You can download the book Dragon chooses a bride from the author Larisa Petrovicheva in Russian in FB2 formats on our website for free.
He is a knight. Man of honor. He only speaks the truth. worst sin considers betrayal. Defender of the weak, storm of scoundrels. He is a stone jungle samurai. Experienced and fierce fighter. Merciless to enemies, rational to the point of cynicism. He is a poet. connoisseur true beauty. And a skilled participant in the "gallant hunt." He is a biker, a hand-to-hand man, a programmer… He is someone who has never shied away from Destiny's offers. He himself was the Fate for many ... He fearlessly looks into the distance. He sees the edge...
In the middle of the hall, they grimaced (sorry, danced), they, his classmates and others from the 9th "a" class. We have graduation together with them. Many girls stood by the walls, in groups of two or three, a few glances from there glided over me, after all, there were a little more females in our two classes. In 9 "a", of course, there are more than half of the guys, but we have two-thirds of the girls. In general, there were not enough pairs for everyone ... ..
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The collector Sergei Kostikov has a wonderful ability to "revive" plasticine figures the size of a little finger, which he sculpts with his own hands. Since then everything free time the sculptor devotes himself to creating new miniature livestock and observing their lives. But it is not in vain that his profession is considered dangerous - Sergei's collection route is under attack. Values have been stolen, there are victims... To prove his non-involvement in the crime, the sculptor resorts to the help of zipper.
Seryoga Kostikov was always fond of something. Gathered a decent library - mostly science fiction; kept and constantly listened to three hundred music discs - rock; liked to glue plastic models - military equipment times Patriotic War; was in the society of numismatists; collected badges, postcards, stamps - on the topic of hunting and fishing. He loved to hunt and fish, even took part in trap shooting competitions, and won medals several times in fishing ...
Olga Werner, a doctor from a Black Sea resort town, no longer has a shadow. But she had courage, the courage of despair. She needs to save herself and her children, outplay a powerful opponent and remember how it feels to be truly happy. She has only forty days left, and then ... There is nowhere to retreat. "Be determined and act, that is the choice of the noble." So it says in a book that Olga has never read, but for some reason knows by heart. You can only see the world as it is through your fingers.
I removed my bangs from my forehead and looked through my fingers at the corner where the gaze of the former Antinous remained riveted. Polina was sitting there in an armchair and, propping her head on her hand, looked at him just as intently. So, this is what inspires him with such animal horror? Or the memory of an angry werewolf? Or both together?..
The action takes place in the 1580s AD. North America. In 2018 main character, Peter Hassun, an ordinary Native American who survived the hell of Vietnam, returned to his homeland and fully drank "glory and honor" from his fellow citizens, drags out a miserable existence. Life has developed ... life has not developed. As of 2018, he is a drunken, lonely Indian without a fixed place of residence, not expecting anything from life, and it seemed that she did not expect anything from him ... In general, progressorism and beating of pale-faced people.
Peter Hassoun, a "proud citizen of the United States," sat beside his lounger in the park and drank cheap whiskey, which he honestly earned by unloading a vegetable van for Mansa's cafe. In general, Mance was a good guy, thanks to him, Peter had somewhere to earn some money for drinks, and sometimes even a snack. Although with a snack it did not always work out. Recent years ten Peter was on an alcohol diet. How did he come to such a life? His biography could tell about this, if someone undertook to write it ...
Baroness Arley is fed up with court intrigues. She would be home, in her native castle, but do you disobey the king? So you have to avoid balls and gentlemen by hook or by crook. But the more cunning the game, the more seductive it is. A patient and careful hunter will think over the siege, choose a weapon and certainly catch it ... unless, of course, he turns into a game himself.
The servant was right - beech firewood burned hot and long. It's good that the baroness put only a few logs. But for whom was the effort?
When she was about to go to bed, there was a soft knock. Her heart began to beat quickly, often, and her arms and legs seemed to go numb. But the knock was repeated, and she realized that the sound was coming from the mirror.
It's me, venerable baroness! - barely audible from behind the wall panel ....
Weapon Selection is a complex book. This is not only a novel about Malaya, although the setting of the colony is depicted in all its ugliness. This is a book about the class struggle and its laws in modern world. This is a book about the problem of "commitment", which is relevant for the English intelligentsia, the highest form whom Ash considers serving revolutionary ideas. From the genre point of view, it is, first of all, a novel of views. Through the contours of the adventurous plot, the honed features of the pamphlet novel, written in the form of a dispute-dialogue, appear. And the dispute here is especially interesting because its participants are not incorporeal shadows, but people written in a strong and psychologically convincing way. Their views are tested in the novel by life in extremely dramatic circumstances.
