The play "At the Bottom" is a deep, ambiguous work in which the author has set complex philosophical and moral issues. Among them are the problem of truth and lies, true and false compassion, the problem of personality degradation, the problem of human relationships. revealing last problem, the author cannot but turn to the theme of love, which, even in such inhuman conditions as life in a rooming house, still exists and makes the characters do crazy things to prove their feelings.
Life in a rooming house, the inhabitants of which are trying to somehow exist, seems unreal and fantastic, because people are initially placed in such conditions when nothing normal can be. “A basement that looks like a cave. The ceiling is heavy stone arches, sooty, with crumbling plaster. Light - from the viewer and, from top to bottom - from a square window with right side. The right corner is occupied by Pepel's room, fenced off with thin bulkheads, near the door to this room - Bubnov's bunk. In the left corner is a large Russian oven; in the left stone wall there is a door to the kitchen where Kvashnya, Baron, Nastya live” – this is how the author describes the place of the events. Dirt, overcrowding, crowding, dampness, squalor, men in the same room with women - this is the interior against which the love of the characters unfolds. The hostess' wife, Vasilisa, runs to meet the thief Pepel, which causes constant jealousy of her hypocritical and greedy husband, Pepel loves her sister Natasha, and Nastya, who earns her daily bread by the most humiliating craft in the world, dreams of a clean, selfless love. Human feelings did not die even in such terrible conditions: and here there is a place for compassion, sympathy, hopes and love.
Probably the most significant for the development of the plot of the play are the relationship between Ash and Natasha. Ashes, a thief, the son of a thief, sees in the modest and kind Natasha, who is constantly mocked by her sister, a symbol of something beautiful, bright, for which it is not a pity to give life: “Even now I will accept death! Take a knife, strike against the heart ... I will die - I will not gasp! Even - with joy, because - from a clean hand ... ”At the same time, Pepel does not understand that Vasilisa, a domineering and spiteful woman, will not give up hers so easily. The first act of the play ends with Vasilisa beating Natasha. Vasilisa tries to persuade Pepel to kill her husband, to free her from him, and for this she promises to give him Natasha as his wife. But Natasha Pepla herself does not like it, she also lives in dreams: “Well, I think tomorrow ... someone ... someone ... special will arrive ... Or - something will happen ... also - unprecedented ... I wait a long time ... always - I wait ... And so … in fact – what can we expect?”
Elder Luke persuades Pepel to take Natasha from the rooming house and go with her to Siberia, which he presents to Pepel as an earthly paradise. Ashes, trusting Luka, believes that life can be changed, he is ready for anything for the sake of his love: “I said - I will give up theft! By God - I'll quit! When I say - I'll do it! I am literate… I will work… Do you think that my life does not disgust me? But - I feel one thing: we must live ... differently! It is better to live! You have to live like this ... so that I can respect myself ... ”Natasha is also not averse to leaving with Ash, realizing that she has no other choice. But the heroes do not have time: the third act ends with Vasilisa tipping a boiling samovar onto her sister, and Pepel, in this turmoil, kills Kostylev with one blow. At the end of the play, we learn that Natasha has disappeared from the hospital, and Ash is in jail. What is further fate these heroes is unknown, but they are unlikely to find their happiness in a world of violence and oppression.
But the fate of another heroine of the play, Nastya, unfortunately, is quite certain. Nastya earns her bread on the street, all the hostels laugh at her, everyone despises her. Nastya goes into dreams, fantasies about great love which she never had and never will. She is the only one of the rooming-houses who reads books, however, these are boulevard novels, from which she draws the plots of her fantasies: “Honestly… it was! Everything was! He was a student... he was a Frenchman... they called him Gastoshee... with a black beard... he walked in patent leather boots... thunder on me at this place! And he loved me so… so loved!” Only Luka sympathizes with Nastya, saying: “If you believe, you had real love… that means she was!” In that scary world Nastya can only dream, forgetting about the humiliation and insults that fall to her lot in the real world.
In his play, Gorky shows how tragic the fate of people who, by their nature, cannot be predators. In the world of profit, they get the role of the victim, and all of them human feelings, including love, shatter against the terrible reality. But people remain people because they cannot help but suffer, sympathize with each other and love.
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There are people, but there are other people 8230 based on Gorky's play At the Bottom In Gorky's play, written in 1902, the audience saw for the first time the unfamiliar world of outcasts. Such a harsh, merciless truth about the life of the social lower classes, about their hopeless fate world dramaturgy didn't know yet. Of course, the theme of the humiliated and offended is not new in Russian literature.
