Address: Luzhnetsky proezd, 2
Opening hours: daily from 9:00 to 17:00, admission is free, free.
How to get to the Novodevichy cemetery: st. metro Sportivnaya avt. 64, 132, troll. 5, 15. Or when leaving v. metro Sportivnaya turn right and go along the street. 10th anniversary of October to the Novodevichy Convent, then turn left and walk along the monastery wall to the cemetery gate.
The first burials in the area of the current Novodevichy cemetery appeared in the 70s of the 16th century on the territory of the Novodevichy Convent. Nuns were buried in the monastery, and later others.
By the end of the 19th century, the monastery necropolis was almost full, and in 1898 two hectares of land were allocated on the south side of the monastery to increase the area of the cemetery. Under the guidance of professor of architecture I.P. Mashkov, the walls of the cemetery were built and plots were planned. The official opening of the Novodevichy cemetery took place in 1904, but burials began to be made before its opening. Now the territory of this cemetery is called "the old Novodevichy cemetery".
In 1949, the cemetery was expanded even further south, and this territory was called "New Novodevichy cemetery". During the years 1950-1956, walls were built around the new territory, as well as service premises. Once again, the Novodevichy Cemetery was expanded in 1970 by the "Newest Novodevichy Cemetery". Today Novodevichy Cemetery consists of four parts with a total area of more than 7.5 hectares. About 26,000 people are buried here.
Since the beginning of the Novodevichy cemetery was laid in the necropolis of the monastery, but it is here that the most ancient burials are located. The remains of the daughter of Ivan the Terrible Anna, his daughter-in-law and daughter-in-law lie in the basement of the Smolensky Cathedral of the Novodevichy Convent. The daughters of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, the sisters of Peter I, as well as princesses Sophia (nun Susanna), Evdokia and Ekaterina Miloslavsky, the first wife of Peter I Evdokia Lopukhina (nun Elena) are also buried here. In the 19th century, wealthy merchants, writers, scientists, musicians, prominent political and public figures began to be buried on the territory of the monastery.
In 1922, the Novodevichy Convent, together with the cemetery, acquired the status of a museum and was taken under state protection. But in 1930, it was decided to break a square with lawns and alleys on the site of the necropolis. As a result of reconstruction, out of more than two thousand ancient graves, only about a hundred remained, and they were significantly damaged.
But on the territory of the monastery, the transformations were not so destructive. Here are the graves famous hero Patriotic War 1812 of the poet Denis Davydov, Prince S. Trubetskoy, Lieutenant Colonel M.I. Muravyov-Apostol, A.N. Pleshcheev, writers I.I. Lazhechnikov and A.F. Pisemsky, the creator of the orphanage Nikolai Rukavishnikov, historian S.M. Solovyov, philosopher Vl.S. Solovyov, writer Vs.S. Solovyov, historian and writer M.P. Pogodin, the founder of the Historical Museum Count A.S. Uvarov, General A.A. Brusilov, father of Herzen landowner Ivan Alekseevich Yakovlev, director of the Department of Spiritual Affairs of the Ministry of Spiritual Affairs and Public Education - A.I. Turgenev, brothers N. A. and D. A. Milyutins. The grave of A.P. Chekhov. Chekhov died of tuberculosis in the German spa town of Badenweiler in July 1914. The body of the writer was delivered to Moscow in a special refrigerated car designed to transport oysters. At first, Chekhov was buried next to the grave of his father, and later the ashes of the writer were transferred to the "old" section of the Novodevichy cemetery.
At the apses of the Smolensk Cathedral you can see a large white marble slab - the first abbess of the Novodevichy Convent, Elena Detochkina (died November 18, 1548), is buried here. Mother Superior Seraphim Chernaya (1914-1999) was also buried on the territory of the monastery.
As already mentioned, after the revolution, the Novodevichy Cemetery turned into a burial place for high-ranking officials. When an active anti-religious campaign unfolded in the 1930s, the graves of many famous people, among which were the burials of N.V. Gogol, D.V. Venevitinov, writer S.T. Aksakov, artist I.I. Levitan, Sergei and Pavel Tretyakov and others. On the old territory there is also the grave of the famous Russian bass - F.I. Chaliapin. Initially, after the death of Chaliapin, he was buried in Paris, and almost fifty years later, the ashes of the singer were reburied in Moscow at the Novodevichy cemetery.
In the old territory of the cemetery, the numbering of plots starts from the Central Alley. On the 1st and 2nd sections, the rows run in the direction of Luzhenetsky passage, and for the 3rd and 4th sections - in the direction of the "newest" cemetery. On the first section there are only 47 rows, of which 40 are located perpendicular to the monastery wall, and 7 run parallel to it. On the second section there are 41 rows, on the third - 65, and on the fourth - 61 rows.