... "Weapon Choice" is not quite common product for modern English Literature. This is first of all anti-colonial romance, a genre poorly represented today in England, which is not so paradoxical for a country in which the preservation of the empire is a matter of life and death. In addition, the struggle against colonialism is shown in the novel in close connection with the problem of serving progressive social ideals in general, with the so-called "commitment". This word does not leave the pages of the periodical press, and now and then there are discussions about the role individual person, and especially the artist, public life. However, the theme of active public service and, moreover, participation in the class struggle hardly penetrates literature and most often in an indirect form, while in Ash it becomes the main content of the book...
When the sleeper wakes up
Fiction(prose) - one of the types of art that differs from the rest only in the material from which works are created - these are only words and artistic language. The result of creativity in fiction is works that reflect eras that have a high artistic value and bringing aesthetic pleasure.
Old Russian literature has 2 sources - church books (the Bible, the lives of the saints) and folklore. It existed from the moment of the introduction of writing in Cyrillic (XI century) until the appearance of individual author's works (XVII century). Original works: "The Tale of Bygone Years" (an example of chronicles), "The Word of Law and Grace", "Instructions for Children" (codes of laws), "The Tale of Igor's Campaign" (in genre it resembles a story, with a logical development of events and authenticity, with an artistic style ).
To the section...
Peter's transformations were reflected not only in scientific and technical achievements Russia XVIII century, but also made a huge contribution to the development national culture and art. Rather, they gave the latter a significant acceleration and radically changed the vector of development domestic art. Until the 18th century, the development of Russian culture took place in isolation, even in isolation, which led to the development of authentic trends and genres closely related to the national and church trends. In the countries of Europe at the same time, literature finally separated from the church and became secular. It is this secularism - creative freedom and breadth of genres inherent in European era Enlightenment was not enough in Russia.
Russian literature throughout the 18th century developed under the influence of European literature, lagging behind it by about 100 years and passing through the following stages:
- early XVIII century- panegyric, hagiographic literature,
- ser. XVIII century- classicism, sentimentalism (Lomonosov, Karamzin, Radishchev),
- to. XVIII century- the dominance of sentimentalism, preparation for romanticism.
« Golden age» domestic literature. In the history of Russian literature XIX century, many names have been inscribed that have received world recognition: A. Pushkin, N. Gogol, L. Tolstoy, A. Chekhov. During this period, the formation of the Russian literary language, such literary trends as sentimentalism, romanticism, critical realism, writers and poets master new literary forms and tricks. Unprecedented heights reaches dramaturgy and the art of satire.
The development of romanticism (until the 1840s) and realism (from the 1850s to the end of the century), from the 1890s the directions of the Silver Age develop. The most important functions of literature are considered critical, moral-formative, socio-political, the most important genre is the novel. Romantics: Lermontov, Pushkin, realists: Gogol, Turgenev, Leo Tolstoy, Chekhov.
Russian literature of the 20th century is represented by three brightest periods: the era " silver age"with its contradictions and innovations, the military era, with its deep patriotism, and the huge period of the second half of the century, when socialist realism flourished.
- In the beginning. XX century romanticism is being revived - for the poeticization of revolutionary events.
- 30-40s of the XX century- the active intervention of the party in culture leads to the stratification of writers. Some in exile develop realistic genre, others create in social realism (a direction that draws working man on the road to communism).
- 40-50s of the middle of the XX century- "trench", lieutenant or military prose. realistic image war of 1941-45, where the author is an eyewitness to the events.
- 60-80s of XX century- the period of the "thaw", the development of "village" prose.
- 90s years of the end of the 20th century- avant-garde, post-Soviet realism, gravitation towards "darkness" - intentionally exaggerated cruelty, obsceneness.
Foreign literature
Foreign literature originates in Greece during the period of antiquity and becomes the basis for all existing types of literature. Formed the principles artistic creativity Aristotle.
With the advent of Christianity, church texts spread, all medieval literature Europe (IV-XIII centuries) - the processing of church texts, and the Renaissance (from the XIV century, Dante, Shakespeare, Rabelais) - their rethinking and repulsion from the church, the creation of secular literature.
The literature of the Enlightenment is the chanting of the human mind. Sentimentalism, romanticism (Rousseau, Diderot, Defoe, Swift).
