What can be drawn from the point of a psychological test. Drawing! Psychological truth test

14.04.2019

M. A. Shevchenko

Psychological drawing tests for children and adults

Foreword

Currently, the use of psychological drawing tests has become very popular in many areas of life. Their application is based on the principle of projection onto paper through a drawing of the psychological state of children and adults, reflection and disclosure of character, feelings, emotions, desires, identification of interpersonal relationships, etc.

In this book, in addition to the actual instructions for the use of a number of drawing tests, a brief description of the development of children's graphic manifestations, the evolution of the drawing and its psychotherapeutic significance, as well as an analysis of drawings that reveal the psychological and emotional state, moreover, drawings made by both children and adults. A significant advantage of drawing tests in comparison with other methods of personality research, for example, in comparison with a verbal survey, is the absence of fear in the client (subject) during the testing process, which makes it possible to give the most accurate and objective assessment of his personal characteristics, emotional and psychological state.

In an accessible and simple form, the book describes diagnostic techniques foreign and domestic authors for testing children and adults; These techniques are based on art therapy activities. Some techniques of artistic expression developed and tested by foreign experts in the field of art therapy are presented; techniques contain valuable comments and explanations on their application.

Art therapy is a method of treatment based on the use of artistic creativity. There are a number of specialists in the field of psychology and psychotherapy who believe that artistic creativity has beneficial effect on health, and therapeutic techniques and exercises have diagnostic, therapeutic, corrective, developmental potential and really improve the quality of psychotherapeutic, psychological, medical and pedagogical impact. The use of the art therapy method in pedagogical professional practice creates the necessary and quite organic conditions for the development of the child, taking into account his age features and opportunities. The use of art therapy is also relevant as an effective means of psychological and psychotherapeutic influence on children and adolescents with various disabilities.

Introduced in the book methodical material gives the specialist the opportunity to choose those techniques that in the best way correspond to the individual characteristics of the client (subject).

The book "Psychological Drawing Tests for Children and Adults" is intended for both professional psychologists, psychotherapists, and for everyone who needs to be able to understand people - for teachers, doctors, managers. It can also be useful for those who wish to understand their own psychological state.

The book talks about the method of diagnosing a mandala drawing for children and adults.

Mandalas belong to the direction of art therapy and are used by psychologists and psychotherapists as a powerful method of in-depth diagnostics and integration, as a means of psychological assistance in a variety of human conditions.

Currently, there are many methods for diagnosing one's psychological state and self-knowledge. One of these methods is diagnostics based on the pattern and colors of the mandala.

Chapter 1

Drawing and psychological drawing tests

The evolution of children's drawing

The development of each child is very individual, but the undeniable fact is that a child can draw before learning to write.

Psychologist Rhoda Kellogg has collected and studied over a million children's drawings, showing that they evolve in a certain way - from the first basic "blobs" towards sequential symbols.

Kellogg proved that the drawings of two-year-old children are not aimless smearing of paints and 20 types of signs can be distinguished in them. Dots, lines and circles drawn by a child's hand reflect individual muscle movements that are not visually controlled. According to Kellogg, every child should be able to draw such signs, and children who are not able to do this are underdeveloped.

Rice. 1. "Doodle"

Tracing the development of a child from early childhood, one can see that the skills of artistic creativity, in parallel with pre-literate ones, develop in stages in a certain sequence. So, by a year and a half, a child is able to tap on paper or draw “doodles” (Fig. 1).

By the age of three, the child usually draws something that looks like letters, and also draws circles of various sizes, sometimes with two dots inside, so that the image can resemble a human head. Symbolically, a circle for a child during this period can mean anything: flowers, an animal, etc.

By the age of three and a half or four, the child already draws a torso to the head, often much inferior in size to the head; sometimes reflects elements of clothing in the image of little men. At the same time, the child begins to write large printed letters and numbers, often inverted in a mirror image (Fig. 2, 3).

Rice. 2. Numbers

Rice. 3. little man

Rice. 4. Horse

Rice. 5. War

By the age of five, the child already knows how to write his name in print and letters, an obvious meaning appears in his drawings, they are of a plot nature. With particular pleasure, five-year-old children draw various animals, birds, all kinds of household items, trees, flowers (Fig. 4).

