Gogol's works are a list of famous. Gogol's works

Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol is the literary talent of Russia in the 19th century. The first work - the poem "Italy" - was published in 1829. He has been writing almost last days life.

His creations are very original, here mysticism is closely intertwined with reality. calling card the writer began sketches of "naturalness" ordinary life, a reflection of naked Russian reality without embellishment and smoothing. He first created social types, endowing his heroes with common features people of a certain social stratum, surprisingly accurately summarized everything characteristic of Russian cities, creating a single image of the province and big city. Each character of Gogol is not a certain famous person, but collective image, embodying the characters and mores of an entire generation or social stratum.

Best works

Excluding the destroyed 2nd volume " dead souls» In total, Gogol's literary baggage includes 68 works. The most famous of them:

• "Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka",
• "Viy",
• "The Tale of How Ivan Ivanovich Quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich"
• "Nose",
• "Overcoat",
• "Diary of a Madman",
• "Selected places from correspondence with friends."

The list is far from complete, but these works are able to represent the author's work as much as possible.

Perhaps the most famous work of the writer is the play-comedy "The Government Inspector" in 5 acts. The author began work on it in the autumn of 1835, and just six months later - in January 1836 - he finished writing. Main character- petty St. Petersburg official Khlestakov, whom everyone took for an important inspector. The sly bureaucrat quickly realized what was happening, and began to take advantage of the state of affairs with might and main, accepting bribes, gifts and eating for free at secular dinners. Everyone fawned over him, trying to appease and please.

When he leaves the city, everyone accidentally becomes aware that Khlestakov is a swindler, and then comes to the town real auditor. Silent scene.

The play has been staged more than once on the stage of theaters, including European ones. And although the first production in St. Petersburg was not successful, all subsequent ones were very warmly received by the public.

In Gogol's diaries, a mention was found that the idea of ​​"The Government Inspector" was given to him by Pushkin, who was one of the first listeners of the play and accepted it with great enthusiasm.

Genius work. Deep in essence and complete in decoration. One of the most significant works the author, which, according to the notes of Gogol himself, was originally conceived as a three-volume book. The first volume was published in 1842. The second was never published. According to the generally accepted version, based on the testimony of the writer's servant, "being in a state of physical weakness and mental disorder," Nikolai Vasilievich burned the already finished manuscript of the second volume. After Gogol's death, handwritten first 5 chapters were found in his drafts. Today they are kept in the personal collection of Timur Abdullayev, an American businessman of Russian origin. The only thing known about the third volume is that it was conceived as a description of the heroes of the poem who had reformed after the "purgatory".

The plot of the work was also suggested by Pushkin. As a result, a literary masterpiece was born, telling about the adventures of the protagonist, the collegiate adviser Chichikov, who in the city of N bought “dead souls”, that is, dead serfs, from the landowners. Why did he need it? In the future, he planned to mortgage them in a bank and use the loan received to buy some kind of estate for arranging his future. Events developed in such a way that the scam failed, and Chichikov ended up in the gendarmerie, from where he was rescued with difficulty by the millionaire Murazov. This is where the first volume ends.

The most colorful characters:

• "Sweet to the point of cloying" landowner Manilov, a man of no use to society, an empty dreamer;
• Korobochka is a landowner known for all her greed and pettiness;
• Sobakevich, whose all efforts are aimed only at arranging life and strengthening material well-being;
• Plyushkin is the most caricatured character. Extremely stingy, regrets throwing away even the sole that has come off the boot. Incredibly suspicious, he refused not only from society, but even from his own children, believing that everyone wants to rob him and let him go around the world.

These and many other heroes reflect the world of inverted values, lost ideals. Their souls are empty, dead... This view allows you to allegorically interpret the name " Dead Souls».

The poem has withstood many theatrical productions, film adaptations. Has been translated to different languages.

This story is a very serious work. It highlights the heroism of the Ukrainian people in the fight against the Turks and Tatars. It is large-scale in content and events covered by it, the images of its heroes are epic, the basis for their creation was epic heroes.

