He is poor, not high in status, and not very educated. But on the other hand, being just an ordinary army officer, he told a lot in his lifetime and has a lot of life experience. Maksim Maksimych is very dedicated to his official duty. Humanity and selflessness are the main features that have become established in him as an officer. For many years, his main social circle was soldiers and Circassians. This explains his rather narrow outlook. But this does not mean that he is far from beautiful, on the contrary, he perceives everything around him quite sensitively. In addition, he is very affectionate, knows how to take care of another person. Despite his rich inner world, Maxim Maksimych was never able to start a family, he was very lonely. And so he poured out all his kindness on Bela, whom he fell in love with, as own daughter. He always tried to support, console her in difficult times. Even being very devoted to Pechorin, he could not forgive him for the death of the girl.
In the image of Maxim Maksimych, Lermontov expressed a simple man, close to the people, very devoted to service, duties.
The protagonist of the novel M. Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" - Grigory Alexandrovich Pechorin. It is his destiny, destiny" extra person' is at the center of the story. In the first part of the work, we get acquainted with Pechorin thanks to the story of Maxim Maksimych, included in the notes of a wandering officer. Maxim Maksimych is both the hero of the work and the narrator. Lermontov himself gave great importance development of this image, as evidenced by the sketch adjoining the novel, entitled "Caucasian":
The role of Maxim Maksimych in different parts of the novel is different. So, in the story "Bela" he is presented not so much actor how much an attentive witness and a talented storyteller. This is Lermontov's amazing find: Maxim Maksimych is not only a witness to the event he tells, but his personality is united with this event, as if Maxim Maksimych himself is his hero. The writer managed to look at the event through the eyes of an "old Caucasian" and tell this event in a simple, rough language, but always picturesque, always touching and amazing.
Attention should be paid to the features of the speech of Maxim Maksimych, a simple and modest narrator, in which the tradition is noticeable. fairy tale manner, characteristic of the “Tales of Belkin” by A. S. Pushkin (“ Stationmaster"). In his speech, Maxim Maksimych actively uses expressions and phrases from professional military terminology: “a transport with provisions has arrived”, “girls and young guys stand in two lines”. The same feature is also emphasized by the completely familiar, local, "Caucasian" words and expressions that have come into use: peaceful prince, kunak, dzhigitovka, saklya, dukhanshchina, beshmet, giaur, kalym, etc.
Sometimes in my story Maksim Maksimych, as it were, finds it difficult to recall any local Caucasian expression and replaces it with the corresponding Russian words: “The poor old man strums on a three-stringed ... I forgot how they say it ... well, like our balalaika.” This originality of Maxim Maksimych's speech manner is a direct expression of his attitude towards people, towards surrounding reality. The image of Maxim Maksimych outlined in the story "Bela" is revealed by the author in the story of the same name. Here he himself is a character, and the author tells us about him.
in the story and the behavior of Maxim Maksimych, we see how different his perception of reality is from Pechorin's views and attitude to life. The central event of the story is the capture of a young Circassian woman. Attention is drawn to the fact that Maxim Maksimych at first has a negative attitude towards Pechorin's act, but gradually his attitude is changing. In the sketch “The Caucasian”, Lermontov noted that under the influence of the harsh Caucasian reality, the old officers acquired a sober, prosaic outlook on life: “Cossacks do not tempt him, but at one time he dreamed of a captive Circassian woman, but now he has almost forgotten this one too. pipe dream". In the story of the kidnapping of Bela, told by Maxim Maksimych, Pechorin turns out to be fulfilling the "almost impossible dream" of every "Caucasian", including, perhaps, Maxim Maksimych himself. This is also evidenced by the fact that he sympathizes with Pechorin, to whom for a long time fails to "tame" the recalcitrant captive,
Maxim Maksimych notes that he is used to her as to his own daughter. His memories are full of sympathy and sadness that Pechorin gradually became disillusioned with his love and began to move away from his beloved. Moreover, knowing the character of Pechorin, Maxim Maksimych tries to distract the girl from her sad thoughts:
cold shine his eye reflected the cold gleam of his soul. We are once again convinced of this in the episode of the meeting between Maxim Maksimych and Pechorin after a five-year separation. Maxim Maksimych is convinced that the sad events of the past, memories of tragic incidents should bring people together, even if they part for a long time, but Pechorin has a different opinion. Perhaps that is why he does not show much joy when he sees his old comrade. Moreover, he seeks to avoid unpleasant memories and unpleasant conversations, and yet the poor old man was in such a hurry to see him that even “for the first time of his life, perhaps, he abandoned the affairs of the service for his own need, speaking in paper language - and how he was awarded !" The final chord of the story, the author's reflections finally place accents in the characters' characters.
