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20.05.14 15:40
Since ancient times, the Japanese have been famous for their needlework techniques, which made it possible to turn almost every product into a work of art. This is origami and art painting on fabric, and ikebana, and embroidery with silk threads, and kanzanshi. IN Lately the list was supplemented by a new type of needlework - kinusaiga. At first glance, the technique resembles patchwork, but in fact everything is much more original.
History of Kinusaig
Traditional Japanese clothes considered a kimono. Since the 19th century, it has become national costume. They sewed it from natural silk, which cost a very long time, so the old kimonos were not thrown away, but tried to be reused, for example, to create other things.
A new needlework technique arose when a Japanese woman, Maeno Takashi, figured out how to use old silk kimonos. It was she who came up with the idea of making panels on a wooden base from pieces of silk. So we bought old kimonos new life, A japanese women, and women all over the world have learned to create beautiful panels and paintings from fabric.
Analogues of this technique existed in the times of Rus', when old things made of fabric were used for patchwork. Often kinusaiga is also called "patchwork without a needle", since the patches do not need to be sewn together.
Technology features
Kinusaiga combines patchwork, woodcarving, batik. Pieces of silk are not sewn together, but fastened with a special method. At first glance, it is very difficult to recognize in what technique the picture was created. From afar, it resembles a painting, but in fact, like a mosaic, it consists of a large number small pieces of silk.
First, a sketch of the future panel / painting is created. Then the drawing is transferred from paper to a wooden board. Next, wood carving is carried out, recesses are made on the plank along the contour of the image (about 2 mm deep). Then the silk blanks are cut into small pieces (at the same time, allowances of 1 mm are left on each side in order to be able to fix the fabric parts in the cut grooves).
Scenes for paintings using the kinusaiga technique can be landscapes, people, flowers. Because the small parts difficult to perform, the images are stylized.
The art of kinusaiga today
Today kinusaiga is popular all over the world. For the manufacture of paintings and panels, not only silk, but also other fabrics are used. And instead of a wooden plank, foam is used, the recesses in which are made with a clerical knife or scalpel. Beginning needlewomen can buy ready-made kits with all the blanks for creating panels and paintings in specialized stores.
The sequence of execution of the picture in the technique of Kinusaiga
The principle of application using the kinusaiga technique is quite simple, just try a few times to get the hang of it.
Necessary materials:
- foam plastic with a thickness of 1 cm;
- fabric patches of suitable colors (the fabric should not be too thin, it should also not stretch, and its edges should not crumble);
- sharp scissors;
- clerical knife (scalpel);
- tool for fixing the fabric in the foam ( wooden stick, nail file with a sharp end);
- drawing sketch;
- carbon paper, pencil.
With the help of carbon paper, the drawing is transferred to the foam. They pass with a knife along the contour of the pattern, making indentations of 2-3 mm.
The fabric is cut into shreds of a suitable size, taking into account allowances.
Fill in the details in order, tucking the edges of the fabric into the slots. The rest of the fabric is cut off. In order for the fabric to be well fixed, the foam base on which the fabric will be applied can first be smeared with glue.
The picture is framed, or a fabric frame is formed, fixing it with buttons.
Using this technique, you can create not only paintings and panels, but also decorate gift boxes, boxes.
The art of kinusaiga is the beauty and color of Japanese subjects, delicate work, an amazing combination of colors, textures and artist's skill.
Municipal budgetary educational institution
"Combat average comprehensive school"
"Box for small things in the technique of" Kinusaiga ""
Completed by: Abdinova Makhabbat
8th grade student
Head: Kryukova Irina Pavlovna
technology teacher
Introduction ................................................ ...................................... 3-4 pages
1. Main part ............................................... ......................... 5-6 pages
2. Practical part............................................................... ................ 7-9 pp.
3. Economic calculation............................................................... .............. 10 pages
4. Environmental assessment ............................................................... ............... 10 pages
5. Conclusion ............................................... ............................... 10 page
Bibliography................................................ ......................... 11 pages
Introduction
Today, there is a surge of various women's needlework all over the world, despite the fact that everything can be bought in a store. I wanted to know: how interested are the decorative and applied arts girls from our school.
After conducting a survey in grades 5-11, we found out that 36% are engaged in needlework. Such as knitting, weaving from rubber bands, kanzashi, quilling. I would like to note that the choice is not so diverse.
