Everything in our life sooner or later acquires its meaning and name. Here is such a phenomenon as gratuitous aid, patronage and development assistance, which modern man calls patronage, charity or sponsorship.

All these concepts are united by a single meaning, but still there are features that distinguish them. Each of these areas has been present in Russia since ancient times and to this day. Sponsor, philanthropist, philanthropist - these are people who provide assistance, but can it be called absolutely gratuitous? Let's figure it out together...

Terminology - a ray of light in the wilds of concepts

So, there are people who are ready to give their "hard money" to support and promote the development of literature, music, other arts and just people who need help. Why not unite the heroes under one name? What are the nuances here?

A philanthropist is a person who provides disinterested and gratuitous assistance to those in need. The person himself decides where, how, to whom and with what he can help. Benefactors do not ask for anything in return and often provide assistance anonymously. Entire charitable foundations are being created where caring people can contribute to trouble (or development) strangers: children, refugees, the sick, etc. Often, charitable donations go to support nature or animals. By the way, not only money refers to charitable assistance.

A philanthropist is a person who voluntarily and free of charge assists the development of science and culture. He attracts his personal financial resources for this noble cause.

Sponsor - investing money in the development and prosperity of someone or something. A sponsor can be either a person or an entire organization. Sponsorship is also available specific person, company, direction, idea or any other activity. The concept of “investor” is similar in meaning, but the sponsor, unlike the investor, does not receive material benefits from the invested funds. Although he has his own interest. Most often, sponsors provide funding to "light up" in the media.

One way or another, by providing gratuitous assistance, each person expects to receive something in return: gratitude, attention, own peace of mind or the reverent joy of doing a good deed.

History of patronage in Russia

In Rome, during the reign of Octavian Augustus, Gaius Maecenas was an assistant and confidant of the emperor. He was allowed a lot, August listened to his opinion. Guy was very helpful creative people who fell out of favor with political power. The name of the Maecenas went down in history as a household name, denoting help, patronage, financial support of scientists and artists.

Patronage in Russia originated in the XIII century as a direction of charity. Patrons of Russia are rich people who have achieved success in various fields. But they gained fame mainly due to philanthropy.

MAECENAS

MAECENAS

disinterested patron, contributing to the development of science and art, allocating for this financial assistance from personal funds.

Raizberg B.A., Lozovsky L.Sh., Starodubtseva E.B.. Modern economic dictionary. - 2nd ed., corrected. Moscow: INFRA-M. 479 p.. 1999 .

Economic dictionary. 2000 .

See what "PATRONS" is in other dictionaries:

PATRONS, GAI ZILNIUS (Gaius Cilnius Maecenas) (c. 70 8 BC), an outstanding Roman statesman, patron of the arts. The patron came from rich family and was proud of his Etruscan origin (Cilnius is his maternal name, ... ... Collier Encyclopedia

- [lat., proper name. Maecenas (Maecenatis)] rich patron of sciences or arts. Wed SPONSOR. Dictionary foreign words. Komlev N.G., 2006. PATRONS Roman nobleman, patron learned poets. Now, in general, a nobleman, the patron of education. ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

See patron... Dictionary of Russian synonyms and expressions similar in meaning. under. ed. N. Abramova, M .: Russian dictionaries, 1999. philanthropist, benefactor, patron; sponsor Dictionary of Russian synonyms ... Synonym dictionary

Named after the wealthy Roman patrician Gaius Cilnius Maecenas (between 74 and 64 8 BC), who patronized artists and poets. His attention and generosity to people of art were praised in their poems by the Roman poets Horace, Virgil, Propertius and others ... Dictionary winged words and expressions

Maecenas, Gaius Zilny; Maecenas, Gaius Cilnius, 70 8 BC BC e., Roman statesman and writer. He came from an aristocratic Etruscan family from Arretia (modern Arezzo), although his father's family had lived in Rome for several generations in a row and ... Ancient writers

A person who contributes to the development of science and art on a gratuitous basis, providing them with material assistance from personal funds. Dictionary of business terms. Akademik.ru. 2001 ... Glossary of business terms