Maxim Maksimych - is a minor character in the novel by Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time". This character is the only one secondary characters, which greatly helps to get an idea of Pechorin.
Lermontov told little about the biography of Maxim Maksimych. It is known that he was born into a poor family. He has no education. I haven't heard anything about my parents since I was thirty-eight. He devoted much of his life to military service. I fought in Chechnya for ten years. In the novel, he is a staff captain. Maxim Maksimych knows the Tatar language, since he served in the Caucasus for many years, and knows almost every person there. He does not have his own family: he does not know how to communicate with women, and he did not marry on time.
Maksim Maksimych is an active person. His hair turned gray early. There was also a mustache on the face. His face was always kind and benevolent. With everyone he communicated simply, in a friendly way and asked others to behave with themselves in the same way. Maksim Maksimych could find mutual language with anyone. It is also known that he was friends even with some robbers, and they responded with the same friendliness to him. Everyone who came into contact with him fell in love with him. In the service, the old man was always honest and served "in good conscience." Maxim Maksimych never once took a day off (once to see Pechorin). He has a little cunning in his character, but he is a completely non-proud and modest person.
In communication between Maxim Maksimych and Pechorin M.Yu. Lermontov showed two generations of that time. Pechorin was the face of all young people of the nineteenth century. The first difference can be seen during their meeting after many years of separation: Maxim Maksimych with great joy ran to meet young man. And Pechorin only coldly, but affably extended his hand for a handshake. This speaks of great emotionality and friendliness of the old man.
Maxim Maksimych was not indifferent to the fate of every person. After Pechorin abducted Bella, he took care of her as if he were his own daughter. Maxim Maksimych tried to draw Pechorin's attention to her.
Also, the old man was capable of tears, which he often tried to hide. In the novel, you can see situations when Maxim Maksimych could be offended (his emotions at Pechorin's attitude at the meeting) and become stubborn.
Literary critics called him a naive child. And the famous Belinsky wrote that Maxim Maksimych personifies a real Russian person.
Composition on the topic Maxim Maksimych
By his fifty years, Maxim Maksimych had a great life experience, remaining himself - benevolent and vulnerable person. The fact that in his life there was a lot of time spent in the Caucasus as an officer was reminiscent of the appearance of a fighter who turned gray too early, a dark tan, confidence and firmness in gait expressed over time.
Description appearance this hero is more mean in contrast to the characteristics of his inner world. This is evidenced by his attitude towards people of different statuses, generations. With Kazbich he is friendly, peacefully drinking tea. Maxim Maksimych was one of the Tatars invited to the celebration, the prince, since they "were kunak with him." He considers Pechorin to be his friend, who was cruel to him. But, despite this, Maxim Maksimych remained a man kind soul. He treated those around him equally - with respect, understanding, sympathy and love.
This man is unforgiving. When he found out about the arrival of Pechorin, he postponed everything that was planned. However, the meeting did not take place. This brought him unthinkable resentment and disappointment. But in the future, with good thoughts, he recalls an old friend.
The former elderly fighter was not educated, but his human qualities eclipsed it. Who knows how to sympathize, listen and understand, come to the rescue, disinterestedly offer his helping hand in Hard time- all this complemented the image of a sensitive and hospitable person. It is characterized by a strong sense of affection, fidelity to friendly relations. He good connoisseur local customs, who appreciates their customs. His “heart of gold” speaks of responsiveness.
