The problem of the relationship between man and society Kuprin olesya. "Moral and social problems of Kuprin's story" Duel

Composition

The story "Duel" Kuprin dedicated to M. Gorky. He called this work " beautiful story". The popularity of this book crossed the borders of Russia - it was translated at that time into German, French, Italian, Spanish, Swedish, Bulgarian, Polish.

What is the reason for the popularity of the story? First of all, in its accusatory pathos.

Kuprin showed wild morals in his book army life, spoke about abuse army officials with soldiers. The batman Gainan and the soldier Khlebnikov appear before the readers as pitiful, downtrodden. Soldier Khlebnikov is sick, physically very weak person. And how hard one must have a heart to mock such a person! For the sake of fun (this speaks of their primitiveness), the officers bully Khlebnikov! They beat him, laugh, extort money. And there is no one to stand up for him! Soldiers, batmen in the story are in a humiliated position, they are treated like cattle.

With its content, the story "Duel" responded to important question of that time: why did tsarism suffer one defeat after another in Russo-Japanese War? Yes, what kind of victories could we talk about if self-interest, debauchery, drunkenness flourished in the Russian army? The intellectual level of the officers, those who drill the soldiers, is extremely low. So, the army serviceman Captain Plum in his life "did not read a single book or a single newspaper," and another officer, Vetkin, quite seriously declares: "In our business, you are not supposed to think." In this musty army life, thinking, noble, intellectual, democratically minded people, such as Lieutenant Colonel Nazansky and Lieutenant Romashov, suffocate.

Romashov is an honest Russian officer, he is very, very lonely in military service. He was sincerely convinced that the officers were people with a fine mental organization, patriots. But having plunged into army life, he suddenly saw that “rough army habits, familiarity, cards, drinking parties” reigned here. The leisure of the officers consists of playing "bad little billiards", "beer", "cigarettes" and prostitutes.

Romashov experiences "an agonizing consciousness of his loneliness and being lost among strangers, unfriendly or indifferent people."

In the image of Lieutenant Romashov, autobiographical features are guessed. This is not surprising: after graduating from the cadet corps, Kuprin spent four years in military service. All his life he was tormented by memories of the rods in cadet corps. Romashov, too, already in the years spent in a military school, "the soul was already forever devastated, dead and disgraced." Romashov protests against vulgarity, ignorance, and arbitrariness.

In the depiction of family scenes, Kuprin showed himself to be a writer-psychologist. At the heart of the conflict lies an ardent youthful love, Romashov's love for the attractive Shurochka Nikolaeva. Shurochka, like Romashov, is head and shoulders above all army servicemen, noticeably distinguished by his intellectual development from regimental ladies. Shurochka has strong will, cunning, foresight. All her thoughts are aimed at breaking out "to the open space, the light" from the cynical army situation. “I need society, a big, real society, light, music, worship, subtle flattery, smart interlocutors,” says Shurochka.

A dream of this kind might have been welcome were it not for the inhuman means she used. For the sake of her husband’s career (not far off in her mental data), in order to escape from the suffocating atmosphere of the army garrison, she goes to meanness: she dissuades Romashov, who loves her very much, from being shot, and he dies in a duel, becoming a victim of a conspiracy.

On the example of the life and death of the protagonist, we are convinced of the hopeless situation of army people, thirsting for a meaningful life. The main culprit of the physical and spiritual tragedy of Romashov is not Shurochka Nikolaeva, who, in essence, is the victim herself, but the whole social order, giving rise to violent Bek-Agamalovs, despotic Osadchis, army chinodrals Nikolaevs, Shulgovichs, destroying the dignity of officers of lower rank. In such an environment there is no place honest people: here they either sink morally, finding comfort in drunkenness, as happened with Nazansky, or they die, like Romashov.

Other writings on this work

Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin is a wonderful master of words. He managed to reflect in his work the most powerful, sublime and subtle human experiences. Love is a wonderful feeling that tests a person like litmus paper. Not many people have the ability to love deeply and sincerely. This is the lot of strong natures. It is these people who attract the attention of the writer. Harmonious people, living in harmony with themselves and nature, are the ideal of the writer, he brings out such a heroine in the story “Olesya”.

