The federal examination in literature is included in number of Unified State Exams optionally. In those days, when students and their parents did not have the slightest idea about such a form of final examination as literature, literature was one of the compulsory final examinations at school. Then it was submitted in the form of an essay, and the mark on the certificate was given in two subjects at once: literacy influenced, and stylistics influenced literature.
Today this Unified State Exam can hardly be called popular: literature is needed only by those eleventh graders who enroll as philologists, linguists, or teachers of Russian language and literature, and these professions, unfortunately, are not considered. Many students believe that this Unified State Exam can be passed in a hurry, without devoting much time to labor-intensive preparation, having only gone to residual knowledge and the ability to express thoughts coherently.
However, preparing for the literature test will require significant time and effort, especially if your goal is to pass it with a grade of “four” or “five.” Let's find out what innovations in KIM 2017 were prepared by specialists from, when the literature will be handed in and what you should pay special attention to when preparing for this Unified State Exam.
Demo version of the Unified State Exam-2017
Unified State Examination dates in literature
Specialists from Rosobrnadzor have reserved the following days for this exam:
- Early period. The early examination will be held on March 24, 2017, with April 3, 2017 set aside as a reserve day. Let us also recall the list of persons who can write an application for the Unified State Exam in early period. These students include: those who are going to go abroad for study or permanent residence, participants in international or all-Russian shows, competitions, olympiads or sports competitions, students who were ordered to undergo rehabilitation, therapeutic or preventive procedures during the main examination. Schoolchildren who graduated from a general education institution before 2016/2017 can also take the Unified State Exam early. school year, students who studied at evening school, and young men who first want to pass and only then enter a university;
- Main stage. The main exam will be held on June 13, 2017.
- Reserve date. The reserve day for literature is June 20, 2017 (just in case, there is another reserve day for all subjects - June 30, 2017).
By the way, if you belong to the category of students who are able and willing to take the exam before the main deadline, do not forget that the application will need to be submitted before March 1, 2017. Otherwise, you will have to take the exam along with the main wave of graduates.
Statistical information
It is worth noting that the number of children who choose literature as a variable Unified State Examination is growing from year to year. For example, in 2016 the number of such examinees was 43.5 thousand people, which is 6 thousand more than in 2015. Statistics also indicate an increase in the number of graduates who managed to pass the test with the highest test score.
According to statistics, big number schoolchildren pass literature successfully Thus, in 2016, 256 hundred-point works were identified, which is 26 more than in 2015. Minimum threshold Only 4.3% of students could not overcome the score of 32 points, and this is much better than the results of previous years (5.3% and 8% in 2015 and 2014, respectively). On average, the results for 2016 are as follows:
- 43.5% of the guys received from 41 to 60 points for their work;
- 44.3% of students managed to score from 61 to 100 points.
How does the Unified State Exam in Literature work?
You will be able to work with the exam paper for 235 minutes. Let us remind you that the Unified State Examination in literature does not provide for the use of any additional items or reference materials. Check your pockets in advance for mobile phone, remove the smart watch from your wrist and under no circumstances try to carry cheat sheets with you. Any equipment with hints will be confiscated at the entrance to the classroom - each graduate passes through a metal detector before the exam begins.
There is video surveillance in the classroom, and about 20 thousand observers will keep order at the Russian Unified State Examination, who have been given strict instructions: anyone who violates the exam regulations must be removed from the audience! When you enter the classroom and take your assigned seat, you should not engage in conversation with your neighbors, stand up, or leave the classroom without permission. To visit the restroom or first aid station, you will need to contact observers who are required to accompany you to your destination.
Passing this Unified State Exam does not require the use of reference materials. Structure of KIM Unified State Exam-2017 in literature
The latest information regarding innovations in the 2017 Unified State Examination in Literature indicated that this exam will soon consist only of creative tasks. This fact is confirmed by the leaders of the educational sector of the Russian Federation - Olga Vasilyeva, who holds the post of Minister of Education and Science, and Sergei Zinin, who heads the Federal Commission for the Development of the Unified State Exam in Literature.
