The giant ground drawings of the Peruvian Nazca plateau are deservedly considered one of the most mysterious sights not only in South America, but of the entire planet.
About 500 square meters plateau areas. The lines that form the Nazca drawings are applied to the surface of the earth in a peculiar way - excavation, as a result of which trenches up to 1.5 meters wide and up to 30-50 centimeters deep were formed.
The lines form a huge number of geoglyphs - geometric and curly patterns: over 10,000 stripes, more than 700 geometric shapes(mainly trapezoids, triangles and spirals), about 30 images of birds, animals, insects and flowers.
Nazca's drawings are impressive in their size. So, for example, the figures of a spider and a hummingbird are about 50 meters long, the drawing of a condor extends for 120 meters, the image of a pelican is almost 290 meters. It is striking that with such gigantic dimensions, the contours of the figures are continuous and surprisingly accurate. Almost perfect even stripes cross the beds of dry rivers, climb up and down high hills, but do not deviate from the necessary direction. modern science unable to explain such a phenomenon.
For the first time, these amazing ancient figures were discovered by pilots only in the 30s of the last century.
This is explained by the fact that from the ground it is almost impossible to recognize the figures, spread over tens and hundreds of meters in length.
Despite decades of research, it remains a mystery how, by whom and for what purpose these drawings were made. The estimated "age" of the images is from fifteen to twenty centuries.
Today, about 30 drawings are known, about 13 thousand lines and stripes, about 700 geometric figures (primarily triangles and trapezoids, as well as about a hundred spirals).
Most researchers attribute the authorship of the drawings to representatives of the Nazca civilization, who inhabited the plateau before the advent of the Incas. The level of development of the Nazca civilization has not been sufficiently studied, therefore it is impossible to say with certainty that its representatives possessed the technologies that allow them to create such drawings.
There are many versions explaining the purpose of the Nazca geoglyphs. The most common of these is astronomical. Its supporters consider the Nazca lines to be a kind of astronomical calendar. The ritual version is also popular, according to which giant drawings are intended for communication with the heavenly Deity.
Multiple repetitions of the same lines and figures, as well as the revealed mathematical patterns in their proportions and mutual arrangement, give the right to assume that the Nazca drawings are a kind of encrypted text. According to the most fantastic hypotheses, the figures on the plateau serve as landmarks for the landing of alien ships.
Unfortunately, a purposeful and regular study of the Nazca geoglyphs is not carried out in our time. Centuries-old mysteries of the famous Peruvian drawings still waiting for their researchers.
Geoglyphs of Nazca and Palpa from a copter. peru 2014 hd
Satellite drawings of Nazca
Lines and images on the Nazca plateau were found in 1920. American scientist P. Kosok, flying over desert, noticed mysterious drawings from the cockpit. Today, more than 100 "drawn" giant geometric figures, perfectly straight lines, plants and animals have been found on the plateau.
The lines were of most interest to scientists who studied the plateau. They were perfectly even, located absolutely chaotically from each other and "did not pay attention" to the landscape of the area - they passed through valleys and hills, leaving an invariably even trail behind them.
Nazca Plateau located near the cities of Palpa and Nazca, 60 km long. This area has not been irrigated by rain for years. Perhaps this is an ideal area for arranging burials, since it is possible to ensure the incorruptibility of the remains on it. When P. Kusok studied the lines and drawings from the ground, he noted that they were made using an incredibly simple technology. To leave the drawing, it was only necessary to move the turf and stones, laying them in a row. Given that the drawings were huge, they would have taken years to apply. But in such an area, they could retain their original appearance for thousands of years.
The subjects of images are conditionally divided into 2 groups: shapes and lines. There are two types of lines: they are either paired, like tram rails, or they form certain shapes. After studying the plateau, scientists came to the conclusion that the images were first drawn - after that, lines were drawn over them. The accuracy of the lines is surprising - they are so straight that they could be used instead of a level. This is surprising and none of the scientists could explain how it was possible to maintain the effect without modern aviation technology and technology. straight lines over such great distances.
As soon as these drawings were discovered on the Nazca plateau, the question immediately arose about their purpose and the authorship of the images. Many different theories have been put forward - from alien civilizations to systems for managing the population of the Earth. All new researchers are trying to unravel the mystery of the plateau, and almost everyone comes up with their own version of the purpose of the lines. Today, none of the theories has any advantage over others, since the clue secrets of the Nazca plateau humanity has not come a step closer. Modern scientists also take a different look at the age of these drawings: some researchers believe that the lines were drawn in 200 BC, others - 1700 BC.