The writers M. A. Bulgakov, V. A. Gilyarovsky, A. N. Tolstoy, V. V. Mayakovsky, I. A. Ilf, N. A. Ostrovsky, S. Ya. Marshak, L. A. Kassil, V. M. Shukshin, directors V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, E. B. Vakhtangov, S. M. Eisenstein, famous actors L.P. Orlova, O.I. Yankovsky, musicians A. N. Skryabin, I. O. Dunaevsky, S. S. Prokofiev, D. D. Shostakovich, sculptor V. I. Mukhina, scientists S. I. Vavilov, I. M. Sechenov, P. P. Kashchenko, V. I. Vernadsky, architect A. V. Shchusev, surgeon N. N. Burdenko, politicians L. M. Kaganovich, A. M. Kollontai, A. I. Mikoyan, V. M. Molotov, A. A. Gromyko, Stalin’s second wife N. S. Alliluyeva - and this is just a short list of names.
Plots 5 to 8 are considered "New" territory. It began to be used in the middle of the 20th century. Within the walls of the New Cemetery there is a columbarium for the burial of urns with ashes. Now, about 7,000 urns are stored in the columbarium of the New Cemetery. One of the most famous burials in this area is the grave of the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, which is located on the Central Alley. To the right of the entrance is the 5th section, to the left - the 6th, and to the left of the 6th section is the 8th (along the wall of the Khamovniki shaft). Plot number 7 is located in the far part of the cemetery behind plots 5, 6 and 8. Writers A. T. Tvardovsky, I. G. Ehrenburg, N. A. Zabolotsky, Yu. S. Semyonov, directors M. I. Romm, I. A. Pyryev, singers Mark Bernes, L. Ruslanova, A. Vertinsky, artist A. A. Deineka, aircraft designer A. N. Tupolev, musicians S. Richter, M. Rostropovich, ballerina G. Ulanova, actor Yu. Nikulin, politicians N. S. Khrushchev, R. M. Gorbachev, governor Krasnoyarsk Territory A. I. Lebed.
The "newest" territory of the Novodevichy cemetery arose in the early 80s on the site of a stone-cutting workshop. You can go here along the Central Alley, which starts at the entrance. On Newest cemetery actors Evgeny Leonov, Evgeny Evstigneev, Rolan Bykov, Anatoly Papanov, Rostislav Plyatt, Igor Ilyinsky, Innokenty Smoktunovsky, Oleg Borisov, Nikolai Kryuchkov, Clara Luchko, Vyacheslav Tikhonov, Mikhail Ulyanov, Georgy Zhzhenov, Oleg Yankovsky, composers Georgy Sviridov, Alfred Schnittke are buried , Dmitry Kabalevsky, singers Ivan Kozlovsky, Claudia Shulzhenko, legendary announcer Yuri Levitan, cosmonauts German Titov and Georgy Beregovoy, heroic pilot Alexei Maresyev, academician P. L. Kapitsa, directors Sergei Bondarchuk, Sergei Gerasimov.
Novodevichy Cemetery is included in the list world heritage UNESCO. Many travel companies mention it as a historical and cultural monument. In addition to the burials of prominent personalities, the cemetery is also known for unique tombstones made by such architects as: N. A. Andreev, M. K. Anikushin, E. V. Vuchetich, L. E. Kerbel, S. T. Konenkov, V. I. Mukhina, E. I. Unknown, N. V. Tomsky, I. D. Shadr and others. Some graves and urns are monuments cultural heritage regional and federal significance.
The history of the capital's cemeteries has hundreds of secrets and legends. Reburials, during which the heads of the dead disappeared, encrypted inscriptions on the monuments, Scandinavian marks and bulletproof caps for tombstones...
Online edition m24.ru launches new project where you will learn about the history, legends and state of the art metropolitan cemeteries. In the first article, we will talk about the Novodevichy Cemetery, where 57 tombstones have recently been restored famous people arts, science and technology.
Gogol and Chekhov, Stanislavsky and Vakhtangov, Shostakovich and Prokofiev found their last refuge at the Novodevichy Cemetery. Yeltsin, Khrushchev, Stalin's wife Nadezhda Alliluyeva and even the head of the Chinese Communist Party Wang Ming are buried here.
Burials on the territory of the Novodevichy Convent arose in the 16th century. By the beginning of the 20th century, there was practically no free space left in the monastery necropolis, and graves began to appear near the southern wall of the monastery.
The territory of the Novodevichy cemetery was repeatedly expanded. total area of all plots is now more than 7.5 hectares. About 26 thousand people are buried in the cemetery, the territory of which is divided into old, new and new. On the monastery territory, the graves of mainly Decembrists and heroes of the war of 1812 survived, as well as renowned professors and public figures.