A simple Polissya girl lives surrounded by nature. She listens to sounds and rustles, “understands” the voices of animals, is quite happy with her life and freedom. She is self-sufficient. She has enough of the social circle that she has. Olesya knows and understands the surrounding forest, she reads nature as mysterious and interesting book. “With both hands, she carefully supported a striped apron, from which peeped out three tiny bird heads with red necks and black shiny eyes. “Look, grandmother, the finches have followed me again,” she exclaimed, laughing loudly, “look how funny ... completely hungry.” And I, as if on purpose, had no bread with me.”

But the collision with the world of people brings Olesya, it seems, some hardships and experiences. Local peasants consider Olesya and her grandmother Manuilikha to be sorceresses. They are ready to blame these poor women for all the troubles. Once human malice had already driven them from their homes, and now Olesya only wish to leave them alone:

As if they would leave me and my grandmother alone, it would be better, otherwise ...

But the cruel world of people knows no mercy. Olesya is smart and perspicacious in her own way. She knows perfectly well what a meeting with a city dweller, "panych Ivan" brings to her. Love - a beautiful and sublime feeling - turns into death for this "daughter of nature." She doesn't fit in the world malice and envy, self-interest and hypocrisy.

The unusualness of the heroine, her beauty and independence inspire people around her with hatred, fear, anger. The peasants are ready to take out all their misfortunes and troubles on Oles and Manuilikha. Their unconscious fear of the "witches", which they consider to be poor women, is fueled by impunity for the massacre of them. Olesya's coming to church is not a challenge to the village, but a desire to reconcile with the surrounding world of people, to understand those among whom her beloved lives. The hatred of the crowd gave birth to a response. Olesya threatens the villagers who beat and insulted her: - Well! .. You still remember this from me! You are still crying your fill!

Now there can be no reconciliation. Righteousness was on the side of the strong. Olesya is fragile and beautiful flower destined to perish in this cruel world.

In the story "Olesya" Kuprin showed the inevitability of the collision and death of the natural and fragile world of harmony when it comes into contact with cruel reality.

Olesya - "solid, original , a free nature, her mind, both clear and shrouded in unshakable mediocre superstition, childishly innocent, but not without sly coquetry beautiful woman”, and Ivan Timofeevich -“ although a kind man, but only weak. They belong to different social strata: Ivan Timofeevich - educated person, a writer who came to Polissya to "observe morals", and Olesya - a "witcher", an uneducated girl who grew up in the forest. But, despite these differences, they fell in love with each other. However, their love was different: Ivan Timofeevich was attracted by the beauty, tenderness, femininity, naivety of Olesya, and she, on the contrary, was aware of all his shortcomings and knew that their love was doomed, but, despite this, she loved him with all her ardent soul as only a woman can love. Her love makes me admire, because Olesya for the sake of her beloved was ready for anything, for any sacrifice. After all, for the sake of Ivan Timofeevich, she went to church, although she knew that this would end tragically for her.

But I don’t consider Poroshin’s love as pure and generous. He knew that misfortune might happen if Olesya went to church, but did nothing to stop her: “Suddenly, a horror of foreboding seized me. I had an irresistible desire to run after Olesya, catch up with her and beg, beg, even demand, if necessary, that she not go to church. But I restrained my unexpected impulse ... ”Ivan Timofeevich, although he loved Olesya, was at the same time afraid of this love. It was this fear that prevented him from marrying her: “Only one circumstance frightened and stopped me: I did not even dare to imagine what Olesya would be like, dressed in a human dress, talking in the living room with the wives of my colleagues, torn out of this charming frame of the old forest” .