The main scenes of the story are the battles of the Zaporozhye Cossacks with foreign invaders. They are discharged close-up attention paid to details. The course of the battle, the actions of individual soldiers, their appearance described in detail, with bright strokes.

Every fictional character in the story is hyperbolic. Images do not reflect individual historical figures but entire social strata of that time.

To write "Taras Bulba" Nikolai Vasilyevich studied many historical sources, chronicles, epics, folk songs and legends.

Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka

This two-volume edition was published in 1832. Each volume contains 4 stories, the action of which covers the 17th-19th centuries. Gogol very thinly rings the past and the present, weaves a true story and a fairy tale, giving his work a historical and spiritual unity.

"Evenings ..." received very high ratings literary critics- contemporaries of the author, as well as such masters as Pushkin, Baratynsky. The collection fascinates the reader not only with fabulous plots, but also with high poetic style.

In fact, "Evenings ..." is a fantasy, masterfully crafted folklore. On the pages of the work, witches, sorcerers, mermaids, goblins, devils and other devilry.

Final chord

Gogol is a writer capital letter. It is difficult to single out the most famous work of this author. It is difficult to convey in words the depth, poetry and richness of his works. Only by directly familiarizing yourself with each work, you can not only understand, but feel the lively, rich and original talent of Gogol. The reader will definitely get great pleasure from reading his writings.

Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol (surname at birth Yanovsky, since 1821 - Gogol-Yanovsky; March 20, 1809, Sorochintsy, Poltava province - February 21, 1852, Moscow) - Russian prose writer, playwright, poet, critic, publicist, recognized as one of the classics Russian literature. Descended from the old noble family Gogol-Yanovsky.

Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol is one of the most original Russian writers, his fame went far beyond Russian cultural space. His books are interesting throughout his life, each time he manages to find new facets in them, almost new content. His life was not full of external events. She was all in hard work, in an in-depth internal analysis of their actions and thoughts. The work of the writer was for Gogol inextricably merged with the social, educational role of art, became for him a creative feat. Having revealed to the world "all of Rus'", first of all, its funny, sad, dramatic sides - but not only these, but also heroic ones - having prophetically spoken about its wonderful future, Gogol created books that were a true discovery in artistic culture, had a great influence on the development of Russian literature and art in general. Gogol's books actively exist in the spiritual life of our time. art word Gogol is perceived today as prophetic. Gogol is not just a writer, but an exceptional person, tragic fate, a thinker and a prophet who stood on the threshold of a true unraveling of the historical fate of Russia, whose fate in one way or another reflected the fate of literature and social thought of that time. Gogol - the beginning new era in the artistic consciousness of Russia in the nineteenth century.

N.V. Gogol, the great Russian writer, created his own art world in which several generations of Russian readers have been living. None of the Russian classics had as many common characters as Gogol. Gogol's Governor, Khlestakov and Chichikov, Taras Bulba and Akaki Akakievich - all these characters, creative imagination brilliant prose writer, are perceived by us as historical or actually existing personalities.

Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol was born on March 20 (April 1), 1809 in the town of Velikie Sorochintsy, Mirgorodsky district, Poltava province (Ukraine).

Gogol's father, Vasily Afanasyevich Yanovsky-Gogol, served at the Little Russian Post Office, from where he retired with the rank of collegiate assessor. He served as a secretary to a distant relative, a former minister, a county representative of the nobility, D.P. Troshchinsky. Vasily Afanasyevich loved art, he wrote poems and comedies in Ukrainian.

Gogol's mother, Maria Ivanovna, nee Kosyarovskaya, was, according to legend, the first beauty in the Poltava region. She came from a family of landowners. She married Yanovsky-Gogol at the age of 14, gave birth to six children.

According to legend (information not confirmed), the second part of the surname - Gogol - was added to his (Yanovsky) grandfather of Nikolai Vasilyevich. This was done to prove the origin of the family from Colonel Ostap Gogol, who became famous in Ukraine in the 17th century.