Chekhov's label
The body of Anton Chekhov, who died in Germany from tuberculosis, was transported to Moscow in a wagon designed to transport oysters. The writer is buried next to the grave of his own father. At the foot of the monument, a Scandinavian mark has been preserved - an ancient graphic image christian cross.
Stone "Golgotha"
The tombstone on the grave of Mikhail Bulgakov is the stone "Golgotha" (it was named so due to the shape resembling the mountain where Jesus Christ was crucified) from the former burial place of Nikolai Gogol in the Danilov Monastery. This porous Black Sea granite, according to legend, was brought by Konstantin Aksakov from the Crimea. Bulgakov's widow Elena Sergeevna discovered Calvary, according to one version, in the workshops of the Novodevichy cemetery, according to another, in a pit where the craftsmen dumped production waste.
Since Bulgakov considered Gogol his teacher and even looked for inspiration at his monument in Moscow, there was no doubt about the fate of the stone: it was bought and installed on the grave of the author of The Master and Margarita.
Photo: m24.ru/Alexander Avilov
four notes
The gravestone of the composer Dmitry Shostakovich depicts four notes: D, E-flat, C and B. If you write them in Latin notation, you get DSCH - the initials of the composer. The theme of these four notes is considered his hallmark.
Photo: m24.ru/Alexander Avilov
Buried twice
It is believed that Maria Yermolova has two graves. Initially, the actress was buried on the territory of the temple in the former village of Vladykino. Shortly before the war, Yermolova's ashes were transferred to the Novodevichy cemetery, but no documents confirming this have been preserved.
Photo: m24.ru/Alexander Avilov
Posthumous dialogue
Vera Mukhina, the author of The Worker and the Collective Farm Woman, and her husband, the surgeon Zamkov, are buried in the old territory of the cemetery. On the monument to Zamkov, there is an inscription: "I gave everything to people," and on the monument to Mukhina, who died 11 years after the death of her husband, - "... And I, too."
Photo: m24.ru/Alexander Avilov
By the way, Mukhina considered her best creation not "Worker and Collective Farm Woman", but a memorial sculpture in the form of a dying swan, made for the grave opera singer Leonida Sobinova. He is also buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery.
Photo: m24.ru/Alexander Avilov
Chinese communist leader
Novodevichy Cemetery is one of the most popular attractions among Chinese tourists. This is because one of the former leaders of the Communist Party of China, Wang Ming, is buried here, who fell into disgrace after the formation of the PRC and spent last years life in the USSR.
Photo: m24.ru/Alexander Avilov
Gogol without a head
During the reburial of Nikolai Gogol, who was originally buried in the Danilov Monastery, experts found that the skull of the author " dead souls"is missing. In addition, the head and body of the writer were turned to one side. After that, rumors spread that Gogol was buried alive during a lethargic sleep.
Photo: m24.ru/Alexander Avilov
Galina Ulanova
Galina Ulanova impressed people as unprotected and touching weak woman, but was extremely persistent. A fragile figure carved on a rough white stone great ballerina reflects this contrast.
Yury Nikulin
Yuri Nikulin on the monument is depicted at the age of a little over 40 years - the way his fans remembered and loved him. The composition of the monument depicts Nikulin's favorite - a dog of the Giant Schnauzer breed, which the artist brought from abroad.
Boris Yeltsin
Boris Yeltsin was interred in the central alley of the Novodevichy cemetery. Grave of the first Russian President located in such a way that it does not coexist with other burials.
Konstantin Stanislavsky
The monument to Konstantin Stanislavsky was created by the famous sculptor Salavat Shcherbakov. The headstone is a monument with a snow-white cross, under which the legendary Moscow Art Theater "seagull" and flowing curtains are depicted.
Evgeny Vakhtangov
Evgeny Vakhtangov died of stomach cancer at the age of 39. An abstract figure in a raincoat without a face under a hood - this is how the sculptor Oleg Komov presented the famous theatrical figure.
Nadezhda Alliluyeva
In the mid-70s, vandals threw the monument to Stalin's wife Nadezhda Alliluyeva from the pedestal, after which two cast-iron roses disappeared from it. The nose of the monument itself was chipped off. After the restoration, the bust was placed in a plastic cube, about the "bulletproof" which was legendary.
Vladimir Mayakovsky
Initially, the ashes of the deceased mysterious circumstances Vladimir Mayakovsky was in the columbarium of the New Donskoy cemetery. Later, as a result of the persistent actions of Lily Brik and the elder sister of the poet Lyudmila, the urn with the ashes of Mayakovsky was moved and buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.