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"Without a name, there is no person." (According to the play by M. Gorky "At the bottom".) dramatic play"At the bottom" was written in 1902. In his work, the author depicts the social lower classes, humiliated and insulted, people without a name, who ended up at the bottom. So fate decreed that the inhabitants of the rooming house became superfluous people who did not have the right to bear their own name with honor.
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Gorky himself noted that the play was the result of his almost 20 years of observation of the world of "former people."
Gorky for a long time could not pick up exact name to the play. Initially, it was called Nochlezhka, then Without Sun, and finally, At the Bottom. The name itself has a lot of meaning.
Multifaceted talent M. Gorky clearly manifested itself in dramaturgy. In the play "At the Bottom" Alexei Maksimovich revealed to readers and viewers a hitherto unknown layer of Russian life: aspirations, suffering, joys and hopes " former people", the inhabitants of the rooming house.
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A little about Gorky's play "At the bottom" Author: Gorky M. Drama at the bottom. World of Perception of Heroes in Gorky's Drama. From 1901-1906 Gorky wrote a number of plays. In the theater, Gorky sees a close connection with the masses, where he can touch on the topical issues of life.
In M. Gorky's play "At the bottom" all the vices are revealed modern society. The author describes the life of people who fell to the bottom of society. These people once stumbled in life or went bankrupt and ended up in a rooming house where everyone is equal, and there is no hope of getting out.
Introduction 1 Biography 2 Roles in Yaroslavl chamber theater 3 Filmography References Introduction Vladimir Evgenievich Gusev (b. July 9, 1958) - Russian actor theater and cinema, Honored Artist of Russia (2010).
- Gorky's play - the truth about the "lower classes".
- The importance of conflict.
- love line Is love possible under such conditions?
- love conflict- part of the general social.
Gorky's play "At the Bottom" was written in 1902. Gorky for a long time could not find the exact title of his work. Initially, it was called Nochlezhka, then Without the Sun, and finally, At the Bottom.
In Gorky's play, the audience saw for the first time the unfamiliar world of outcasts. Such a harsh, merciless truth about the life of the social lower classes, about their hopeless fate, the world dramaturgy has not yet known. In the rooming house were the people of the different nature and social position.
A special load in the drama falls on the conflict, the sharp clashes of the characters on significant occasions for them. At the same time, the drama cannot be extra people- all heroes must be involved in the conflict. The presence of social tension is already indicated in the title of the play. But we cannot say that social conflict organizes drama. This tension is devoid of dynamics, all attempts of the characters to leave the "bottom" are in vain. Perhaps the drama is organized by a love conflict, traditional for many plays. It would seem strange the appearance of such a pure feeling in such an atmosphere of dirt and poverty. But the heroes of Gorky do not pay attention to the dirt and stench, they are used to such a life, to each other and almost do not notice those around them. Each character exists as if by itself, lives its own life. Therefore, at the beginning of the play, all those present speak at once, without waiting for an answer, weakly reacting to the comments of others. Kvashnya is proud that she is a free woman, unmarried, and this angers Klesch. He has a dying wife in his arms, Nastya, a fallen woman, reading the novel " fatal love”, which causes the Baron to ironically laugh. Prostitute Nastya dreams of a bright and pure love, but this only causes laughter of others. Girl trying to get out vicious circle, leave the rooming house and start new life but that's just her dream.
But there is indeed a love line in the play. It is created by the relationship of Vasilisa, Vaska Pepel, Kostylev's wife, the owner himself and Natasha.
The plot of a love story begins when Kostya Lev appears in the rooming house. From a conversation with the inhabitants, it is clear that he is looking for his wife Vasilisa there, who is cheating on him with Vaska Pepel. With the advent of Natasha love story starts to develop. For her sake, Vaska Pepel leaves Vasilisa. In the course of the development of this conflict, it becomes clear to us that his relationship with Natasha enriches Vaska, revives him to a new life. Vaska Pepel never had a profession. For him, there are no ideals, he does not strive to work, as he lives by theft. However, kindness and naivete have been preserved in this person, he is drawn to purity and goodness. But Vaska Pepel falls into slavery " the mighty of the world this." The owner of the rooming house, Kostylev, turns out to be an even lower person: he does not give Vasily the money for the stolen watch, believing that Pepel owes him so much. His wife Vasilisa is also in bondage to her husband, who is twice her age. She is also unhappy, and her love for Vaska Pepl is a challenge to family despotism. For the sake of Vasilisa, the thief is ready to commit a crime - to kill Kostylev. Vasilisa flared up with terrible hatred for her sister Natalya when she found out about her lover's betrayal. She is ready to kill her, if only to save Vasily for herself. The culmination, the highest point in the development of the conflict, is fundamentally taken out of the scene by the author. We do not see Vasilisa scalding Natasha with boiling water. We learn about this from the noise and screams behind the scenes and from the conversations of the roommates.