Moreover, boys of five or six years old actively draw panoramas of military operations (Fig. 5), depict bloody scenes, and show interest in drawing comics. Girls tend to draw beautiful girls and pupae in various outfits (Fig. 6).

Rice. 6. Girl in tracksuit

In the future, at the age of ten, children have an increased desire to realistically display everything they see in the drawing.

From early childhood and throughout life, the psychotherapeutic significance of drawing remains invariably great for a person.

Chapter 2

Test "My family"

The drawing test "My Family" can be used for children from the age of four or five. The main purpose of the test is to diagnose family relations. In psychological practice, this test is one of the most informative.

Very often, parents evaluate the atmosphere of family relations positively, while the child perceives it in a completely different way. In "innocent" children's drawing one can clearly see not only the psychological state of the child, unconscious or hidden problems, but also his attitude towards each family member and the perception of the family as a whole. Having learned how the child sees the family and his parents, you can effectively help him and try to correct the unfavorable climate in the family.

Exercise

Give your child a sheet of A4 size drawing paper, a simple pencil, and an eraser. Ask the child to draw a family, including himself, and also invite him - if he wants - to add other details to the drawing.

The instruction can be even simpler if you just say: "Draw your family." This option gives great freedom, and the drawing itself almost always reflects family relationships, as they are in the perception of the child.

When the drawing is completed, it is necessary to ask the child to identify the drawn figures, and note for himself the sequence in which the child drew them.

IMPORTANT!

You should not ask the child to draw a family immediately after family quarrels; control or suggest while drawing, as well as discuss with someone the result obtained with the child.

In addition to the order in which family members are depicted, it is important to note how hard the child presses the pencil when drawing one or another family member, what is the ratio of the size of the drawing to the size of the sheet, and also how long the child draws.

When interpreting the completed family drawing, parents and teachers must also take into account the age characteristics of their child, the presence or absence of visual skills.

It is best to start evaluating a drawing with test indicators.

Test scores

(indicators of psychomotor tone)

Pencil pressure

Weak pressure - low self-esteem, sometimes passivity; asthenia, sometimes depression.

Strong pressure - high self-esteem, sometimes impulsiveness, emotional tension.

Very strong pressure (pencil tears paper) - hyperactivity, aggressiveness.

Changeable pressure is an indicator of the emotional instability of the child.

Meaning of lines and hatching

Broad strokes or strokes, the scale of the image, the absence of preliminary sketches and drawings speak of the confidence and determination of the author of the drawing.

An unstable, blurred image containing many distinct intersecting lines indicates increased excitability and hyperactivity of the child.

Lines that have not been completed indicate impulsiveness, emotional instability.

Hatching that goes beyond the contours of the figure is an indicator of the emotional intensity of the child.

Pattern location

The location of the picture at the bottom of the sheet means low self-esteem. Accordingly, if the drawing is located at the top of the sheet, we can talk about high self-esteem.

Drawing interpretation

1. A minimum of details made in the drawing indicates the child's isolation, and an excessive number of details indicates his hidden anxiety.

2. The family member that causes the most anxiety in the child can be drawn either with a very thick line or a thin, trembling line.

3. The size of the depicted relative, animal or object indicates its significance for the child. For example, a dog or cat larger than its parents indicates that the relationship with the parents is in second place. If the father is much smaller than the mother, then the relationship with the mother is paramount for the child.

4. If the child drew himself small, nondescript, then he currently has low self-esteem; if your own image is large, you can talk about the child's self-confidence and the makings of a leader. A very small, helpless figurine of a child, placed surrounded by parents, can express the need to take care of him.

5. If the child did not draw one of the family members, this may mean a negative attitude towards this person and a complete lack of emotional contact with him.

6. The one whom the child drew closest to his own image is closest to him. If this is a person, then he is depicted holding hands with a figure corresponding to the child being tested.

7. In the mind of the child, the most clever man has the biggest head.

8. Large dilated eyes in a child's drawing are a sign of a request for help or concern about something. Eyes-points or slits the child draws to a person, in his opinion, independent and not asking for help.

9. A person drawn without ears is a symbol of the fact that he “does not hear” a child or no one in the family at all.

10. A person with an open large mouth is perceived by the child as a source of threat. The mouth-dash is usually endowed with a person who hides his feelings and is not able to influence others.