The new exam model was developed in March 2016 and even managed to be tested by schoolchildren from six dozen educational institutions. In the new CIMs, tasks involving a short answer will be completely eliminated, the number of tasks involving multiple choice will be increased, and the requirements for. The structure of the exam will presumably be divided into three main blocks:
- the first, in which you will need to demonstrate your skills in analyzing works;
- the second - assuming that the student will show his ability to use visual and expressive means;
- the third is an essay on one of five topics, which involve an in-depth analysis of the work and its main problems.
However, the Class of 2017 can breathe easy. This model will come into force only in 2018. At the moment, it was decided that promising CMMs will first be finalized and posted on the FIPI portal for demonstration, and only then the methodological council will make a final decision. In general, the structure of the 2017 ticket has not undergone significant changes. The ticket consists of 17 tasks, divided into two parts:
- part 1, including two sets of tasks. The first of them will combine fragments of epic, lyric and dramatic works with questions to them. For the first 7 tasks, students will have to give a short answer, and for another 2 - a detailed answer of 5-10 sentences. The second set of tasks assumes that the graduate will solve 5 more tasks in which he will analyze a lyrical work. For tasks numbered 10 to 14, you will need to give a short answer, and numbers 15-16 require a detailed answer;
- Part 2 is an essay of at least 200 words on one of the three proposed topics.
Don't underestimate the importance of an essay - you need to prepare well for it! We also note that FIPI recommends wisely distributing the time allotted for examination work. For the first part of the ticket, you should allocate no more than 120 minutes from the total time allotted for the Unified State Exam, and devote the remaining time to writing an essay.
Assessing the Unified State Exam based on literature
In 2009, it was decided that the points received for the Unified State Exam do not affect the student’s certification mark and are not translated into the usual scale from two to five. However, from 2017, the national exam may become an opportunity to improve the grade given school teacher. When translating the Unified State Exam assessment system into a five-point system, the picture will look like this:
- scores in the range from 0 to 31 mean that the student is not prepared for the exam and receives a mark of “2”;
- scores in the range from 32 to 54 mean that the student is satisfactorily prepared for the literature exam and receives a mark of “3”;
- scores in the range from 55 to 66 mean that the student knows literature well and receives a grade of “4”;
- scores in the range from 67 to 100 mean that the student prepared perfectly and receives a well-deserved “5”.
You can view the points earned on the Unified State Exam in Literature on the official Unified State Exam portal. To do this, the student will need to log in by entering the data from his passport.
Preparation for the Unified State Exam in Literature
In order to properly prepare for the exam in this subject, it is worth starting to study in advance demo versions of CIMs, which have already been developed by representatives of FIPI. You can download a demo CMM on our website (see the beginning of the article). This approach will orient you to the approximate content of the ticket, help you identify your weak points and prepare you psychologically for the real Unified State Exam. This attitude is very important, because many students make stupid mistakes simply from stress and tension.
When preparing for the 2017 exam, it is important to study demo versions of the Unified State Examination Remember the importance of preparing for writing the essay in the second part of the KIM. Check out the topics that were offered to graduates last year and try to write an essay on each of these topics. Stock up on literature manuals recommended by the Ministry of Education and read criticism of works from the recommended bibliography.
Experts note the importance of general erudition and erudition, which will help to substantiate the expressed opinion. Moreover, as an argument it is necessary to cite at least two examples from different works. In general, when writing this part of the Unified State Exam, it is recommended to adhere to the following approach:
- first you should read all the proposed topics and determine which of them is the most successful for expressing your thoughts;
- try to find a suitable epigraph. It is not required, but knowing the quotes that are accurate and appropriate in context makes the work more advantageous. Remember that it is recommended to write the epigraph without using quotation marks, and place the author’s last name in brackets;
- think through the key aspects of the topic, the main questions, answers and evidence for your point of view. Write your abstract on a draft;
- Write down suitable quotations from the works. But don't get carried away with quoting. It is advisable that each quote include no more than 2-3 small sentences; (0 ratings)
Which we compiled on the basis of isolated tasks from the open bank FIPI.
A Word about Igor's Campaign
How does the author’s attitude towards the characters and events appear in “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign”?
Griboyedov
8. What gives grounds to assert that Repetilov acts as a parody “double” of Chatsky?
8. Why did A.S. Pushkin consider the language of comedy to be a special achievement of the playwright Griboyedov?
8. How does it relate to real events plays a dream invented by Sophia?
8. Who is Chatsky: an “extra” person or a person who has not found his place in life? (Based on the comedy “Woe from Wit” by A.S. Griboedov.)
