taught for 7 years classical works. Therefore, the maxim that most music school graduates can give out is to pick up the melody of a popular song and compose some classical fragments at the level of 2-3 grades. They will not even be able to play the synthesizer, because for this it is necessary to have the skill of improvisation and know the compositional forms of the work when playing in one or another musical style or direction.
We have come to the conclusion that if a graduate of a children's music school wants to take up pop music in the future, then he need to take an adaptation course his skills for non-classical music: the pianist needs to master playing the synthesizer, classical guitarist- learn to play the electric guitar, etc. You can also try to master another instrument. That's exactly what you need to devote those 4 years that remain until the end of the secondary school.
The effectiveness of this solution is obvious. At the age of 14, a teenager is quite active, is in search, and he is still interested in many things. He likes some music bands and performers, and he wouldn't mind, for starters, imitating them. For example, a pianist likes rock or dance music- the piano does not allow him to realize his interest, but the synthesizer does. The guitarist likes heavy music. On classical guitar you can’t play it, but on an electric guitar - no problem. Parents need to understand, help and competently direct the energy and interest of a teenager in the right and constructive direction. In this case, his interest in music will not only not weaken, but will also increase. I think that music is much more interesting than sitting all day at computer games or on the Internet. But just buying a musical instrument and equipment is often not enough to arouse interest in a teenager. Sometimes he also needs communication. Yes, he has an expensive synthesizer and an electric guitar at home, but in many cases it will be nothing if he does not have the opportunity to demonstrate his skills to other people. He must feel that music lessons are not an obligation, but interesting activity and communication. How can this be implemented? Very simple - on a commercial basis and very difficult - for free. Many commercial studios offer training in playing the synthesizer, electric guitar, etc. If you put the cost of training for one academic hour(45 minutes) equal to 1000 rubles, then with classes twice a week a month you will have to pay 8000 thousand rubles. I can say that not every family in Moscow can afford such expenses, not to mention the regions. Therefore, for many, only one option is possible - training for a small nominal fee, that is, training in non-profit public institutions. This training can be carried out as part of additional education, that's just the very additional education appears only on paper, but in fact it is not. And this is understandable. For equipment music studio the school requires from 100 to 300 thousand rubles. Where to get them, if schools are not allocated money even for the main thing - for the implementation of educational process? Somewhere there are still circles and houses of creativity, but, judging by the attitude of higher structures, in many of them the equipment has not been updated since the 70-80s of the last century. And playing on falling equipment, unusable and barely breathing musical instruments is an unpleasant occupation. There is only one thing left to organize at home musical leisure child and invite friends, or the child himself organizes his leisure time, only on the street.
IN Soviet years children without exception went to free circles, sections and music schools. Now teaching a child to music takes time, nerves, and money from parents. Some parents embody in their children an unfulfilled musical dream, others care about a broad outlook, but both of them have to suffer along with their children over solfeggio notebooks and over the notes of a new piece. We asked those who nevertheless received a diploma from a music school 10, 20 and even 30 years ago whether a musical education was useful to them in life.
“I went to the button accordion because dad said so, and I was purple!”
Sergey ZavtRick, 21 years old. Graduated from the music gymnasium 6 years ago; now a student of BSMU:
- The gymnasium was next to the house, it was a musical one, it was necessary to choose some other instrument as well. He clapped his hands, sang, repeated the rhythm - he entered without problems. I went to the button accordion because my dad said so, and I was purple. Bayan is fine. Dad just liked the button accordion. They didn’t force me to study, I liked to play myself. At school I was a good button accordion player, I even participated in the competition, however, I did not take anything, but I participated! Now the instrument is gathering dust in the country, I never took it in my hands from school. In general, musical education was very useful, especially developed sense rhythm: it’s easy for me to march in a military commissar now, I hear a drum. I also learned to play the guitar myself, I think, without music education it would be harder. I have a positive attitude towards classical music. I don’t have anything in particular, but I can listen, and in general I love it live music. I would send my children to a music school, in any case it would not be superfluous.
“Hands hurt, back hurt - I didn’t want to do it so much”
Natalya Guseva, 45 years old. She graduated from school in piano 25 years ago; works as a dental technician
For the first ten years after school, I still sat down at the instrument, played, for example, “ moonlight sonata"," something "jumped" for the soul. Mom once wanted to make music, but that was after the war, and her grandmother could not buy her an instrument. Therefore, my mother in her daughters realized her dream so that we would be musical. Then, in the 80s, it was fashionable. The older sister, an excellent student in everything, also graduated from school in the piano class, but said that she would not send her daughters to music. As a child, I liked the way she played, and I kept climbing to her. The tool we had was expensive, good. Then my mother decided to send me to a music school too. A couple of years later, I asked for drawing or volleyball, and my mother: “No, you have a music school.” I finished and forgot, I told myself that my child would not sit down at the piano! My son likes the piano in the pictures, but I understand that this is a huge job. If there is no gift, then it is better not to torment the child. For those who have a gift, it somehow comes out easier. My classes were under duress, I had to memorize solfeggio. My hands hurt, my back hurt - I didn’t want to do it. If a child has talent, it can be seen from the age of three or four: he is drawn to music, he wants to beat the rhythm everywhere, to sing. And so rock climbing will be more useful. I can listen to classical music if I happen to hear it somewhere. Although I'm under 50 years old, but I listen contemporary music, foreign mostly. Specially go to a concert or opera - no. Is it an operetta or a ballet, something so grandiose.