From an online source, I learned the most popular types of needlework at the present time.
Sweetdesign- these are the preparation of compositions and bouquets from confectionery, in particular sweets.
Scrapbooking- This is a kind of creativity in the design of photo albums. quilling- the art of paper rolling.
Decoupage- a technique for decorating, decorating, decorating with cut-out paper motifs.
felting wool- this is a rather fashionable technique for creating accessories, clothes, jewelry, toys and other things from wool. decorative items.
soap making- Handmade soap making.
While researching various sites on the Internet, I came across Interesting Facts. Scientists have proven that a woman simply needs manual labor. Press only the buttons on the computer and washing machine- This is not enough. Women, apparently, subconsciously feel that they are very carried away by male activities, business and the development of external space. Activity and business intensify left hemisphere, which is responsible for logic and reason. When doing needlework, it starts to work right hemisphere– non-logical, creative and feminine thinking.
Various activities can change the level of hormones in the blood. For example, during male activities, there is an excessive release of androgens (male sex hormones). Have you noticed if a woman is engaged in heavy physical labor, her figure is changing, becoming rough, heavy? And hands, fingers - you can’t distinguish them from men’s at all. Even when she simply leads, the lightness in the body is lost, the softness in the voice disappears, the movements become fast and sharp.
And when a woman is engaged purely women's affairs- knits, sews, embroiders, then she enters into harmony with her feminine nature, and as a result, the work of the female hormonal system improves.
Any needlework is not only creativity, but also an occupation useful for the female psyche. It is the performance of the same monotonous movements that helps to calm down, relax. Such movements cause changes in the psyche. Changes in heart rate, relieves muscle tension and nervous system. There comes a natural state of meditation, abstraction from problems. Needlework better than anything helps to cope with anxiety and internal tension, and get out of a state of stress.
By doing needlework, you are telling your body that everything is fine and everything is calm. Here we are, here are our hands and they create something beautiful.
While researching information about needlework, I came across unusual technique- kinusaiga. This technique intrigued me. Among the students surveyed this technique unknown.
Kinusaiga or "patchwork without a needle" - special art from Japan, which makes it possible to make simple materials wonderful pictures large and small sizes, charming boxes, postcards, Christmas balls, diary covers. Works in the Kinusaiga technique are expensive, as they are made entirely by hand.
Target: master the basic techniques for performing the Kinusaiga technique and make a product using this technique.
Tasks:
1. To get acquainted with the emergence of the Kinusaiga technique;
2. Master the basic techniques for performing the Kinusaiga technique;
3. Fabricate design work
1.Main part
The history of the Kinusaiga technique.
Kinusaiga - pretty young art, his year of birth is 1987. This technique was invented by the Japanese Maeno Takashi. In ancient times, Japan was poor country, so the hostesses did not throw away the old, worn kimonos. Silk fabric was very expensive, so they tried to use it in the household. Things were altered from large pieces, and small ones went to the manufacture of interior items, in particular paintings, which aroused admiration from everyone who saw them. Then this technique got its name - Kinusaiga. Now as consumable you can take not only pieces of silk fabrics, but also any others that are at hand.
Paintings in the Kinusaiga technique were created for a long time and with difficulty. Traditionally, Kinusaiga was made in the following way. First, the artist made a sketch of the drawing on paper. Then the finished sketch was transferred to a wooden board. Indentations were cut in the plank, about 2 mm deep. The old silk kimono was cut into small pieces (allowances of only 1 mm), which were inserted into the cut grooves.
Scenes for Kinusaiga most often became landscapes. Very rarely people appeared in the picture - the image of faces, even for the masters, was a rather complicated process. In modern art, wooden planks are used extremely rarely. More often, ordinary sheet foam is used in creativity, and not expensive pieces of kimono are already used for manufacturing, but ordinary fabrics.
Preparation for work
To work on the Kinusaiga technique, you need the tools and materials that are at hand.
Materials and tools.
A. scraps of fabric.
b. paper.
V. scissors.
g. pencil.
d. stationery knife.
e. penoplex.
and. nail file or nail file.
h. iron and ironing board.
