Plan
Introduction
The story of the captivity and life of Mtsyri.
Main part
Three days of wandering - the most vivid impressions of the hero's life:
a) the beauty of nature;
b) meeting with a Georgian girl;
c) a battle with a leopard.
Mtsyri realized that "there will never be a trace to the homeland."
The hero does not regret the three days spent wandering.
Conclusion
The life of the hero "without these three blessed days would be sadder and gloomier ...".
Poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri" is dedicated to the events in the Caucasus in the 30-40s of the XIX century. Mtsyri is a captive child from a mountain tribe, weakened and sick. The Russian general leaves him in a Georgian monastery in the care of the monks. They managed to cure the child, he was baptized, called "Mtsyri", which means "novice". It seemed that Mtsyri was accustomed to living in a monastery, resigned himself to his fate and was even preparing to take a monastic vow, but “suddenly one day he disappeared.” Only three days later they found him, insensible, in the steppe and brought him back.
What did Mtsyri tell about his wanderings during these three days? These were the brightest impressions of his life. All that he was deprived of appeared before him in all its glory. The beauty of nature, "lush fields", hills, mountain streams struck the young man. “God's garden bloomed all around me,” he tells the monk. Even more struck was his meeting with a Georgian girl. Let “her outfit was poor”, but “the darkness of her eyes was so deep, so full of the secrets of love, that my ardent thoughts were confused ...” - the young man recalls. Finally, the battle with the leopard became the strongest shock for him: “... the heart suddenly lit up with a thirst for struggle and blood ...” Armed only with a horned tree bough, Mtsyri shows miracles of courage and strength in this battle. He enjoys the fury of the battle and convinces himself that "maybe in the land of his fathers he is not one of the last daring ones."
Of course, all these impressions tired and exhausted his strength. He's not ready to escape, practically or physically. He does not know the way, did not stock up on food. Therefore, then wandering through the mountains begins, a breakdown, a delusional dream. Seeing familiar places and hearing the ringing of a bell, Mtsyri realized that he was doomed, “that I would never be able to lay a trace back to my homeland.” But he does not regret the three days spent wandering. They contained everything that was not in his life before, all his missed opportunities: freedom, the beauty of the world, the longing for love, the fury of the struggle.
Do you want to know what I did
At will? Lived - and my life
Without these three blessed days
It would be sadder and gloomier
Your powerless old age, -
Mtsyri says to the monk in his dying confession. Life is a feat, life-struggle - this is what the rebellious soul of the hero needed, and it is not his fault that only these three days were realized in his life.
“Do you want to know what I saw / In the wild?” - this is how Mtsyri, the hero, begins his confession poem of the same name M. Lermontov. As a very young child, he was locked up in a monastery, where he spent all his conscious years of his life, never seeing the big world and real life. But just before the tonsure, the young man decides to escape, and a huge world opens up before him. For three days at will, Mtsyri learns this world, trying to make up for everything previously lost, and the truth learns during this time more than others in a lifetime.
What does Mtsyri see in the wild? The first thing he feels is joy and admiration from the nature he has seen, which seems incredibly beautiful to the young man. Indeed, he has something to admire, because he has magnificent Caucasian landscapes in front of him. “Lush fields”, “fresh crowd” of trees, “fancy as dreams” mountain ranges, “white caravan” of bird-clouds - everything attracts the curious look of Mtsyra. His heart becomes “easy, I don’t know why,” and the most precious memories awaken in him, which he was deprived of in captivity. Pictures of childhood and native village, close and familiar people pass before the inner gaze of the hero. Here, the sensitive and poetic nature of Mtsyri is revealed, who sincerely responds to the call of nature, opens up to meet her. It becomes clear to the reader watching the hero that he belongs to those natural people who prefer communication with nature to rotation in society, and their soul has not yet been corrupted by the falsity of this society. The image of Mtsyra in this way was especially important for Lermontov for two reasons. First, classic romantic hero just the same, and should have been characterized in a similar way, as a person close to the wild. And, secondly, the poet contrasts his hero with his environment, the so-called generation of the 1830s, most of whom were empty and unprincipled young people. For Mtsyra, three days of freedom became whole life, full of events and inner experiences, - Lermontov's acquaintances complained of boredom and burned their lives in salons and at balls.