Theories of the appointment of Nazca drawings
One of the first to appear was the astronomical theory. It was suggested by the discoverer of the plateau - P. Piece. As the sun went down, he noticed that it was setting exactly at the intersection of one of the lines on the horizon. Further observations convinced the scientist that his guess was correct: he calculated the line of the winter solstice on the plateau. The piece noted that the lines show in the direction of certain space objects (constellations and stars) on important days for astronomy (full moons, etc.).
To confirm the theory of P. Kusok, it was necessary to identify all the images on the Nazca plateau with celestial bodies. Such a task required complete dedication, enormous efforts and time from the researchers. Therefore, P. Piece enlisted the support of a familiar translator Spanish who accompanied him on his travels South America. Her name was Maria Reiche. Together they made a map and topological plans of the plateau - it took more than 7 years of joint work.
For the first time, researchers received state support only in 1947, when officials from the Ministry of Aviation Peru a service helicopter was allocated for the needs of scientists. From that moment on, Maria was able to take photos of the plateau from above.
For the first time, Maria flew, tying herself with ropes, hanging from the side, taking pictures, and the whole flight she held the camera in her hands. After the very first flights, she turned to an engineer she knew, and he designed something like a suspension to the board. In 1956, all the images were collected, and on their basis a detailed diagram was drawn up. drawings on the Nazca plateau.
In ancient times, the Sun and the Moon served as a calendar for people. Their position on the horizon was determined by the arrival of spring and autumn, the amount of rain, and the timing of harvesting. Scientists believe that these lines are a calendar that uses the Moon and the Sun as clocks instead of hands. When studying the drawings on the plateau, scientists were surprised to find that the Nazca drawings repeat the map of the starry sky and display entire constellations on a large scale. But the most important question relatively Nazca lines remained unanswered until today: who made these images, and how? After all, among ancient people, if you believe official history, it was not possible to fly over the desert and correct the work of the builders.
The paleocontact theory and the Nazca plateau
Another most common version is the paleocontact or alien theory. It is she who is supported by most researchers and scientists around the world. For the first time, the theory that alien civilizations used to visit the planet Earth was first put forward by Erich von Daniken. In his paper, Daniken indicated that he was certain that these images were actually airstrips for interplanetary travel. He argues that drawings of this size were intended only for those who could see them in flight, that is, using aircraft. Daniken suggested that this airport was built for the "Gods" who are told in all local legends.
One is interesting ancient legend which is passed on from generation to generation by the entire local population. She talks about how a "golden ship" from distant galaxies arrived on our planet. The crew of the ship was controlled by the woman Oryana, who later became the mother human race. When she gave birth to 70 children to earthly people, the ship left the Earth and all the aliens went to their native galaxy.
Documentaries by Erich von Däniken and can be viewed on our website.
IN local legend is described in detail how the "youths of the sun" easily cut through space on their "golden ships". Another fact is also interesting - the result of the analysis of the muscle tissues of the Inca mummies showed that the composition of the blood of ancient remains and modern local residents radically different from each other. The mummies were found to have a blood type of a surprisingly rare combination. Such a blood type was met by scientists only 2 or 3 times during the entire period of research.
Developing the study, scientists noticed that the goat of the main widest lines were smaller ones that were not related to the main one. These lines did not continue the main drawing in any way and were connected exactly near the end of the contour. They formed a mega-system that looks like a kind of electrical circuit, in which everything is done with one wire - the patterns do not intersect (there is no short circuit) and are not interrupted (as if the circuit is broken).
The Nazca Desert is located in the south of Peru, 450 kilometers from Lima. This is the region of residence of the pre-Inca civilization of Nazca (I-VI centuries AD).
The Nazca people waged wars and engaged in trade, but the main activity for them was fishing and farming. In addition, the Nazca were great artists and architects - we can judge this from the found ceramic products of this culture and the ruins of ancient cities. There are many testimonies high level development of this civilization, the main of which, of course, are the Nazca Lines - huge geoglyphs in the desert, visible only from a bird's eye view.
What to see
Nazca lines
Giant drawings in the desert depicting animals and miscellaneous items- Nazca lines - were discovered in 1926. Researchers suggest that geoglyphs were created in 300-800 years by the Nazca civilization. They were called “the largest calendar in the world”, “the most gigantic book on astronomy” - their exact purpose remains unknown.
The area of the territory where the Nazca Lines are located, occupies 500 km2 and is located in the desert, where it rains for only half an hour a year. It is this fact that allowed geoglyphs to survive to this day.