The Gogol family was very religious, which undoubtedly left its mark on the worldview of the future writer. The mother paid special attention to the spiritual education of children.

1818 - 1819 - Nikolai Gogol, together with his brother Ivan, studied at the Poltava district school.

1820 - 1821 - Gogol takes lessons from the Poltava teacher Gabriel Sorochinsky.

1821 - 1828 - studying at the gymnasium of higher sciences in Nizhyn.

The Nizhyn Gymnasium of Higher Sciences was a kind of analogue of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum; children of provincial nobles studied here. At the gymnasium, Gogol studied music, painting, participated in theatrical performances. This period also includes the first literary experiments Nikolai Vasilyevich, who initially worked with different genres: wrote tragedies, elegies, stories. At the same time, the first satire that was not preserved was written “Something about Nizhyn, or the law is not written for fools.” When it came time to choose a specialty, Nikolai Gogol chose jurisprudence - he wanted to "suppress injustice." 1828 - 1829 - in December 1828 Gogol went to St. Petersburg. He failed to get a job. Trying to make money literary work ended unsuccessfully: only two works were published, the poem "Italy" and "idyll in pictures" "Hanz Kühelgarten". The latter, published under the pseudonym "V. Alov” caused condescending ridicule from critics. Gogol burns the unsold edition of the book and, disappointed, leaves for Germany (July 1829).

The end of 1829 - Nikolai Vasilyevich returns to St. Petersburg. This time, the job search was successful, and Gogol managed to get a job as a scribe in the department state economy and public buildings of the Ministry of the Interior. The service was monotonous and boring, the only outlets were classes in painting and literature. Another positive moment from the “state service” is that it provided the writer with the richest material for future works. 1830 - in the magazine " Domestic notes Gogol's story "Basavryuk" was published for the first time. Later, the story was revised by the author, after which it was called "Evening on the eve of Ivan Kupala." The same year, December - in the almanac "Northern Flowers" (published by Delvig), a chapter from historical novel Gogol "Hetman". The first work to be released from real name author, became the story "Woman". After the first publications, Nikolai Vasilievich was accepted into the circle of St. Petersburg writers. He becomes close to Delvig, Pushkin, Zhukovsky. Lives in Pavlovsk, among other things, carries out assignments for the publication of Pushkin's Tales of Belkin. Critics claim that it was Alexander Sergeevich who gave Gogol the ideas for such works as The Inspector General and Dead Souls. During this period, Gogol earns private lessons, and soon becomes a history teacher at the Patriot Institute.

1831 - 1832 - "Evenings on a farm near Dikanka" were written and published. It was this work that brought Gogol real popularity. 1832 - Gogol arrives in Moscow already famous writer. Works on his first comedy "Vladimir of the 3rd degree", but does not finish it. 1834 - Nikolai Vasilievich strives to work at the department world history at the newly opened Kiev University, but all attempts end in failure. The writer was accepted as an adjunct professor at the Department of World History at St. Petersburg University. Studying the history of his native Ukraine, Gogol develops the idea of ​​the work "Taras Bulba". Secretly from everyone, he writes stories for the collections "Mirgorod" and "Arabesques". The same year - in the book "Housewarming" published "The Tale of how Ivan Ivanovich quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich." 1835 - Gogol leaves the university to devote himself entirely to literature. In the same year, he completes and publishes the collections "Mirgorod" (including "Old World Landowners", "Viy", "Taras Bulba", etc.), "Arabesques". In addition, in 1835 the "Inspector General" was launched. In the same year, 1835, work began on the first volume of the poem Dead Souls. The idea, as already mentioned above, was submitted by Pushkin. He also became the first to whom Gogol read several chapters. Alexander Sergeevich approved of the writer, but at the same time the poem upset him. January 1836 - at the evening at Zhukovsky's, in the presence of Pushkin, Gogol reads The Government Inspector. April 19, 1836 - premiere of "The Government Inspector" in Alexandrinsky theater. May 25, 1836 - premiere of The Government Inspector at the Maly Theatre. The first reviews of the comedy were negative. Unfortunately, Nikolai Vasilyevich read exactly them; after that, he no longer had the desire to open others.