Vasily Shukshin
The sculptors made the monument to Vasily Shukshin in the form of a cube and an arrow without a tip passing through it - a symbol of a cut short life. At first, they wanted to bury the writer and film director in their homeland in Siberia, but a whole galaxy of famous people insisted that Shukshin's body should rest in the Novodevichy cemetery.
Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya
The ashes of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya were transferred to the Novodevichy Cemetery in May 1942. The current monument, in contrast to its Soviet ideologically sustained "predecessor", reflects the tragic fate of the first female hero Soviet Union war years and the pain she had to endure.
Vladimir Vernadsky
Initially, it was planned to use his quote as an epitaph for the monument to Academician Vladimir Vernadsky: "There is nothing in the world stronger than free scientific thought." However, this statement was not accepted. Soviet censorship and was replaced by a more "politically correct" one.
Yuri Levitan
During the Great Patriotic War, Yuri Levitan voiced about 2 thousand reports of the Sovinformburo and over 120 emergency messages. On the monument, the main announcer of the USSR is depicted speaking, next to him is his constant companion - a microphone.
Vyacheslav Tikhonov
The long-awaited monument to Vyacheslav Tikhonov was unveiled to the accompaniment of the melody from the film "Seventeen Moments of Spring". The bronze figure "Stirlitz", cast in Italy, rises against the background of a bas-relief based on gospel story"Adoration of the Magi".
Andrey Tupolev
It is easy to recognize the monument to the outstanding Soviet aircraft designer Andrei Tupolev. It depicts the engineer's life's work - an airplane and three stars of the Hero of Socialist Labor. On the machines created by Tupolev, 78 world records were set, about 30 outstanding flights were made.
Raisa Gorbacheva
Mikhail Gorbachev insisted that his wife be buried on the site of a former flower garden opposite the columbarium. They say that at first the relatives of those buried in the wall were against the destruction of the flower bed, but when they saw the work of the architect Friedrich Sogoyan, who depicted the "first lady" of the USSR as young and sad, they agreed.
Walks in Moscow:: Novodevichy Convent and Novodevichy Cemetery April 20th, 2013
Yesterday we happened to be in the Novodevichy area.
Model of the Novodevichy Convent
Novodevichy cemetery- one of the most famous places burials of the dead in Moscow. It arose in 1898 near the southern wall of the Novodevichy Convent. It is located in the southwestern part of the Central Administrative District, in Khamovniki (Luzhnetsky proezd, 2)
Novodevichy Cemetery is included in the list of many travel companies as a historical and cultural monument Russian capital. The cemetery is rich tombstones performed famous sculptors, and many graves and urns with ashes are monuments of cultural heritage of regional and federal significance
Plan-scheme burials ()
And list, buried at the Novodevichy cemetery
Nikulin, Yuri Vladimirovich(1921-1997) - circus performer, film actor, director of the circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard, People's Artist of the USSR; the author of the monument A. I. Rukavishnikov; 5 accounts 23 row at the Central Alley.
Moiseev, Igor Alexandrovich(1906-2007) - choreographer, choreographer, ballet dancer.
Monument to the heroes of the defense of Moscow in 1941 - Lev Mikhailovich Dovator, Viktor Vasilyevich Talalikhin, Ivan Vasilyevich Panfilov.- Reburied in 1959.
Govorov, Vladimir Leonidovich(1924-2006) - Chairman of the Committee of War Veterans, General of the Army, Hero of the Soviet Union; son of Marshal of the Soviet Union L. A. Govorov.
Tikhonov Vyacheslav Vasilievich(1928-2009) - the most brilliant actor.
Gurchenko, Lyudmila Markovna (1935—2011) — People's Artist USSR, singer, director.
Luchko, Klara Stepanovna(1925-2005) - film actress, People's Artist of the USSR.
Borovik Artyom Genrikhovich(1960 - 2000) - journalist.
Markov Dmitry Sergeevich(1905-1992) - Soviet aircraft designer, since 1949 - chief designer of the Tupolev Design Bureau.
Papanov, Anatoly Dmitrievich(1922-1987) - actor of the Theater of Satire, film actor, People's Artist of the USSR; the author of the monument is D. I. Naroditsky.
Kapitsa Sergey Petrovich(1928-2012) - Soviet and Russian physicist, TV presenter, Chief Editor magazine "In the World of Science" Since 1973, he has consistently hosted the popular science TV program "Obvious - Incredible". Laureate's son Nobel Prize Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa.
Margelov, Vasily Filippovich(1908-1990) - Commander of the Airborne Forces, General of the Army, Hero of the Soviet Union.
Popkov Vitaly Ivanovich(1922-2010) - lieutenant general of aviation, twice Hero of the Soviet Union.
Vitaly Ivanovich - the prototype of the commander Titarenko ("Maestro") and Lieutenant Alexandrov ("Grasshopper") from the film by Leonid Bykov Only "old men" go into battle
Oops ... I’ll tell you exactly who it is ... I really liked the face, but I didn’t look at the name ...