- (Maecenas) (between 74 and 64 8 BC), close to the Roman emperor Augustus, who carried out his diplomatic, political, and private assignments. His patronage of poets made the name of Maecenas a household name ... Modern Encyclopedia

PATRONS, philanthropist, husband. (bookish and ironic). Wealthy patron of sciences and arts. (After the name of a wealthy Roman patrician of the Augustan era). Dictionary Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

PATRONS, a, husband. Wealthy patron of sciences and arts; in general, one who patronizes some n. business, undertaking. Sports patrons. | female philanthropist, and | adj. philanthropist, oh, oh. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949… … Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

- (Maecenas). Roman horseman, friend and advisor to Emperor Augustus, patron of Horace and Virgil. Died 8 B.C. (Source: " Concise Dictionary mythology and antiquities. M. Korsh. Saint Petersburg, edition of A. S. Suvorin, 1894.) ... Encyclopedia of mythology

A philanthropist is a person who contributes to the development of science and art on a gratuitous basis, providing them with material assistance from personal funds. In a common sense, a patron is a person who financially helps art and science. Name ... ... Wikipedia

Books

• Patron, Mikhail Bondarenko. The name of this man has long become a household name. For the past two millennia, patrons have been called those people who selflessly and generously help talented poets, writers, ...

MAECENAS
PATRONS, GAI ZILNIUS
(Gaius Cilnius Maecenas)
(c. 70-8 BC), an outstanding Roman statesman, patron of the arts. The philanthropist came from a wealthy family and was proud of his Etruscan origin (Cilnius is his mother's name, since it was customary to be called that among the Etruscans). Nothing is known about the Maecenas's youth, but since the battle of Philippi, he has always been under Octavian, the future emperor Augustus, true friend and whose advisor he remained until the end of his life. In 40 and 38 BC Octavian sent him on important assignments to Antony, Maecenas contributed to the conclusion of the Tarentum agreement between them in 37 BC. During his absence from Rome (in 36-33 and 31-29 BC) Octavian left the Maecenas behind him (in the second case, together with Mark Vipsanius Agrippa). In 23 BC The philanthropist, wanting to save his brother-in-law Aulus Terrentius Varro Murena, made it clear to him that the conspiracy against Augustus, in which he took part, was revealed. Perhaps for this disloyalty, he was removed from the position of the second person in the state (Agrippa became him, in whom Augustus saw his successor), but he did not lose Augustus' friendship. Last years The Maecenas spent his life in the luxury and splendor of his palace on the Esquiline Hill, in the middle of the vast gardens he had laid out. Many works of art were found on this site, and the so-called. the "Hall of the Maecenas" still stands on Merulan Street. It is assumed that this building served as a greenhouse or (more likely) a banquet hall. Dying, Maecenas bequeathed all his property to Augustus, and also entrusted it to the care of Horace, who, however, outlived his benefactor by only two months. The philanthropist also became famous as a patron of writers and an insightful critic, and it was in this capacity that his name became a household name. Virgil, one of the first who entered the circle of Maecenas, attracted here in 38 BC. Horace (in 33 BC, the Maecenas granted Horace an estate in the Sabine Mountains). It was Maecenas who persuaded the poets to support Octavian and the new state structure. The Epodes, Satires, Odes and Epistles of Horace are dedicated to the Maecenas, as are the Georgics of Virgil, written by his direct order. Later, Propertius, the author of elegies, also entered this circle. Horace speaks of Maecenas as a simple and sincere person. The patron himself wrote both prose (criticized by later Roman authors) and poetry, but only fragments of his writings have survived.
LITERATURE
Polonskaya K.P. Roman Poets of the Augustan Principate. M., 1963

Collier Encyclopedia. - Open society. 2000 .