The writer is going abroad. The same year - Gogol lives first in Switzerland, then in Paris. All this time he continues to work on " Dead souls". 1837 - Gogol arrives in Rome. 1839 - 1840 - Gogol spends several months in Russia. In Moscow and St. Petersburg he reads 6 chapters of Dead Souls. May 1840 - M.Yu. Lermontov, who reads his new poem"Mtsyri". A few days later Gogol leaves for Rome. On the way, he stops in Rome to complete the long-begun drama "For the Shaved Mustache" - an etude from the history of Zaporozhye. However, the manuscript was burned. It was in Vienna that Gogol was first overtaken by a severe nervous disease. 1840 - 1841 - work on the first volume of "Dead Souls" was completed in Rome. October 1841 - Gogol comes to Russia to publish Dead Souls. He is assisted by V.G. Belinsky. The censorship passed the poem, but on the condition that the Tale of Captain Kopeikin should be withdrawn for the book edition and the title changed.

May 1842 - the book "The Adventures of Chichikov, or Dead Souls" was published. The beginning of 1843 - "The Works of Nikolai Gogol" was published in four volumes. The second half of the 1840s - Nikolai Vasilievich is experiencing spiritual crisis. It got to the point that the writer doubted the meaning and effectiveness of fiction and was ready to renounce his works. The end of June 1845 - Gogol burns the manuscript of the second volume of the poem Dead Souls. The reason was the state of mind of the writer, to put it modern language, prolonged depression. Later, Nikolai Vasilyevich explained his act in the work “Four Letters to Different Persons About “Dead Souls” - Selected Places”: in the second volume, “paths and roads” to the ideal were not indicated enough. 1847 - Gogol publishes Selected passages from correspondence with friends. Belinsky is extremely dissatisfied with this circumstance, especially the religious and mystical ideas of the writer, sounding in "Correspondence ...".

April 1848 - Gogol visits the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem, after which he finally returns to Russia. Lives in Odessa, St. Petersburg and Moscow, all this time working on the second volume of Dead Souls. The writer's health is deteriorating. With regard to spiritual moods, mysticism and religion continue to occupy his thoughts. Spring 1850 - Gogol makes a marriage proposal to A. M. Vielgorskaya, but is refused. 1852 - Nikolai Vasilievich regularly meets and talks with Archpriest Matvey Konstantinovsky, a fanatic and mystic. Night of February 11-12, 1852 - Gogol burns the now white manuscript of the second volume of Dead Souls. There is a version that Konstantinovsky persuaded the writer to do this. February 21, 1852 - Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol dies in Moscow. He was originally buried in the cemetery of St. Danilov Monastery. In 1931 Gogol's ashes were buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery.

Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol (surname at birth Yanovsky, since 1821 - Gogol-Yanovsky; March 20, 1809, Sorochintsy, Poltava province - February 21, 1852, Moscow) - Russian prose writer, playwright, poet, critic, publicist, recognized as one of the classics Russian literature. He came from an old noble family Gogol-Yanovsky.