But I will try to rehabilitate myself and I will reason logically ...
Judging by the tombstones in the background, some of which I "know by sight" well - this sculpture is located on the 11th section, in the 3rd row, exactly with its back to the monument to Air Marshal Alexander Petrovich Silantyev.
But alas, there is no clear scheme of all burials on the Internet, and even the plan that is available at the entrance to the cemetery has gaps ... whole rows are missing, so this information is clearly not enough ....
Judging by the insignia, which are very clearly visible, namely, the epaulettes of the general of the army of the sample of 1974-1994, as well as the fact that the outline of the drawing on the general’s table is very reminiscent of the territory of the former GDR .... I dare to assume that this is a monument Ivanovsky Evgeny Filippovich- Soviet military commander, Hero of the Soviet Union, army general, who from July 1972 to December 1980 was the Commander-in-Chief of the Group Soviet troops in Germany.
If I'm wrong, please correct me, I'd appreciate it.
Maresyev, Alexey Petrovich(1916-2001) - pilot, colonel, Hero of the Soviet Union.
Due to a severe wound during the Great Patriotic War, both legs were amputated. However, despite the disability, the pilot returned to the sky and flew with prostheses.
Maresyev is the prototype of the hero of Boris Polevoy's story "The Tale of a Real Man".
Gilyarov Mercury Sergeevich(1912-1985) - Russian, Soviet zoologist, entomologist, founder of soil zoology, evolutionary biologist, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR
Levitan, Yuri Borisovich(1914-1983) - announcer of the All-Union Radio, People's Artist of the USSR.
Kasatonov, Vladimir Afanasevich(1910-1989) - Admiral of the Fleet, Hero of the Soviet Union
Bondarenko, Grigory Alekseevich(1921-1988) - Admiral (1972), Hero of Socialist Labor (1985)
Gorshkov, Sergei Georgievich(1910-1988) - Commander of the Navy, Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union, twice Hero of the Soviet Union.
Pokryshkin, Alexander Ivanovich(1913-1985) - pilot, Air Marshal, the first three times Hero of the Soviet Union.
Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich(1894-1971) - First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR; author of the monument Ernst Neizvestny.
Excursion of guests from South-East Asia. For a very long time they were discussing something in a language unknown to us at the grave of Nikita Sergeevich :)
Caryofilli, Georgy Spiridonovich(1901-1971) - Colonel General of Artillery.
Ilyushin, Sergei Vladimirovich(1894-1977) - aircraft designer, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, colonel general, laureate of Lenin and eight State Prizes THE USSR; the author of the monument is D. I. Naroditsky.
Monument to the Tu-144 crew that crashed at the Le Bourget air show in 1973.
On Sunday, June 3, 1973, at the 30th Le Bourget International Air Show (near Paris, France), the first ever supersonic airliner crash occurred. The Soviet Tu-144S was performing a demonstration flight when, in front of 250-350 thousand spectators, it suddenly went into a dive, and a few seconds later broke apart in the air and fell on residential areas located under it. A total of 14 people died in the crash.
Amet Khan, Sultan(1920-1971) - military pilot, Honored Test Pilot of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union.
Ptushko Alexander Lukich(1900 - 1973) - Soviet film director, cameraman, animator, screenwriter, artist, master fairy tale genre to the cinema. National artist THE USSR. It was thanks to him that “Sadko”, “Ilya Muromets”, “ Scarlet Sails”, “The Tale of Lost Time”, “The Tale of Tsar Saltan”, “Ruslan and Lyudmila” and many, many other paintings.
Tupolev, Andrey Nikolaevich(1888-1972) - aircraft designer, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, colonel-general, laureate of the Lenin and five State Prizes of the USSR).
Lebed, Alexander Ivanovich(1950-2002) - Russian military figure, lieutenant general, candidate for the presidency of the Russian Federation, governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
Gorbacheva, Raisa Maksimovna(1932-1999) - Soviet and Russian public figure; wife of M. S. Gorbachev.
Monument to the Soviet military delegation and the crew of the Il-18 aircraft("Aeroflot"), who died in a plane crash in Yugoslavia on October 19, 1964.
while landing at the Belgrade airport, the Il-18 collided with Mount Avala 180 meters from its top and exploded. As a result of the disaster, the Soviet military delegation, flying to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the liberation of Belgrade from German occupiers and all crew members of the IL-18.
Grachev, Pavel Sergeevich(1948-2012) - Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation (1992-1996), General of the Army (1992), Hero of the Soviet Union.
Among the graves I wander alone ...