These drawings were first described in 1548, but for many years no one paid serious attention to them. Perhaps this was due to the fact that they can only be properly examined from a height, and they began to fly airplanes over the desert much later. In the early 1940s, during the construction of the Pan-American Highway, an American professor invited to study coastal hydrology regularly flew over the valleys in small planes. It was he who drew attention to the strange lines that develop into huge drawings. The sight that unfolded shocked and astounded him. Professor Kosok and other scientists have devoted many years to the study of these lines. They managed to discover the relationship between the location of the lines with the sun on the days of the summer and winter solstices, as well as indications of the moon, planets and bright constellations. It seemed that the Nazca civilization set up a gigantic observatory here.
The technique for creating geoglyphs was very simple: the upper darkened layer was cut off from the soil and folded here, along the formed light stripe, creating a darker color framing the lines. Over time, the color of the lines darkened and became less contrasting, but we can still see the drawings left by the Nazca civilization.
How to watch
In Nazca, there are several companies that make sightseeing flights in small planes over the desert. Such, because due to the number of people who want to see the Lines of Places on the desired date in last moment may not appear.
An alternative way to see the lines is to go up to the observation deck on the Panamericana Highway (El Mirador). The cost of lifting is 2 soles (20 rubles), but you can only see 2 drawings.
Palpa Lines
Unlike the Nazca drawings, the Palp Lines consist more of images of a person and geometric patterns. According to archaeological research, the Palpa Lines belong to more early period than the Nazca Lines. Flying over the Palp Lines, you can see the image of the Pelican, the image of a woman, a man and a boy, whom archaeologists have nicknamed "The Family". One of the Palp Lines is an image of a Hummingbird - similar to one of the geoglyphs of the Nazca Lines. Another Line is read by archaeologists as an image of a Dog near the Square. Near the city of Palpa you can see famous image Sundial and Tumi, the ritual knife.
Ruins of Cahuachi
The most important and powerful city of the Nazca civilization was Cahuachi - a city in the Nazca Valley, 24 km from modern city Nazca. Excavations are still underway here. To date, the city remains:
- The Central Pyramid is 28 meters high and 100 meters wide, consisting of 7 steps. Religious ceremonies were held here.
- Stepped Temple 5 meters high and 25 meters wide
- 40 buildings made of adobe (unfired brick)
There was a necropolis near the city, where scientists found untouched graves with various items that were customary to put in graves (dishes, fabrics, jewelry, etc.). All finds can be seen in the Antonini Archaeological Museum (Museo Arqueológico Antonini) in Nazca.
Necropolis of Chauchilla (El cementerio de Chauchilla)
The Chauchilla necropolis is located 30 km from the city of Nazca. This the only place in Peru, where you can see the mummies of an ancient civilization directly in the graves where they were found. This cemetery was used from the 3rd to 9th centuries AD, but the main burials date back to 600-700 years. The mummies were well preserved due to the arid desert climate, as well as the embalming technology used by the Nazca: the bodies of the dead people were wrapped in cotton cloth, painted with paints and impregnated with resins. It was the resins that helped to avoid the decomposing action of bacteria.
The necropolis was discovered in 1920, but officially recognized archaeological site and taken under protection only in 1997. Prior to that, he suffered for many years from marauders who stole a significant part of the treasures of Nazca.
2 hour guided tour - 30 Sols
Entrance ticket to the Necropolis - 5 soles
San Fernando Nature Reserve (Bahía de San Fernando)
About 80 km from Nazca there is a nature reserve very similar to Paracas. Here you can also see penguins, sea lions, dolphins, various birds. And besides, the Andean fox, guanaco and condors are found in San Fernando.
It is difficult to get here and there are almost no tourists here.In San Fernando you can spend time alone with nature and the Pacific Ocean!
Cantayoc aqueducts
The Nazca were a very advanced civilization. In the desert, where the river only fills with water for 40 days a year, the Nazca farmers needed a system that would allow them to have water throughout the year. They solved this problem by creating a magnificent system of aqueducts. One of them - Cantayoc Aqueducts are less than 5 km from the city of Nazca and are a chain of spiral wells.
When to go
Nazca is located in the desert, where it is almost always dry and sunny. December to March is the hottest time in this region, the average daily temperature is around 27C. June to September are the coldest months of the year when the daytime temperature is only 18C.
How to get to Nazca
Nazca is located 450 kilometers south of Lima. You can get here on your own by car along the Panamericana Highway, or by one of the many buses that go in this direction. The bus trip will take 7 hours.
