The drama "Thunderstorm", according to Dobrolyubov, "is the most decisive work Ostrovsky", in which he showed the tyranny and despotism of the merchants of the "dark kingdom".
In the drama, the main character of the “Russian strong character with the cruel and inhuman mores of the old way of life. Katerina - main character drama. This nature is poetic, dreamy, tender.
Katerina's childhood in her parents' house passed very quickly, and she remembers it as the best time of her life. Her mother's life was easy and joyful. Katerina loved taking care of the flowers, walking in the garden, going to church to listen church singing and music, embroidered on velvet with gold. Then the girls were not given any education, and books were replaced by the stories of wanderers. Even as a child, Katerina was impressionable. Under the influence of the stories of praying women and wanderers, her freedom-loving and romantic character was formed.
Main feature in the character of Katerina - "the image of a bird." In folk poetry, the bird is a symbol of will. “I lived, didn’t grieve about anything, like a bird in the wild,” Katerina recalls about how she lived before marriage. “... Why don't people fly like birds? she says to Barbara. “You know, sometimes I feel like I’m a bird.”
Katerina wants to love both her husband and her mother-in-law, but she does not find a response to her feelings in them. Tikhon refuses to take her with him, Kabanikha pursues with his instructions. But Katerina endures for the time being. “And if it gets too cold for me here,” she says, “there is no way to keep me by any force. I’ll throw myself out the window, I’ll throw myself into the pool ... ”. The boar is an ardent defender of the old order. Realizing that the old kingdom of tyrants is coming to an end, she hates everything new, sharpens everyone, achieving her own rules, therefore lies and pretense reign in her house.
Katerina is an independent, determined person. How hard it is for her when she listens to Tikhon's orders, which he gives her under the dictation of her mother. It is here that she begins to understand the horror of her situation.
Katerina is a determined and courageous person. The only love and Katerina's joy is Boris. She will not come to terms with the reality around her. She is ready for any sacrifice for the sake of a loved one, transcending even those concepts of sin that are sacred to her. She truly loves. "Let everyone know, let everyone see what I'm doing!" she says to Boris. She expects real life happy love.
Katherine is alone. She does not find protection either from her husband or from her lover Boris Grigorievich. Neither the husband nor Boris can fight for their happiness, defend their rights, love.
Katerina's love for Boris is sincere and deep. Katerina is not afraid of death, and Boris is too weak to help Katerina.
The path to freedom is cut off, and she cannot live among the boars. And Katerina decides to commit suicide.
The suicide of the heroine is a protest against tyranny, dark forces, the kingdom of house-building. So for the first time in the "dark kingdom" a "light beam" flashed.
Plays by A.N. Ostrovsky are plays of true truth, true life. The drama "Thunderstorm" was of great importance in the writer's work and in all Russian dramaturgy.
Katerina is strong personality. She managed to awaken in her husband a feeling of love, pity, truthfulness. Kabanov says to his mother: “You ruined her! You! You!"
The image of Katerina belongs to the best images women in the work of Ostrovsky, in all Russian literature.
Who is Katherine? weak creature or Strong woman?
The play by Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm" was written in 1860, on the eve of the abolition of serfdom. This work showed all the conflicts that existed in the sixties of the nineteenth century: the struggle between the obsolete tyranny of merchants and new people who begin to feel their human dignity.
The main character in the play is Katerina. In his well-known article, the critic N. A. Dobrolyubov called it “a ray of light in a dark kingdom.” In his opinion, “a resolute, integral Russian character ... appears in Ostrovsky in the female type,” since “the strongest protest is the one that finally rises from the chest of the weakest and most patient.” So let's look at the character of Katerina in more detail.
In Katerina, Christian culture is harmoniously intertwined with pagan beliefs. This heroine is very far from the asceticism of the house-building rules. “Before I died, I loved to go to church! For sure, it used to happen that I would enter heaven and not see anyone, and I don’t remember the time, and I don’t hear when the service is over,” says Katerina. What does she see when she prays? She sees singing angels in a light column descending from the dome, she feels the spirituality of the earthly forces of heaven. In her speech, there are many repetitive words associated with Christianity: the temple, I pray, sins, angels. Early in the morning, among the awakening nature, she prays to the morning sun, since the Slavs considered the East a country of omnipotent powers: what am I crying about?
Katerina is a dreamy, romantic and impressionable person. According to Dobrolyubov, "this character is predominantly creative, loving, ideal." She frankly tells Varvara, the only close person in the Kabanovs' house, about her happy and free childhood. Her parents had an easy life, but she did not receive an education. She drew information about the world from the lips of wanderers and praying women. Her imagination turns these superstitious tales into bright, kind fantasies.