The love conflict in the play, of course, is one of the facets of the social conflict. The love line shows that the anti-human conditions of the “bottom” cripple a person, and the most exalted feelings in such conditions lead not to the enrichment of the personality, but to death or hard labor.
Having unleashed a love conflict in such a terrible way, Vasilisa achieves all her goals at once. Revenge former lover Vaska Peplu and her rival Natasha get rid of her unloved husband and become the sole owner of the rooming house. There is nothing human left in Vasilisa, and this shows us the enormity social conditions in which the inhabitants of the rooming house are forced to live.
But a love conflict cannot become the basis dramatic conflict plays, because, unfolding before the eyes of the overnight stays, it does not affect them themselves. They do not participate in them, remaining only third-party viewers.
The play "At the Bottom" is a deep, ambiguous work in which the author posed complex philosophical and moral problems. Among them are the problem of truth and lies, true and false compassion, the problem of personality degradation, the problem of human relationships. Revealing the last problem, the author cannot help but turn to the theme of love, which, even in such inhuman conditions as life in a rooming house, still exists and makes the characters do crazy things to prove their feelings.
Life in a rooming house, the inhabitants of which are trying to somehow exist, seems unreal and fantastic, because people are initially placed in such conditions when nothing normal can be. “A basement that looks like a cave. The ceiling is heavy stone arches, sooty, with crumbling plaster. The light is from the viewer and, from top to bottom, from the square window on the right side. The right corner is occupied by Pepel's room, fenced off with thin bulkheads, near the door to this room - Bubnov's bunk. In the left corner is a large Russian stove; in the left stone wall there is a door to the kitchen where Kvashnya, Baron, Nastya live” – this is how the author describes the place of the events. Dirt, overcrowding, crowding, dampness, squalor, men in the same room with women - this is the interior against which the love of the characters unfolds. The hostel's wife, Vasilisa, runs on dates with the thief Pepel, which causes constant jealousy of her hypocritical and greedy husband, Pepel loves her sister Natasha, and Nastya, who earns her daily bread by the most humiliating craft in the world, dreams of pure, disinterested love. Human feelings did not die even in such terrible conditions: and here there is a place for compassion, sympathy, hopes and love.
Probably the most significant for the development of the plot of the play are the relationship between Ash and Natasha. Ashes, a thief, the son of a thief, sees in the modest and kind Natasha, who is constantly mocked by her sister, a symbol of something beautiful, bright, for which it is not a pity to give life: “Even now I will accept death! Take a knife, strike against the heart ... I will die - I will not gasp! Even - with joy, because - from a clean hand ... ”At the same time, Pepel does not understand that Vasilisa, a domineering and spiteful woman, will not give up hers so easily. The first act of the play ends with Vasilisa beating Natasha. Vasilisa tries to persuade Pepel to kill her husband, to free her from him, and for this she promises to give him Natasha as his wife. But Natasha Pepla herself does not like it, she also lives in dreams: “Well, I think tomorrow ... someone ... someone ... special will arrive ... Or - something will happen ... also - unprecedented ... I wait a long time ... always - I wait ... And so … in fact – what can we expect?”
Elder Luke persuades Pepel to take Natasha from the rooming house and go with her to Siberia, which he presents to Pepel as an earthly paradise. Ashes, trusting Luka, believes that life can be changed, he is ready for anything for the sake of his love: “I said - I will give up theft! By God - I'll quit! When I say - I'll do it! I am literate… I will work… Do you think that my life does not disgust me? But - I feel one thing: we must live ... differently! It is better to live! You have to live like this ... so that I can respect myself ... ”Natasha is also not averse to leaving with Ash, realizing that she has no other choice. But the heroes do not have time: the third act ends with Vasilisa tipping a boiling samovar onto her sister, and Pepel, in this turmoil, kills Kostylev with one blow. At the end of the play, we learn that Natasha has disappeared from the hospital, and Ash is in jail. What is the fate of these heroes is unknown, but they are unlikely to find their happiness in a world of violence and oppression.