Maxim Maksimych could not boast of prosperity in family life because he was a bachelor. He regrets the absence of his wife, that he does not know how to build relationships with women.
In this work, Maxim Maksimych played important role. He became an observer and participant in relations with Pechorin, a witness to Grigory's connection with Bela. From such episodes, the reader learned detailed description other heroes, thanks to the opposition of the image of Maxim Maksimych to them, as well as the author's sympathy for the hero.
Option 3
The novel by M.Yu. Lermontov was created on the basis of his impressions from his stay in the Caucasus. Reading his work, one does not feel at all that the work was composed at that time. Just immediately plunge into unusual world, populated different people with its own destiny and character.
Maksim Maksimych is one of them. We learn that an elderly staff captain serves with special zeal in a small distant Caucasian fortress. His Life is going quietly and imperceptibly for everyone, no events upset boring monotonous days. Suddenly, he is informed of the arrival of a young officer. For the old man's arrival unknown person is a real event. The warrior was glad that the officer had arrived and wanted to express all his unspent kindness towards him, hoping that he would become his close friend.
The narrator, listening to the story of the staff captain, feels how he reveals his feelings about best pages own life. But, Pechorin does not want to be friends with him. Noticing the strangeness in the behavior of the young man, Maxim Maksimych interprets in his own way. He says that Pechorin is from the class of those people with whom various rare episodes occur. And our old man fell in love with our hero. And even when he felt sorry for Bella, who died, and in his heart he made accusations against Pechorin, he still said about him that he was a poor thing. Once an officer pours out torments about his life to Maxim Maksimych. However, he did not understand the course of these thoughts. Yes, and how will he understand if he spends all the time in the old fortress, where he performs only his duties, poorly understanding mental ordeals younger generation that time.
Some time passes, but Maxim Maksimych is still attached to him. In order to meet with Pechorin, for the first time he forgets about his official affairs, and hurries to him. But he hears only a restrained phrase of greeting. He withstood their meeting with pain, he was bitter and insulting. Here we see how Pechorin destroys the concepts of friendship and loyalty with Maxim Maksimych. The old man understands that such an insensitive and indifferent person cannot possibly be a friend.
Showing various characters in 2 chapters, the author helps to think about the meaning of the work and understand Pechorin with his contradictory nature.
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The image of Maxim Maksimych in the novel by M. Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time"
“The history of the human soul ... is almost more curious and not more useful than history a whole people,” wrote M.Yu. Lermontov.
One of interesting heroes novel by M.Yu. Lermontov “A Hero of Our Time” is Maxim Maksimych. This is a sensitive nature, retaining its attachments for a long time (it is enough to recall how Maxim Maksimych met Pechorin). He loved him like his own, and was very offended by the cold and strained meeting, but remained faithful to him to the end. He loved Bela very much, loved him like a daughter. He was very sorry that she had died, and yet he understood that Pechorin would have abandoned her in the end, and for the poor mountain woman it would have been much worse than death. Maksim Maksimych's love for Bela is precisely paternal love with a hint of severe pity. And the fact that he was capable of such feelings proves the breadth of his soul. He could understand the actions, orders and customs of the highlanders, which seemed to be completely alien to his ideas. He spoke about the murder of Bela's father by Kazbich: "Of course, in their language, he was absolutely right." He was a man capable of ardent love and forgiveness. Rare qualities!
Like other heroes, he allows us to better understand the image of the main character of the novel - Pechorin.
Maxim Maksimych is an ordinary army officer. Service and life in the Caucasus influenced his soul and perception of life. He has seen a lot, he has a lot of experience behind him. Maxim Maksimych spent a lot of time in distant impregnable fortresses. Life among the soldiers, of course, affected his character. We see that he has a rather narrow outlook. But this is not a consequence of his nature, but a consequence of the fact that for many years his entire circle of contacts consisted of Circassians and soldiers.
It is worth mentioning the attitude of Maxim Maksimych towards his enemies - the Circassians. Despite the fact that he speaks of them with obvious disdain, he nevertheless studied their language, knows their customs and customs well. Through his eyes we look at the Circassians, their traditions and way of life.
