Shared observations - Sergey Tyncu
Of course, there are many more of them (breeds and hybrids). But if we talk about the main basic ones, or rather the first ones that came to mind, that is, the most frequently encountered by the author, then here they are, such as described below. It was easy to put several names under each of the items, but I would not want to give anyone a reason to be offended if the person himself sees and presents himself a little differently than the author. Therefore, we will leave the names for private conversations.
Teacher Wise
These seemingly modest ministers of the church of guitar perfection are perhaps the strictest judges for almost all guitarists. If only you knew how much their tired eyes have seen in this life and where their strong fingers did not run. The wise teachers who give private lessons know and can do everything, so against their background, any guitarist feels naked and imperfect. They look successful people. A stable income, no bosses, no need to go on tours and concerts, a loyal army of devoted fans from among the students, good opportunities to barter musical equipment to a kneeling flock. But often (not always, really) for many people in their speeches and their music there is so much boredom ... that such a teacher in your mind is no longer wise at all, but (cloudy? muddy? boring?) ...
Cheerful huckster
They love music very much and all their lives would like to work somewhere near the guitars. And they did it. Free schedule, good income, easy fuss with tools. My own boss. From the outside, it looks like an illustration to the painting "life is good." However, one should never idealize the existence of, for example, an elite prostitute... or a guitar huckster. Cons are everywhere. All these guys have bad karma. They sell different instruments- both good and bad. If we talk about the latter, then, using their sociability and good erudition to the fullest, they have to lie a lot and manipulate facts, giving out frank nonsense as truth, praising this or that log.
pop eagle
These guys are very good at playing and for the most part got decent music. education. As a rule, they lack one style and for themselves they prefer to cut fusion with elements of everything in the world. In other scenarios, they could become first-rate guitar stars, but ... “the institute exams session” is the traditional story that it is impossible to live on such music, so you need to get a job with the stars of Russian pop music, where they pay normally, and the content of the work itself does not cause no difficulty in terms of professional skills. Of course, there are not enough rich (and most importantly non-greedy) pop stars for everyone, so someone has to pull the strap of a hired laborer in domestic rock projects. Of course, the first years of work in our show business, they think that this is all temporary, that they will someday go to real music, will record an album and give themselves to art, breaking out of the vicious circle of “barge haulers on the Volga”. As a rule, none of this is realized, and if the album, in the end, does appear, then the number of its listeners is so small that "you cannot kindle the fire of joy on these firewood."
fashion blogger
Narrow profile specialist
Infinitely in love with a certain style - jazz, blues, reggae, flamenco, metal, etc. This person can be like a professional working in some musical project or educational institution, and just a frantic enthusiast who gladly dives to such depths that just to understand them, appropriate special training will be needed. It is impossible not to respect such enthusiastic people, even though they are not always understood and not always needed by others. But, of course, sometimes they can be envied - they found their passion, gave themselves to it and became happy.
Hungry junkie
inspiration and good mood this person receives at the time of buying a new guitar or amplifier. Most of my free time is devoted to shopping. This person always keeps track of domestic and Western flea markets. He is aware of all prices. He buys the most interesting guitars. There is only one trouble with these tools - after some time they cease to please and the body begins to ask for a new dose. Accordingly, such people are always in the business of worries. They need to have time to sell the old and buy a new one. Perpetual motion, Paganini would say about them. Very often, Hungry Addicts make hucksters. But not always, because in order to be successful in bare business, you need to focus on purchasing instruments that are popular on the market, and not on your personal taste, which more and more rare models are able to please.
family prisoner
This person can always be recognized by a slightly haunted sad look. The problem is that he always lacks everything. Money to buy dream instruments, time to play according to your wishes, talent to go out on high level craftsmanship, bottles of beer for a good mood. He seems to be trying his best and trying to grab both money and time, but family, work ... and as a result, relationships with the guitar, with all the love for it, are not in the first place, which makes them extremely upset. Sometimes such people manage to carve out an evening or two a week for rehearsals in the company of the same tortured prisoners of city life. Sometimes they even perform in public somewhere. But this is always so little that their hearts do not have time to be filled with happiness.