9. Which works of Russian classics describe the dreams of heroes and how can they be compared with the dream of the heroine of A.S. Griboyedov’s play? (Give 2–3 examples indicating the authors.)
9. In what works of Russian classics are the main characters accompanied by their “doubles” and in what ways can these works be compared with Griboyedov’s play?
What is unique about Chatsky’s conflict with Famus society? (Based on the comedy “Woe from Wit” by A.S. Griboedov.)
What is unique about the ending of A.S.’s comedy? Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"?
What gives reason to consider A.S. Griboedov’s play “Woe from Wit” as a tragicomedy?
What allowed M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin to call Molchalin one of the most terrible figures in Russian society? (Based on the play “Woe from Wit” by A.S. Griboyedov.)
Why do Famusov and Chatsky pronounce the largest and most meaningful monologues in the play? (Based on the comedy by A.S. Griboedov “Woe from Wit.”)
Why is Sophia, the heroine of A.S. Griboedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit,” in the author’s words, “a girl who is not stupid herself, prefers a fool to an intelligent man”?
Why in the comedy of A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" so much minor characters?
Fonvizin
8. How is the title of D.I. Fonvizin’s comedy “The Minor” related to its problems?
8. How is the theme of “evil morality” and the forms of its manifestation revealed in D.I. Fonvizin’s comedy “The Minor”?
8. What is the comedy of the “exam” arranged for Mitrofan?
8. Why is D.I. Fonvizin’s comedy “The Minor,” which denounces feudal reality, called the “comedy of education”?
9. Which works of Russian classics depict the clash of ignorance and enlightenment, and in what ways can these works be compared with D.I. Fonvizin’s play?
What is the role of the minor characters in D.I. Fonvizin’s comedy “The Minor”?
8. How it reveals itself inner world Tatiana Larina in the scenes of explanation with Evgeniy Onegin? (Based on the novel by A.S. Pushkin “Eugene Onegin.”)
8. Why in A.S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin” does the author so suddenly part with his hero in the finale?
8. Why did Tatyana Larina choose Evgeny Onegin?
8. How does the meaning of the epigraph to A.S. Pushkin’s novel “The Captain’s Daughter” relate to the fates of the heroes of the work?
8. Why does fate favor the simple-hearted Grinev, and not the calculating Shvabrin? (Based on the novel by A.S. Pushkin “The Captain’s Daughter.”)
8. What is the place and significance image of Savelich in the novel by A.S. Pushkin “The Captain's Daughter”?
8. How the character of Masha Mironova is revealed during a meeting with the empress?
9. What do other works have in common with the novel “The Captain’s Daughter”? Russian classics dedicated to major events in Russian history? (When comparing, indicate works and authors.)
9. As in " The captain's daughter“The tragedy of the “Russian revolt” is shown and in which works of Russian classics was a similar problem addressed?
What is the essence of the conflict between the poet and the crowd in the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin?
As revealed in the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "Eugene Onegin" Tatiana's "Russian soul"?
What “good feelings” did A.S. strive to awaken? Pushkin with his lyrics?
How is the problem of honor and duty revealed in the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "The Captain's Daughter"?
What is the dramatic nature of Onegin's fate? (Based on the novel by A.S. Pushkin “Eugene Onegin.”)
How is the poet’s chosenness manifested? (According to the lyrics of A.S. Pushkin.)
Gogol
8. How do you understand the words of V.I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, who claimed that “...despite the continuous Homeric laughter, you feel how the comedy quickly, steadily and with amazing truthfulness begins to rise to tragic heights”? (Based on the play “The Inspector General” by N.V. Gogol.)
8. What symbolic meaning image of the road in N.V. Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls”?
8. What personality traits of the main character are emphasized in the above fragment of “The Overcoat”?
9. Which heroes of Russian classics belong to the same literary type as the hero of “The Overcoat”, and in what ways? author's attitude does it resonate with the position of N.V. Gogol?
How does the ugliness of life in the bureaucratic city manifest itself? (Based on the play “The Inspector General” by N.V. Gogol.)
How does the ambiguity of the author’s position manifest itself in the depiction of the people? (Based on the poem “Dead Souls” by N.V. Gogol.)