Maxim Maksimych's whole life was spent among ordinary people. He did not experience true love. He didn't even have anyone to love. He gives all his unspent feeling of love to Bela. Being very devoted to Pechorin, he still cannot forgive him for the death of the girl.
Forgetting about himself, he serves people without demanding gratitude in return. Serving people is the meaning of his life. He appreciates even small manifestations of affection for himself. Moreover, we understand his grief that before his death, Bela did not remember him. Although it is immediately stipulated that he is not such a person to think about him before his death.
Army life taught him discipline. Call of duty for him above all. While waiting for Pechorin at the station, he “for the first time, perhaps, abandoned his service for his own needs ...” Maxim Maksimych is typical the best representative its environment. Despite the hardships of life, he retained a beautiful soul. He is kind, sympathetic, he has a “golden heart”.
Maxim Maksimych allows us to understand Pechorin, and Pechorin highlights best qualities"man of the people". This man believes in friendship. Comparing these heroes, we see how a simple officer is morally superior to the aristocrat Pechorin, jaded with life. This is especially clearly shown in the episode of the meeting between Maxim Maksimych and Pechorin.
“After all, now come running!” - he proudly declares, having learned from the footman that in the city of Pechorin. Maxim Maksimych is patiently waiting for the one who once brought him a lot of anxiety and grief. But Pechorin would have forgotten about him, and if the staff captain had not come running in time, he would have left without remembering Maxim Maksimych. When meeting with Pechorin, Maxim Maksimych cannot hold back his tears, he is so glad to see a friend. He is ridiculous in his sentimentality, but his weakness is worth much more than Pechorin's cold selfishness. A person who, after many years of separation, has carried love for his random comrade, is capable of much for the sake of friendship. Such people illuminate life with a soft, kind, hearty light, help to understand what is good and what is bad, to recognize and correct their mistakes. There are few such people. They are almost never famous, noble, rich, rarely occupy high positions. They give everything to their friends, everything they have, and even themselves.
When they are pushed away, as happened when Maxim Maksimych met Pechorin, they are very worried about this. It seems to me that people like Maksim Maksimych cannot be deliberately offended. This can only be done by a very insensitive or bad man. In my opinion, a person who has offended such a “Maxim Maksimych” should deeply experience his guilt, try to make amends for it, mitigate it. Therefore, sometimes it is quite difficult to communicate with such people.
And one more thing: such people are rarely offended. It may seem contradictory, but this is exactly what it is. The offender feels more offended than the offended.
These are weak people. Weak in relation to their friends. Forgiving people. They may scold their friends in front of them, but behind their backs they will always speak well of them. And when they scold in the face, they will experience it much more than those whom they scold.
This strong people. They do not forgive themselves for their weaknesses. Even when Maxim Maksimych says that he cried, looking at Pechorin with Bela, he corrects himself: “It’s not that he cried, but that’s stupidity!”
Such people rarely talk about themselves. Yes, it happens and is not necessary. It is clear what kind of person he is - from his first words.
These are the “first comers”, sent by fate, who usually find it so easy to express their anxieties and who can help you with a parable, a story or just a word!
It seems to me that you can check your actions by such people. You just need to think not about what they would say to you, but about how they would act in a similar situation.
Such people cannot and should not be many.
But if such a person becomes your friend, that's great.
Everything in the novel is subject main task- as deeply and in detail as possible to show the state of mind of the protagonist, in the image of which a portrait is given not of one person, but artistic type, which absorbed the features of a whole generation of young people of the thirties of the 19th century. The whole system of images in the novel is also subordinated to the main task - the disclosure of Pechorin's personality.
Most readers and critics perceived Pechorin as a negative hero. So did Emperor Nicholas I. Getting acquainted with the first part of the work, he decided that the "hero of our days" would be an unpretentious, honest campaigner Maxim Maksimych.
V.G. Belinsky recognized in Maksim Maksimych "a purely Russian type." He wrote: “... You, dear reader, surely did not dryly part with this old baby, so kind, so sweet, so humane and so inexperienced in everything that went beyond the close horizon of his concepts and experience. And God grant you to meet on the path of your life Maksimov Maksimychi!".