But again the silent moon
Brings fabulous news
I don't know why, but I love cemeteries. The silence and peace that reign in such places somehow especially affects me. walking among grave monuments and studying the dates of birth and death, you are especially aware of the fragility of our life and come to terms with the idea that sooner or later we all will rest in peace.
There is a cemetery in Moscow where anyone can pay tribute to the most famous and honored contemporaries. The whole flower of Russia rests on Novodevichy and it is unforgivable not to come here at least once in your life. Yesterday, when November gave us another warm and sunny day, uncharacteristic for our latitudes at this time of the year, we went to Luzhniki to look at the tombstones of those who brought glory to our country.
The Novodevichy Cemetery is located next to the Novodevichy Bogoroditse-Smolensky Convent on the Maiden's Field. It was founded Grand Duke Vasily III in 1524.
For the repose of the nuns of the monastery on the territory of the monastery, they allotted a place for burial. The churchyard became known as the Novodevichy cemetery.
In 1922, the Novodevichy Convent was closed, and the building housed the "Museum of the era of the reign of Princess Sophia and the Streltsy riots", which was later renamed the "Museum of the Emancipation of Women." This museum did not last long, only 4 years.
Once upon a time there were workshops of artists on the territory of the monastery, for example, the bell tower was transferred to the futurist artist Vladimir Tatlin, and the famous restorer Pyotr Baranovsky lived here for almost 50 years.
The dead interfered with the museum staff, they were uncomfortable near the graves and the monastery necropolis was liquidated. After its liquidation, only 16 graves were transferred to the modern cemetery. Reburials were carried out by the relatives of the deceased, but many were afraid to do this, since the monastic cemeteries were considered the territories of the "whites", and it was dangerous to declare kinship with the resting "enemies of the people" at that time. The remaining monuments from the necropolis were collected in one place, those who wished dismantled them for installation on the graves of their relatives, changing the old inscriptions to new ones.
The following are buried in the old churchyard: the daughters of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, who were sisters of Peter the Great; relatives of Ivan the Terrible; Evdokia Lopukhina - wife of the first Russian emperor; Evdokia and Ekaterina Miloslavsky; queen Sophia.
In the future, in addition to the ministers of the church, secular people of various classes began to be buried here: merchants, musicians, famous civil servants, writers and scientists. In particular, the graves of Denis Davydov, historian Pogodin, writer Lazhechnikov, Lieutenant Colonel Muravyov-Apostol, philosopher Solovyov, Prince Trubetskoy, General Brusilov have been preserved. In 1914, the remains of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov were buried here.
The modern territory of the cemetery is divided into three parts: the old (sections 1–4), the new (sections 5–8) and the newest (sections 9–11). The total area of the cemetery exceeds 7.5 hectares. About 26 thousand people are buried on it.
We walked around the churchyard in a strange mood. How many great families are here! It is an honor to be buried here. Grave ordinary people almost not.
So, let's take a look at these tombstones.
Galina Ulanova. A ballerina whose name is inscribed in gold in the history of Russian ballet.
Monument to Army General Govorov. I really liked it. Very decent, truly masculine.
Rossinsky is the "grandfather of Russian aviation".
And this is the grave of Yuri Yakovlev. Remember the movie "Ivan Vasilyevich Changes Profession"?
Cameraman Vadim Yusov.
Sculptor Tsigal. The actress Lyubov Polishchuk was married to her nephew Sergei Tsigal.
I was struck by the grave of the artist Lev Durov. In my opinion, the monument perfectly conveys his personality.
Stanislav Govorukhin. Let it be for now.
famous surgeon Shumakov.
And this is Mikhail Ulyanov
Grave of Rolan Bykov
Innokenty Smoktunovsky
Clara Luchko
Vertinsky.
Alla Bayanova
There are many visitors on the cemetery paths, and among them there are almost no relatives of the deceased. Excursions lead here and at the graves you can often hear the guide's story. The cemetery has become a museum
You can endlessly admire the peculiar architecture of tombstones
An elegant monument to the actress Tatyana Samoilova. "The Cranes Are Flying", "Anna Karenina"
Ludmila Zykina
And next to Yuri Nikulin. An unusually living monument. It seems the clown sat down to rest and smoke a cigarette in between exits to the arena
A faithful dog lies nearby
The ballerina Ekaterina Maximova has a monument like this...
And this is the merry fellow Boris Brunov
Beautiful Marina Ladynina
An amazing monument to the famous choreographer Igor Moiseev. Peculiar, right?
There are always fresh flowers on the grave, there are a lot of them.