The tragedy of love between Olesya and Ivan Timofeevich is the tragedy of people who "broke out" from their social environment. The fate of Olesya herself is tragic, because she differed sharply from the Perebrod peasants, primarily in her pure, open mind, the wealth of the inner world. This is what gave rise to the hatred of callous, limited people for Olesya. And, as you know, people always strive to destroy the one they do not understand, the one who is different from them. Therefore, Olesya is forced to part with her beloved and flee from her native forest.

It is also impossible not to say about the literary skill of A. I. Kuprin. Before us are pictures of nature, portraits, inner world heroes, characters, moods - all this deeply struck me. The story "Olesya" is a hymn to the wonderful primordial feeling of love and the personification of the most beautiful and dearest thing that can be in the life of any of us.

Kuprin's biography was full of various events that gave the writer rich food for his literary works. For example, the story "Duel" is rooted in that period of Kuprin's life, when he acquired the experience of a military man. Work on the story "Duel" in 1902-1905 was dictated by the desire to implement a long-conceived plan - "enough" for tsarist army , this concentration of stupidity, ignorance and inhumanity. All the events of the work take place against the backdrop of army life, never going beyond its scope. Perhaps this is done in order to emphasize the real need to at least think about the problems that are shown in the story. After all, the army is a stronghold of autocracy, and if there are shortcomings in it, then they must be strived to eliminate. Otherwise, all the importance and exemplary nature of the existing system is a bluff, an empty phrase, and there is no great power. The main character Lieutenant Romashov will have to realize the whole horror of army reality. The choice of the author is not accidental, because Romashov is in many ways very close to Kuprin: both of them graduated from a military school and entered the army. From the very beginning of the story, the author dramatically immerses us in the atmosphere of army life, painting a picture of company exercises: working out the service at the post, some soldiers not understanding what is required of them (Khlebnikov, following the orders of the arrested person; Mukhamedzhinov, a Tatar who poorly understands Russian and , as a result, incorrectly fulfilling orders). It is not difficult to understand the reasons for this misunderstanding. Khlebnikov, a Russian soldier, simply does not have any education, and therefore for him everything uttered by Corporal Shapovalenko is nothing more than an empty phrase. In addition, the reason for such a misunderstanding is a sharp change in the situation: just as the author abruptly immerses us in this kind of situation, so many recruits had no idea about military affairs before, did not communicate with military people, everything is new to them: “ ... they still did not know how to separate jokes, examples from the real requirements of the service and fell into one or the other extreme. Mukhamedzhinov, on the other hand, does not understand anything because of his nationality, and this is also a big problem for the Russian army - they are trying to “bring everyone under the same brush”, without taking into account the characteristics of each people, which are, so to speak, innate and cannot be eliminated by any training , especially shouting, physical punishments. In general, the problem of assault appears very clearly in this story. This is the apotheosis of social inequality. Of course, we must not forget that corporal punishment for soldiers was only abolished in 1905. But in this case, we are no longer talking about punishment, but about mockery: “Non-commissioned officers brutally beat their subordinates for an insignificant mistake in literature, for a lost leg while marching - they beat them into blood, knocked out teeth, smashed eardrums with blows to the ear, knocked them to the ground with their fists." Will a person with a normal psyche behave like this? The moral world of everyone who enters the army changes radically and, as Romashov notes, is far from being better side. Even Captain Stelkovsky, commander of the fifth company, the best company in the regiment, an officer who always “possessed patient, cool-headed and confident perseverance”, as it turned out, also beat the soldier (Romashov cites as an example how Stelkovsky knocks out a soldier’s teeth along with a horn, incorrect giving a signal to this very horn). In other words, it is not worth envying the fate of people like Stelkovsky. Even less envy is the fate of ordinary soldiers. After all, they do not even have the elementary right to choose: “You cannot beat a person who cannot answer you, does not have the right to raise his hand to his face in order to protect himself from a blow. He doesn’t even dare to turn his head away.” The soldiers must endure all this and cannot even complain, because they know perfectly well what will happen to them then. In addition to the fact that the rank and file are subjected to systematic beatings, they are also deprived of their livelihood: what little salary they receive, they give almost everything to their commander. And this very money is spent by gentlemen officers on all sorts of gatherings in bars with booze, dirty games (again, for money), besides, in the company of depraved women. Leaving officially from feudal system 40 years ago, and having laid down a huge number of human lives for this, Russia at the beginning of the 20th century had a model of such a society in the army, where officers are exploiters-landlords, and ordinary soldiers are slave serfs. The military system is destroying itself from within. It does not sufficiently fulfill the function that is assigned to it. Those who try to go against this system will face a very difficult fate. It is useless to fight such a “machine” alone, it “absorbs everyone and everything”. Even attempts to comprehend what is happening plunge people into shock: Nazansky, who is constantly ill and went into a binge (obviously, thereby trying to hide from reality), finally, the hero of the story is Romashov. For him, every day the blatant facts of social injustice, all the ugliness of the system, become more and more noticeable. With his characteristic self-criticism, he also finds in himself the reasons for this state of affairs: he became part of the “machine”, mixed with this general gray mass of people who do not understand anything and are lost. Romashov tries to isolate himself from them: “He began to retire from the company of officers, dined for the most part at home, did not go to dance evenings to the congregation and stopped drinking.” He “has definitely matured, grown older and more serious in recent days.” Such “growing up” was not easy for him: he went through a social conflict, a struggle with himself, he even had the thought of suicide close to him (he clearly imagined a picture that depicts his dead body and a crowd of people gathered around). Analyzing the position of the Khlebnikovs in the Russian army, the way of life of officers and looking for ways out of such a situation, Romashov comes to the conclusion that an army without a war is absurd, and, therefore, in order to avoid this monstrous phenomenon “army”, and not it must be necessary for people to understand the uselessness of war: “... Let's suppose tomorrow, let's say, this very second this thought occurred to everyone: Russians, Germans, British, Japanese ... And now there is no more war, no officers and soldiers, everyone went home. I am also close to a similar thought: in order to solve such global problems in the army, to solve global problems in general, it is necessary that the majority of people understand the need for change, because small groups people, and even more so a few, are unable to change the course of history. The problematics of "Duel" goes beyond the traditional military story. Kuprin also touches upon the question of the causes of social inequality of people, about possible ways liberation of a person from spiritual oppression, raises the problem of the relationship between the individual and society, the intelligentsia and the people.