Maxim Maksimych is, according to Belinsky, "a kind simpleton who does not even suspect how deep and rich his nature is, how high and noble he is." The image of Maxim Maksimych is important for understanding the democratic aspirations of Lermontov's work. A similar image was encountered earlier in the works of the poet: it was the image of a mortally wounded soldier, a man of duty in the poem "Testament", brave and noble soldiers and commanders in "Borodino", "Valerika", and, finally, in the essay "Caucasian", where given a generalized image of an officer, a representative of a democratic environment, who for years exposed himself to military danger, and in the future a lonely, unsettled old age awaited him.
Maksim Maksimych is poor, has no high rank and not very educated. His life was difficult, and military service left a certain imprint on his character. He is an ordinary army officer who has seen a lot and has a lot of life experience. Call of duty is above all for him, while Maxim Maksimych is characterized by love of life and the ability to subtly perceive the beauty of the world around him. The staff captain is endowed with a sense of beauty, humane and selfless, he knows how to take care of people.
In relation to Pechorin, Maxim Maksimych is kind and hospitable. The old officer sincerely becomes attached to Grigory Alexandrovich and gives him tenderness and attention.
The kindness of the soul of Maxim Maksimych is also revealed in relation to Bela. He fell in love with the wild Circassian woman like his own daughter, deeply worried about her fate when Pechorin lost interest in her. Maxim Maksimych took care of Bela, trying to smooth her feelings. He even tried to talk with Pechorin about the fate of the girl, did not approve of his indifferent attitude towards Bela. Despite his kindness and sincerity, Maksim Maksimych is very lonely. He was unable to create a family and spent all the time in a lost fortress, regularly fulfilling his duties. "For him to live means to serve, and to serve in the Caucasus," wrote Belinsky. Maxim Maksimych knows the life of the highlanders and local customs very well: "These Asians are terrible beasts! I already know them, they won't deceive me."
Maxim Maksimych is a completely different character than the protagonist of the novel. The staff captain compares favorably with Pechorin in his simplicity and artlessness, reflection is not characteristic of him, he perceives life as it is, without philosophizing or analyzing. Maxim Maksimych is close to the surrounding reality. He understands the highlanders with their simple and primitive way of life, with their feelings, which find expression not in long speeches, but in actions. In the life of the highlanders, Maxim Maksimych sees nothing incomprehensible, inexplicable. On the contrary, Pechorin's character and behavior are completely incomprehensible to him. Pechorin in the eyes of Maxim Maksimych is "strange": "... he was very strange." The characteristics that Maxim Maksimych gives to Pechorin speak not only of the simplicity and naivety of his soul, but also of the rather limited abilities of his mind, of his inability to understand the complex and searching inner world of the protagonist: "It seems that in childhood he was spoiled by his mother." It is significant that the author trusts Maxim Maksimych to tell the story of "Bela", since the hero is too simple to understand Pechorin - basically Maxim Maksimych sets out external events. Maxim Maksimych's affection for Pechorin has been preserved over the years. This can be observed during the meeting of the heroes, five years later. Maxim Maksimych is so happy to meet that he quits "for the first time of his life ... the affairs of the service", forgetting about his years, runs to Pechorin, wants to "throw himself on the neck" from an overabundance of feelings. However, Pechorin meets his friend only with a dry, polite greeting. Maxim Maksimych accuses him of class arrogance: “What is in me for him? I’m not rich, I’m not official, and he’s not at all good for years ...” Maksim Maksimych took wishful thinking, therefore Pechorin’s attitude last meeting turned out to be a heavy blow of fate for the staff captain.