Reluctant Maniac
As a rule, this is already an elderly person with traces of sleepless nights and excesses of alcohol. He is covered in tattoos and hair, dressed like a real rock musician - you can't confuse him with anyone. Once upon a time, he decided that music is the main thing in his life. And since then, he has directed all his strength, means and thoughts only to music. He saves on everything, he does not have a decent job, there is no family. But there are constant rehearsals and attempts to climb up somewhere. And success seems to be constantly wandering around, and the sea of acquaintances have already become real musicians, and you are storming and storming your first height. Becoming a real pro, having regular concerts, going on tours and making a living with music does not work. But you do not give up and until old age you beat your head against doors that are closed to you. To admit to yourself that being a musician is not your thing, or that you can’t make music that is interesting for people - you have neither the strength nor desire for such confessions - you consider them weakness and betrayal. Your acquaintances have long been accustomed to the fact that you do not go to bars with them, because instead of a few mugs of beer you can buy new strings, time at the rehearsal space and other necessary things for a brighter future, in which no one but you believes.
Successful Pro
A successful pro is distinguished by two factors. He, firstly, plays music that he himself likes and to the creation of which he himself had a hand. And secondly, it is always full creative plans. He constantly lives in the future, with some projects and ideas, of which he has a wagon and a small cart. He has no financial problems to buy the necessary equipment, he has no problems with concerts. All the main life issues have been resolved and therefore he is all in creativity. He approaches instruments as paints with which he wants to express certain moments in his art.
high manager
These people do not work in music, but they managed to arrange everything in such a way that it is possible to pay enough attention to music. They do not climb to the top of Olympus. They just enjoy. They have a good source of income, they have time and money, they have associates, they have the opportunity to rehearse in pleasant conditions and occasionally perform, again not for money and fame, but simply for themselves and some of their friends. As a rule, they play quite decently and not every spectator will distinguish them from professionals. But it’s no coincidence that a high-flying manager is a manager - he has a good idea of what life is professional musician, the struggle for a place in the sun and other things. So he doesn't go there. Everything suits him anyway - he organized everything perfectly. And eat a fish and sit in a Bentley.
Tavern labukh
Music for such people is just a job. And not the most beloved. All your life you play the same other people's songs in front of a drinking, eating crowd. Few people, starting to study the guitar, dream of eventually getting into a tavern on a permanent basis in order to play “shizgara” until gray-haired mudey. However, in the end, not everyone has a choice. It cannot be said that playing covers in pubs is a very tragic lot. Not at all, especially if after this musical work you can drink half of the fee there. It even has its own romance. Very often, taverns have some interesting past. But they almost never have a future. Unless such work is something temporary, episodic, due to youth, etc. There is a sea of sad irony in all this - many musicians dream of getting into a tavern in order to have some kind of income, and many dream of breaking out of it.
brave young lady
Most people on planet Earth are firmly convinced that football and guitars are not at all women's activities. However, despite this smack of chauvinism point of view, there are many girls who, by personal example, are trying to prove their right to football and the guitar. We can say that these are brave young ladies, because they have to deal with social stereotypes. It cannot be said that the use of female hands in guitarism is such a hopeless undertaking. Women are in demand in show business. First, this women's groups of all calibers - from taverns to pop projects of the federal level, and, secondly, even if the group is not entirely female, the presence of a pretty girl on stage is always an element of attraction. Jeff Beck figured this out a long time ago. In general, there were always girls trying to play the guitar, although there were never many of them. Well, maybe one in five hundred guys with guitars.
session monster
Enthusiastic guys who have a huge fleet of guitars and gadgets. These "call men" can play almost any style, mixing different techniques like a dexterous bartender drinks in cocktails. Usually, these guys have very little time, because they are busy in dozens of different projects, and when not busy, they devote themselves to learning something new and unusual for themselves. Not all of these professionals are pleasant to listen to. It often happens that because of the versatility, some artistic value of their game suffers. But when you come across a really gifted musician, then his varied game you can really enjoy.