Stories about love.

One of the primary themes in Kuprin's work is love. The characters of his creations, "lit up" with a real strong feeling. In the works of this remarkable writer, love is like a pattern, disinterested and selfless. One of the highest values ​​in human life, according to AI Kuprin, has always been love. Love, which collects in a single bouquet all the best, everything healthy and bright, than life rewards a person, which justifies any hardships and hardships that may be encountered on his way.

Many events take place before us on the pages of the story "Duel". But the emotional culmination of the work was not the tragic fate of Romashov, but the night of love he spent with the insidious and therefore even more captivating Shurochka; and the happiness experienced by Romashov on this night before the duel is so great that it is this alone that is conveyed to the reader. In this vein, the poetic and tragic story of a young girl in the story "Olesya" sounds. Olesya's world is a world of spiritual harmony, a world of nature. He is a stranger to Ivan Timofeevich, a representative of the cruel, big city. Olesya attracts him with her “unusualness”, “there was nothing like local girls in her”, naturalness, simplicity and some kind of elusive inner freedom inherent in her image attracted him like a magnet. Olesya grew up in the forest. She could not read or write, but she had great spiritual wealth and a strong character. Ivan Timofeevich is educated, but indecisive, and his kindness is more like cowardice. These two completely different people fell in love with each other, but this love does not bring happiness to the heroes, its outcome is tragic. Ivan Timofeevich feels that he has fallen in love with Olesya, he would even like to marry her, but he is stopped by doubt: “I did not even dare to imagine what Olesya would be like, dressed in a fashionable dress, talking in the living room with the wives of my colleagues, torn out of the charming frame of an old forest full of legends and mysterious powers." He realizes that Olesya cannot change, become different, and he himself does not want her to change. After all, to become different means to become like everyone else, and this is impossible. The story "Olesya" develops the theme of Kuprin's creativity - love as a saving force that protects the "pure gold" of human nature from "degradation", from the destructive influence of bourgeois civilization. It is no coincidence that Kuprin's favorite hero was a man of strong-willed, courageous character and noble, good heart able to enjoy all the diversity of the world. The work is built on a comparison of two heroes, two natures, two worldviews. On the one hand, an educated intellectual, a representative of urban culture, rather humane Ivan Timofeevich, on the other hand, Olesya, a "child of nature" who was not influenced by urban civilization. The writer showed us the true beauty of the innocent, almost childish soul of a girl who grew up far from the noisy world of people, among animals, birds and forests. But along with this, Kuprin also highlights human malice, senseless superstition, fear of the unknown, the unknown. However, true love prevailed over all this. A string of red beads is the last tribute to Olesya's generous heart, the memory of "her tender, generous love."