Safety precautions in the manufacture of products using the Kinusaiga technique:
Sanitary and hygienic requirements:
The room should be kept clean and tidy, regularly do wet cleaning;
The room must be sufficiently lit, have the right number of lighting lamps, light on workplace must fall from the left side;
Clean up the work area after finishing work.
Rules for safe work with scissors.
Before work, check the condition of the tools.
Do not work with loose scissors.
Work with scissors only at your workplace.
Watch the movement of the blades as you work.
Put the scissors with rings towards you.
Give scissors rings forward.
Don't leave scissors open.
Don't play with scissors, don't bring scissors to your face.
Knife safety rules.
Observe safety precautions.
Slowly and carefully carry out operations with a knife, considering the expediency of use if possible.
Use the knife in accordance with its intended use specified by the manufacturer, or dictated by the type of a particular knife.
Carry out operations with a knife in the presence of normal lighting.
Confidently and tightly hold the knife when performing household work.
Upon completion of operations with a knife, it must be put into a sheath, the sheath, with the exception of folding knives, the blade of which fits into the handle, the length of which does not exceed that length.
2.Practical part.
instruction card manufacturing process
| the name of the operation | Images - photo | Materials and tools |
| Print template on printer | ||
| Prepare the base. Cut foam 21.5cm x28cm |
| foam sheet, stationery knife, ruler |
| Pick up scraps of fabric. |
| shreds of fabric |
| Apply an image to the base that divides the product into small sections. Transfer the drawing to penoplex. |
| penoplex, template, pencil |
| With a clerical knife, make cuts along the contours of the picture. |
| stationery knife |
| Put the patches of fabric on the selected place, tuck the edges into the cut out contour. |
| scraps of fabric, nail file |
| Make background |
| Scraps of fabric |
| Decorate the picture with threads, ribbon. |
| Threads, ribbon. |
If there are all necessary materials and tools, then you can begin to manufacture it. For this technique, it doesn’t matter which product you choose, the actions will always be the same. So, having decided on the product, you should draw a sketch.
IN draft version you can indicate the colors and decorations used.
Start work from the basics. An image is applied to the base, dividing the product into small sections. Next, slits are made with a clerical knife.
The next step is the preparation of tissue patches. I would like to note that if in some patchwork techniques it is recommended to choose fabrics of the same density, then here you can connect absolutely any fabric from silk to wool, the main thing is that it looks appropriate. The flaps should be slightly larger than the pieces on the base, as the edges will be tucked into the slots.
When all the elements are prepared, the first flap is taken, superimposed in its place, and its edges are tucked into the cut out contour. The same is done with the rest of the parts until the base is completely painted with patches.
Then the product is decorated. Usually the product is decorated along the same contours with various ribbons, beads, rhinestones.
The picture is framed, or a fabric frame is formed, fixing it with buttons. For the durability of products, fabric flaps or only slots are smeared with glue. To create a relief for the product, you can slip a synthetic winterizer or unnecessary shreds under some flaps.
3.Economic calculation
| Material name | |||
| Used pieces of fabric | |||
| Foam tiles 30cm x 55cm. | |||
| Glue stick | |||
| Stationery knife | |||
Conclusion: The cost of the product is 108 rubles. The product turned out to be economical and brought me a lot of pleasure.
4.Environmental assessment
In the manufacture of this project were used waste textiles and building material that were not thrown into the trash or burned. Thus, they did not pollute the air. Some fabrics are made of environmentally friendly material - cotton, then during the manufacture and further operation I will not harm myself or others. Penoplex may be an exception, but there is so little of it that I think it will not do harm. environment.
5.Conclusion
Working on the project helped me to get acquainted with the amazing Japanese technology Kinusaiga. I learned a lot of new and interesting things about this technique and created my own product. Now it's a box for little things to come in handy in the technology room.
I believe that the goal has been achieved.
I liked working in this technique. I will continue to create products using the Kinusaiga technique, as this activity calms and allows you to decorate the interior of the house. Here is such an interesting alternative for needlewomen without the use of threads and needles. Arm yourself with everything you need and start creating! After all, handmade things will never lose their popularity and will always be present in our lives.