“On Sunday, all the children walked, and I sat down at the instrument”
Ekaterina Gichko, 26 years old. Graduated from choral class and piano 10 years ago; works as an assistant director in a private company:
- Mom worked at a music school as an accompanist, took with her to work. After listening to the flute, I wanted to play the flute, but they recorded me on the piano. From my mother, probably, there was a talent: I quickly coped with everything. There was a time when I wanted to quit, but my mother did not allow it. I was a terribly lazy child, but there was no violence. On the contrary, my mother helped me. How kids from non-musical families cope, I don't know, I've always had help. I liked to sing in the choir, but I didn’t like to study the piano: on Sunday all the children walked, and I sat down at the instrument. But I'm glad I finished. This is useful, a lot of knowledge. How did it help me...
I sometimes go to play Brain Slaughter, there are questions about music, it helps. Classical music I listen with great pleasure, go to concerts, to the theater. I also have a rule: in any new city, when I travel, I try to go to the opera. I would send my children to study music. I think people who are musically illiterate lose a lot in life. Music is part of the fine arts, which once upon a time were mandatory for everyone, only now it’s hard to study for 7 years.
“Solfeggio missed constantly, did not understand what they wanted from me”
Alexander Kozhemyachenko, 48 years old. Graduated from the department percussion instruments 30 years ago; works as a doctor in a dermatovenerological dispensary:
Parents sent me to study music so that I would not hit the windows with a soccer ball. There was not much of a rumor, so they were divided into drums. I studied for five years and graduated with difficulty. Mom demanded that he go to classes and not run around the streets idle, and dad worked, he didn’t care about this school. Love for music instilled by the teacher musical literature. Solfeggio missed constantly, did not understand what they wanted from me. But literature was the most favorite subject, I didn’t miss it: there are very beautiful teacher the music was good too. It has helped me in my life. At school, in high school, played on drum kit. We had with classmates musical ensemble we were stars school evenings. Girls, it seems to me, at that time they loved footballers more, but they also liked musicians. I listen to classical music, but I go to concerts only with my wife. She also has a musical education, she takes me with her. I can guess Mozart by ear: you have to be a bear not to guess his music. Our children are also in a music school, both of them asked for it themselves and are doing well.
Since ancient times, music has been considered an integral part of education. A man of antiquity could not fully integrate into the life of the policy if he did not know how to sing and play musical instruments, in Ancient China musical instrument was a mandatory noble man... All this, of course, is far from our time, and yet the tradition is to consider those who are familiar with the basics musical art as a few "above average" people is not quite dead yet. That is why some parents decide to send their child to a music school. But do they themselves and their children have a good idea of what they will have to do, what to expect - and what will they get in the end? And knowing this will not hurt in advance - so that later there will be less disappointment.
First of all, the question arises about the choice of instrument - what to give preference to? The answer lies on the surface - of course, the instrument that the child likes, on which he himself wants to learn how to play! But do not neglect the recommendations of teachers: an astute teacher can discern a future virtuoso in a child! So, the parents of Vadim Repin dreamed of teaching their child to play the button accordion, but they didn’t take the boy to the button accordion, and they, reluctantly, agreed to give him to the violin ... so the failed button accordion player became famous violinist! And in no case do not use this criterion when choosing an instrument: "What is easier to play and learn?" If a child asks such a question, it’s better to keep him away from a music school (he won’t study anyway - and not only at a music school, but anywhere else), but if you ... try to understand: on nothing easier! There is no such instrument that you can sit down and play - without effort, without many hours of study, without perseverance (by the way, I would like to dispel one common myth: on string instruments with frets (domra, balalaika, guitar) it is no easier to play than on a violin or cello that do not have frets).