Poeticizing life, not limited by modern social and cultural frameworks, Kuprin sought to show the obvious advantages of a "natural" person, in whom he saw spiritual qualities lost in a civilized society. Thus the story arises Garnet bracelet", which tells about a sophisticated all-encompassing love. This story is about hopeless and touching love. The writer showed himself a master in depicting real circumstances, he planted extraordinary love in the soul of a simple, ordinary person, and she was able to resist the world of everyday life and vulgarity. And this gift raised him above all the other heroes of the story, even above Vera herself, whom Zheltkov fell in love with. She is cold, independent and calm, but this is not just a state of disappointment in herself and the world around her. Zheltkov's love, so strong and at the same time elegant, awakens in her a feeling anxiety - this instills in her a gift of a garnet bracelet with "bloody" stones.She subconsciously immediately begins to understand that such love cannot survive in modern world. And this feeling clears up only after the death of Zheltkov. Kuprin himself understands love as a miracle, as a wonderful gift. The death of an official revived a woman who did not believe in love, which means that love still conquers death. In general, the story is devoted to the inner awakening of Vera, her gradual realization of the true role of love. To the sound of music, the soul of the heroine is reborn. From cold contemplation to a hot, quivering feeling of oneself, of a person in general, of the world - such is the path of the heroine, who once came into contact with a rare guest of the earth - love.

For Kuprin, love is a hopeless platonic feeling, and a tragic one at that. Increased addiction to anything human personality and the mastery of psychological analysis - the specificity of AI Kuprin's artistic talent, which allowed him to study the realistic heritage to an absolute extent. The importance of his work lies in the artistically convincing discovery of the soul of his contemporary. The author analyzes love as a moral and psychological feeling. The stories created by Kuprin, despite the complexity of the circumstances and often tragic end full of vitality and optimism. You close the book you read with his stories, and in your soul you still long time the feeling from touching something light and clear is preserved.