Lermontov
8. Why, having tasted the air of freedom, did Mtsyri have to die? (Based on the poem “Mtsyri” by M.Yu. Lermontov.)
8. Does Pechorin deserve compassion or condemnation? (Based on the novel “Hero of Our Time” by M.Yu. Lermontov.) Give reasons for your answer.
8. In what ways are Pechorin and Werner similar and different?
Did Mtsyri find the answer to the question “is the earth beautiful”? (Based on the poem “Mtsyri” by M.Yu. Lermontov)
What is the significance of “Pechorin’s Journal” in the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "Hero of Our Time"?
What is the tragedy of the sound of the theme of the poet and poetry in the works of M.Yu. Lermontov?
What is unique about the sound? civil theme in the lyrics of M.Yu. Lermontov?
Why is the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov's “Hero of Our Time” is called socio-psychological in criticism?
Nekrasov
8. “The people are liberated, but are the people happy?” (Based on the poem by N.A. Nekrasov “Who Lives Well in Rus'.”)
8. What does N.A. Nekrasov see as the essence of spiritual slavery? (Based on the poem by N.A. Nekrasov “Who Lives Well in Rus'.”)
15. How do N.A. Nekrasov’s lyrics combine the folk theme and the motive of the poet’s high service?
15. How it appears Russian peasantry in the lyrics of N.A. Nekrasova?
How does the “Russian female share” appear in the image of N.A. Nekrasov?
How the topic is revealed people's destiny in the poetry of N.A. Nekrasova?
Tyutchev
15. Why are many of F.I. Tyutchev’s poems, which are a kind of “landscapes in verse,” traditionally classified as philosophical lyrics?
15. What is unusual about the depiction of the natural world in the lyrics of F.I. Tyutchev?
Why can Bazarov be called a “reflective nihilist”? (Based on the novel by I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons.”)
What features of the “new man” in the image of Bazarov does I.S. Turgenev accept and which ones does he deny? (Based on the novel “Fathers and Sons.”)
Why don’t the Kirsanov brothers accept Bazarov’s nihilistic ideas?
What is the strength and weakness of Bazarov’s nihilism? (Based on the novel by I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons.”
Saltykov-Shchedrin
8. What features of Shchedrin’s satire are reflected in the above fragment of “The Wild Landowner”?
9. In which works of Russian classics are social vices the object of depiction, and in what ways can these works be compared with Shchedrin’s “The Wise Piskar”?
9. In what works of Russian writers are the relationships between the master and the peasant reflected, and in what ways can these works be compared with “ Wild landowner» M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin?
Goncharov
8. What is “Oblomovism”? (Based on the novel “Oblomov” by I.A. Goncharov.)
8. Why Andrei Stolts could not help his friend Ilya Oblomov return to active life? (Based on the novel “Oblomov” by I.A. Goncharov.)
8. What was unique about the upbringing Stolz received and how did it affect his personality and fate?
8. Why move to new apartment for Oblomov is tantamount to disaster?
8. How does the complexity of the relationship between Oblomov and Olga manifest itself in this fragment?
9. In what works of Russian classics do the heroes face the need for change and how does their attitude to these changes differ from the feelings that possess Oblomov?
9. What works of Russian writers depict the dramatic relationships of lovers and in what ways can these works be compared with “Oblomov”?
9. Which works of Russian classics depict the type of “active” hero and in what ways can he be compared with Andrei Stolts?
Why did Agafya Pshenitsyna turn out to be closer to Olga Ilyinskaya for Oblomov? (Based on the novel “Oblomov” by I.A. Goncharov.)
How does the change of seasons in I. A. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” help to understand the patterns of fate of the main character?
What is the role of Olga Ilyinskaya in Oblomov’s spiritual transformation? (Based on the novel by I.A. Goncharov “Oblomov”)
Tolstoy
8. What is, according to Leo Tolstoy, “real life” and which of the heroes of the novel “War and Peace” lives such a life?
8. Can Nikolai Rostov be called an internally free person? (Based on the novel “War and Peace” by L.N. Tolstoy.) Give reasons for your answer.
8. Why does Pierre stand out sharply among Anna Pavlovna’s other guests?
8. How in L.N. Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace” the author’s conviction was embodied that one of greatest misconceptions consists in defining a person as “smart, stupid, kind, evil, strong, weak, and a person is everything: all possibilities, is a fluid substance”?