See what "PATRONS" is in other dictionaries:

- [lat., proper name. Maecenas (Maecenatis)] rich patron of sciences or arts. Wed SPONSOR. Dictionary of foreign words. Komlev NG, 2006. PATRONS Roman nobleman, patron of learned poets. Now, in general, a nobleman, the patron of education. ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

See patron... Dictionary of Russian synonyms and expressions similar in meaning. under. ed. N. Abramova, M .: Russian dictionaries, 1999. philanthropist, benefactor, patron; sponsor Dictionary of Russian synonyms ... Synonym dictionary

Named after the wealthy Roman patrician Gaius Cilnius Maecenas (between 74 and 64 8 BC), who patronized artists and poets. His attention and generosity to people of art were praised in their poems by the Roman poets Horace, Virgil, Propertius and others ... Dictionary of winged words and expressions

Maecenas, Gaius Zilny; Maecenas, Gaius Cilnius, 70 8 BC BC e., Roman statesman and writer. He came from an aristocratic Etruscan family from Arretia (modern Arezzo), although his father's family had lived in Rome for several generations in a row and ... Ancient writers

A person who contributes to the development of science and art on a gratuitous basis, providing them with material assistance from personal funds. Dictionary of business terms. Akademik.ru. 2001 ... Glossary of business terms

- (Maecenas) (between 74 and 64 8 BC), close to the Roman emperor Augustus, who carried out his diplomatic, political, and private assignments. His patronage of poets made the name of Maecenas a household name ... Modern Encyclopedia

PATRONS, philanthropist, husband. (bookish and ironic). Wealthy patron of sciences and arts. (After the name of a wealthy Roman patrician of the Augustan era). Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

PATRONS, a, husband. Wealthy patron of sciences and arts; in general, one who patronizes some n. business, undertaking. Sports patrons. | female philanthropist, and | adj. philanthropist, oh, oh. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949… … Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

- (Maecenas). Roman horseman, friend and advisor to Emperor Augustus, patron of Horace and Virgil. Died 8 B.C. (

The section is very easy to use. In the proposed field, just enter the desired word, and we will give you a list of its meanings. I would like to note that our site provides data from various sources - encyclopedic, explanatory, word-building dictionaries. Here you can also get acquainted with examples of the use of the word you entered.

The meaning of the word philanthropist

philanthropist in the crossword dictionary

Economic glossary of terms

Maecenas

a disinterested patron who promotes the development of science and art, allocating material assistance for him from personal funds.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. D.N. Ushakov

Maecenas

patron, m. (book and iron.). Wealthy patron of sciences and arts. (After the name of a wealthy Roman patrician of the Augustan era).

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova.

Maecenas

A, m. Rich patron of sciences and arts; in general, one who patronizes some n. business, undertaking. Sports patrons.

and. philanthropist,

adj. philanthropist, th, th.

New explanatory and derivational dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.

Maecenas

m. Rich patron of sciences and arts.

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

Maecenas

PATRONS (Maecenas) (between 74 and 64-8 BC) in Dr. Rome close associate of Emperor Augustus, who carried out his diplomatic, political, and private assignments. His patronage of poets made the name of Maecenas a household name.

Maecenas

Maecenas- a person who contributes to the development of science and art on a voluntary and gratuitous basis, providing them with material assistance from personal funds.
patronage- patronage of the development of science and art.

The name comes from the name of the Egyptian Gaius Cylnius Maecenas, who was the patron of the arts under Emperor Augustus. Being a confidant of the emperor Octavian Augustus, he conducted state affairs, without occupying any official position, but being, together with Agrippa, the most influential assistant of Augustus and taking the most active part in all the actions of the emperor to build the state and strengthen power. In his relations with Augustus, he was free from servility and fawning and expressed his views with complete freedom, often completely opposite to the plans of the emperor.

His name became a household name for a reason - for the first time in history, the most powerful public policy, the conductor of which was the Maecenas. With the support of the emperor, Patron sent a significant share of the funds accumulated by the Roman Empire to encourage and support the creative industry. Thus, a system of state financial support for culture or the world of arts was created. With the help of investments in art, the political tasks of great Rome were solved, the position and power of the Roman Empire and its power were strengthened. Therefore, it cannot be considered that a philanthropist is an unmercenary who does good to people for free. A philanthropist is one who, by supporting art, develops the spirituality of society as necessary condition implementation of the tasks ahead.

Over time, patrons began to be called wealthy patrons of culture, art and science. Many of them entered the history of culture along with outstanding artists, writers, actors, because they contributed to the development of their creativity, the flourishing of art, and the introduction of the broad masses to the best cultural achievements. As shining example Patronage can be cited by the Medici family, whose representatives from the 13th to the 18th century repeatedly became the rulers of Florence. Most famous they acquired as sponsors the most outstanding geniuses of the Renaissance.