Optimistic "student"
This is the temporary state of a person who is all in the future. And his luck, and his failures - all this is yet to come. In the meantime, he is learning to play, creating bands, trying to compose his first material, happily trying out new guitars and gaining fresh knowledge of the big rock and roll showbiz. Of course, such a person is full of optimism, because if you do not believe in success and a bright future, then why even get down to business. Of course, as statistics show, 99% of such optimists will not achieve anything musically interesting and significant. But on the other hand, there will remain positive memories of how you and your friends once made a group a long time ago and tried to build a project.
Comes from childhood
Once upon a time, in their youth, they seriously sat on guitarism. And then they grew up, started some adulthood. But music remained in their lives. And the guitar is still at home, having moved into the category of male hobbies somewhere next to “drink beer” and “watch football” on Fridays after work. That is, without excessive fanaticism. Occasionally and purely for the soul. You can call it a habit. Of course, they continue to follow the guitar world, communicate with fellow guitar hobbies, and even attend some guitar concerts, and even master classes. But there is no passion in it. You can call it retired guitarism. Very often, the guitar hobby simply closes some kind of emptiness in life and the fear of being alone with the ordinary. The guitar in this case acts as a lifeline and close friend, to which a person does not turn so often, but is quite effective in terms of beneficial influence on state of mind. Let's be honest, the lives of so many people are pretty boring things; the guitar in this case is a way to escape and brighten up this boredom. Why not?
Sometimes, watching the performance of some band or enjoying our favorite composition, we pay attention only to the vocalist-frontman and completely forget about other musicians, namely the guitarists. And they play in the work of groups no less important role. The best guitarists in the world have long been legendary. This article will focus on them.
Blues 20-30s
The best guitarists in the world in these areas of music are quite famous. Next, we will try to highlight the most bright musicians out of a huge number of deserving ones. If we are talking about the blues of the 20-30s of the last century, then virtuoso musician no doubt is Robert Johnson. Some people seriously believed that in exchange for his skill, he made a deal with the Devil. However, most consider this story just a romantic fiction. But both agree that Johnson's genius cannot be denied. It was thanks to his work that first the blues, and then rock and roll, became what they are now.
The best guitarists in the world for the next decades
If we consider jazz, the guitar has always been considered an accompanying instrument. It was. However, the blues was in for a revolution. One of the first musicians to make this breakthrough is Blind Blake. The game of this master of improvisations and his technique are still considered by many to be the standard. However, time passed, and new characters appeared on the scenes. The most jazzy of all bluesmen is BB King. His signature branding and vibrato made him the king of the blues. Subsequently, his work in one way or another touched everyone who picked up the electric guitar.
Rock'n'roll
The piercing sadness of blues compositions is clearly reflected by the saying: "Blues is when it's bad for a good person." However, people are not always sad. Perhaps the very first musician who managed to convey his good mood with the help of a guitar was Chuck Berry. It was this kind of music that was later called rock and roll. Musicians actively use his guitar moves and ideas even now. Berry's ironic story songs made him a rock and roll poet.
The best rock guitarists in the world
Rock is the successor to the blues and rock and roll. Many people consider one of the founders of this direction Jimi Hendrix A. Almost no publication in the field of the history of rock music can do without mentioning him. - the best guitarist in the world according to Time. When his father gave him a guitar for $5 as a gift, he hardly thought that this determined not only the future of his son, but also the future of music in general. Many guitarists consider Hendrix their mentor and teacher. His simply virtuoso guitar technique was not an end in itself. She was just a means by which the musician conveyed his emotions. His perception of the world has turned into unique melodies. Jimmy put some kind of cosmic meaning into literally every note. Many still consider his game not just a skill, but the secret of a magician.