The speech manner of Maxim Maksimych is characterized by the use of expressions and turns from military professional terminology: "a transport with provisions has arrived"; "girls and young guys stand in two lines." At the same time, in Maxim Maksimych's speech, without any special affectation, without pressure, as completely familiar, included in daily use, the most common local, "Caucasian" words and expressions are found: peace prince, kunak, dzhigitovka, saklya, dukhanshchitsa, beshmet, giaour, bride price, etc. Sometimes in the speech of Maxim Maksimych himself, and more often in the direct speech of Kazbich and Azamat transmitted by him, separate words and phrases sound Tatar language: "Hey, Azamat, don't blow your head off," I told him: "Yaman will be your head!" But it also happens that in his story Maxim Maksimych seems to find it difficult to recall any local Caucasian expression and replaces it with the corresponding Russian words: "The poor old man strums on a three-stringed ... I forgot how they say ... well, like our balalaika." This originality of Maxim Maksimych's speech manner is a direct expression of his attitude towards people, towards the surrounding life.
In the most tense dramatic moments, Maxim Maksimych's language becomes especially expressive and approaches the style of the author: "He knelt beside the bed, lifted her head from the pillow and pressed her lips to her cold lips; she tightly wrapped her trembling arms around his neck, as if in this I wanted to give him my soul with a kiss ... ".
Belinsky also noted the high artistry of Maxim Maksimych’s speech: “Maxim Maksimych told the story of Bela in his own way, in his own language; but from this she not only lost nothing, but gained infinitely much. Kind Maksim Maksimych, without knowing it, became a poet, so that in each of his words, in each expression lies the endless world of poetry. We don’t know what is more surprising here: whether the poet, forcing Maxim Maksimych to be only a witness to the event he tells, so closely merged his personality with this event, as if Maxim Maksimych himself was his hero, or the fact that he was able to look so poetically, so deeply at the event through the eyes of Maxim Maksimych and tell this event in a simple, rude language, but always picturesque, always touching and amazing even in his very comic?... ".
It is significant how with the help of the word the "otherness" of the characters is set off. The inner world of Maxim Maksimych is revealed through the spoken word - a tale, the inner world of Pechorin - through the "journal" diary that he wrote for himself. Thus, such a character as Maxim Maksimych is very important for revealing the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe work and the character of Pechorin. These heroes are brought together by daring, love for nature, understanding of its greatness and beauty, courage and nobility, spontaneity and sincerity in communication, interest in the world around us, and an effective attitude towards it.
However, the kind and simple staff captain is unable to understand the character and actions of Pechorin, although he sincerely attaches himself to him. Maxim Maksimych perceives life as it is. He is a rather limited and primitive campaigner, faithful to the oath and regularly performing his duties. However, according to Belinsky, he has "a wonderful soul, a heart of gold." Of course, Pechorin and Maxim Maksimych could not become real friends, these people stand at different poles of life.
Every episode, every detail in the novel "A Hero of Our Time" is not accidental. All of them serve the same purpose - to show and reveal to the reader the image of the protagonist as fully as possible.
It is known that at first criticism condemned Pechorin and opposed him to the image of Maxim Maksimych that corresponded to her ideals. Nicholas I really liked this hero with his humility - Maxim Maksimych calmly pulls the strap military service in the Caucasus, does not protest against serfdom, what else is needed? But for Lermontov true hero Pechorin was free in his actions and thoughts.
However, this does not make the image of Maxim Maksimych less important and interesting in the novel.
In the work, we find Maxim Maksimych already an old campaigner, who is about fifty years old. Nothing is told about his past, the story of his life can only be guessed from individual details and hints.
Maxim Maksimych is an ordinary officer in the Caucasus. He is poor and practically uneducated. But most importantly, he knows how to love and care for people. He has seen a lot in his life, but his horizons are narrow, since he communicated only with his colleagues and mountaineers, whose customs and language he studied, despite the fact that they were enemies.
He is an unusually kind and sensitive person - one has only to remember how he met Pechorin. Maksim Maksimych is insanely happy to meet, abandons "for the first time of his life ... the affairs of the service", forgetting about his age, runs to Pechorin, wants to "throw on his neck", and Pechorin meets him only with a dry polite greeting. Maksim Maksimych accuses him of class arrogance: "What does he have in me? I'm not rich, I'm not official, and in terms of years he's not at all a match ... ". As you can see, Maxim Maksimych chose the simplest explanation for Pechorin's behavior, and agreed with him, not wanting to "drop" deeper, more seriously to understand the reasons for the coldness of Alexander Grigorievich. Nevertheless, despite Maxim Maksimych's disappointment in the meeting, he remained faithful to this strange friendship to the end.