Another example is the dynasty of bankers and public figures Rothschilds, who during the 20th century had the greatest fortune in modern world history. They began their ascent to upper strata societies in late XVIII century and eventually entangled with their financial network almost all European yards. Story financial success began with the antique shop of the founder of the Rothschild dynasty - Mayer Amschel. Having saved up money, Meyer opened the first Rothschild bank, where one could change the money of one German principality for another, exchange and sell coins and medals, antiques. Over time, this trend has only strengthened. mid-nineteenth century Rothschilds invested half of their assets in works of art. On the one hand, these investments provided a good fund for the family in case of a shock, and on the other hand, they characterized the Rothschilds not only as accumulators of wealth, but also as people capable of appreciating the beautiful.

The development of patronage in Russia began in the 18th century, and in the second half of the 19th century it flourished. In the suburban noble estates, wonderful collections of monuments of Russian and Western European art, extensive libraries gathered in city palaces. Among the famous Russian patrons are Mamontov, Morozov, Ryabushinsky, Bakhrushin and the Tretyakovs.

Examples of the use of the word patron in the literature.

An art circle in Abramtsevo, whose soul was a Russian businessman and Maecenas WITH.

Enter Caesar and his council of war: Agrippa, Dolabella, Maecenas, Gallus, Proculeus and others.

From among the then aristocracy, a young man soon drew attention to himself best surname, who distinguished himself already at a young age in the state field, an ardent admirer of everything true, sublime, a zealot of everything that gave rise to art and the mind of a person who prophesied in himself philanthropist.

In subsequent years, all the beneficiaries, following my example, went on a visit to Meyerhold, and he never refused, took a box, paid big money and became patron of the arts.

A miraculous deliverance, making its way into the space world higher spheres, shrinking and steadily expanding to the rhythm of the rhythmic essence of that difficult, but mysterious space in the gaps of the caves of which, curtaining themselves with stalactites and stalagmites, resting, ever-existing, self-centered, the foundations of music itself, the deployment of which forms the lungs of everyone easy breathing, pierced only by the pecked ribs of the musical foundations of the composer's skeleton, renewed by chalk lime, the waters of the pool, which have not been exhausted to the musical foundations, appearing in imitation of the sacred loneliness of the thought of a ghost tasting the bitter tincture of conscience for the purpose of rhetorical coughing with a taste of time and rowan berries, which are absorbed in clusters in that frantic unbearable stubbornness, rushing away from itself, letting itself through the singing slit of consciousness, stubbornness of thinking, wishing to arouse taste in things that have fallen away from being as such their internal with

But we wanted patrons to take Vylka to Moscow, to show how a miracle.

A week later Dalmatov released an announcement about my benefit performance, presented me with a pack of luxuriously printed small programs, which was rare then, and suggested, according to local custom, to go around patrons and invite everyone, starting with the governor, for whom, on behalf of Dalmatov, I have already directed a home performance.

If this is the case, then in the next turn of history, when decadence is over, planets are colonized and peace reigns on earth, the dental historian will mention Eigenvalley in the footnotes as philanthropist, a judicious physician of the neo-Jacobin school.

Arapov did not hide from Langovoy that one Maecenas, a Mr. Spaulding, subsidizes Eurasians in England.

Maecenas Ilyenkov and Mendeleev, who had not paid off his debts, drove off to the village.

The next day we were visited by a famous Maecenas and manufactory adviser Kubyshkin and made us the most flattering offers.

A tax-farmer passed before my eyes, a provincial tavern Maecenas, a financial friend of the fatherland, an unpunished falsifier of folk poison and a legalized rapist in the name of his rights to it, passed a correct and impeccable official of the excise department.

Maecenas looked indifferently at such a barbarous treatment of his library, while Novakovich and Moth chuckled softly, squirming their bellies on the carpet.

Maecenas, after hearing this story, laughed, and Moth exclaimed indignantly: - Bodyguard!

patronage as a quality of a person - the ability on a voluntary, disinterested basis to give material assistance from personal funds for purposes development of science and art.