Hard rock and metal
The following decades can be considered the era of hard rock and metal music. Many the best guitarists the world played precisely in these directions. You can choose for a long time, but let's focus on those musicians whose names have actually become synonymous with these styles. One of them is This man had no choice but to become the best. When his father bought Richie a guitar, he said that if he did not learn to play, then it would be broken on his head. Blackmore Jr. had to learn. Yes, and how. This guitarist has gone down in history forever. His playing style and riffs have become reference and classic. Many aspiring guitarists try to copy Blackmore's style.
Another icon is the "teacher of the stars" Joe Satriani. Many of the recognized masters learned to play from him. Satriani is considered the teacher of such gurus as Steve Vai, Alex Skolnick, Charlie Hunter, David Bryson, Larry LaLonde, and many others. Joe's performance is simply flawless. His virtuoso techniques, various chips and unexpected harmonies delighted not only the audience, but also his colleagues.
bassists
Sound at low frequencies has long been considered male music. That's why big interest call the best bass players in the world. The magazine, according to a survey of its readers, recognized the musician as such bands The Who by John Entwistle. Paul McCartney and James Jamerson are also considered masters of brutal bass notes.
lead guitar
The best solo guitarists in the world are whole list virtuosos and recognized gurus. One of the great masters of the guitar solo is Ritchie Blackmore, who has already been discussed above. He reached the top in this area after deep purple when he created the Rainbow collective. The musician's solos became slower and more thoughtful. They had so much philosophy and meaning that it is very difficult to find another such master. One of the best solo guitarists can also be called Kirk Hammett.
Modern virtuosos
To date, one of the most brilliant and brilliant masters of the guitar is John Petrucci. He plays progressive metal. His music is unusually complex in technical and compositional terms. The virtuosity of a musician sometimes makes one wonder if there are limits to human capabilities? Judging by the game of the master, they simply do not exist. Some gurus, whom the musician considered his idols, today consider it an honor to play next to him.
Once Joe Pass, who is considered a great improviser, said that the electric guitar was invented not so long ago that people could fully know all its possibilities as musical instrument. These words are still relevant today. Each subsequent generation of musicians opens up new possibilities for this instrument.
Many of those who wish to learn how to play such a musical instrument as the guitar dream of becoming world famous one day and winning the hearts of fans, performing high-quality and memorable music. Despite the fact that playing the guitar is quite difficult, this particular instrument has become one of the most famous in the world. You can hear guitar chords not only at concerts, but also on the streets, in small companies in nature, etc. Each of the musicians who have achieved world famous and recognition, has come a very long and thorny path. A lot of strength and patience was spent, a huge will and desire for their goal was shown. Not without love for their fans and, of course, the instrument.
Since there are several types of guitars in total, it is necessary to talk about the best musicians that beginners will be equal to separately. Make up one common list it is simply impossible, because each guitarist has his own, distinctive style of playing, which many will not even be able to repeat. Who are they, the most famous guitarists peace? Surely many will be interested to know who is included in the conditional list of the most famous guitarists in Russia.
Legends of the music world
All famous bass players of our time have heard the name of one of the the best people who played this instrument. This is Paul McCartney. His history as a bass player began under the following circumstances: he often replaced bassist Stuart Sutcliffe when he took the place of guitarist in Lennon's band. However, when the unlucky bass player left the band completely, Paul had to take his place and "work" with the instrument seriously. At first, he was very dissatisfied with the situation and constantly grumbled. However, time passed, and soon he was rightfully recognized as one of the greatest musicians.
The not-too-famous but very talented musician Jaco Pastorius should be included in the category of "famous bass players". This great person did so much for the musical world that among professionals it is even customary to separate two time periods - before Jaco and after him. No modern music critic can give precise definition Jaco's style of play. His improvement and "throwing" from style to style, excellent success in playing the bass guitar, and to this day remains visual aid for many musicians. In addition, this man of genius recorded a solo album, which was twice a Grammy nominee, and after many years continues to wear honorary title"The best album among bass players."
What is worth knowing about the classics?
