The museum is located in an amazing house - a monument of history and culture XVIII- XX centuries. Three eras have come together here. Time was reflected both in the appearance of the building and in its functional purpose. The house was not damaged in the fire of 1812, but subsequently rebuilt several times. In it in different time lived amazing people. The most famous residents left a special mark on the culture of their time. About 200 years ago, the mansion on Tverskaya was considered one of the most beautiful in Moscow, and for good reason. Strict classic style, excellent proportions, a magnificent portico with columns ... The building was erected according to the project of the outstanding architect Matvey Kazakov. In 1824-1829, the famous salon of Princess Zinaida Volkonskaya was located here, where A.S. Pushkin, V. Zhukovsky, E. Baratynsky, P. Vyazemsky... Ekaterina Trubetskaya and Maria Volkonskaya left for Siberia in 1826 to join their exiled husbands, the Decembrists.
After the hostess left for Italy, the house changed hands for some time. Nose late XIX century at home begins new life. From 1898 to 1917, the famous millionaire merchant G.G. Eliseev. A significant part of the premises was devoted to a shop famous for exotic fruits, the best wines, colonial goods - rare varieties of coffee, tea, spices. The store did not change addresses throughout the 20th century. IN Soviet years it was officially called Gastronome No. 1, but the old Muscovites always called the store Eliseevsky.
Since 1918, part of the house has been used as apartments. In 1935-1936. in one of them lived the writer Nikolai Ostrovsky, the author of the book How the Steel Was Tempered. In 1940, the museum was created in the apartment. N. Ostrovsky, and in 1992 in connection with the expansion of activities (part of the exposition was devoted to people with difficult fate, who, following the example of N. Ostrovsky, overcame his ailments), he was renamed humanitarian center"Overcoming" named after N.A. Ostrovsky.
In the first hall of the museum, we can see portraits of the owners of the house, starting with the widow of the State Secretary of Catherine II, Ekaterina Ivanovna Kozitskaya, his first mistress. Her youngest daughter Anna Grigorievna married Prince Alexander Mikhailovich Beloselsky-Belozersky, a diplomat, philosopher, honorary member of many academies and societies. Under him, the house was transformed, here the prince placed his collection of antiquities. But his daughter, Princess Zinaida Volkonskaya, “the queen of muses and beauty,” as A.S. called her, turned the mansion into a real temple of art. Pushkin.
Part of the museum's exposition is a memorial apartment in which famous writer Nikolai Ostrovsky spent the last two years of his life. The apartment itself is preceded by a hall that tells about his difficult fate. Nikolai Alekseevich lived for 32 years, of which nine years he was bedridden. Nikolai Ostrovsky went down in history as the author of the novel "How the Steel Was Tempered" and as a man who struck the world with boundless courage. He became a writer while completely immobile and blind.
The exposition of the museum without ideological predestination on the basis of documentary material reveals the personality of Ostrovsky, focusing on those qualities that are in demand by society in any political system. Documents and photographs reveal the history of family, love, service to the idea. As his health worsened, Nikolai Ostrovsky began to find the meaning of life in literary work.
The words of N. Ostrovsky "Know how to live and when life becomes unbearable, make it useful" became the life motto of the heroes of the "Overcoming" exhibition.
The theme of "Overcoming" is revealed through personal stories specific people, By different reasons became disabled.
The apartment was provided to N. Ostrovsky by the Moscow Council by decision of the Soviet government. It consisted of two rooms, which were furnished with official furniture. This is how the apartments of the 30s of the 20th century looked like, which were provided in Moscow by party and Soviet mid-level workers. Later, a piano was bought for the bedroom-study as a gift to his wife. A large bookcase was made to order at the request of the writer. Ostrovsky lived in the apartment for the last year of his life. His day was scheduled by the minute: work on the novel "Born by the Storm", meetings with writers, friends, journalists.
Every third weekend of the month is free entry.
In addition to permanent exhibitions, the museum hosts temporary exhibitions, lectures and concerts.