Do you know what a Nazca is? This is an ancient Indian civilization. It got its name from the river, in the valley of which one can still admire numerous cultural monuments. The heyday of this civilization was observed in the first millennium BC. Later, the name Nazca was worn by a small Indian village in the south of Peru, located behind the mountain ranges. In order to get to it from the capital of the state of Lima, it was necessary to drive many kilometers through a dusty, rocky and sandy wasteland.
Today, the city of Nazca is connected by a four-lane freeway. Moreover, that part of it that passes through the bare hills and the desert is paved with wild stones. A small and quiet village in the past, today it is a small but very neat town. There is own museum and a small park, various shops and even two banks. There are hotels of various classes in the town that accept tourists who have gone to this area in order to get acquainted with the world-famous "Pampa de Nasca".
Geography
What attracts tourists from all over the world to a small town in southern Peru? Travelers come here to see the amazing and mysterious plateau Nazca. This is a plain, located on a certain hill. For her, as for all plateaus, a flat, and sometimes wavy relief is characteristic. It is slightly dissected in places. Distinct ledges separate the plateau from other plains.
Where is Nazca located? This plateau is located in the south of Peru. It is separated from the capital of the country, Lima, by 450 km, which must be overcome in a southeasterly direction. on the map is located almost in the coastal zone Pacific Ocean. From the plateau to its boundless waters - no more than eighty kilometers.
Nazca coordinates will help you find this area on the map faster. They are 14° 41′ 18″ south latitude and 75° 7′ 22″ West.
The Nazca plateau has an elongated shape from north to south. Its length is 50 km. But the width of the area from the western to the eastern borders ranges from five to seven kilometers.
natural conditions
The Nazca coordinates are such that the area is located in a dry climate zone. As a result, it is sparsely populated. Winter here lasts from June to September. For us, this is surprising, but in southern hemisphere does not coincide with that which is characteristic of the zone located north of the equator.
As for the air temperature, it is practically stable in this area. In the winter months, its value does not fall below sixteen degrees. IN summer period the thermometer is almost constantly kept at around +25.
The Nazca plateau, as mentioned above, is located in close proximity to the waters of the Pacific Ocean. However, despite this, rains are very rare here. There are also no winds on the plateau, since it is protected from air masses by mountain ranges. There are no rivers and streams in this desert either. You can see here only their dried-up beds.
Nazca lines
However, it is not its location that attracts many tourists to this region. The Nazca plateau beckons with mysterious drawings and lines located right on the earth's surface. Scientists call them geoglyphs. This concept means a geometric figure made in the earth's soil, the length of which is at least four meters.
The Nazca geoglyphs are grooves made of a mixture of sand and pebbles dug into the soil. They are not deep (15-30 cm), but long (up to 10 km), having different widths (from 150 to 200 m). Geoglyphs, or, as they are also called, the Nazca lines, are made in a very bizarre form. Here you can see the outlines of birds, spiders and animals, as well as geometric shapes. In total, there are about 13 thousand such lines on the plateau.
What is this? Secrets of history? Mysteries of the past? There is no single answer to these questions. Some scientists believe that the Nazca drawings are applied to the earth's surface by skillful human hands. However, it is still impossible to confirm this assumption. There is another, rather stable opinion, according to which the stripes and lines were applied not by people, but by representatives of an alien mind. This is the greatest secret of the Nazca desert, over which dozens of scientists are struggling. However, despite this, the mystery of the Peruvian plateau remains unsolved for the modern world.
Discovery history
The Nazca Desert (Peru) is famous huge paintings located on the plateau. These drawings, created by unknown artists, belong to greatest achievements world culture and are an undoubted monument of art throughout our planet.
For the first time terrestrial giant paintings the pilots noticed in 1927. But the geoglyphs of Nazca became known to the scientific community only twenty years later. It was then that the American historian Paul Kosok published a whole series of photographs of amazing and mysterious drawings that were taken from the air.
Creation technology
Nazca drawings were created by removing debris, brown stones and volcanic pebbles, covered with a thin coating of black, from a light subsoil, consisting of a mixture of calcite, clay and sand. That is why the contours giant figures clearly visible from a helicopter or aircraft.
From the air, all lines against the background of the soil look lighter, although from the ground or from low mountains such patterns merge with the ground, and it is impossible to distinguish them.