It's pretty hard to start compiling a list of famous classical guitarists. There are many people who have dedicated their lives, and each of them is worthy of respect and glory. Therefore, we can mention many guitar classics, whose names, perhaps, someone will see for the first time. But this is a great chance to get acquainted with the life history, merits and work of each of them in more detail. They are Matteo Carcassi, Fernando Carulli, Dionisio Aguado, Tarrega Eixea Francisco, Andrés Segovia, Emilio Pujol, Augustin Barrios, Maria Luisa Anido, Codina Jose Broca, Ferranti Marc Aurelius de Zanni, Bartolome Calatayud, Angel S. Villoldo, Legnani Luigi, Heitor Vila -Lobos, Mauro Giuliani, Fernando Sor.
Of the contemporaries, the following names should be noted: John Williams Julian Brim, Leo Brouwer, Vladimir Mikula, Ernesto Bitetti, Jose Maria Gallardo Del Rey, Roland Diens, Katsuhito Yamashita, Manuel Barrueco, Pepe Romero. This is not the whole list, but the most famous classical guitarists who made a huge contribution to music.
Famous names in solo play
As for the category "Famous solo guitarists", here we should focus on the representatives of rock music. It is in it that quite often musicians can express themselves in full glory.
The first place without a drop of doubt should be given to Ritchie Blackmore. Each of his works is filled with incredible mysticism and deep philosophy. Moreover, over time, his creations became more and more slow and thoughtful. This unique person made the works of such bands as Blackmore's Night, Rainbow, Deep Purple incredible. Bravo, Richie!
Second place can be shared by David Gilmour and Kirk Hammett. These people have an incredible talent that not only gives you goosebumps from musical works but also to truly enjoy their work. Two famous bands – Pink Floyd and Metallica are honored to have such guitarists.
In fact, famous lead guitarists make up quite an extensive list. In it, each of the musicians must be given their due place. Perhaps there will not be enough books to perpetuate their names. Among them are Jimmy Page, Eddie Van Halen, Carlos Santa, Tony Iomy, Pete Townshend, Gary Moore, Eric Clapton and many others.
Popular people from different directions
The most famous jazz guitarist, according to most publications and music critics- Django Reinhardt. He is one of the first European musicians who was imbued with an unusual style of playing. Another famous jazz guitarist is Charlie Christian.
The most famous rock guitarist of all time (although looking at his virtuoso playing, it's not just rock) is Jimi Hendrix. This legendary man is recognized as such not only for incredible pirouettes with the instrument, but also for the naturalness and pleasure that he received and gave to all his listeners.
Eric Clapton, Brian May, George Harrison, Dwayne Allman, Angus Young - each of them is a great and very famous rock guitarist who rightfully deserves such a title.
All the people mentioned above are the most famous guitarists in the world who have done what many cannot do. contemporary musicians. We must not forget that this is not the whole list, which is worth reading.
By the way, the most famous guitarists of Russia also deserve special attention of listeners and readers. Among them, the most significant are Alexey Kuznetsov, Dmitry Maloletov, Dmitry Chetvergov, Igor Boyko, Valery Didyulya, Viktor Zinchuk, Sergey Mavrin, Vladimir Kuzmin, Ivan Smirnov and others.
Learning to play the guitar is half the battle. In order to masterfully play a stringed instrument, you need real talent and constant practice.
And some in this business have succeeded so much that they have shown truly phenomenal results. Who exactly can bear the title of the fastest guitarist in the world?
The fastest composition - "Flight of the Bumblebee"
The famous composition "Flight of the Bumblebee" was not heard only by the lazy. The orchestral interlude was written by the famous Russian composer Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov especially for the opera The Tale of Tsar Saltan in 1899-1900."Flight of the Bumblebee" from Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov's opera "The Tale of Tsar Saltan"
If you carefully study the opera, then the phrase "Flight of the Bumblebee" will not be found there at all. However, this name was firmly hooked on the music. Musicians say that this work is distinguished by incredibly fast performance. And the main task of the artist is to play with great speed. And it's no surprise that guitarists train to play this particular composition in order to develop their skills. And here is who especially excelled in execution.