Grave of Mstislav Rostropovich and Galina Vishnevskaya. Modest in my opinion
I approached Yevgeny Primakov with flowers. Recently this outstanding person was a birthday. hundreds Red roses. He was the conscience and honor of our government. I think so and respect him immensely
And this is the tricolor, spread over the grave of the first president of Russia Boris Yeltsin
Behind Yeltsin - Igor Kio
Raisa Gorbachev. Touching and very elegant. Conveys the image of the first lady of Russia
And the people walk in dense groups and carefully listen to the guide
Vladimir Zeldin and his wife Yvetta are buried in the same grave
Elena Obraztsova
No words are needed here. Tabakov....
And this is Nikita Khrushchev
Beautiful monument to the pilot Popkov
Ludmila Gurchenko
Tatyana Shmyga
Vyacheslav Tikhonov. God, what names!
The grave of my favorite artist Oleg Borisov and his brother
Irina Arkhipova
Our Great Movie Traveler
Artem Borovik, who died in a plane crash
Evgeny Evstigneev
And this is the grave of director Sergei Bondarchuk and his daughter Elena, who died of cancer in 2009
Look how modest and simple Yevgeny Leonov's grave is! Just an autograph of an actor...
Here I stood for a long time. Very. This is the grave of director Sergei Kolosov and his wife Lyudmila Kasatkina. What is love? Remember the Russian ending folk tales? "They lived a long time and died on the same day." So it was with them. Lyudmila Ivanovna Kasatkina ("Remember Your Name", "Tiger Tamer") survived her husband by only 6 days. They only parted ways for six days! Incredible...
Let's stop in front of this grave. Here lies the circus performer and husband of Galina Brezhneva - Yevgeny Milaev. In January of this year, the granddaughter of the General Secretary, Victoria, passed away.
Here she is. All that remains of the once most powerful family of the USSR
Viktor Chernomyrdin and his wife
And this is the pretentious grave of Pochinok. What do we remember him for? To me, nothing. But the headstone is luxurious
Fyodor Chaliapin
Sergei Eisenstein
Prepared the grave for the next funeral...
Minister of Culture
Cemetery Vagankovsky- This is one of the largest and most famous necropolises in Moscow. The memorial Complex occupies an area of 50 hectares of land. Its location is the northwestern part of the capital.
The Vagankovo cemetery in Moscow has become one of the monuments of history and culture.
Necropolis - the last refuge
In the capital of our country there are three cemeteries where it is customary to bury folk idols: Novodevichy, Vagankovskoye, and Kuntsevo cemetery.
The first is the most prestigious, people who officially made history are buried here. The Vagankovskoye cemetery is a kind of alternative, those who “did not reach” Novodevichy for some reason are buried here, mostly public figures, surrounded by folk love, fame and glory. Surprisingly, the word "vagant" is translated as "wandering artists", thus, the necropolis seems to tell in advance about the kind of activity of those who found their last shelter here.
History of occurrence
The Vagankovo cemetery was founded in 1771 by order of Count Grigory Orlov. Catherine II personally sent him to Moscow to prevent the consequences of the plague.
The formation of a new burial place was a necessary measure due to the many deaths from terrible disease. Land in the old cemeteries was sorely lacking.
Over the next years (until the middle of the 19th century) this place was the last refuge of peasants, petty officials, ordinary residents of Moscow.
The Vagankovskoye cemetery in Moscow gained its popularity after the burial of the dead soldiers of the Russian army in 1812 in the battle of Borodino. After that, the graves of people who wrote their names in history began to appear here: politicians, writers, poets, scientists, military personnel, actors and others.
By the end of the 20th century, the Vagankovo churchyards had become well-known and prestigious places for burial.
Today, there are no places for new graves in the necropolis, however, related burials and burials of urns are allowed (in closed, open columbariums and in the ground).
Once a week they spend here sightseeing tours. People visiting the Vagankovskoye cemetery take photos here quite often, taking pictures of the graves of idols.
Temple
At the entrance to the territory of the necropolis there is a complex of buildings: on the one hand, the church, on the other - administrative premises.
In 1772 a small wooden church named after John the Merciful was erected. Instead, in 1824, a stone Church of the Resurrection of the Word was built; A. Grigoriev became its architect. Funds for the construction were provided by Moscow merchants. Historical bells have been preserved in the Temple to this day.
In memory of the old church, a rotunda chapel was built, which is still there today.
The doors of the Temple were always open, even in Soviet times.
Mass graves at the Vagankovsky cemetery
The tragic moments of our history can be traced through local burials.
Here are mass graves soldiers of the battle of Borodino, burials of those who died during the stampede on the Khodynka field.
On the territory of the famous necropolis are:
- a memorial dedicated to the victims of Stalin's repressions;
- the mass grave of the defenders of Moscow who died in 1941-1942;
- monuments to those killed during the 1991 putsch, defenders of the White House and child actors who were victims terrorist act in 2002 during the musical "Nord-Ost".