The Ostrovsky State Museum and Humanitarian Center "Overcoming" is open in an old mansion on Tverskaya. In the museum building, which is recognized as a monument of history and culture of the XVIII-XX centuries, at different times lived prominent people: before the revolution - Prince Alexander Beloselsky-Belozersky, Princess Zinaida Volkonskaya, with whom Pushkin was visiting, and the richest merchant Eliseev, in the early Soviet years - the writer Nikolai Ostrovsky, who wrote within these walls famous novel"As the Steel Was Tempered". As is known, last years Ostrovsky was bedridden throughout his life until his death in 1936. In 1940, a museum was opened in the house, a significant part of the exposition of which is devoted to overcoming physical ailments.
The museum conducts sightseeing and thematic tours that acquaint visitors with the history of the house and its inhabitants. If you wish, you can go on a walking tour of Moscow. For visitors with children offer interactive family excursions "Nikolai Ostrovsky - a hero for all times" and "Heroes of the Spirit". Children will be interested in interactive programs "History New Year's toys and "I know the world."
A memorial room for Nikolai Ostrovsky was opened in one of the halls of the museum. There is the original furniture from the writer's room, his belongings, documents and personal library. From the first years of the museum's work, its funds have been replenished with evidence of the life of people with severe physical ailments, who, all the less, found the strength to live and work. Today, a separate exposition "Overcoming" has been formed from these materials. Special attention was paid to the history of the house in which the museum was opened. In a separate room, you can learn more about the people who inhabited the house on Tverskaya, 14, their lives and customs.
Ticket price: 80 rubles. for adults and 20 rubles. for children, babies under 7 years old admission is free. The cost of excursions is 300-1200 rubles, an excursion ticket for a family of up to five people will cost 400 rubles.
CHILDREN HOLIDAYS
In the museum-center "Overcoming" children from 5 to 8 years old can celebrate their birthday. For them, an interactive program "The Castle of the Musical Fairy" was compiled. At the core holiday scenario lies the history of house 14 on Tverskaya and the musical and literary salon of Princess Volkonskaya, who lived here in the 19th century. Prince Vyazemsky once called the mistress of the house a musical fairy. The birthday boy and his guests will have to rid the castle of the influence of the evil sorceress, disenchant the musical fairy and return beautiful music to the walls of the house on Tverskaya. own experience prove that good always triumphs over evil. Program ends musical concert and tea drinking at the sweet table.
The parents of the birthday boy take care of the treat. There are no special restrictions - everything is allowed at the festival that does not contradict the rules of the museum. Program cost: 5000 rubles. for a group of up to 10 people, 7500 rubles. - up to 15 people, 10,000 rubles. - up to 20 people.
Memorial apartment of N.A. Ostrovsky
The exposition is dedicated to the work and personal life of the writer Nikolai Ostrovsky (1904-1936). The writer wrote the Soviet bestseller "How the Steel Was Tempered", as well as the first part of the novel "Born by the Storm" (according to the author's idea, there were to be three parts). Last novel, the writer wrote in this house. The writer lived a short but busy life. Since childhood, he suffered from a disease that took his life so early. For the last 9 years, he was so weak that he spent in bed, but at the same time continued to work. The writer is an example strong will striving to achieve the goal.
In the museum you can find writer's papers, photos, books, personal items. The exposition is opened in two rooms in which the writer lived. Furnishings and personal belongings are preserved.
The museum has been open to visitors since 1940. There is an apartment in the house where Nikolai Ostrovsky lived his last years of life. The first director of the museum (1940-1963) was the widow of the writer R.P. Ostrovskaya.
Hall No. 1 and 2: Salon of Princess Z. Volkonskaya
The museum is located in historical building, built in the 1790s by M.F. Kazakov. In 1823-1829, Princess Z.A. lived in it. Volkonskaya, and in 1898-1917 the house belonged to G.G. Eliseev).
In this house of Zinaida Volkonskaya, literary and musical evenings were held every week - salons that were visited by celebrities of that time. A.S. has repeatedly visited here. Pushkin, who called the princess "the queen of muses and beauty."
The museum displays a permanent exhibition "From the history of the house".
Hall number 3: "Overcoming" (the fate of people with disabilities)
The museum also presents an exhibition that tells about people with disabilities, but who have achieved great results in life.
The Museum of Overcoming, as the humanitarian center, created on the basis of the apartment of Nikolai Ostrovsky, is briefly called, is remarkable for two things. The original setting in which the novel "How the Steel Was Tempered" was written is preserved here. In addition, they show best examples maintaining interest in fruitful activities with serious health disorders. The strength of the spirit that overcomes physical ailments is the main exhibit and the purpose of the existence of the museum Overcoming.