8. How does the above fragment thematically resonate with the beginning of the play?
What place in the system of images Chekhov's play occupy Anya and Petya Trofimov? (Based on the play “The Cherry Orchard” by A.P. Chekhov)
How can one explain the absence of characters from A.P. Chekhov’s play “ The Cherry Orchard"ideal" hero?
Ostrovsky
8. Why does Kuligin call the morals of the city of Kalinov cruel? (Based on the drama “The Thunderstorm” by A.N. Ostrovsky.)
8. Is Katerina’s death a conscious protest against Kalinov’s world or a gesture of despair? Give reasons for your answer.
15. What is the contradictory nature of the poet’s attitude towards Russia? (Poem)
15. How it changes emotional condition lyrical hero from beginning to end of the poem “Stranger”?
15. What truth does the lyrical hero discover for himself at the end of the poem (final stanza)?
15. How do you understand the meaning of the first line of A.A. Blok’s poem “Oh, I want to live madly...”?
15. What genre-thematic variety of lyrics, affecting eternal questions of existence, refers to the poem by A.A. Blok?
15. What is unusual about the sound? social issue in the poem by A.A. Factory block?
16. Which of the Russian poets addressed social issues and in what ways their works can be compared with the poem by A.A. Block "Factory"?
16. In the works of which Russian poets do confessional motifs sound and how can their works be correlated with the poem by A.A. Blok?
16. What works of Russian poets contain philosophical questions and in what ways are these works consonant with the poem “Night, street, lantern, pharmacy...”?
16. What works of Russian poets are close to Blok’s feeling of Russia? (Give reasons for your answer.)
9. In what works of Russian writers are the “everyday life” of the revolution depicted and in what ways can these works be compared with A. A. Blok’s poem “The Twelve”? (Give 2–3 examples indicating the authors.)
16. In the works of which Russian poets were created ideal female images and in what ways are these images consonant with the image of Blok’s Beautiful Lady?
Why in poems about Russia by A.A. Does the block refer to the historical past of the Motherland?
What appears revolutionary Russia in the poem by A.A. Block "Twelve"?
What changes does the image of the beloved undergo in the works of A. A. Blok over the years?
What is special about the sound? revolutionary theme in the poetry of A.A. Blok?
Yesenin
15. What are the similarities and what are the differences between the image of the Motherland in the lyrics of A.A. Blok and S.A. Yesenin?
15. Why can’t S.A. Yesenin’s poems about nature be classified only as “landscape” lyrics?
15. How does the inner world of the lyrical hero appear in S.A. Yesenin’s poem?
15. What is the uniqueness of the disclosure of the theme of the homeland in the poem by S.A. Yesenin “You are my Shagane, Shagane!..”?
15. What is the state of the lyrical hero who returned to his native land after a long absence?
15. In what images of the poem “Letter to a Mother” is the lyrical hero’s idea of his “small homeland” embodied?
15. What feelings does the lyrical hero’s memory of his mother and home evoke?
15. What is unique about the embodiment of the theme of a poetic monument in S.A. Yesenin’s poem?
15. Why do the poet’s reflections on farewell to youth, which sound so tragic in the poem, end brightly and calmly?
16. In what works of Russian poets does the motif of the transience of life sound and in what ways are these works consonant with the poem by S.A. Yesenin?
16. In the poems of which Russian poets of the 19th–20th centuries. the image of the Motherland arises and what motives bring them closer to the poem by S.A. Yesenin "Soviet Rus'"?
16. What poems of Russian poets are addressed to a loved one and what motives bring them closer to the poem “Letter to a Mother”?
16. Which of the Russian poets addressed literary predecessors or contemporaries in their works, and in what ways are these works consonant with Yesenin’s poem? (Give 2–3 examples.)
16. In what works of Russian poets does the theme of the native land occupy a central place and in what ways are these works consonant with the poem by S.A. Yesenin?
16. In what works of Russian lyricism does the theme of life and death sound and in what ways do they echo Yesenin’s poem?
How does the image of one’s home appear in S.A. Yesenin’s lyrics?