A special place in the work of A. I. Kuprin is occupied by the theme of love. The writer gave us three stories, united by this great theme, - "Garnet bracelet", "Olesya" and "Shulamith".
Kuprin showed different facets of this feeling in each of his works, but one thing is invariable: love illuminates the life of his heroes with an extraordinary light, becomes the brightest, unique event in life, a gift of fate. It is in love that they unfold best features his heroes.
Fate threw the hero of the story "Olesya" into a remote village in the Volyn province, on the outskirts of Polissya. Ivan Timofeevich is a writer. He is an educated, intelligent, inquisitive person. He is interested in people, with their customs and traditions, he is interested in legends and songs of the region. He went to Polissya with the intention of enriching his life experience with new observations useful for the writer: “Polesie ... wilderness ... the bosom of nature ... simple manners... primitive natures, he thought, sitting in the carriage.
Life presented Ivan Timofeevich with an unexpected gift: in the wilderness of Polissya, he met a wonderful girl and his true love.
Olesya and her grandmother Manuilikha live in the forest, away from the people who once expelled them from the village, suspecting them of witchcraft. Ivan Timofeevich is an enlightened person and, unlike the dark Polissya peasants, understands that Olesya and Manuilikha simply "have access to some instinctive knowledge obtained by random experience."
Ivan Timofeevich falls in love with Olesya. But he is a man of his time, his circle. Reproaching Olesya for superstition, Ivan Timofeevich himself is no less dominated by the prejudices and rules by which the people of his circle lived. He did not even dare to imagine what Olesya would look like, dressed in a fashionable dress, talking in the living room with the wives of his colleagues, Olesya, torn from the "enchanting frame of the old forest."
Next to Olesya, he looks like a weak, not free person, “a person with a lazy heart”, which will not bring happiness to anyone. “There will be no great joys in your life, but there will be a lot of boredom and hardship,” Olesya predicts to him from the cards. Ivan Timofeevich could not save Olesya from trouble, who, trying to please her beloved, went to church contrary to her convictions, despite the fear of the hatred of the local inhabitants.
In Oles there is courage and determination, which our hero lacks, she has the ability to act. Petty calculations and fears are alien to her when we are talking about the feeling: "Let it be, what will be, but I will not give my joy to anyone."
Persecuted and persecuted by superstitious peasants, Olesya leaves, leaving a string of "coral" beads as a memento for Ivan Timofeevich. She knows that for him soon “everything will pass, everything will be erased”, and he will remember her love without grief, easily and joyfully.
The story "Olesya" brings new touches to the endless theme of love. Here, Kuprin's love is not only the greatest gift, which it is a sin to refuse. Reading the story, we understand that this feeling is unthinkable without naturalness and freedom, without the bold determination to defend one's feelings, without the ability to sacrifice in the name of those one loves. Therefore, Kuprin remains the most interesting, intelligent and delicate interlocutor for readers of all time.

The theme of love is the main theme in the work of A. I. Kuprin. It is love that makes it possible to realize the most intimate principles of the human personality. Especially dear to the writer strong natures who know how to sacrifice themselves for the sake of feeling. But A. Kuprin sees...

The image of Olesya makes the reader remember the amazing fairy-tale beauties who, in addition to their beauty, had many talents. The girl grew up in unity with nature and is close to it. It is no coincidence that already at the moment of acquaintance, first of all, the main ...

1. New!

   The story "Olesya" became the main work in the cycle of Polissya stories created by Kuprin during his stay in Polesie in the Volyn province. Here the writer made acquaintance with peasant hunters, wandered through the forests, studied local customs and listened to folk ...

By greed to seize everything and to respond to everything even with a trifle, a trifle, through greed "get used to life", or rather, relive it again, return the irrevocable, be with people - this artist knows no equal. He constantly strives to "peek, ...