But the fate of another heroine of the play, Nastya, unfortunately, is quite certain. Nastya earns her bread on the street, all the hostels laugh at her, everyone despises her. Nastya goes into dreams, fantasies of great love, which she never had and never will. She is the only one of the rooming houses who reads books, however, these are boulevard novels, from which she draws the plots of her fantasies: “Honest to God ... it was! Everything was! He was a student... he was a Frenchman... they called him a gastoche... with a black beard... he walked in patent leather boots... thunder on me at this place! And he loved me so… so loved!” Only Luka sympathizes with Nastya, saying: “If you believe, you had true love ... then it was!” In this terrible world, Nastya can only dream, forgetting about the humiliation and insults that fall to her lot in the real world.
In his play, Gorky shows how tragic the fate of people who, by their nature, cannot be predators. In the world of profit, they get the role of a victim, and all their human feelings, including love, are shattered by a terrible reality. But people remain people because they cannot help but suffer, sympathize with each other and love.
The play "At the Bottom" is a deep, ambiguous work in which the author posed complex philosophical and moral problems. Among them are the problem of truth and lies, true and false compassion, the problem of personality degradation, the problem of human relationships. Revealing the last problem, the author cannot help but turn to the theme of love, which, even in such inhuman conditions as life in a rooming house, still exists and makes the characters do crazy things to prove their feelings.
Life in a rooming house, the inhabitants of which are trying to somehow exist, seems unreal and fantastic, because people are initially placed in such conditions when nothing normal can be. “A basement that looks like a cave. The ceiling is heavy stone arches, sooty, with crumbling plaster. The light is from the viewer and, from top to bottom, from the square window on the right side. The right corner is occupied by Pepel's room, fenced off with thin bulkheads, near the door to this room - Bubnov's bunk. In the left corner is a large Russian stove; in the left stone wall there is a door to the kitchen where Kvashnya, Baron, Nastya live” – this is how the author describes the place of the events. Dirt, overcrowding, crowding, dampness, squalor, men in the same room with women - this is the interior against which the love of the characters unfolds. The hostel's wife, Vasilisa, runs on dates with the thief Pepel, which causes constant jealousy of her hypocritical and greedy husband, Pepel loves her sister Natasha, and Nastya, who earns her daily bread by the most humiliating craft in the world, dreams of pure, disinterested love. Human feelings did not die even in such terrible conditions: and here there is a place for compassion, sympathy, hopes and love.
Probably the most significant for the development of the plot of the play are the relationship between Ash and Natasha. Ashes, a thief, the son of a thief, sees in the modest and kind Natasha, who is constantly mocked by her sister, a symbol of something beautiful, bright, for which it is not a pity to give life: “Even now I will accept death! Take a knife, strike against the heart ... I will die - I will not gasp! Even - with joy, because - from a clean hand ... ”At the same time, Pepel does not understand that Vasilisa, a domineering and spiteful woman, will not give up hers so easily. The first act of the play ends with Vasilisa beating Natasha. Vasilisa tries to persuade Pepel to kill her husband, to free her from him, and for this she promises to give him Natasha as his wife. But Natasha Pepla herself does not like it, she also lives in dreams: “Well, I think tomorrow ... someone ... someone ... special will arrive ... Or - something will happen ... also - unprecedented ... I wait a long time ... always - I wait ... And so … in fact – what can we expect?”
Elder Luke persuades Pepel to take Natasha from the rooming house and go with her to Siberia, which he presents to Pepel as an earthly paradise. Ashes, trusting Luka, believes that life can be changed, he is ready for anything for the sake of his love: “I said - I will give up theft! By God - I'll quit! When I say - I'll do it! I am literate… I will work… Do you think that my life does not disgust me? But - I feel one thing: we must live ... differently! It is better to live! You have to live like this ... so that I can respect myself ... ”Natasha is also not averse to leaving with Ash, realizing that she has no other choice. But the heroes do not have time: the third act ends with Vasilisa tipping a boiling samovar onto her sister, and Pepel, in this turmoil, kills Kostylev with one blow. At the end of the play, we learn that Natasha has disappeared from the hospital, and Ash is in jail. What is the fate of these heroes is unknown, but they are unlikely to find their happiness in a world of violence and oppression.
But the fate of another heroine of the play, Nastya, unfortunately, is quite certain. Nastya earns her bread on the street, all the hostels laugh at her, everyone despises her. Nastya goes into dreams, fantasies of great love, which she never had and never will. She is the only one of the rooming-houses who reads books, however, these are boulevard novels, from which she draws the plots of her fantasies: “Honestly… it was! Everything was! He was a student... he was a Frenchman... they called him Gastoshee... with a black beard... he walked in patent leather boots... thunder on me at this place! And he loved me so… so loved!” Only Luka sympathizes with Nastya, saying: “If you believe, you had true love ... then it was!” In this terrible world, Nastya can only dream, forgetting about the humiliation and insults that fall to her lot in the real world.