The fastest guitarist in Russia
Russian musician Viktor Zinchuk entered the Guinness Book of Records in 2002. He was the first to receive the title of the fastest guitarist in the world. The record for his speed on a stringed instrument is 20 notes per second. And he showed such a result in 2001, playing exactly the interlude “Flight of the Bumblebee” in just 24 seconds. The speed of his game averages 270 sounds per minute.Virtuoso musician Viktor Zinchuk, who also works as a composer and arranger, has a number of regalia. He is a laureate of international festivals and competitions, he was awarded the prestigious titles of the Golden Guitar of Russia and Honored Artist of Russia, he has an order "For Service to Art" in his piggy bank. And that is not all. He is also an Honorary Master and Associate Professor International Academy Sciences of the Republic of San Marino.
The musician's work, by the way, cannot be attributed to a particular style or genre. He plays different directions– from fusion to hard rock. In addition, it combines a variety of playing techniques and instruments.
The composer's collection of games is truly impressive. He has about three dozen rare stringed instruments. He brought almost everything from various tours. This is a Bolivian solid wood guitar, a Celtic harp, a zither, and an Irish bouzouki. And the leaders of the world market of musical instruments, namely American company Fender and Japanese Ibanes each year present their best guitars and guitar equipment. Such gifts are delivered to him as a sign international recognition his talent.
"Flight of the Bumblebee" by virtuoso guitarist Viktor Zinchuk
It is worth noting that Viktor Zinchuk plays with only nine fingers, not all ten. The musician has a non-working little finger on right hand. The artist broke his finger while playing football. However, the composer insured his valuable hands with an insurance company for 500 thousand dollars.
The fastest guitarist combines playing instruments with playing football. The artist plays for a team of show business stars, despite the once injured finger. And he evaluates his entry into the international Guinness Book of Records as “pampering” and “ circus number". He repeatedly stated this in his interviews. According to him, he set the record as a joke and does not take it seriously.
The fastest guitarist
However, there is another virtuoso guitarist who is ready to enter into a fair fight with Viktor Zinchuk. Brazilian musician Thiago Della Vega set another record and broke it himself. This happened thanks to the diligence and diligence of the guitarist. Therefore, even in his youth, Thiago became a leader and was recorded in the Guinness Book of Records. 
Thiago Della Viga was born in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. And the young man became interested in music in early childhood. At the age of five, he already learned to play the guitar. Over time, Thiago realized that the passion for the electric guitar smoothly flows into passion. Therefore, the musical instrument began to pay more and more attention.
The guitarist began to play the strings for several hours a day. And already through a short time achieve phenomenal speed. He demonstrated his abilities and capabilities in the groups AfterDark and Fermatha.
Thiago Della Vega - the fastest guitarist playing "Flight of the Bumblebee"
And already in 2008, Thiago played “Flight of the Bumblebee” at a record fast pace - 320 sounds per minute. A few years later, the record was broken by the American John Taylor. He performed "Flight of the Bumblebee" at 600 sounds per minute. In 2011, the musician beat his and new record, and played the same song at a tempo now of 750 beats per minute. Immediately after this, Thiago was entered into the Guinness Book of Records as the most virtuoso guitarist in the world. But the master does not stop there. He continues to improve the game and keep the prestigious title.
By the way, now Thiago is traveling around different countries world and conducts special seminars for their colleagues. In his lessons, he plays a seven-string guitar, which has 24 frets and is equipped with a Floyd Rose tremolo, the Andrellis TDV movement.