If the choice is made and you (and most importantly, your child) have finally and irrevocably made a decision, then you should learn once and for all: a music school is not a circle or a studio, it’s just a school, it gives not some set of skills, but primary musical education. This is especially said for those who intend to apply for a guitar class. As a rule, children who want to learn how to play the guitar (and often their parents) imagine learning something like this: at the request of the student, the teacher shows him the chords for the next "masterpiece" of some pop star - and that's it, no tasks teacher does not give, does not make any comments, does not pay attention to how the student holds the instrument and extracts the sound ... and so, nothing like this will happen. At the end of a music school, a certificate is issued - a state-issued document that gives the right to enter a music school and the music departments of universities, and to issue such a document to a person who somehow picks out three chords (which he is not able to independently pick up even for the most primitive song) - that means , to deceive the state, so that the child will hone his technique on exercises, scales and etudes no less than violinists and pianists do, he will play guitar classics (Giuliani, Carulli, etc.), polyphony - up to Bach ... if you you need "three thieves' chords" - better use the services of a circle or studio, of which there are a great many. True, no one can vouch for what is happening there (sometimes shocked parents found in their children's notebooks the texts of obscene and openly criminal songs dictated by the head of the studio ... but, in the end, everyone gets what they want!).
Separately, the question of the "voluntariness" of education in a music school should be clarified. Usually children understand it like this: if I want - I will come to the lesson, if I don’t want - I won’t come, if I want - I will come again. In reality, voluntariness means that you can enroll in a music school (unlike general education), or you can not enroll, and no one will deprive you of parental rights if you do not send your child there. But as soon as the child is enrolled in school, he is obliged to attend all classes in accordance with the schedule, otherwise he may be expelled for absenteeism (try to bring this to the attention of your child!) - and here no one can prevent this: the school is optional, which means expulsion does not violate the constitutional right to education!
Similarly, all must-sees are academic subjects. True, you can refuse certain subjects by means of a written application, but then at the end of school the child will receive not a certificate, but a certificate that does not give any rights ... Do not rush to say that this is not important for you: even if the child is not going to continue their musical education, a certificate can play a role - often in universities with an equal number of points, the scales tilt in favor of the applicant who has such a certificate. It doesn’t matter that music has nothing to do with the specialty: the mere fact that a person has successfully completed two schools indicates that he has versatile abilities, knows how to allocate his time and plan work, that he is not lazy, finally ... what the university will refuse such a student! In addition, think about how your child (then already a teenager or even a young man) will feel in 7 years, when his fellow practitioners will solemnly hand over certificates - and he, in an icy environment, for behind closed doors put in the hands of a certificate! Wouldn't it be better to be firm now?
And in conclusion, a few words about such a painful issue as tuition fees. It is now officially prohibited by law to charge fees for additional education - and music schools disguise parental fees as " voluntary donation". This creates a temptation for many parents to say: "I will decide how much to donate" or "I do not want to donate at all", or even contact the prosecutor's office. Of course, you will achieve your goal - the law is on your side - but do you need it "According to the law, the state must support music schools - but it either cannot or does not want to do this, so the parental payment remains the main source of livelihood. When choosing a music school, you probably preferred the one that is closer to your home - so, if you abolish the parental fee, it is very likely that the nearest music school to your home will be in a neighboring city, and children from three subjects of the federation will study there. Of course, under such circumstances, the selection there will be the most severe: only the most talented children aimed at the profession of a musician - no "for general development"," at your level ", etc. If it will be difficult to get into such a school, then it will be very easy to fly out: no one will babysit the children, you can’t cope with the load, you don’t study, you’re rude to the teacher - goodbye, it’s your turn What are the chances of your child getting into such a school - judge for yourself, but most likely, he will not fall into the number of the chosen lucky ones - but into the mass of children who, under such circumstances, will only have dirty gateways.
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MIPT
It must be understood that this is a technical university with a very high passing score. In order for your application to be accepted, you need to score at least 50 points in the Russian language exam, at least 65 points in mathematics, physics, chemistry, computer science.
Phystech, like all universities, will take into account the All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren and some other competitions. For example, the tournament of cities, the Lomonosov Olympiad, the Moscow Olympiad for schoolchildren, the Open Programming Olympiad, the new Olympiad, which appeared on the list of the Ministry of Education and Science only this year - the TechnoCup and others.
For a certificate or diploma with honors, gold, silver medals Phystech will add 2 points. You will receive the same number of points if you graduated from a musical or art school. The university will take into account not only the gold TRP badge, but also sports categories, martial arts belts, the title of "master of sports" or "candidate for master of sports" (2 points).
MGIMO
To participate in the competition, you need to score on the exam in Russian and foreign languages at least 70 points. An exception is made only for some areas (this is, among others, "Trading", "Management"), where 60 points are enough.
Who will be enrolled in MGIMO out of competition? Winners and runners up final stage All-Russian Olympiad schoolchildren, members of the Russian national teams that participated in international Olympiads, and some other Olympiads. Preferential admission is guaranteed to the winners and prize-winners of the TV Olympiad "Clever and Smart", the MGIMO Olympiad of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, which is held in partnership with the editors of " Russian newspaper", Olympiad "Lomonosov" in geography, as well as some others.