Mayakovsky
8. How do you understand the meaning of the title of V.V. Mayakovsky’s poem “Cloud in Pants”?
8. What underlies the confrontation between the hero and the crowd in “A Cloud in Pants”?
15. To whom and why does the poet address in his poem?
8. What is the emotional state of the lyrical hero, awaiting the arrival of his beloved, and how does it characterize him? (Work)
16. How does the internal duality of the lyrical hero manifest itself? early creativity V. Mayakovsky and in what works of Russian poets do we find a similar type of hero? (Poem)
9. In the works of which Russian poets is the theme of unrequited love revealed and in what ways are these works close to the poem by V.V. Mayakovsky?
16. In what works of Russian poets do the heroes turn to the stars and in what ways are these works consonant with the poem by V.V. Mayakovsky “Listen”?
What is the hero protesting against? early lyrics V.V. Mayakovsky?
Akhmatova
15. What is the general emotional tone of A.A. Akhmatova’s poem and by what means is it created?
15. What is the result of the thoughts of the lyrical heroine of the poem “Seaside Sonnet”?
8. Why is the lyrical “I” replaced in the work of A.A. Akhmatova’s lyrical “we”?
15. Why is the lyrical heroine of Marina Tsvetaeva so tragically lonely?
15. How does the inner world of the lyrical heroine of the poem by M.I. Tsvetaeva appear? (Justify your answer.)
15. Why are the thoughts of B.L. Is Pasternak's talk about personality and fate accompanied by numerous images and details related to the world of theater? (Poem)
15. What is the meaning of the lyrical hero’s seclusion poems by B.L. Pasternak?
15. What spiritual discoveries did love bring to the hero of this poem?
16. Why is B.L. Pasternak’s poem called “Hamlet” and which Russian writers in their works turned to the “eternal images” of world literature?
16. Than a poem B.L.Pasternak about essence poetic creativity close to Russian lyric poetry of the 19th–20th centuries? (When comparing, please indicate the authors of the works.)
16. Which of the Russian poets addressed the topic of creativity and in what ways are their works close to the poem by B. L. Pasternak?
16. Which of the Russian poets, like B.L. Pasternak’s poem, reflected experiences in nature’s pictures human soul? Justify your answer by indicating the authors and titles of the poems.
16. Which of the Russian poets turned to reflections on the essence of love and in what ways their works are close or contrast to the poem by B. L. Pasternak?
What is unique about the sound of the theme of the poet and poetry in the lyrics of B. L. Pasternak?
Bunin
8. Why does love, which I.A. Bunin considered “great happiness,” end tragically in many of the writer’s works?
8. What is the difference? spiritual world hero and heroine and how she defined them future fate? (Fragment)
9. What are the similarities? Clean Monday» I.A.Bunin with other works of Russian classics of the 19th–20th centuries. about love? (When comparing, indicate works and authors.)
Bulgakov
8. What meaning does the image of the city acquire in M.A. Bulgakov’s novel “The Master and Margarita” or “ White Guard"? (choice allowed)
What qualities do the author’s favorite characters in Bulgakov’s prose have? (Based on the novel by M.A. Bulgakov “The White Guard” or “The Master and Margarita”.)
Solzhenitsyn
8. What character traits of Matryona are revealed in the above fragment?
9. In which works Russian literature depicts the conflict between a “private” person and the state, and what brings these works closer to “Matryonin’s Yard”?
Why don’t fellow villagers realize Matryona’s righteousness? (Based on the story by A.I. Solzhenitsyn “Matrenin’s Dvor.”)
Specification
control measuring materials
for holding the unified state exam in 2017
on literature
1. Purpose of KIM Unified State Exam
The Unified State Exam (hereinafter referred to as the Unified State Exam) is a form of objective assessment of the quality of training of persons who have mastered educational programs average general education, using tasks of a standardized form (control measuring materials).
The Unified State Examination is conducted in accordance with Federal law dated December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On education in the Russian Federation.”
Control measuring materials make it possible to establish the level of mastery of the Federal component by graduates state standard secondary (complete) general education in literature, basic and specialized levels.
The results of the Unified State Examination in Literature are recognized educational organizations average vocational education and educational organizations of higher
professional education as the results of entrance tests in literature.