In his play, Gorky shows how tragic the fate of people who, by their nature, cannot be predators. In the world of profit, they get the role of a victim, and all their human feelings, including love, are shattered by a terrible reality. But people remain people because they cannot help but suffer, sympathize with each other and love.
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The play "At the Bottom" is a deep, ambiguous work in which the author posed complex philosophical and moral problems. Among them is the problem of truth and lies, true and false compassion, the problem of personality degradation, the problem of human relationships. Revealing the last problem, the author cannot help but turn to the theme of love, which, even in such inhuman conditions as life in a rooming house, still exists and makes the characters do crazy things to prove their feelings.
Life in a rooming house, the inhabitants of which are trying to somehow exist, seems unreal and fantastic, because people are initially placed in such conditions when nothing normal can be. “A basement that looks like a cave. Ceiling - heavy stone vaults, sooty, with crumbling plaster. The light is from the viewer and, from top to bottom, from the square window on the right side. The right corner is occupied by Ash's room, fenced off with thin bulkheads, near the door to this room is Bubnov's bunk. In the left corner is a large Russian oven; in the left, stone, wall - door to the kitchen where Kvashnya, Baron, Nastya live, ”the author describes the place of the events in this way. Dirt, overcrowding, crowding, dampness, squalor, men in the same room with women - this is the interior against which the characters' love unfolds. The hostel's wife, Vasilisa, runs on dates with the thief Pepel, which causes constant jealousy of her hypocritical and greedy husband, Pepel loves her sister Natasha, and Nastya, who earns her daily bread by the most humiliating craft in the world, dreams of pure, disinterested love. Human feelings did not die even in such terrible conditions: and here there is a place for compassion, sympathy, hopes and love.
Probably the most significant for the development of the plot of the play are the relationship between Ash and Natasha. Ashes, a thief, the son of a thief, sees in the modest and kind Natasha, who is constantly mocked by her sister, a symbol of something beautiful, bright, for which it is not a pity to give his life: “Even now I will accept death! You take a knife, strike against the heart ... I will die - I will not gasp! Even - with joy, because - from a clean hand ... ”At the same time, Pepel does not understand that Vasilisa, a domineering and spiteful woman, will not give up hers so easily. The first act of the play ends with Vasilisa beating Natasha. Vasilisa tries to persuade Pepel to kill her husband, to free her from him, and for this she promises to give him Natasha as his wife. But Natasha Pepla herself does not like it, she also lives in dreams: “Well, I think tomorrow ... someone ... someone ... special will arrive ... Or something will happen ... also - unprecedented ... I wait for a long time ... always - I wait ... And so ... in fact - what can we expect?
Elder Luke persuades Pepel to take Natasha from the rooming house and go with her to Siberia, which he presents to Pepel as an earthly paradise. Ashes, trusting Luka, believes that life can be changed, he is ready for anything for the sake of his love: “I said, I will quit stealing! Oh my gosh, I'll drop it! When I say - I'll do it! I am literate... I will work... Do you think that my life doesn't disgust me? But - I feel one thing: we must live ... otherwise! It is better to live! You have to live like this ... so that I can respect myself ... ”Natasha is also not averse to leaving with Ash, realizing that she has no other choice. But the heroes do not have time: the third act ends with Vasilisa tipping a boiling samovar onto her sister, and Pepel, in this turmoil, kills Kostylev with one blow. At the end of the play, we learn that Natasha has disappeared from the hospital, and Ash is in jail. What is the fate of these heroes is not known, but they are unlikely to find their happiness in a world of violence and oppression.
But the fate of another heroine of the play, Nastya, unfortunately, is quite certain. Nastya earns her bread on the street, all the hostels laugh at her, everyone despises her. Nastya goes into dreams, fantasies of great love, which she never had and never will. She is the only one of the overnight stays who reads books, however, these are boulevard novels, from which she draws the plots of her fantasies: “Honest to God ... it was! Everything was! He was a student... he was a Frenchman... they called him a gastoche... with a black beard... he walked in patent-leather boots... smash me with thunder in this place! And he loved me so ... so loved! Only Luka sympathizes with Nastya, saying: “If you believe, you had true love ... then it was!” In this terrible world, Nastya can only dream, forgetting about the humiliation and insults that fall to her lot in the real world.
In his play, Gorky shows how tragic the fate of people who, by their nature, cannot be predators. In the world of profit, they get the role of a victim, and all their human feelings, including love, are shattered by a terrible reality. But people remain people because they cannot help but suffer, sympathize with each other and love.