St. Petersburg State University
At St. Petersburg State University, additional points in the portfolio will be awarded not only to winners and prize-winners Olympic Games, but also to members of the national teams of Russia. If these are Olympic sports, then 10 points will be added to the exam, if not Olympic - 5 points. The winners of the regional stages of the All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren can count on 4 points, the winners - on 3.
HSE, like many other prestigious universities, has an increased threshold for minimum scores. In "mathematics" it is 75 points in a profile subject, in "physics" you need to bring at least 70 points in both physics and mathematics. At HSE, for an essay, which is always checked here, you can get up to 10 points, for a certificate with a gold or silver medal - 3 points.
If you are a master of sports, then you will receive an additional 3 points for the exam, if you are a candidate for master of sports, then 2 points. The HSE takes into account the first and second level Olympiads, but there are several third level Olympiads for which the university can also give extra points. This is, for example, an Olympiad in discrete mathematics.
Top 10 universities with the highest average USE score (budget)
- MGIMO - 95.4%
- MIPT - 93.8%
- HSE (Moscow) - 92.2%
- St. Petersburg State University - 90%
- VAVT - 89.9%
- Moscow State University - 87.8%
- MEPhI - 87.8%
- HSE (St. Petersburg) - 87.1%
- ITMO University - 86.9%
- The results of the USE and Olympiads are valid for four years after the year of receipt, in other words, five years.
- You do not need to submit certified copies to the admission committees of universities.
- The competition for leading universities has increased markedly. Now it is difficult to enter even paid departments. The highest average score is usually at MGIMO, MIPT, HSE, St. Petersburg State University, MEPhI and ITMO University.
- The most expensive education is at MGIMO (478 thousand rubles a year), Moscow State University (339 thousand rubles), Higher School of Economics (338 thousand rubles), Financial University under the government (316 thousand rubles) and the All-Russian Academy of Foreign Trade (295 thousand rubles).
When I was little, my parents took me by the hand and took me to a music school. I must say that I have long grown out of Mozart's age - I was 9 years old. On that day, the most terrible event of my childhood happened - I was discovered ear for music! But it was too late to play the violin, so I was sent to the guitar class. It’s hard to count how many times I tried to quit, but each time after a sincere conversation with my parents, I agreed to stay at least until the next reporting concert / end of semester / academic year, etc. It's hard to convey how much I hated my instrument, especially in primary school when the fingers are small and weak, and the calluses are hard and painful, because the strings are sharp and hard. But the parents were adamant in their perseverance.
And closer to the end of the music school, the parents unexpectedly paid for their cruelty. In the last grade, I suddenly began to understand and love music, my fingertips completely lost sensitivity and stopped hurting, and I wished to become professional musician. Is this the fate parents dreamed of for their daughter? Of course not. They hoped that I would become a doctor, lawyer, programmer, director of factories, newspapers, steamships, and get a good salary. There were many quarrels, tantrums and tears. In the end, I never became a musician. Now I understand perfectly well that I would not have become one. At best, I would teach children who hate me passionately to play the guitar.
But I very well understood the role of music, its usefulness in personal development and many more important points regarding compulsory music education, which I will now tell you about.
Music school - solfeggio as a way to develop thinking
Scientists have long proven that the school of music initiates thinking - the students of such schools do much better in general subjects. Moreover, their thinking is more creative and non-standard, they are able to generate unexpected ideas. On my own feelings, I can describe the mechanism of this phenomenon.
Many people know that human brain consists of two hemispheres - left (logic) and right (intuition). The more neural connections between the two hemispheres, the more flexible and out of the box thinking man possesses. The only discipline in the whole wide world that is able to develop both of these hemispheres at the same time is solfeggio! Because in order to successfully write a musical dictation, a person just needs to combine logic (knowledge of musical literacy, which can be compared in complexity with mathematics) and intuition (the ability to hear semitones between sounds).
Studying at a music school should be voluntary!
Among my classmates, most of the children, just like me, hated the whole process, and secretly dreamed of "burning the hated music box." However, in every class there were always a couple of crazy students who were just raving about music.
For this reason, I have utopian idea. I believe that for everyone who entered the music school in early age, by the end of the first year of study, it is necessary to introduce the practice of expelling from school those who do not hear music in their sleep and are not a direct descendant of Wolfgang Amadeus. All the same, they will not become real musicians - so why break the child's childhood and injure the psyche?
And then, at the age of fourteen, to introduce a re-enrollment in the school of music with a reduced period of study - for those who, with age, came to their senses and decided that it was still worth studying music more deeply for general development. However, such a music school should provide more creative and varied activities, without any prim reporting concerts and the like.
And most importantly
IN general education school in music lessons it is absolutely necessary to introduce elements from solfeggio, namely - musical dictations. Of course, you should not evaluate them too strictly so as not to spoil the children's certificate, but such a practice should improve overall school performance.