The fastest guitarist in the world
However, Thiago was left far behind, however, the new record has not yet been officially recorded. If the Brazilian manages to play 24 notes per second, then the Ukrainian Sergey Putyatov mastered 30 notes per second.First, a native of Donetsk was able to play 27 notes per second, and a little later he surpassed himself and performed 300 notes on an electric guitar in less than 10 seconds. Immediately after the demonstration of his abilities, Sergey was awarded a certificate, which confirms his absolute championship in Ukraine. Interview with the fastest Ukrainian guitarist
Now Sergei Putyatov's record is not officially registered, but the musician wants to get into the Guinness Book of Records by all means. By the way, he has already submitted an application there and is waiting for the commission's visit. In the meantime, he ends each of his performances with a demonstration of a super game on the guitar.
The successes of the guitarists can only be envied, all the records left to be recorded in the Book of Records. In our next article, you can read about the most expensive guitars in the world, because without an instrument, it's just a person with musical ability, and with a guitar - a musician.
Subscribe to our channel in Yandex.Zen
Seven-string classic-body guitar modeled after the late 19th century in mahogany, maple, wenge and spruce
Ways of development of guitar art in Russia are peculiar and original. Being a five-string guitar, it was brought to Russia by Italian musicians in the 18th century, but it did not become widespread, remaining an exotic decoration. Later, in early XIX century, the Russian public gets acquainted with the "Spanish" six-string guitar, which by that time had become quite popular in Europe. It was introduced in Russia by well-known foreign musicians-guitarists M. Giuliani, F. Sor and others.
victory in Patriotic war 1812 greatly accelerated the growth of national consciousness, caused a rise in patriotic feelings and sentiments in all sectors of society. There is a growing interest in the historical past of the Motherland, in folk art in particular to folk songs. Urban romance is gaining wide popularity. Based on everyday folklore, he represents a kind of layer of Russian musical culture with a characteristic structure and melos, with expressive means inherent only to him.
Academician B. Asafiev wrote about this in his work “ musical form as a process”: “Psychological realism with its analysis of personal spiritual life did not yet exist, romantics did not yet rage, putting forward a culture of feeling, and the masses were already eager to hear“ simple speech”and heartfelt and exciting melody; for the domination of nepotism, sensitivity, the cult of “simple morals” of simple-hearted people and “domesticity”, tenderness before nature, quiet contemplation was approaching. The intonations corresponding to all this evoked in the music romance melos, sincere, cordial; both words and melody for the most part not pretending to a long development, they were fanned by a single intonation system - “sounding from heart to heart” 1 .
Appeared in last decade In the 18th century, the seven-string guitar, with its harmonic structure and timbre coloring, turned out to be very close to the nature of Russian folk songs and the genre of urban romance that arose on its basis. Its use to accompany the voice made it possible to most subtly reveal the lyricism of intimate experiences that make up the main theme of urban romance. The best works of this genre, created by A. Alyabyev, A. Varlamov, Titovs and other talented composers, entered the golden fund of Russian music.
Russian musicians, realizing what great possibilities lie in the seven-string guitar, begin to create a solo repertoire for it as well. First, they transcribe for her excerpts from popular operas and other works by Russian and foreign composers. Then they create variational cycles, quite complex in texture and concert in nature, based on folk melodies. (As a striking example, let's name A. Sychra's variation cycle on the theme of the Russian song "Among the Flat Valley".) In addition to variations, miniatures are created, elegant and melodic, touching the soul of a simple Russian person. There are also attempts to create large form, in particular the sonata, concerto for guitar and orchestra.
Andrey Osipovich Sikhra
Russian virtuoso guitarist and composer Andrey Osipovich Sikhra (1773-1850)
The extraordinary popularity of the seven-string guitar attracted talented musicians. An outstanding role in the creation of the national guitar school belongs to Andrey Osipovich Sikhra. A wonderful virtuoso guitarist, a talented composer, he is undoubtedly the founder of the Russian school of playing the seven-string guitar.
A. Sikhra was born in 1773 in Vilna (now Vilnius) in the family of a music teacher. In his youth he gave concerts as a harpist, played six-string guitar. Then he became interested in the seven-string guitar, which he devoted his whole life to. In 1801, the musician moved to Moscow, where he began to create a repertoire for the seven-string guitar and study with his first students.