Great Russian writer.
Born in the town of Velikie Sorochintsy, Mirgorod district, Poltava province, in the family of a landowner. Gogol spent his childhood on the estate of his parents Vasilievka (another name is Yanovshchina). cultural center the edge was Kibintsy, the estate of D. P. Troshchinsky, their distant relative, Gogol's father acted as his secretary. There was a large library in Kibintsy, there was home theater, for which Gogol's father wrote comedies, being also his actor and conductor.
In May 1821 he entered the gymnasium of higher sciences in Nizhyn. Here he is engaged in painting, participates in performances. Tries himself in various literary genres(writes elegiac poems, tragedies, historical poem, story). At the same time, he wrote the satire “Something about Nizhyn, or the law is not written for fools” (not preserved). However, he dreams of a legal career.
After graduating from the gymnasium in 1828, Gogol in December, together with another graduate A.S. Danilevsky travels to St. Petersburg, where he makes his first literary tests: at the beginning of 1829, the poem “Italy” appears, prints “Hanz Kühelgarten” (under the pseudonym “V. Alov”).
At the end of 1829, he managed to find a job in the Department of State Economy and Public Buildings of the Ministry of the Interior. During this period, “Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka”, “The Nose”, “Taras Bulba” are published.
In the autumn of 1835, he set about writing The Inspector General, the plot of which was prompted by Pushkin; the work progressed so successfully that the premiere of the play took place in the spring of 1836 on the stage of the Alexandria Theatre.
In June 1836, Gogol left St. Petersburg for Germany (in total he lived abroad for about 12 years). He spends the end of summer and autumn in Switzerland, where he takes up the continuation of Dead Souls. The plot was also prompted by Pushkin.
In November 1836, Gogol met A. Mickiewicz in Paris. In Rome, he receives shocking news of the death of Pushkin. In May 1842, "The Adventures of Chichikov, or Dead Souls" was published. The three-year period (1842-1845) that followed after the writer's departure abroad was a period of intense and difficult work on the second volume of Dead Souls.
At the beginning of 1845, Gogol showed signs of a mental crisis, and in a state of sharp exacerbation of his illness, he burned the manuscript of the second volume, on which he would continue to work after some time.
In April 1848, after a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, Gogol finally returned to Russia, where most spends time in Moscow, sometimes visits in St. Petersburg, as well as in his native places - in Little Russia. In the spring of 1850, Gogol makes his first and last attempt to arrange his family life- makes an offer to A.M. Vielgorskaya, but is refused.
On January 1, 1852, Gogol informs Arnoldi that the second volume is "completely finished." But in last days months, signs of a new crisis were discovered, the impetus for which was the death of E. M. Khomyakova, the sister of N. M. Yazykov, a person spiritually close to Gogol.
On February 7, Gogol confesses and takes communion, and on the night of February 11-12, he burns the white manuscript of the second volume (only five chapters have been preserved in incomplete form). On the morning of February 21, Gogol died in his last apartment in Talyzin's house in Moscow. The funeral of the writer took place with a huge gathering of people at the cemetery of the St. Danilov Monastery, and in 1931 Gogol's remains were reburied at the Novodevichy cemetery.

"To be in the world and not signify one's existence in any way - that seems terrible to me." N. V. Gogol.

The genius of classical literature

Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol is known to the world as a writer, poet, playwright, publicist and critic. A man of remarkable talent and an amazing master of words, he is famous both in Ukraine, where he was born, and in Russia, where he moved over time.

Especially Gogol is known for his mystical heritage. His stories, written in a unique Ukrainian language, which is not literary in the full sense of the word, convey the depth and beauty of Ukrainian speech, known to the whole world. The greatest popularity of Gogol was given by his "Viy". What other works did Gogol write? Below is a list of works. These are sensational stories, often mystical, and stories from school curriculum, and little-known works of the author.

List of writer's works

In total, Gogol wrote more than 30 works. Some of them he continued to finish, despite the publication. Many of his creations had several variations, including "Taras Bulba" and "Viy". Having published the story, Gogol continued to reflect on it, sometimes adding or changing the ending. His stories often have multiple endings. So, next we consider the most famous works of Gogol. The list is in front of you:

1. "Ganz Kühelgarten" (1827-1829, under the pseudonym A. Alov).
2. “Evenings on a farm near Dikanka” (1831), part 1 (“ Sorochinskaya Fair”, “Evening on the Eve of Ivan Kupala”, “Drowned Woman”, “Missing Letter”). The second part was published a year later. It included following stories: "Christmas Eve", " Terrible revenge”, “Ivan Fedorovich Shponka and his aunt”, “The Enchanted Place”.
3. Mirgorod (1835). Its edition was divided into 2 parts. The first part included the stories "Taras Bulba", "Old World Landowners". The second part, completed in 1839-1841, included "Viy", "The Tale of how Ivan Ivanovich quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich."
4. "Nose" (1841-1842).
5. "Morning business man". It was written, like the comedies Litigation, Fragment and Lakeyskaya, from 1832 to 1841.
6. "Portrait" (1842).
7. "Notes of a Madman" and "Nevsky Prospekt" (1834-1835).
8. "Inspector" (1835).
9. The play "Marriage" (1841).
10. "Dead Souls" (1835-1841).
11. Comedy "Players" and " Theatrical tour after the presentation of the new comedy" (1836-1841).
12. "Overcoat" (1839-1841).
13. "Rome" (1842).

These are published works that Gogol wrote. The works (a list by year, to be more precise) indicate that the writer's talent flourished in 1835-1841. And now let's go through the reviews of the most famous stories Gogol.

"Viy" - the most mystical creation of Gogol

The story "Viy" tells about the recently deceased lady, the centurion's daughter, who, as the whole village knows, was a witch. The centurion, at the request of his beloved daughter, forces the funeral worker Khoma Bruta to be read over her. The witch, who died through the fault of Khoma, dreams of revenge...

Reviews of the work "Viy" - continuous praise for the writer and his talent. It is impossible to discuss the list of Nikolai Gogol's works without mentioning everyone's favorite Viy. Readers note bright characters, original, unique, with their own characters and habits. All of them are typical Ukrainians, cheerful and optimistic people, rude but kind. It is impossible not to appreciate the subtle irony and humor of Gogol.

They also highlight the unique style of the writer and his ability to play on contrasts. During the day, the peasants walk and have fun, Khoma also drinks, so as not to think about the horror of the upcoming night. With the advent of evening, a gloomy, mystical silence sets in - and Khoma again enters the circle outlined in chalk ...

A very short story keeps you in suspense until last pages. Below are stills from the 1967 film of the same name.

Satirical comedy "The Nose"

The Nose is an amazing story, written in such a satirical form that at first it seems fantastic absurdity. According to the plot, Platon Kovalev, a public person and prone to narcissism, wakes up in the morning without a nose - it is empty in its place. In a panic, Kovalev begins to look for his lost nose, because without it you won’t even appear in a decent society!

Readers easily saw the prototype of Russian (and not only!) society. Gogol stories, despite the fact that they were written in the 19th century, do not lose their relevance. Gogol, whose list of works for the most part can be divided into mysticism and satire, very subtly felt modern society, which has not changed much since then. The rank, the external gloss are still held in high esteem, but the inner content of a person is of no interest to anyone. It is Plato's nose, with an outer shell, but without inner content, that becomes the prototype of a man richly dressed, rationally thinking, but soulless.

"Taras Bulba"

"Taras Bulba" is a great creation. Describing the works of Gogol, the most famous, the list of which is provided above, it is impossible not to mention this story. In the center of the plot are two brothers, Andrei and Ostap, as well as their father, Taras Bulba himself, a strong, courageous and utterly principled man.

Readers especially highlight small parts stories, on which the author focused attention, which enlivens the picture, makes those distant times closer and more understandable. Writer for a long time studied the details of the life of that era, so that readers could more vividly and vividly imagine the events taking place. In general, Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol, whose list of works we are discussing today, always attached special meaning trifles.

Charismatic characters also made a lasting impression on readers. The tough, merciless Taras, ready to do anything for the sake of the Motherland, the brave and courageous Ostap and the romantic, selfless Andrey - they cannot leave readers indifferent. In general, the famous works of Gogol, the list of which we are considering, have interesting feature- an amazing, but harmonious contradiction in the characters of the characters.

"Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka"

Another mystical, but at the same time funny and ironic work by Gogol. The blacksmith Vakula is in love with Oksana, who promised to marry him if he gets her little slippers, like the queen herself. Vakula is in despair... But then, quite by chance, he comes across evil spirits, having fun in the village in the society of a witch. It is not surprising that Gogol, whose list of works contains numerous Mystic stories, in this story involved a witch and a devil.