Bibliography:
Zaitseva A.A. Patchwork without thread and needle / Anna Zaitseva. – M.: Eksmo, 2010. – 64 p. : ill. - (ABC of needlework)
E. Burlaka: Patchwork without a needle. Editor: Martynova Yu. Publisher: AST-Press, 2016 Series: Silver Hobbies Library
elena kochemaeva
I really like technology « kinusaiga» or « patchwork without a needle» . Having at hand pieces of fabric, foam and cardboard, you can truly create masterpieces. A country rising sun– Japan has given the whole world famous wonders like origami, temari, ikebana, bonsai, anime, aikido and much more. The inhabitants of the Land of the Rising Sun are subtle connoisseurs of beauty in all directions. They are also known for their careful attitude to everything that surrounds them. Including often and skillfully remake old things into new ones. They do not throw away pieces of kimono, but turn them into amazing pictures. So in 1987 the technique was born « kinusaiga» - This is a special patchwork application from old kimonos. The Japanese are remodeling so masterfully that the work does not look like a combination of dissimilar patches, but as completely realistic picture or even a photo! Most often, landscapes, parts of houses and flowers are depicted.
« Kinusaiga» reminiscent of many handicrafts at the same time technician: patchwork, batik, painting, mosaic, appliqué.
In the European version, art « kinusaiga» is more practical. We call him « patchwork without a needle» because they are used not only for "scenic" paintings and colorful panels, but also for decorating various household items.
What is used for « patchwork without a needle» ? First of all, these are all kinds of panels and paintings that serve as interior decoration. Caskets, boxes, covers of albums, notebooks and books are decorated with such an application. This technique has become very widespread in the field of making souvenirs. Easter eggs, Christmas decorations. And also « patchwork without a needle» used to decorate lampshades and even furniture. « Kinusaiga» interesting not only for adults, but also for children. The use of this technique contributes to the development of interest in this type of activity and has a great educational and developmental effect on the development of children. Bright handmade works will become loved and expensive. During work, fingers develop and strengthen, sensory impressions, figurative and spatial thinking, visual-motor coordination, imagination are enriched, Creative skills.
I want to present you my paintings made in this technique.
Kinusaiga is the art of creating paintings from small scraps of fabric. Given the frugality of the Japanese, in ancient times, housewives did not even allow the thought of throwing away old kimonos.
Often, a worn item was altered into a haori (a cape over a kimono) or into a smaller kimono for a child. The remaining flaps were used for sewing dolls, amulets, pillows. But even trimmings, the smallest pieces of old kimonos, were not thrown away, but collected to create small paintings.
Technique kinusaigi very ancient, in Japan they still adhere to the old principles of work. A wooden board is always taken as the basis for a picture; it is already in Europe that a foam board has been used.
A new keen interest in traditional Japanese look needlework aroused Maeno Takashi, professor at Nagoya University. She is credited with the role of progenitor contemporary art kinusaigi. Maeno introduced the whole world to three-dimensional paintings, the mere sight of which does not even allow one to think that they are made from unnecessary pieces of rags.
The kinusaigi technique is simple and difficult at the same time. First, a sketch is drawn on paper. future picture, which you want to transfer to a wooden board. After that, thin grooves are cut along the contours of the image with special cutters.
Now it's the turn of the imagination: the selection of fabric by color and texture, its location in the picture. The fabric is cut into pieces of the desired size and tucked into pre-laid grooves. The character and amazing volume of the picture is given by the use of various techniques: tying knots, tension, gathering, etc.
Previously, Japanese housewives created their paintings only from silk, today a variety of fabrics are used. Even light tinting with paints is allowed, but still real kinusaiga fans prefer natural colors fabrics.
The kinusaigi technique, masterfully performed, can deceive the eyesight and it seems that we have photographs in front of us. The plots, as a rule, are selected streets, bridges, nature, flowers - everything that deeply excites the souls of the audience, helps to get acquainted with the traditions and way of life of the Japanese people.
valentine
2. Materials and tools
It took to work:
Album sheet. Simple pencil. Polystyrene - 20*30*3 cm. Stack. Stationery knife. Copy paper. The fabric is blue 30 * 40 cm. Colored shreds of fabric. Scissors. Fasteners from the frame. Ruler. Hot glue gun.
3. Safety rules when working with scissors
- Do not hold scissors with the blade up.
- Do not leave scissors with open blades.
- Pass the closed scissors rings forward.
- Do not play with scissors, do not bring scissors to your face.
- Store scissors in the sheath with the blade down.