XX century - modernism and postmodernism. The chanting of the mental, sexual in man (Proust, Hemingway, Marquez).
Literary criticism
Criticism is an organic and inseparable part of everything literary art in general, and a critic must definitely have a bright talent as a writer and publicist. Truly well written critical articles can make the reader look at a previously read work from a completely new angle, make completely new conclusions and discoveries, and can even radically change their assessments and judgments on a particular topic.
Literary criticism has close links with modern life society, with its experiences, philosophical and aesthetic ideals of a certain era, contributes to the development of literary creative process, and has a powerful influence on the formation of public consciousness.
Literary directions
Unity creative features writers who create within a certain historical period, commonly called literary direction, a variation of which can be separate currents and movement. The use of identical artistic techniques, the similarity of worldview and life priorities, close aesthetic views allow us to attribute a number of masters to specific branches of literary Art XIX-XX centuries.
Literature (from the Latin litera - letter, writing) is an art form in which the main means of figurative reflection of life is the word.
Fiction is a kind of art capable of revealing the phenomena of life in the most multifaceted and broad way, showing them in motion and development.
As the art of the word, fiction originated in oral folk art. Songs, folk epic tales became its sources. The word is an inexhaustible source of knowledge and an amazing means for creating artistic images. In the words, in the language of any people, its history, its character, the nature of the Motherland are imprinted, the wisdom of centuries is concentrated. living word rich and lavish. It has many shades. It can be formidable and affectionate, inspire horror and give hope. No wonder the poet Vadim Shefner said this about the word:
With a word you can kill, with a word you can save, With a word you can lead the shelves behind you. The word can be sold and betrayed and bought, The word can be poured into smashing lead.
1.2. Oral folk art and literature. Genres un.
1.3. Artistic image. Artistic time and space.
Artistic image is not only an image of a person (the image of Tatyana Larina, Andrei Bolkonsky, Raskolnikov, etc.) - it is a picture of human life, in the center of which is a specific person, but which includes everything that surrounds him in life. So, in a work of art, a person is depicted in relationships with other people. Therefore, here we can talk not about one image, but about many images.
Any image is an inner world that has fallen into the focus of consciousness. Outside images there is no reflection of reality, no imagination, no cognition, no creativity. The image can take sensual and rational forms. The image can be based on a person's fiction, it can be factual. Artistic image objectified in the form of both the whole and its separate parts.
Artistic image can expressively affect the senses and the mind.
It gives the maximum capacity of content, is able to express the infinite through the finite, it is reproduced and evaluated as a kind of integrity, even if created with the help of several details. The image can be sketchy, unfinished.
As an example of an artistic image, one can cite the image of the landowner Korobochka from Gogol's novel " Dead Souls". She was an older woman, thrifty, collecting rubbish. The box is extremely stupid and slow to think. However, she knows how to trade and is afraid to sell too cheap. This petty frugality, commercial efficiency puts Nastasya Petrovna above Manilov, who has no enthusiasm and knows neither good nor evil. The lady is very kind and caring. When Chichikov visited her, she treated him to pancakes, an unleavened egg pie, mushrooms, and cakes. She even offered to scratch the guest's heels for the night.
Instruction
This is also explained by the fact that the Slavic, created in the middle of the 9th century famous brothers Cyril and Methodius, was intended for the translation of sacred Christian texts. Church Slavonic, by definition, could not be the language in which secular fiction is created. For the same reason, in Old Russian, until the 17th century, there were neither fictional heroes and plots, nor descriptions of love experiences. Moreover, comic creations were completely absent (after all, laughter was considered a sinful occupation, distracting from prayers and pious reasoning).
The first surviving work is considered to be "The Word of Law and Grace", feathered Hilarion, Metropolitan of Kyiv. It was created, most likely, in the late 30s-40s of the 11th century (during the reign of Yaroslav the Wise). Beginning in the 12th century, a form of literature such as chronicle flourished. The most famous of them is The Tale of Bygone Years. According to most researchers, the first (edition) was compiled by the monk Nestor, the second edition by the monk Sylvester, and the author of the third edition remained unknown.
What is fiction? We learn about it from early childhood when mom reads a bedtime story. If we ask this question seriously and talk about literature in general, about its types and genres, then, of course, we will also remember scientific literature, and about documentary prose. Any person, even without a philological education, will be able to distinguish fiction from other genres. How?