Sychra, a talented musician, friendly and charming person, soon became the idol of numerous students and admirers.
After the expulsion of Napoleon from Russia, Sykhra moved to St. Petersburg, which he did not leave until the end of his life (he died in 1850). Here he, already a mature musician and teacher, creates his own school of playing the seven-string guitar...
A. Sikhra was not only a talented, but also a highly educated musician. He was highly valued by M. Glinka, A. Dargomyzhsky, A. Varlamov, A. Dubyuk, D. Field and many other figures of national culture. famous singer O. Petrov studied guitar with Sychra. Russian Biographical Dictionary historical society called Sychra "the patriarch of Russian guitarists". Of his students, the most famous are S. Aksenov, N. Alexandrov, V. Morkov, V. Sarenko, V. Svintsov.
If Sichra was recognized as the head of the St. Petersburg school of the seven-string guitar with its characteristic strict "academic" style, then Mikhail Timofeevich Vysotsky is rightfully considered the founder of the Moscow school, whose life and work is another page in the history of Russian guitar art.
Among the students of Vysotsky, the most famous were P. Beloshein, A. Vetrov, I. Lyakhov, M. Stakhovich and others.
The era of Sichra and Vysotsky is the "golden age" of the Russian seven-string guitar. Its wide dissemination contributed to the democratization of musical art.
Variation cycles of Russian guitarists-composers are created on the basis of Russian folk songs. This unique layer of Russian musical culture is an important source for the study of folklore.
The Russian seven-string guitar, which sounded in the hands of talented musicians, inspired poets and writers to create beautiful lines of poetry.
A. Pushkin called the guitar "sweet-voiced". Words full of lyricism dedicated to this instrument can also be found in M. Lermontov, A. Fet, I. Bunin, A. Grigoriev, L. Tolstoy, A. Ostrovsky, M. Gorky.
The guitar is depicted in many paintings by Russian and Western European artists: V. Tropinin, V. Perov, I. Repin, An. Watteau, B. Murillo, Fr. Khalsa, P. Picasso and others.
IN mid-nineteenth century, interest in the guitar is falling not only in Russia, but also in Europe. However, in the late XIX - early XX centuries, the seven-string guitar begins to reassert itself. This was largely facilitated by the activities of enthusiastic musicians who tried to restore the traditions of Sichra and Vysotsky. The most famous of them were A. Solovyov and V. Rusanov.
Outstanding Russian guitarist and teacher Alexander Petrovich Solovyov (1856-1911)
Alexander Petrovich Solovyov(1856-1911) - a prominent performer and teacher. He brought up many gifted students, such as V. Rusanov, V. Uspensky, V. Yuryev, V. Berezkin and others; created the School (published in 1896), which was the best at that time.
Valerian Alekseevich Rusanov(1866-1918) - a famous historiographer and promoter of the Russian seven-string guitar. He organized the publication of the all-Russian magazine "Guitarist" (1904-1906).
In the period after the Great October Socialist Revolution, M. Ivanov, V. Yuryev, V. Sazonov, R. Meleshko did a lot to popularize the seven-string guitar. They created schools and tutorials for this instrument, original compositions, adaptations and transcriptions, compiled numerous collections. M, Ivanov wrote the book "Russian seven-string guitar". These musicians constantly performed as soloists and accompanists in concerts, recorded on gramophone records.
IN post-war years a new generation of seven-string guitar players has grown up, which worthily continues the rich traditions of the national performing school. Among them: V. Vavilov, B. Okunev, B. Kim, S. Orekhov, A. Agibalov. During this time, the repertoire of the seven-string guitar was replenished with works by composers N. Chaikin, B. Strannolyubsky, N. Narimanidze, N. Rechmensky, G. Kamaldinov, L. Birnov and others.
Nowadays, there is a growing interest in the world in the Russian seven-string guitar. We express the hope that further history of this beautiful original musical instrument new glorious pages will be inscribed.
Notes
1 Asafiev B. Musical form as a process. 2nd ed. L., 1971, p. 257.