This story is interesting not only for the plot, but also for the colorful characters, each of which is unique. They, as if alive, appear before the readers, each in his own way. One Gogol admires with light irony He admires Vakula, and teaches Oksana to appreciate and love. Like a caring father, he chuckles good-naturedly at his characters, but it all looks so soft that it causes only a gentle smile.

The character of the Ukrainians, their language, customs and foundations, so clearly described in the story, could only be described in such detail and lovingly by Gogol. Even joking about the "Muscovites" looks cute in the mouths of the characters in the story. This is because Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol, whose list of works we are discussing today, loved his homeland and spoke of it with love.

"Dead Souls"

Sounds mystical, right? However, in reality, Gogol this work did not resort to mysticism and looked much deeper - into human souls. Main character Chichikov seems to be a negative character at first glance, but the more the reader gets to know him, the more positive traits notices in it. Gogol makes the reader worry about the fate of his hero, despite his hard-hitting actions, which already says a lot.

In this work, the writer, as always, acts as an excellent psychologist and a real genius of the word.

Of course, these are not all the creations that Gogol wrote. The list of works is incomplete without the continuation of Dead Souls. It was his author who allegedly burned it before his death. Rumor has it that in the next two volumes, Chichikov was supposed to improve and become a decent person. Is it so? Unfortunately, now we will never know for sure.

Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol - great Russian writer, author immortal works"Inspector", "Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka", "Taras Bulba", "Viy", "Dead Souls" and many others.

Nikolai Gogol was born on March 20, 1809 in the town of Velikie Sorochintsy, Mirgorodsky district, Poltava province, in the family of a poor landowner. He spent his childhood on the estate of his parents Vasilievka, near the village of Dikanka, the land of legends, beliefs, historical traditions. In the upbringing of the future writer, his father, Vasily Afanasyevich, a passionate admirer of art, a theater lover, an author of poetry and witty comedies, played a certain role.

After home education Gogol spent two years at the Poltava district school, then entered the Nizhyn gymnasium of higher sciences. Here he learns to play the violin, is engaged in painting, participates in performances, performing comic roles.

After graduating from high school in 1828, the writer went to St. Petersburg with the hope of starting wide activity. But the first literary tests were unsuccessful.

In 1830, Gogol's first story, Basavryuk, appeared in the journal Otechestvennye Zapiski, later revised into the story The Evening on the Eve of Ivan Kupala. In December, a chapter from the historical novel Hetman is published in Delvig's almanac "Northern Flowers". Gogol becomes close to Delvig, Zhukovsky, Pushkin, with whom he had friendship great importance to develop public attitudes and literary talent young Gogol. Pushkin introduced him to his circle, where Krylov, Vyazemsky, Odoevsky, the artist Bryullov were, gave him plots for The Government Inspector and Dead Souls.

Literary fame for Gogol was brought by "Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka" (1831-32), the stories "Sorochinsky Fair", "May Night", etc. In 1833 he came to the decision to devote himself to scientific and pedagogical work and in 1834 he was appointed adjunct professor in the department of general history at St. Petersburg University. The study of works on the history of Ukraine formed the basis of the idea of ​​"Taras Bulba". In 1835 he left the university and devoted himself entirely to literary creativity. In the same year, collections of stories "Mirgorod" were published, which included "Old World Landowners", "Taras Bulba", "Viy" and others, and "Arabesques" (on the themes of St. Petersburg life). In 1835 The Inspector General was written and already in 1836 staged in Moscow with the participation of Shchepkin.

February 11, 1852, while in serious trouble state of mind, the writer burned the manuscript of the second volume of the poem Dead Souls. On the morning of February 21, Gogol died in his apartment on Nikitsky Boulevard.

Gogol was buried in the cemetery of the Danilov Monastery in Moscow. After the revolution, Gogol's remains were transferred to the Novodevichy cemetery.