Military life, of course, left its mark on the vocabulary and manner of speech of the staff captain. His conversation is replete with military professionalism. For example: "a transport with provisions has arrived"; "girls and young guys stand in two lines." But such turns sound from his lips as completely everyday, ordinary. There are also dialectisms in his speech, "Caucasian" words and expressions: "peaceful prince", "kunak", "dzhigitovka", "saklya", "dukhanshchitsa", "beshmet", "giaour", "kalym", etc. .
Sometimes in the speech of Maxim Maksimych himself, and more often in the direct speech of Kazbich and Azamat transmitted by him, individual words and phrases of the Tatar language sound: "Hey, Azamat, don't blow your head off," I told him: "Yaman will be your head!" But it also happens that in his story Maxim Maksimych seems to find it difficult to recall any local Caucasian expression and replaces it with the corresponding Russian words: "The poor old man strums on a three-stringed ... I forgot how they say ... well, like our balalaika."
The negative attitude of Maxim Maksimych towards the highlanders is expressed in his assessment of their customs and rituals. With a feeling of squeamish contempt, he says to Pechorin: "... everything is like this with these Asians: the booze was pulled, and the massacre began." Describing a Caucasian wedding, the hero condemns the custom of "inviting everyone you meet and cross to a wedding." Although, if you think about it, in such a custom you can see elements of the democratic nature of mountain society, when even a person of a simple rank can visit the prince, which was unacceptable at the wedding of a secular nobleman in Russia.
But we notice that the story of Maxim Maksimych is generally characterized by the desire to belittle the life and customs of the highlanders. He also speaks derogatoryly of himself. wedding ceremony in which he sees neither beauty nor manifestation folk spirit. Maxim Maksimych does not see beauty in trick riding either. For him, the highlander, who takes on the role of an entertainer for the audience, appears as "a ruffian, greasy, on a nasty, lame horse, breaks down, clowns, makes an honest company laugh."
But the nature of the hero is not as simple and mundane as it might seem. In the most tense dramatic moments, Maxim Maksimych's language becomes especially expressive and approaches the style of the author: "He knelt beside the bed, lifted her head from the pillow and pressed her lips to her cold lips; she tightly wrapped her trembling arms around his neck, as if in this I wanted to give him my soul with a kiss ... "This, in my opinion, speaks of the nobility of the hero, his ability to see the main thing in life.
As mentioned at the beginning, everything in the novel is not accidental, and the hero's speech, of course, too. If Pechorin reveals his inner world through the written word, that is, through his diary, then Maxim Maksimych reveals it through the spoken word. By his speech we can judge his inner world.
So, Maxim Maksimych is very kind, warmly and joyfully reacts to any manifestation of attention to him. But, despite this, he did not see love and did not create a family. This is probably why Maxim Maksimych fell in love with the Circassian Bela like a father. By the way, the author trusts him to tell the story about Bela, as the closest Russian person to her.
This hero is not inclined to reflection, he is completely simple, pure in the manifestations of his feelings, does not analyze and does not philosophize on life situations. But even his enemies, the highlanders, he perfectly understands. Having spent his whole life in these parts, Maxim Maksimych perfectly learned to understand and accept the highlanders, but Pechorin's impulsiveness, and indeed the character of Pechorin, remained incomprehensible and even "strange" for him: "... he was very strange."
It can be said that the staff captain judges all people from his bell tower. If Pechorin is incomprehensible to him, then "it is clear that in childhood he was spoiled by his mother."