The building of the museum is referred to by Muscovites as the Eliseevsky store, although this building is significant to many. Built back in 1790 according to the design of the famous architect Matvey Kazakov, it was one of the few that survived the Moscow fire in 1812. The chambers of Princess Volkonskaya were located here, and in the same building the secular lady held her famous salons, where the most prominent representatives of Art XIX century.
Rehearsals of the Maly Theater team took place here, while the theater building was being built, Gorky arranged author's readings of the text of the plays for the gathering artists. The voice of the great Chaliapin was heard here, performing famous arias and folk songs. For a whole century, the elite shop of the merchant Eliseev existed in this house, since 1917 - Gastronome No. 1. Finally, Nikolai Ostrovsky has lived in this house for the past few years, a bas-relief depicting which is installed on the wall near one of the entrances.
Another image of the once famous writer greets visitors at the entrance to the Overcoming Museum. The bust of a man lying in bed is a rather rare pose for sculptors, but in this case it is only a tribute to reality, because Ostrovsky did not leave his bed at the end of his life. Therefore, the statue, made by Sergei Konenkov, reflects the truth of life and the tragedy of the situation that this courageous man. The sculptor managed to reliably represent a suffering person, while maintaining the presence of mind and dignity. People who are not broken by ailments are the purpose of the show museum exposition helping to overcome adversity in a difficult life situation.
We will not criticize the revolutionary authorities, who settled a practically non-walking person not on the first floor - by that time Nikolai Ostrovsky could no longer get out of bed. The Kazakov staircase was made with a wide opening between the spans, which allows you to see forged grating railings from below.
memorial apartment
The permanent exhibition of the Museum Overcoming includes two-room apartment Ostrovsky and the Overcoming Hall, as well as the space between these two objects. The entrance hall of the memorial apartment has no furniture, except for a bench for visitors. Wall hanger and mirror in a carved wooden frame.
There was no need for other furniture during the life of Ostrovsky, except perhaps for the nurses serving him. The house of an old building at least had high ceilings so that there was a sufficient amount of air for a bedridden patient.
The permanent residence room of the patient Nikolai Ostrovsky is isolated from other rooms, quite spacious and bright.
There is a booth in front of the entrance information materials, which contains a poster about the contents of the exposition of the memorial apartment, the opening hours of the museum Overcoming, proposals for pre-registration for participation in organized excursions.
Even a cursory glance at the furnishing of the writer's room allows us to conclude that the household items surrounding Ostrovsky in the last years of his life and work were stocked at the state level.
The room is also available for direct acquaintance, visitors can go inside and inspect all the furnishings. The furniture is clearly isolated from the storerooms of the public utility. This is a standard metal hospital-type bed and a set of sofa, armchairs and chairs with leather upholstery - the usual accessories of an official's office.
On the wall by the bed there is a modest dark-patterned carpet, above is a portrait of some leader of the revolutionary period, who looks like Lunacharsky, People's Commissar of Education.
On the chairs behind the bed are gramophone records and a gramophone to listen to them. On a neatly made bed lies a wand wrapped in bandages, with which a bedridden person could at least wipe the sweat from his face when no one was around.
The second room of Nikolai Ostrovsky's apartment was intended as a living room and was furnished accordingly. Bookcases, a large table under a white tablecloth and up to a dozen chairs are allocated for furnishing. There are also soft chairs under white capes, a tall and branchy ornamental plant with broad leaves and an indispensable portrait of the leader of the world proletariat.
Wide window openings provide excellent lighting, in case of reception large groups visitors or official delegations could accommodate guests without difficulty. Another thing is that Ostrovsky himself was practically incapable of using the living room.
Next, visitors will have to move to the second section of the Overcoming Museum exposition, and along the way they will have the opportunity to get acquainted with other items in the collection. Many of them are directly related to the active period of the life of Nikolai Ostrovsky, which, although short, was extremely eventful.
Ostrovsky took an active part in the fighting civil war in Russia, he fought in the equestrian units of the brigade of the legendary Kotovsky and the Cavalry Army of the future Marshal Semyon Budyonny. Many storylines and the details of the only finished work of the writer are autobiographical.