Ostrovsky endows his heroine with poetry. No wonder the word “bird” is repeated several times in the work, with which the heroine compares herself. In my opinion, Katerina is, in fact, a bird in a cage from which there is no way to escape. This cell is the house of the Boar. “You know, sometimes I feel like I'm a bird. When you stand on a mountain, you are drawn to fly. That's how she would run up, raise her hands and fly, ”says Katerina herself.
Her freedom-loving passionate nature manifests itself in childhood. “This is how I was born, hot! I was still six years old, no more, so I did it! They offended me with something at home, but it was towards evening, it was already dark; I ran out to the Volga, got into the boat, and pushed it away from the shore, ”Katerina tells about herself.
And such a romantic, poetic, freedom-loving person finds himself in the Kabanov family, in a house “where all life withers and dries up”, in a world in which tyranny and hypocrisy rules. There is a clash between Katerina's love of freedom, daydreaming and Kabanikh's coldness, callousness. “Under the heavy hand of the soulless Kabanikh, there is no scope for her bright visions, just as there is no freedom for her feelings,” Dobrolyubov believes. The heroine is not understood even by her husband, who is completely under the control of his mother. But unlike his wife, Tikhon can occasionally break out of captivity: run away to Savel Prokofich for a drink, and go to Moscow from his mother. Katerina, on the other hand, has no hope of breaking out into the “free air”. The strength of her character is manifested in the fact that she is ready to endure all the antics of Kabanikh only up to a certain point. “And if it gets too cold for me here, they won’t hold me back by any force. I'll throw myself out the window, I'll throw myself into the Volga. I don’t want to live here, so I won’t, even if you cut me!” she says to Barbara. Dobrolyubov notes on this occasion: “This character will endure itself, in spite of any obstacles; and when there is not enough strength, he will perish, but will not betray himself.
Katerina is a very solid, honest, direct person. The house in which Katerina lives is based on lies and deceit. “It is impossible without this; remember where you live! Our house is based on that. And I was not a liar, but I learned when it became necessary, ”says Varvara. This is disgusting to Katerina: “I don’t know how to deceive, I can’t hide anything.” Therefore, she is afraid of meeting Boris, not wanting to cheat on her lawful husband, albeit unloved. But the passion for Boris is stronger than her. This passion contains both the need for love, and the longing of her life in the house of the Kabanikhi, and the desire for freedom, space, and freedom. But Boris failed to appreciate her feelings. He is the same "weak-willed sufferer" as Tikhon, only "educated". He must also obey Uncle Wild, like Tikhon to his mother. Katerina must return home, but she cannot return to former life. “If she can’t enjoy her feelings, her will, it’s completely legal and holy, if they tear out from her what she found and what is so dear to her, then she doesn’t want anything in life, she doesn’t want life either,” writes Dobrolyubov.
As mentioned above, Katerina is religious. She couldn't hide her sin. An approaching thunderstorm, like a punishment for sins, a half-crazy lady who frightens a girl with “gehenna fiery”, dilapidated buildings - all this weighs on Katerina. And she publicly repents before her husband for her sins. If the play ended like this, then Kabanikha could celebrate the victory: “Where will the will lead!”
But the end of the play is different. Katerina, in despair, throws herself from the high bank of the Volga. She knows the way to free life it is closed to her, and it is impossible to return home. “What is home, what is in the grave,” says the heroine. “And the matter is over: she will no longer be a victim of a soulless mother-in-law, she will no longer languish locked up with a spineless and disgusting husband. She's released!" - states Dobrolyubov. She sees no other way. It seems to me that this act should be perceived not as Katerina's weakness, but as her moral victory over the "dark forces" that she did not want to submit to. This is her protest against the tyranny of the Kabanovsky house, against the miserable and powerless position of a married woman, against those principles of morality that killed her free, poetic essence in her. So I can say with confidence that Katerina is a very strong person who had the courage to challenge the entire “dark kingdom”.
The drama "Thunderstorm", according to Dobrolyubov, "is the most decisive work of Ostrovsky", in which he showed the tyranny and despotism of the merchants, the "dark kingdom".
In the drama, the main character of the “Russian strong character” clashes with the cruel and inhuman mores of the old way of life. Katerina is the main character of the drama. This nature is poetic, dreamy, tender.
Katerina's childhood in her parents' house passed very quickly, and she remembers it as the best time of her life. Her mother's life was easy and joyful. Katerina loved taking care of the flowers, walking alone in the garden, going to church to listen to church singing and music, she embroidered on velvet with gold. Then the girls were not given any education, and books were replaced by the stories of wanderers. Even as a child, Katerina was impressionable. Under the influence of the stories of praying women and wanderers, her freedom-loving and romantic character was formed.
The main feature in Katerina's character is the “image of a bird”. In folk poetry, the bird is a symbol of will. “I lived, I didn’t grieve about anything, like a bird in the wild,” Katerina recalls how she lived before marriage. “... Why don't people fly like birds? she says to Barbara. “You know, sometimes I feel like I’m a bird.”