Lines and geometric shapes
All images that can be observed in the Nazca desert have different shape. Some of them are stripes or lines, the width of which is in the range from fifteen centimeters to ten or more meters. Such deepenings of the soil are quite long. They can stretch from one to three or even more kilometers. The stripes can also expand smoothly along their length.
Some Nazca lines are elongated or truncated triangles. This is the most common view on the plateau. Moreover, their sizes are very diverse and range from one to three kilometers. Such triangles are often called trapezoids. Some Nazca drawings are large squares that have a rectangular or irregular shape.
You can also see such quadrangles familiar to us from geometry as trapezoids (with two parallel sides) on the plateau. There are about seven hundred such creations with clear forms in the desert.
Many lines and platforms have some deepening of the arcuate profile up to thirty or more centimeters. Moreover, all these grooves have clear boundaries, resembling a curb.
Feature of the Nazca lines
The geoglyphs of the Peruvian desert are widely known for their straightness. The imagination of travelers is literally amazed by the lines stretching for many kilometers along the plateau, easily overcoming all the features of the relief. In addition, the Nazca figures have peculiar centers, located, as a rule, on hills. At these points converge and diverge different kinds lines. Often, recesses in the ground are connected to each other, while combining in various combinations. It happens that shapes and lines overlap each other.
The location of the trapezoids is also interesting. Their bases, as a rule, are turned towards the river valleys and are located below the narrow part.
It is also surprising that:
- the edges of all lines have the highest accuracy, the spread of which is within only five centimeters over a length of several kilometers;
- the visibility of the contours is preserved even when the figures are superimposed on each other;
- there is a strict limitation of figures in width with significant lengths of the strips;
- the visibility of the stripes is maintained even with changes in the characteristics of the soil;
- there is a similarity of the configuration and arrangement of ray-shaped figures with optical schemes;
- the geometry of the figures is preserved even with complex terrain;
- there are lines that are astronomical in nature, indicating the cardinal points or the days of the equinoxes.
Various drawings
A kind of decoration of large-scale areas of the Nazca plateau are zigzags and whip-shaped figures. Among 13,000 lines, 800 platforms and hundreds of different spirals in the amazing and mysterious Peruvian desert, you can see semantic drawings. These are three dozen figures of animals and birds, including:
- a lizard 200 meters long, crossed by a ribbon of an American highway, the builders of which did not notice the drawing;
- a bird with a snake neck, stretching for 300 m;
- hundred meter condor;
- eighty meter spider.
In addition to these images, you can see fish and birds, a monkey and a flower, something similar to a tree, as well as a thirty-meter figure of a man, made not at all on a plateau, but as if carved on one of the steep slopes of a mountain.
From the ground, all these drawings are nothing but separate strokes and stripes. Admire the giant images You can only get up in the air. These greatest secrets history, the mysteries of the past have not yet been clarified by scientists. How ancient civilization, which does not have aircraft, was able to create such complex drawings and what are their purposes?
Features of Nazca drawings
Contour images of birds and animals have different sizes ranging from 45 to 300 m. Width contour line drawings - from 15 cm to 3 m. All semantic images that can be seen on the Nazca plateau are concentrated along its edge, located above the valley of the Ingenio River.
Among the features of these drawings are:
- execution of one continuous, nowhere intersecting and non-closing line;
- the beginning and end of the deepening of the soil are located on the site;
- the "output" and "input" of the circuits are two parallel lines;
- there is an ideal conjugation between curved drawings and straight lines, which, as established by scientists, are made according to the strict laws of mathematics, which explains their harmony and beauty;
- mechanical execution (except for the image of a monkey), which deprives the figures of animals of any emotional coloring;
- the presence of asymmetry, which is explained by the imperfection of the work on enlarging the sketches;
- the presence of secant lines parallel to one of the contour segments, which is explained by the complex execution of the internal space of the figure.
Assumptions and versions
Who is the author of the amazing creations located in the Nazca desert? So far, scientists can only build their own versions and put forward various hypotheses. So, there are many supporters of the assumption of the extraterrestrial origin of geoglyphs. They suggest that the broad lines served to extraterrestrial civilization runways. However, such a hypothesis has many opponents who put forward their very weighty argument - the nature of the drawings. Yes, they are impressive and far from terrestrial in size, but their plot suggests that they were made by people, and not at all by aliens.
However, even in this case, many unresolved mysteries remain. How did unknown artists manage to create such gigantic images that are visible only from the air? Why did they do it? What techniques were used to keep the proportions of the giant models?
Hypotheses about the origin of drawings on the Nazca plateau are varied, and some of them are simply fantastic. However, among the existing versions there are those that deserve special attention.