The glazed cabinet contains the few items that have been preserved from combat youth or were picked up for display by museum workers. You can see a guitar on a Viennese chair, a massive barometer and several photographs. Attracts attention pencil drawing fighting girlfriend of a Red Army soldier who is not known to us for certain.
But the origin of the following exhibits is very clear - this is the first edition of the novel “How the Steel Was Tempered” published by the newspaper and the stencil that Ostrovsky invented for writing a draft of this work.
As he lost his sight, he also lost his ability to write legibly, so he invented a line limiter to make out his handwriting.
The last of these exhibits attract most attention visitors. They are considered the most carefully. Such books by Ostrovsky, published in a significant edition, were widely distributed.
The attention to the book, fueled by Bolshevik propaganda, made this publication a kind of code of life. younger generation fighters for proletarian ideals. Young people read the book at the construction sites of socialist industrialization, and then in the trenches of the Great Patriotic War.
Both bullet-riddled and bloodied copies of this edition are known.
The sculptural image of Nikolai Ostrovsky sitting in an armchair greets visitors at the entrance to that part of the exposition, which actually concerns the theme of Overcoming. It's about on overcoming incurable diseases, combat and industrial injuries, congenital and sports injuries.
Ostrovsky is depicted sitting in an armchair, with his feet covered with a blanket. He is wearing the uniform of a brigadier commissar, a title the Political Administration of the Red Army conferred on the writer a year before his death, shortly after he was awarded the Order of Lenin. Ostrovsky was especially proud of the French, he wore it on solemn days and for meetings with visitors.
Hall Overcoming
The second half of the exposition of the Overcoming Museum is represented by a hall of the same name. The end wall of the room is decorated with a huge mosaic, characterized by richness of colors and abstract content.
Two types of exhibits are placed here, representing two facets of the fate of the sick and those who returned to vigorous activity of people. The circumstances and exhibits of injuries and mutilations that limit the mobility and performance of the victims are presented.
As a counterbalance to tragic or accidental circumstances, the results or information about the results of artistic and industrial, sports and other activities of those who are commonly called people with disabilities are exhibited.
The former are intended to serve as a warning and be a call for caution and prudence in various life circumstances, but it is clear in advance that it is impossible to protect oneself from all accidents and dangers.
One of the stands demonstrates the skates and clothes of figure skater Elena Berezhnaya, who received a severe head injury from the skate of a pair skating partner. The damage was received in training quite by accident, but it was very serious. A happy outcome of this situation was provided Russian doctors, participation of relatives and a new sports partner.
Elena not only recovered, although she had to learn to speak and walk again after the damage to the temporal bone. She, together with Anton Sikharulidze, won silver at the Olympics in 1998 and gold in 2002, was awarded two orders of the Russian Federation, gave birth to two children and is now a deputy State Duma Russia.
Along the opposite wall there are stands with exhibits and separate large items, on the wall itself - paintings different genres. Objects of arts and crafts, paintings and sculptures are made by people with various significant health impairments.
In the literal sense, the blind, even those who have lost their limbs, are even able to master drawing and modeling and other types of creativity. Published personal circumstances confirm that going to active life possible in any situation.
Attention is paid to the exposition of the Overcoming Hall and the circumstances under which people receive severe damage to their health. The legitimacy and ethical soundness of such an approach can be criticized or supported, but today the contents of some storefronts may inspire fear in engaging in certain activities.
The already well-known riskiness of the professions of military personnel and firefighters, industrial workers and athletes, and in general any activity, is emphasized.
Temporary exhibitions
Arranges the Overcoming Museum and temporary exhibitions, using exhibits and collections provided by organizations and individuals. Here are both products and works of own manufacture, as well as collectibles.
If necessary, you can organize a musical performance or accompaniment of the demonstration here. In a word, the Overcoming Museum promotes creative self-expression as much as possible, the results of which make you pay no attention to certain physical defects.
You can verify the validity of the above when examining any regular temporary exhibition. Variety of genres visual arts and another creative activity, the difference in manners and styles of performing works can be very striking. On the face clear signs the infinity of human capabilities, allowing to overcome physical disabilities and any ailments.