Mtsyri continues on his way, and other pictures open before him. Nature is revealed in all its formidable power: lightning, downpour, the "threatening abyss" of the gorge and the noise of the stream, similar to "angry hundreds of voices." But there is no fear in the heart of the fugitive, such a nature is even closer for Mtsyra: “I, like a brother, would be glad to hug the storm!”. For this, a reward awaits him: the voices of heaven and earth, "shy birds", grass and stones - everything surrounding the hero becomes clear to him. Stunning moments of communication with wildlife, dreams and hopes in the midday heat under the incredibly clean - so that one could even see an angel - the sky Mtsyri is ready to experience again and again. So he again feels life and its joy in himself.
Against the backdrop of beautiful mountain scenery his love, a young Georgian girl, also appears before Mtsyri. Her beauty is harmonious and combines all the best natural colors: the mysterious blackness of the nights and the gold of the day. Mtsyri, living in a monastery, dreamed of a homeland, and therefore he does not succumb to the temptation of love. The hero goes forward, and then nature turns to him with her second face.
Night falls, the cold and impenetrable night of the Caucasus. Only the light of a lonely sakli glows faintly somewhere in the distance. Mtsyri recognizes hunger and feels loneliness, the very same that tormented him in the monastery. And the forest stretches and stretches, surrounds Mtsyri with an "impenetrable wall", and he realizes that he is lost. Nature, so friendly to him during the day, suddenly turns into a terrible enemy, ready to lead the fugitive astray and laugh cruelly at him. Moreover, she, in the guise of a leopard, directly stands in the way of Mtsyri, and he has to fight with an equal being for the right to continue on his way. But thanks to this, the hero learns hitherto unknown joy, the joy of fair competition and the happiness of a worthy victory.
It is not difficult to guess why such metamorphoses occur, and Lermontov puts the explanation into the mouth of Mtsyri himself. “It’s the heat, powerless and empty, / The game of dreams, the disease of the mind,” this is how the hero speaks of his dream of returning home to the Caucasus. Yes, for Mtsyra, the homeland means everything, but he, who grew up in prison, will no longer be able to find a way to her. Even a horse that has thrown off a rider returns home, ”Mtsyri exclaims bitterly. But he himself, grown in captivity, like a weak flower, lost that natural instinct that unmistakably prompts the way, and got lost. Mtsyri is delighted with nature, but he is no longer her child, and she rejects him, as a pack of weak and sick animals rejects. The heat scorches the dying Mtsyri, a snake rustles past him, a symbol of sin and death, she rushes about and jumps, “like a blade”, and the hero can only watch this game ...
Mtsyri was free for only a few days, and he had to pay for them with death. And yet they did not pass fruitlessly, the hero knew the beauty of the world, love, and the joy of battle. That is why these three days for Mtsyra are more valuable than the rest of existence:
Do you want to know what I did
At will? Lived - and my life
Without these three blessed days
It would be sadder and gloomier ...
Artwork test
Remembering his wanderings in the mountains, the young man does not stop polemics with his ideological opponent: a thunderstorm is not a sign of “God’s wrath”, but boundless happiness, a native element for a soul enveloped in a storm of experiences (Chapter 8). female beauty not the embodiment of the evil inclination, sinfulness, but the highest harmony, rejected by the young man only because he devoted his life to other goals. The episode of the meeting with the leopard (chapters 15-19) becomes a hymn to strength, courage, resistance to hostile circumstances:
- ... a triumphant enemy
He met death face to face
- As a fighter follows in battle!
Of course, this is about the dead leopard. But in chased lines that sound like an aphorism - life credo hero. And, isn’t it, proudly, “gathering the rest of his strength”, boldly looking death in the face, Mtsyri himself dies? Yes, it's hard for a young man to say goodbye to life. Bitterly (and unfairly!) he accuses himself of being unable to achieve the desired freedom. The final mournful lines of the poem resonate with pain in the hearts of readers. But, physically broken (“The prison has left its seal on me…”), the hero discovers tremendous fortitude; until the last moments he remains true to his ideal. He is alien to any thought of heavenly harmony;
- Alas! - for a few minutes
- Between steep and dark rocks,
- Where I played as a child,
- I would trade heaven and eternity ...
Dying, but not conquered, it remains forever in our minds as a symbol of courage and will. So, the main part of the poem is a dialogue-argument, a clash of opposing views on life, a clash of worldviews. On the one hand, humility, passivity, fear of upheavals and storms, rejection of earthly joys and miserable hopes for heavenly paradise. On the other hand, a thirst for storms, anxiety, battle, struggle, a passion for freedom, a deeply poetic perception of nature and beauty, a desire for the joys and sufferings of earthly life, a protest against church and any other slavery, a rebellion against orders sanctified by the name of God. The reader draws our attention to the power and richness of the pictures of Caucasian nature drawn by the poet, which enhance the impression of the hero's extraordinary figure, shed light on his attitude to the world (for example, chapter 6) and help to understand him. psychological condition in different circumstances (eg chapters 11 and 22, question 7).