One rich philanthropist invited to his castle famous composers. The guests gathered at the table. Music sounds. - Lord! said the philanthropist. - Now you will be served the best wine, the best among wines. It's like Beethoven in music! When the guests had drunk, the philanthropist turned again: “Gentlemen! Well, how do you like Beethoven? “Not bad,” said one of the composers, “but aren't there also Mozart and Bach in your cellars?”

The word “philanthropist” owes its origin to the real historical figure- the wealthy Roman patrician Gaius Cilnius Maecenas (between 74 and 64 - 8 BC), who patronized artists and poets. His attention and generosity to people of art were praised in their poems by the Roman poets Horace, Virgil, Propertius and others. For example, Martial (40-102 BC), in one of his epigrams addressed to Flaccus, wrote: , Patrons, there will be no shortage of Maroons", that is, poets ( full name Virgil - Virgil Maron). Allegorically: the patron of people of art, science.

Patronage at the essential level speaks of non-attachment to property, property, money. A true philanthropist understands with his soul and realizes with his mind that nothing material world doesn't really belong. God gave him money and wealth to operational management. Therefore, he seeks to give to God what is divine, and not to sit like mean knight on chests of gold.

A true philanthropist learned the following truths for himself: — you can't take anything with you to the next world; - your piety largely depends on how wisely you used the benefits entrusted to you; — the energy of prosperity can be caught only when you serve people, when you become a patron of the arts and a benefactor.

Patronage in goodness is carried out from pure heart, from the generosity of the soul. Patronage in goodness is the ability to give selflessly, without the desire for fame. In a word, philanthropy in goodness comes from high morality and purity of consciousness.

Patronage in passion is subordinated to pride and vanity. This is an example of false spirituality. The desire to be called a benefactor.

The first philanthropist in the history of Russia, - writes Natalia Semyonova, - was Count Alexander Sergeevich Stroganov. One of the largest landowners in the country, the count is best known as a generous philanthropist and collector. Traveling a lot, Stroganov became interested in compiling a collection of paintings, stones and coins. The count devoted a lot of time, money and effort to the development of culture and art, provided assistance and support to such famous poets as Gavriil Derzhavin and Ivan Krylov.

Until the end of his life, Count Stroganov was the permanent president Imperial Academy arts. At the same time he oversaw the Imperial public library and was its director. It was on his initiative that the construction of the Kazan Cathedral began with the involvement of not foreign, but Russian architects. People like Stroganov paved the way for subsequent patrons who unselfishly and sincerely help the development of culture and art in Russia.

The famous Demidov dynasty, the founders of the metallurgical industry in Russia, is known not only for its huge contribution to the development of the country's industry, but also for its charity. Representatives of the dynasty patronized Moscow University and founded a scholarship for students from low-income families. They opened the first commercial school for merchant children. The Demidovs constantly helped the Orphanage. At the same time they were engaged in the collection of art collections. It has become the largest private collection in the world.

Another famous patron and philanthropist of the 18th century is Count Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetev. He was a real connoisseur of art, especially theatrical. At one time he was infamous for marrying his own serf actress home theater Praskovya Zhemchugova. She died early and bequeathed to her husband not to give up the cause of charity. Count Sheremetev complied with her request. He spent part of the capital to help artisans and dowry brides. On his initiative, construction began Hospice at home in Moscow. He also invested in the construction of theaters and temples.

The Tretyakov merchants did not possess significant wealth. But this did not stop them from carefully collecting pictures. famous masters spending a lot of money on them. Sergei Mikhailovich was more interested Western European painting. After his death, the collection bequeathed to his brother was included in the collection of paintings by Pavel Mikhailovich. Introduced in 1893 art Gallery bore the name of both remarkable Russian patrons. If we talk only about the collection of paintings by Pavel Mikhailovich, then in his entire life the philanthropist Tretyakov spent about a million rubles on it. An incredible sum for the time. Tretyakov began to collect his collection of Russian paintings in his youth. Even then, he had a well-defined goal - to open a national public gallery so that anyone could visit it for free and join the masterpieces of the Russian visual arts. We owe the Tretyakov brothers a magnificent monument to Russian patronage - the Tretyakov Gallery.

Petr Kovalev