IN research literature the image of Maxim Maksimych is called national type a simple Russian person. By general opinion critics, he embodies best features folk character- kindness, humanity, devotion, sincerity. It is traditionally believed that the image of Maxim Maksimych opposes Pechorin and is the representative of the people on the pages of the novel. Despite the fact that immediately after the release of the novel "A Hero of Our Time" fierce controversy unfolded around him, the image of the staff captain caused enthusiastic assessments. The most surprising, and even paradoxical, was that critics of various ideological trends expressed their sympathy for the old warrior with the Kabardian pipe. The reactionary critics of the so-called "official nationality" camp scolded the novel, Pechorin, Lermontov, but praised Maxim Maksimych. They were opposed by critics of a democratic orientation, who also praised the staff captain. There was an incredible unity of opinion - the image of Maxim Maksimych became a reconciling beginning for ideological opponents. “Of course, we must give the first place to Maxim Maksimovich,” wrote S. Shevyrev, “What an integral character of a native Russian good man, into whom the subtle infection of Western education has not penetrated; who, with the imaginary outward coldness of a warrior who has seen enough of the danger, retained all the ardor, all the life of the soul; who loves nature inwardly, without admiring it, loves the music of a bullet, because his heart beats stronger at the same time ... ".
Staff Captain Belinsky speaks in an even more enthusiastic spirit: "... and you will see what a warm, noble, even tender heart beats in the iron chest of this apparently hardened man; you will see how he understands everything with some kind of instinct human and takes an ardent part in it; how, contrary to his own consciousness, his soul longs for love and sympathy, - and you will fall in love with the simple, kind, rude in his manners, laconic in the words of Maxim Maksimych ... "The image of Maksim Maksimych plays big role in the novel. He is not only an auxiliary figure - he helps to reveal the image of Pechorin, but also in a completely independent way, traced and disclosed in sufficient detail.
/ / / The image of Maxim Maksimych in Lermontov's novel "A Hero of Our Time"
In the novel "" we meet with many characters and images created by M.Yu. Lermontov. feature secondary characters is their help in revealing the inner world, the character traits of the protagonist. In our case, such a hero is Pechorin. It was he who revealed the inner world not only of one person of that time, but of a whole stratum of youth of the thirties of the 19th century. That is why, in order to convey it better and more clearly, the author introduces such significant and important minor characters into the text of the novel.
An interesting character is Maxim Maksimych. He was an ordinary ordinary officer. Army service influenced the development of his personality and consciousness. He is poor, without rank and rank, but at the same time, he is very faithful to his official duty and is ready to fulfill it to the end.
Maxim Maksimych has a subtle and sensitive inner world, which is rarely seen in military, army people. He admires the beauty of the surrounding nature, he takes care of the people around him who need help.
Maxim Maksimych pays special attention to the person of Pechorin. He takes care of him with warmth and kindness. He also mentally treats, worries about her suffering, reassures and regrets, like his own daughter. Despite such positive features character, Maxim Maksimych could not create his own happy family so I was very lonely.
This character is completely different from the image of Pechorin. It has an extraordinary simplicity, it does not scatter artificial emotions. He relates to the world around him with an understanding of reality.
Strange enough to understand Maksim Maksimych. But, at the same time, the acquaintance of Maxim Maksimych and Pechorin is preserved after many years. Only now their last meeting was very disappointing for an ordinary officer. The staff captain was in a hurry to hug Pechorin at an unexpected collision, to which Grigory Alexandrovich answered only with a dry greeting. Such an attitude seriously wounded the soul of Maxim Maksimych.
If you analyze the hero's speech, you can see that in his expressions he often uses army phrases: "lined up in two lines, with provisions." He often uses local "Caucasian words" and does not emphasize them. And if Maxim Maksimych suddenly forgets a word, then he simply replaces it with the usual Russian expression.
It is the style of narrating various events that distinguishes Maxim Maksimych from Pechorin. The staff captain leads the story with the help of the spoken word. Pechorin uses the "diary - journal" to express his thoughts.
Therefore, in conclusion, it should be noted once again that such a simple and good-natured character as Maxim Maksimych is very important for revealing the image of the protagonist of the novel. They have a lot in common - love for nature, nobility, courage, spontaneity. But, Maxim Maksimych, despite the attachment to the main character, does not understand the actions and character of Pechorin.