So, according to some scientists, the entire system of Nazca lines is a huge calendar. One of the first to put forward this assumption was Paul Kosok. This American scientist was the first to discover the mysterious conglomeration of various shapes and lines. His whole life after that was devoted to unraveling the mystery of the Peruvian desert. Once Kosok noticed that the setting sun had set directly at the intersection of the horizon with one of the straight lines. He also discovered a band indicating a winter opposition. There is also Kosok's assumption that certain drawings correspond to certain cosmic bodies. This hypothesis has existed for a long time. Moreover, it was supported by many famous scientists from all over the world. However, later it was proved that the percentage of coincidence of the Nazca drawings with certain planets is extremely small in order to consider this system as a calendar.
There is another very plausible version. According to her, the Nazca lines indicate the location of an extensive system of underground water channels. This hypothesis can be confirmed by the fact that the location of ancient wells coincides with the strips dug in the ground. But it is possible that this is just a coincidence.
Or maybe the purpose of the Nazca lines is of a cult nature? Excavations of archaeologists have found ancient human burials and altars in places where drawings were made. However, all ritual objects have always been built in such a way that they can evoke certain emotions and influence a person. The drawings, viewed only from a height, do not evoke any feelings in those who are on the ground.
Be that as it may, the one who created these amazing figures had the ability to somehow move through the air and was remarkably oriented in space. Maybe ancient people knew how to build Balloons and fly them?
All existing hypotheses have not yet brought humanity closer to unraveling the mystery of the Nazca desert. Maybe soon scientists will answer the question about the origin of amazing lines? Or maybe this mystery will remain unsolved ...
These gigantic drawings are distinguishable only with high altitude: only flying by plane over the Nazca plateau - that which is spread out in the southern part of Peru, you can see this " art gallery”, consisting of images of birds and animals, flowers and insects. The correct contours of the lizard, hummingbird, monkey, condor and spider are crossed by numerous straight lines, spirals, triangles, trapezoids and other geometric shapes.
Where did this heritage come from, what was the goal of the ancient artists who created desert masterpieces, and, finally, what technologies allowed them to observe ideal proportions drawings, the size of the smallest of which is 46 meters, and the largest - a pelican - reaches 285 meters? These questions have occupied the minds of scientists since the very moment when the Nazca geoglyphs were discovered - since 1939, when an airplane with an American archaeologist on board flew over the desert.
The technique for making all the drawings is the same: the contour of the image is a single inseparable line that stretches for tens and hundreds of meters and often crosses hills, depressions and dried up river beds. Tell me, if you will, without the help of special instruments and control from a height, it was possible to draw all these straight lines, curves and broken lines, without once deviating from the given direction by even half a degree?
Yes, hundreds of meters - the lines of some geometric shapes stretch for 8 kilometers! Not being able to rise high above the “canvas”, it is more than difficult to get an idea of the nature of the drawing and, moreover, of the correctness of the direction taken. And that is not all. Careful studies of drawings and figures showed that all geoglyphs are subject to strict mathematical laws.
How were these canvases created? Like many other geoglyphs, by digging trenches: moving along a given contour, the ancient creators furrowed the desert land, digging the soil along the length of the entire pattern 120-140 cm wide and 25-35 cm deep. Due to the peculiarities of the semi-desert climate, the drawings of the Nazca board have survived to this day.
Another mystery that haunts researchers: how did it happen that the workers digging numerous trenches (recall that some lines are several kilometers long) did not leave any traces of their stay - at least trampled paths? By by and large, pundits do not have exact answers to any of the current questions - only hypotheses.
Unless it was possible to determine the time of creation of drawings and lines relatively accurately - geoglyphs were formed before the 12th century, when the Incas settled the valley. This means that the authorship of marvelous patterns is attributed to the predecessors of the Incas - the Nazca civilization. One can only guess about the purpose of creating a "gallery" in the desert. Based on the fact that the huge paintings are distinguishable only from a great height, it is logical to assume that the ancient people who inhabited the desert tried to communicate with the deities in this way.
According to other versions, representatives of the Nazca civilization tried to reproduce the celestial map of the constellations using patterns and drawings or transmitted an encrypted message to someone. One of the idle assumptions is completely devoid of common sense: signs allegedly inscribed on the face of the earth served as a landing strip for alien ships. One thing is clear: there are still much more questions in the case of geoglyphs of the Nazca plateau than answers - huge drawings in the middle of the desert remain an unsolved mystery to this day.