Vagankovsky cemetery: graves of celebrities (photo)
Not all people come to the Moscow necropolis to visit the burials of their deceased relatives. Most visitors are looking for the burial places of famous people, for whom the Vagankovskoye cemetery has become the last refuge.
Photos of celebrities, forever immortalized in stone, have always attracted the eye. For some, this is comparable to a trip to historical Museum. On the territory of the Moscow necropolis there is a map that will help you navigate the terrain.
One of the most popular graves is the grave of Archpriest Valentin Amfiteatrov. It is considered miraculous, many pilgrims come here every day and pray at the cross on the grave. In the 20th century, they tried to destroy it twice, the first time they could not find it, the second time no remains were found.
Thus, the Vagankovsky cemetery keeps its “quiet residents”. Not everyone dares to take a photo of this grave, fearing to disturb the rest of the archpriest.
The starting point for visiting the most famous burials is the columbarium. Already from the entrance, along the alley, there are burials of athletes, actors, musicians, and poets in chains.
Following the directions of the map, you can easily find the most visited graves - the poet Sergei Yesenin, the poet and actor Vladimir Vysotsky. Many legends about them are kept by the Vagankovsky cemetery.
At the burial site of Yesenin, according to rumors, they see the ghost of a girl. A year after his death, G. Benislavskaya committed suicide at the poet's grave. In total, 12 people said goodbye to their lives here.
Vladimir Vysotsky rests in someone else's grave. Contrary to the order of the authorities to bury the poet and actor in the far corner, the director of the Vagankovsky cemetery gave other instructions, allocating a place at the entrance. Earlier, relatives of one of the deceased removed the remains from the artist's burial place for reburial, after which the grave was vacated. There is an opinion that those who visited his monument are inspired in creativity.
Keeps the Vagankovskoye cemetery graves of celebrities and famous artists such as A. K. Savrasov, V. A. Tropinin, V. I. Surikov.
Tombstones of folk idols of the late 20th and early 21st century
Many monuments amaze with their architectural design. You can see the majestic statues of the deceased themselves in full height, such as Leonid Filatov.
For others, the tombstones are made in the Slavic style, for example, for Igor Talkov - a large cross was built in memory of him, and his photo is located in the headboard under a wooden canopy. This is one of the few graves with fresh flowers all year round.
Tour guides say that one girl wanted to bury herself alive next to famous singer, but she was not completely covered with earth, and the young woman was saved.
Many similar stories are kept by the Vagankovsky cemetery. The graves of celebrities, photos of which are presented in this article, like magnets attract living people.
You can always meet someone at the graves of Andrei Mironov and Vlad Listyev. The first one has a monument in the form of wings, and a bronze angel-girl with one broken wing is crying over the grave of a well-known journalist and presenter.
Actor Mikhail Pugovkin's unusual tombstone is like a film reel containing frames from films in which he played.
Alexander Abdulov, who died of a serious illness in 2008, has white monument in the spirit of constructivism, in the form of a rock with a large cross, a photograph of the actor and three-dimensional letters with his name.
Many athletes are also buried here: the Znamensky brothers, Inga Artamonova, Lyudmila Pakhomova, Lev Yashin, Stanislav Zhuk and others.
Monuments of "ordinary" people
"Vagankovskoye cemetery" - "graves of celebrities", for some, these phrases have long become synonymous. However, when you walk along the narrow alleys of the necropolis, tombstones and “mere mortals” catch your eye, whose close people tried to decorate the burial place in an unusual way.
It is impossible to pass by some of the tombstones, they are so striking in their architecture. So, a golden angel was erected on the grave of the daughter of the artist A. Shilov.
Here you can see family crypts, moments of life literally carved out of stone, and sculptural sketches. There are graves with simple crosses or monuments erected almost 200 years ago.
Vandals and other horror stories
Unfortunately, not all people treat cemeteries with respect, and vandals often appear here. Most often they steal precious metals. So, an easel disappeared from the grave of the artist N. Romadin, and copper strings were stolen from the harpist M. Gorelova, and the fence disappeared from A. Mironov. However, photos of idols most often disappear.
Not far from the entrance to the Vagankovskoye cemetery there is a statue of a woman without a head - this is a monument erected by Sonya the Golden Handle. Its pedestal contains many handwritten inscriptions. She lost her head by accident - drunken vandals climbed to kiss the monument and accidentally broke it.
There is an opinion that it is impossible to bury on the territory of the Moscow necropolis, since here the holy cemetery ground was desecrated by the blood of suicides, and murders took place here. Also, many criminal authorities are buried here.
On the grave of A. Abdulov, they often see a glow and feel the warmth coming from somewhere below. Against this background, the photo of the actor seems alive.
There is another strange burial - A. Tenkova. Those who linger near it may fall into a trance, after which they suddenly find themselves near another grave.