Katerina wants to love both her husband and her mother-in-law, but she does not find a response to her feelings in them. Tikhon refuses to take her with him, Kabanikha pursues with his instructions. But Katerina endures for the time being. “And if it gets too cold for me here,” she says, “so no force can hold me back. I’ll throw myself out the window, I’ll throw myself into the pool ... ”Kabanikha, this ardent defender of the old order, realizing that the old kingdom of tyrants is coming to an end, hates everything new, sharpens everyone, achieving her own rules. Lies and pretense reign in the house of Kabanikhi.
Katerina is an independent, determined person. How hard it is for her when she listens to Tikhon's orders, which he gives her under the dictation of her mother. It is here that she begins to understand the horror of her situation.
Katerina is a determined and courageous person. Katerina's only love and joy is Boris. She will not come to terms with the reality around her. She is ready for any sacrifice for the sake of a loved one, transcending even those concepts of sin that are sacred to her. She truly loves. “Let everyone know, let everyone see what I do!” she says to Boris. She expects real, happy love from life.
Katherine is alone. She does not find protection either from her husband or from her lover Boris Grigorievich. Neither the husband nor Boris can fight for their happiness, defend their rights, love.
How sincerely and deeply she loves Boris! Katerina is not afraid of death, but Boris is too weak to help Katerina.
The path to freedom is cut off, and she cannot live among the Kabanovs. And Katerina decides to commit suicide.
The suicide of the heroine is a protest against tyranny, dark forces, the kingdom of house building. So for the first time in the “dark kingdom” a “light beam” flashed.
The plays of A. N. Ostrovsky are plays of true truth, true life. The drama "Thunderstorm" was of particular importance.
Katerina is a strong personality. She managed to awaken in her husband a feeling of love, pity, truthfulness. Kabanov says to his mother: “You ruined her! You! You!"
The image of Katerina belongs to the best images of a woman in the work of Ostrovsky, in all Russian literature.
A. N. Ostrovsky in each of his plays created and showed multifaceted characters, whose life is interesting to watch. One of the playwright's works tells about a girl who committed suicide, unable to withstand the pressure of circumstances. The development of the character of Katerina in the play "Thunderstorm" by Ostrovsky, as well as her emotional experiences, are the main driving forces plot.
Listed actors Ostrovsky refers to Katerina as the wife of Tikhon Kabanov. With the development of the plot, the reader gradually reveals the image of Katya, realizing that this character is not exhausted by the function of the wife. The character of Katerina in the drama "Thunderstorm" can be called strong. Despite the unhealthy situation in the family, Katya managed to maintain purity and firmness. She refuses to accept the rules of the game, living by her own. For example, Tikhon obeys his mother in everything. In one of the first dialogues, Kabanov convinces his mother that he does not have his own opinion. But soon the topic of conversation changes - and now Kabanikha, as if casually, accuses Katerina of the fact that Tikhon loves her more. Until this moment, Katerina did not participate in the conversation, but now she is offended by the words of her mother-in-law. The girl addresses Kabanikha as you, which can be regarded as a hidden disrespect, as well as some kind of equality. Katerina puts herself on a par with her, denying the family hierarchy. Katya politely expresses her dissatisfaction with the slander, emphasizing that in public she is the same as at home, and there is no need for her to pretend. This remark actually speaks of Katya as strong man. In the course of the story, we learn that the tyranny of the Kabanikh applies only to the family, and in society the old woman talks about maintaining family orders and proper upbringing, covering up her cruelty with words about the benefactor. The author shows that Katerina, firstly, is aware of the behavior of her mother-in-law; secondly, I disagree with this; and, thirdly, he openly declares to Kabanikhe, whom even his own son cannot object to, about his views. However, Kabanikha does not leave attempts to humiliate her daughter-in-law, forcing her to kneel before her husband.
Sometimes a girl remembers how she lived before. Katerina's childhood was quite carefree. The girl went to church with her mother, sang songs, walked, according to Katya, she didn’t have everything that could be. Katya compares herself before marriage with a free bird: she was left to herself, she controlled her own life. And now Katya often compares herself to a bird. " Why do people do not fly like birds? she says to Barbara. “You know, sometimes I feel like I’m a bird.” But such a bird cannot fly away. Once in a cage with thick bars, Katerina gradually suffocates in captivity. Such a freedom-loving person as Katya cannot exist in the rigid framework of the kingdom of lies and hypocrisy. Everything in Katya seems to breathe with feelings and love for the most unique - for life itself. Once in the Kabanov family, the girl loses this inner feeling. Her life is similar to life before marriage: the same songs, the same trips to church. But now, in such a hypocritical environment, Katya feels false.