2. Documents defining the content of the Unified State Exam KIM
The content of the examination work is determined on the basis of the Federal component of the state standard of secondary (complete) general education (Order of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated March 5, 2004 No. 1089). Some positions of this document are specified based on Mandatory Minimums content of basic general and secondary (complete) general education in literature, approved by orders of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated May 19, 1998 No. 1236 and dated June 30, 1999 No. 56 (justification is given in explanatory note to the codifier of content elements and requirements for the level of training of graduates of general education organizations for conducting a unified
state exam in literature).
3. Approaches to selecting content and developing the structure of the Unified State Exam KIM
The principles of selecting the content and developing the structure of the KIM Unified State Examination in literature correspond to the goal of obtaining objective and reliable information about the graduate’s readiness to continue education in the humanities in organizations of secondary and higher professional education.
Many years of improvement of the Unified State Exam KIM based on literature went in the direction of searching optimal structure examination work, creating a reliable system for assessing it, ensuring the objectivity of the exam results. The number of tasks testing knowledge of private literary facts(in 2007, multiple-choice questions were removed from the examination model: the experiment showed their ineffectiveness and “foreignness” in relation to literature); the number of extended-response tasks related to moral issues works of art; a typology of tasks of different content was developed; evaluation criteria were clarified; the optimal ratio of tasks of various types in the structure of the examination work was determined, etc.
Each version of the KIM includes tasks that are different in both the form of presentation and the level of complexity, the completion of which reveals the level of mastery by Unified State Exam participants of the main elements of the content of various sections of the course, the degree of formation of subject competencies and general academic skills.
Thus, when passing the Unified State Exam in literature, the examinee is required to activate the most significant types for the subject educational activities: analytical understanding literary text, its interpretation, search for grounds for comparison literary phenomena and facts, writing a reasoned response to problematic issue and so on.
4. Structure of KIM Unified State Exam
IN exam paper Two parts are highlighted and continuous numbering of tasks is adopted. CMM includes 17 tasks that differ in form and level of difficulty.
Part 1 offers assignments that include questions about the analysis of literary works. The ability of graduates to determine the main elements of content and artistic structure studied works (topics and problems, heroes and events, artistic techniques, different kinds tropes, etc.), as well as consider specific literary works in connection with the course material.
Part 1 includes two sets of tasks.
The first set of tasks relates to a fragment of an epic, or lyric epic, or dramatic work: 7 tasks with a short answer (1-7), requiring the writing of a word, or a phrase, or a sequence of numbers, and 2 tasks with a detailed answer in the amount of 5-10 sentences (8, 9).
The second set of tasks relates to lyrical work: 5 tasks with a short answer (10-14) and 2 tasks with a detailed answer in the amount of 5-10 sentences (15. 16).
The general structure of part 1 is subordinated to the task of broad content coverage of literary material. Literary texts offered for analysis allow testing not only graduates’ knowledge specific works, but also the ability to analyze the text taking into account its genre affiliation: 2 tasks involve access to a broad literary context (substantiation of the connection of this literary text with other works according to the aspects of comparison specified in the tasks). Thus, relying on intra-subject connections of the studied course allows for additional coverage of the content of the tested literary material.
Following the proposed work algorithm allows examinees to identify the place and role of the episode (sienna) in the overall structure of the work (analysis of the fragment), and to reveal the plot and composition. figurative and thematic stylistic features analyzed text, summarize your observations in a literary context.
Part 2 requires work from participants Unified State Exam writing full-length extended essay on literary theme(thus, to what was worked out in part 1 literary material another content component of the course being tested is added). The graduate is asked 3 questions (17.1-17.3). covering major milestones domestic historical and literary process: 17.1 - by works ancient Russian literature, classics of the 18th century. and first half of the 19th century century: 17.2 - based on works of the second half of the 19th century: 17.3 - based on works of the 20th century. The graduate selects only one of the questions and gives an answer to it in the form of an essay, justifying his judgments by referring to the work (from memory). This type of work gives the graduate the opportunity to show his attitude to problems. raised by the writer. understanding artistic originality works. Writing an essay requires a large measure of cognitive independence and is most consistent with the specifics of literature as an art form and academic discipline, which sets as its goals the formation of a qualified reader with a developed aesthetic taste and a need for spiritual, moral and cultural development.
Below is a table showing the distribution of tasks by parts of the examination paper.