True love is pure, sublime, all-consuming love.
Such love is depicted in many works of A. I. Kuprin: "Garnet Bracelet", "Shulamith", "Olesya". All three stories end tragically: "The Garnet Bracelet" and "Shulamith" are resolved by the death of the main characters, in "Oles" the plot action ends with the parting of Olesya and the narrator. According to Kuprin, true love doomed because she has no place in this world - she will always be condemned in a vicious social environment.
In Oles, the obstacles to the love of the characters were their social differences and the prejudices of society. Olesya is a girl who was born and spent her entire youth in the thickets of Polissya, wild, uneducated, aloof from people. locals they considered her a witch, despised her, hated her (the cruel reception given to her at the church fence is indicative). Olesya did not respond to them with mutual hatred, she was simply afraid of them and preferred solitude. However, she was imbued with confidence in the narrator from the first meeting; their mutual attraction grew rapidly and gradually grew into a real feeling.
The narrator (Ivan) was struck by the combination of naturalness, the “forest soul”, and nobility, “of course, in best sense this rather vulgar word. Olesya never studied, she could not even read, but she spoke eloquently and fluently, "no worse than a real young lady." And the main thing that attracted him to the Polissya sorceress was her attraction to folk traditions, her strong, strong-willed character and freedom-loving, sensitive and capable of sincerely loving soul. Olesya did not know how to pretend, so her love could not be a low impulse or a mask. And the hero had such sincere, genuine feelings for her: he found a soul mate in the girl, they understood each other without words. And true love, as you know, is built on mutual understanding.
Olesya loved Ivan selflessly, sacrificially. Fearing that society would condemn him, the girl left him, abandoned her happiness, preferring his happiness. Each of the heroes chose the well-being of the other. But their personal happiness turned out to be impossible without mutual love. This confirms the ending of the story: “Lord! What happened? - Ivan whispered, "entering with a sinking heart into the hallway." This was the apogee of the hero's misfortune.
Love united them forever and separated them forever: only strong feelings prompted Olesya to leave Ivan, and Ivan to allow her to do so. They were not afraid for themselves, but feared for each other. Olesya went to church for the sake of Ivan, realizing that danger awaited her there. But she did not betray her fears to Ivan, so as not to upset him. In their scene last date she also did not want to upset her lover, to disappoint him, therefore she did not turn her face to him until he “took her head from the pillow with tender tenderness.” She called out: “Don’t look at me ... I beg you ... I’m ugly now ...” But Ivan was not embarrassed by the long red bruises that furrowed her forehead, cheeks and neck, turned away from her, wounded, for him she was the most beautiful even then. He loved her unconditionally and did not give up his intention to marry her. But in cruel society, ossified in prejudice, it was impossible.
Olesya was an outcast of society. People believed that Olesya was inciting trouble, telling fortunes, they despised and feared her, but Ivan believed her. Even when she herself began to assure him that she had witchcraft power, he had no doubt that she was kind and not capable of harming anyone, that the power contained in her was bright, and gossip about her was superstitious fiction. He could not suspect Olesya of anything bad, he trusted her, which means he experienced true love, love based on faith, hope and forgiveness.
Olesya was also ready to forgive Ivan in any situation, to blame herself, but to shield him (although it was because of Ivan that she went to church, she blamed only herself for the misfortune that happened to her). Tears and an inexorable tremor in the reader’s heart are caused by Olesya’s answer to the hero’s request to forgive him: “What are you doing! .. What are you, dear? .. Aren’t you ashamed to even think about it? What is your fault here? I'm all alone, stupid ... Well, why did I really climb? No, honey, you can’t blame yourself ... ”The girl laid all the blame and all the responsibility for what had happened on herself. And for subsequent actions - too. Olesya, who had never been afraid of anything, suddenly became afraid ... for Ivan. Ivan repeatedly offered Olesya to marry him, expressed assurances to her in their future, happy and joint future, but the girl was afraid to put him under the blow of the law and rumors, to cast a shadow on his reputation. And Ivan, in turn, neglected his reputation in the name of love.
Their feeling did not bring them happiness, sacrifices in the name of each other - too. The society had too much pressure on them. But no prejudices could overcome their love. After the disappearance of Olesya, the narrator says: “With a cramped, tearful heart, I was about to leave the hut, when suddenly my attention was attracted by a bright object, apparently deliberately hung at the corner of the window frame. It was a string of cheap red beads, known in Polissya as "corals", - the only thing that remained to me as a memory of Olesya and her tender, generous love. This unforgettable little thing symbolized for Ivan the love of Olesya, which she, even after parting, sought to convey to him.
The concepts of "soul" and "love" for both heroes were inseparable, therefore their love is pure and immaculate, sublime and sincere, like souls - pure, bright. Love for them is a creation of the soul. A feeling devoid of distrust and jealousy: “Were you jealous of me?” - “Never, Olesya! Never!" How could one be jealous of her, pure and bright Olesya ?! Too lofty, strong and strong was their mutual love to admit the selfish instinct - jealousy. By itself, their love excluded everything mundane, vulgar, banal; the heroes did not love for themselves, they did not cherish their love, but gave their souls to each other.
Such love - eternal, but misunderstood by society, sacrificial, but not bringing happiness, can be granted not to many and only once in a lifetime. Because such love is the highest manifestation of Man. And a person is born only once.