It is surprising that having such inner strength, Katya does not oppose herself to others. She is “a martyr, a prisoner, deprived of the opportunity to grow, develop,” but she does not consider herself as such. Through the "millstone of hostility and malicious envy" she tries to pass with dignity, without losing or vulgarizing her essence.
Katya can easily be called bold. Indeed, the girl tried to fight the feelings that flared up in her for Boris, but still decided to meet him. Katya takes responsibility for her own destiny and decisions. In a sense, during the secret meetings with Boris, Katya gains freedom. She is not afraid of "neither sin nor human judgment." Finally, a girl can do what her heart tells her to do.
But with the return of Tikhon, their meetings cease. Katya's desire to tell about her relationship with Diky's nephew does not please Boris. He hopes that the girl will remain silent, dragging her into the net. dark kingdom”, from which Katya tried so desperately to escape. One of the critics of the drama, Melnikov-Pechersky, surprisingly aptly described Katerina: “a young woman, having fallen under the yoke of this old woman, experiences thousands of moral torments and at the same time realizes that God has put an ardent heart in her, that passions are raging in her young breast , not at all compatible with seclusion married women, which dominates in the environment where Katerina got.
Neither the confession of treason, nor the conversation with Boris lived up to Katerina's hopes. For her, the difference and inconsistency real world and visions of the future proved fatal. The decision to rush into the Volga was not spontaneous - Katya had long felt the approaching death. She was afraid of a thunderstorm, seeing in it retribution for sins and bad thoughts. frank confession Katerina becomes like a desperate communion, a desire to be honest to the end. It is noteworthy that between the events a confession of treason - a conversation with Boris - suicide takes some time. And all these days the girl suffers insults and curses from her mother-in-law, who wants to bury her alive in the ground.
You can’t condemn the heroine, talk about the weakness of Katerina’s character in The Thunderstorm. Nevertheless, even having committed such a sin, Katya remains as pure and innocent as in the first acts of the play.
Discussing the strength or weakness of Katerina's character can be useful for grade 10 students when writing an essay on the topic "Katerina's character in the play" Thunderstorm "".
Artwork test
strong or weak character Katerina? (practical lesson) Katerina: Why don't people fly? Barbara: I don't understand what you're saying. A. N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm"
Lesson questions: 1. What are the traits inner peace Katerina? 2. What are the origins of her nature? 3. What meaning did the playwright put into the title of the drama?
Workshop Let's listen and analyze Katerina's monologues. Write down Katerina's traits in a notebook during the lesson
Analysis of the monologue “Why don't people fly? . . . » What does the image of a bird symbolize? What does Katherine dream about? What traits of the heroine does this monologue talk about? Does Varvara understand Katerina? Why?
Analysis of monologue 2 What does Katerina's phrase say: “What a frisky I was! I have completely withered”? Find here folklore comparison In what does Katerina see the beauty of her girlish life? Do you agree with what Varvara says: “Yes, we have the same thing”? Don't you think that Katerina grew up as a loafer?
Analysis of monologue 3 What traits of Katerina does this monologue talk about? Why now she does not dream of such amazing pure dreams?
Conversation Does Katerina humble herself before her mother-in-law? Read examples How do you feel about her behavior? What would Barbara do in her place? Can Katherine do this? Why?
Katerina's character traits True believer Spiritually rich Poetic Pure Dreamy and enthusiastic Hates lies, truthful Freedom-loving
What made Katerina like this? The nationality of the environment in which she grew up Oral folk poetry Church literature and religiosity
Could Katherine have close person? Does anyone understand her? Varvara Boris Tikhon and Katerina
The Crazy Lady What role does the Mad Lady play in the play? Why is Varvara not afraid of her, but Katerina is afraid?
Before sin and after sin Action 2 scene 10. What is psychological condition heroines? Action 4 phenomenon 3. What feelings does Katerina experience after what she did? Action 5 scene 2. How does she realize her act? How does she feel about Boris Action 5 scene 3. Is Boris guilty of Katerina's suicide?
Katerina's conflict death Education nature Spiritless " dark kingdom» Dream = sin "Stuffy" Fight with yourself
Religiosity of upbringing “Oh, Varya, you don’t know my character ... if I get cold here, then no force can hold me back. I'll throw myself out the window, I'll throw myself into the Volga. I don’t want to live here, I won’t, even if you cut me!” Liberty, determination, inability to humble
Homework. Fill in the table Quotes 1. “Something bad is happening to me, some kind of miracle” 2. “It’s like I’m starting to live again, or ... I don’t know” 3. “It’s like I’m over the abyss, and someone is pushing me there , but there’s nothing for me to hold on to” 4. “It’s as if the evil one is whispering in my ears” At what point was this said, in connection with what, what conclusions can be drawn?