Fiction: Definition
First, let's define what fiction is. As textbooks and reference books say, this is a kind of art that, with the help of a written word, expresses the consciousness of society, its essence, views, mood. It is thanks to books that we learn what people thought about in a given time period, how they lived, what they felt, how they talked, what they were afraid of, what values they had. You can read a history textbook and know the dates, but it is fiction that will describe in detail the life and life of people.
Fiction: features
To answer the question of what fiction is, you need to know that all books are divided into fiction and non-fiction. What's the Difference? Let us give examples of sentences from fiction.
“The moment I decided for myself that I didn’t want to be here to death, a lock rattled on the door behind me and Fred appeared tired after a night shift. He stared at strangers who filled his house with a terrible stink and unwound paper napkins everywhere ". This is an excerpt from Danny King's first book, Diary of a Robber. He shows us the main features of fiction - description and action. In fiction, there is always a hero - even if it is a story written in the first person, where it is as if the author himself falls in love, robs or travels. Well, without descriptions, too, nowhere, otherwise how can we understand in what kind of environment the heroes operate, what surrounds them, where they go. The description gives us the opportunity to imagine what the hero looks like, his clothes, his voice. And we form our own idea of the hero: we see him the way our imagination helps us to see him, together with the desire of the author. We draw a portrait, the author helps us. That's what fiction is.
Fiction or truth?
What conclusion do we come to? Fiction is fiction, these are heroes invented by the author, invented events, sometimes non-existent places. The writer is given complete freedom of action - he can do whatever he wants with his heroes: send him to the past or the future, to the ends of the earth, kill, resurrect, be offended, steal a million in a bank. If you dig deeper, then, of course, everyone understands that the heroes have prototypes. But often they are so far from book people that it is almost impossible to draw a parallel. The author can only borrow a manner of speaking, walking, describing a habit. It happens that a real man pushes the writer to create a hero and a book. So, Alice Lindell inspired Lewis Carroll to write the favorite book of many children "Alice in Wonderland", and one of the sons of Arthur and Sylvia Davis, friends of Barry James, became the prototype of Peter Pan. Even in historical novels the boundaries of fiction and truth are always blurred, what can we say about science fiction then? If we take an excerpt from a news feed, from a newspaper, we will know that these are facts. But if we read the same passage on the first page of the novel, it would never occur to us to believe in the reality of what is happening.
What is the purpose of fiction?
Literature teaches us. Since childhood, poems about Moidodyr teach us to observe hygiene, and the story about Tom Sawyer teaches us that a misdemeanor is followed by punishment. What does literature teach adults? For example, courage. Read secret story Vasily Bykov about two partisans - Sotnikov and Rybak. Sotnikov, sick, exhausted by a hard road, crippled during interrogations, steadfastly holds on to the last and even out of fear of death does not betray his comrades. And there is much to learn from the example of Rybak. Having betrayed his comrade and himself, he goes over to the side of the enemy, which he later regrets, but the way back is cut off, the way back is only through death. And, perhaps, he is more punished than the hanged comrade. Everything is like from childhood: without punishment there is no offense.
So, the goals of fiction are clearly defined: to show, using the example of heroes, how to act and how not to; tell about the time and place where events take place, and pass on the experience to the next generation.
De gustibus non est disputandum, or There is no dispute about tastes
Remember, at the end of each class before summer holidays did the teacher give us a list of fiction books from which we needed to read by September? And many suffered all summer, barely moving up this list. Indeed, reading what you do not like is simply not interesting. Everyone chooses for themselves - "one loves watermelon, the other pork cartilage," as Saltykov-Shchedrin said. If a person says that he does not like to read, he simply has not found his book. Someone likes to travel in time with science fiction writers, someone likes to solve crimes in detective novels, someone is thrilled by love scenes in novels. There is no single recipe, just as there is no author who would be liked by everyone and perceived equally by everyone, because we perceive fiction subjectively, based on our age, social status, emotional and moral component.
How many people - so many opinions?
The question of what fiction is can be answered in the following way: it is literature beyond time and place. It does not have clearly defined functions, like a dictionary or instruction manual. washing machine, but it has a more important function: it educates, criticizes, gives us a break from reality. Fiction books are ambiguous, they cannot be interpreted in the same way - this is not a recipe carrot cake when a dozen people follow the directions step by step and end up with the same cake. Everything here is purely individual. The book "Schindler's Ark" by author Keneally Thomas Michael cannot be assessed in the same way: someone will condemn the German who saved people, someone will keep this image in their hearts as an example of dignity and philanthropy.