Mtsyri's story is not a narrative of events unfolding now, but memories of what has been experienced. These memories, of course, are colored by the feelings that the hero experiences at the moment of the story. Mtsyri, as it were, reconsiders, reevaluates what he has seen and experienced, and chooses the most impressive colors to recreate pictures of the Caucasian nature and express his feelings. Readers know that the young man was faced not only with the beauty of the world around him, but also with the terrible and ugly in it; nature was not only benevolent, but also ruthless to him. Why, speaking in general terms about what he saw (“Do you want to know what I saw in the wild?”), Mtsyri paints a picture of Caucasian nature in joyful colors? Why is the valley that appears before us at the end of his story as a scorched desert (Chapter 22), in Chapter 6, at the beginning of the story, when the hero conveys only the most general and main impressions of what he saw, is depicted in a completely different way:
- ... Lush fields,
- Crowned hills
- Trees that have grown around,
- Noisy fresh crowd ... etc.?
We come to the conclusion that this was precisely his main impression of what he experienced, that, despite all the sorrows he experienced, Mtsyri established himself in the conviction that the world is beautiful. The power and grandeur of the Caucasian nature corresponded to the spiritual strength of the hero, his love of freedom and fiery feeling. And the experiences of three-day wanderings seemed to smooth out, faded in the rays of freedom, which Mtsyri felt at least for a short moment.
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Mtsyri at the beginning of his own confession asks the question: “Do you want to know what I saw in freedom?”
From childhood, the child was locked in a monastery. He spent his entire conscious life there, without being able to observe big world, feel real life. However, a moment before the tonsure, the young man decided to run away, thereby discovering a new world for himself.
During those three days, while Mtsyri was at large, he tries to learn Big world, what I missed. He managed to learn many more moments than other people in a lifetime.
Mtsyra's feelings of freedom
What did Mtsyri see when he was free? He admired, rejoiced at the nature around him. For a young woman, she is amazingly beautiful. And indeed, the incredible landscapes of the Caucasus opened before him, and here there are places that you can admire. Mtsyri captures everything that surrounds him - birds-clouds, mountain ranges, crowds of trees, large fields. The heart felt light, memories awakened inside that were absent in the conclusion. The inner gaze of the hero observes acquaintances, close people, a picture of childhood. Mtsyri's nature is felt here, which is very poetic and sensitive. He responds with all sincerity to nature, its call. He is ready to open up to her completely. Mtsyri is a person who prefers communication with nature, and not a society that can spoil any soul.
Unity with nature
(Mtsyri alone with nature)
The young man goes further and observes other pictures. Nature reveals its formidable power - the noise of the stream, which resembles a multitude evil voices, heavy rain, formidable lightning. The fugitive does not feel fear. Such nature is closer to him in spirit. Mtsyri considers himself her brother and is ready to embrace the storm. This is rewarded - the hero begins to understand the voices of all living things around. He communicates with wildlife under a clear sky. The young man is ready to experience these moments again and again. After all, his life is filled with joy.
Mtsyri soon meets his love. This young Georgian woman, whose beauty contains shades of nature: the gold of the day combined with the amazing blackness of the night. Mtsyri, while living inside the monastery, always dreamed of his homeland. Therefore, he does not allow himself to succumb to love. The young man continues to move forward and soon nature shows him its second face.
The second appearance of nature and the battle of Mtsyri
(Battle of Mtsyri with a leopard)
Night has come in the Caucasus, it is cold and impregnable. A feeling of loneliness and hunger comes to Mtsyri. And the forest around is a wall. The young man realizes that he is lost. In the daytime, nature was his friend, but at night it becomes worst enemy who wants to laugh at him. Nature takes on the appearance of a leopard and Mtsyri must fight with the same as himself. If he wins, he can continue on his way. These moments allow the young man to realize what fair competition is, happiness from the victory.
Mtsyri admires nature, but is no longer her child. Nature rejects young man just like sick animals. A snake moves near Mtsyra, which symbolizes death and sin. She looks like a blade. And the young man only watches how she jumps and rushes about ...
Mtsyri was free for a very short time and paid for it own life. But it was worth it. The hero saw how beautiful the world is, he learned the joy of the battle, he felt love. These 3 days were much more valuable to him than his entire existence. He said that in the absence of these blessed days, his life would be sad and gloomy.
What can be done in three days? I always thought it was a very short time. But after reading M. Yu. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri", I changed my mind.
The protagonist escapes from the monastery where he has lived all his life. A new, frightening, but alluring world opens before the young novice. He is amazed by the beauty of the surrounding nature, inspired by it. Mountains, fields, birds soaring in the sky evoke memories of native land, which he left in deep childhood.
The fugitive moves on in search of his homeland. For the first time in his life he comes face to face with a storm. Terrible pictures appear before him, but there is no fear in the heart of the king. On the contrary, he would be glad even to “embrace the storm”, because he feels happy just contemplating.
The Georgian girl, whom the hero meets on his way, delights him with her harmony. Many images arise in the imagination of a young novice when he meets her. He imagines how he would live among people close to him by blood, what benefits he could bring to the village.
However, Mtsyri feels that he has his own path, which he must relentlessly follow. His freedom-loving nature wants to see, to learn as much as possible. Soak up all the life that he missed behind the thick walls of the monastery.
The most dramatic moment in this work is the fight with the leopard. On an impenetrable, cold night, feeling growing hunger and loneliness, the fugitive frantically tries to get through all the thickening trees. Realization comes suddenly - he is lost. No matter how friendly it seems the world, it also has a downside.
Kill or die - these are the laws of the animal world. The hero decides to test his fate and enters into battle with the leopard. A creature that surpassed the novice in strength and life experience was defeated. Although the winner himself was wounded, this fight allowed him to feel the joy of fair competition, the joy of victory.
Not only the wounds inflicted by the leopard caused the death of the novice. Seeing the world around him, feeling it, he could no longer live in the stuffy walls of the monastery.
Even in three days you can do a lot. And for Mtsyri, this short period turned out to be more valuable than the rest of his life. And no matter what, he dies happy.
3 days Mtsyri on the loose
M. Yu. Lermontov gave readers many wonderful works. A worthy place among them is occupied by his poem "Mtsyri".
This is a poetic story about the fate of a young man, after whom Lermontov's creation is named.
Mtsyri is a romantic hero. This is an exceptional person who finds himself in unusual conditions. His fate is very sad. As a child, he ends up in a monastery, where he is destined to spend the rest of his life. Mtsyri cannot come to terms with the lot of a monk. Life in a monastery for a young man is tantamount to death. This place became a real prison for him.
The rebellious spirit pushes the hero to escape. This event was a turning point in the mind of the young man.
Only three days managed to spend the fugitive at large. But these were better days in his life. It is impossible without sympathy to read the lines describing state of mind hero at the moment when he is free. Nature reveals her true beauty and wealth. Everything that Mtsyri sees is perceived by him as something unusual. He admires the fields, the wooded hills, the mountain ranges, the high blue sky in the clouds...
The snowy peak of the Caucasus evokes a special feeling in the young man, awakening in the memory of the hero thoughts about native side. Mtsyri fondly recalls his native gorge, his father, sisters, the nature of his native places.
Three days spent in freedom become for him the personification of life. The first thing that delights the heart of a fugitive is a storm. Frightening everyone with her formidable force, she becomes a messenger of freedom for Mtsyri. Accompanied by her, he runs, inhaling the fresh smell of the forests.
The path of Mtsyri was full of dangers, but this does not frighten him.
The most exciting is the meeting of the hero with a young Georgian woman. She made the young man's heart tremble and experience feelings that he had never known before. With bated breath, the embarrassed young man watches the beautiful mountain woman, who instilled in his soul an ardent feeling of love. The fugitive is even more aware that the monastery is not his destiny.
The culmination of Mtsyri's short-term freedom is his fight with the leopard, which fully showed the desire for freedom and life. If earlier, fenced off from the outside world by the monastery walls, Mtsyri does not value his life, now he is full of desire to live. The hero is ready to fight last breath. The victory over the leopard was not easy. The traces of the beast forever remained in the form of deep scars on the chest of a fearless young man.
However, he can no longer live here. Three days that shocked his imagination turned the mind of the hero upside down. Mtsyri, who has lost hope for freedom, anticipates his death. However, she is not afraid of him. With anguish, he says that his corpse will not be buried in his homeland.
Mtsyri is a symbol of the struggle for the freedom of the human person.
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Lermontov wrote this verse, in which I copy myself. Tsey tvir richly read something, and at the same time s tim - vіn duzhe tsikavyi and privablivy. Lermontov, taking from his life the deeds of the moment, which confirm the deeds of the elements of the novel