11. The more hands a person has, the more powerful he is in the eyes of a child. The more fingers on the hands, the stronger and more capable a person is for a child.

12. The legs, drawn as if hanging in the air, without support, belong to a person who, in the opinion of the child, does not have independent support in life.

13. The absence of arms and legs in a person often indicates a reduced level intellectual development, and the absence of only legs - to low self-esteem.

14. The least significant character is usually placed away from everyone and has a fuzzy outline of the figure, sometimes erased with an eraser after starting to draw.

The picture speaks of the well-being of the child

1. If the child is happy to draw a family.

2. If the figures are shown in proportion: the relative height of parents and children is respected, according to their age.

3. If the child portrays all family members without exception.

4. If light or minimal shading is applied.

5. If all the figures are located on the same level, they are depicted holding hands (some variations are possible in the same sense).

6. If, when coloring a picture, a child chooses bright, saturated colors.

Drawing reflects red flags in relationships

1. If a child refuses to draw, this is a sign that unpleasant memories are associated with the family.

2. Excessively large proportions of parents - an indicator of their authoritarianism, the desire to command children.

3. If the child has drawn himself large, this is an indicator that he is self-oriented, as well as an indicator of confrontation with parents.

4. An extremely small image of a child indicates his low importance in the family.

5. By drawing himself last, the child thereby demonstrates his underestimated status among other family members.

6. If in the picture the child has drawn all family members except himself, then this indicates a feeling of inferiority or a feeling of lack of community in the family, a decrease in self-esteem, and suppression of the will to achieve.

7. If a child portrayed only himself, we can talk about the egocentricity inherent in this child, his inherent conviction that all family members are obliged to think only about him, and he does not have to think about any of them.

8. A very small image of all family members is a sign of anxiety, depression, depression.

9. The image of all family members in cells is a sign of alienation and lack of friendship, community in the family.

10. If a child depicts himself with his face covered with his hands, this is how he expresses his unwillingness to be in the family.

11. The shaded head (view from the back) of the child means that he is immersed in himself.

12. The image of a large mouth, lips in oneself is a sign of hidden aggression.

13. If the child starts with the image of the legs and feet, this can also be attributed to signs of anxiety.

14. An alarming signal is the predominance of dark tones in the picture: black, brown, gray, purple.

The presence of other parts in the figure

The image of the sun or lighting fixtures is an indicator of the lack of heat in the family.

The image of the carpet, TV and other household items speaks of the preference given to them by the child.

If a child draws a doll or a dog, this may mean that he is looking for communication with animals and toys due to a lack of warmth in the family.

Clouds, and especially clouds, can be a sign of negative emotions in a child.

By portraying the house instead of the family, the child shows his unwillingness to be in the family.

Color in the picture

Very often, the child shows a desire to color the picture. In this case, he should be given a box of colored pencils (at least 12 colors) and given complete freedom. What do the colors mean, and what can an additionally colored picture tell about?

1. Bright, light, saturated colors indicate a high vitality of the child and his optimism.

2. The predominance of gray and black colors in the drawing emphasizes the lack of cheerfulness and speaks of the child's fears.

3. If a child has painted himself in one color, and if this color is repeated in the image of another family member, then the child feels special sympathy for him.

4. Refusal to use colored pencils can mean low self-esteem and anxiety.

5. The preference for red tones in the picture indicates the emotional intensity of the child.

Analysis of drawings for the test "My family"

Veronica, 19 years old

Veronica from prosperous family, but the girl is somewhat closed, and this worries the mother. Therefore, it was decided to conduct a test. At the request to portray her family, Veronika began to paint with desire and very diligently (Fig. 7). She drew her father first, then her mother, then her little sister, the cat, and lastly herself. Thus, apparently, Veronica evaluates herself as an insignificant member of the family. The family is friendly, as everyone is drawn holding hands and on the same level. The hands of all family members are drawn, and this is also an important indicator of normal intra-family communication. True, dad keeps his hands in his pockets, which indicates his closed position in the family and some isolation in communication. All have clearly defined feet, which indicates the confidence in the positions of all family members. In general, the drawing turned out to be positive and well reflects the psychological climate of the family.

Rice. 7. From left to right: cat, father, mother, sister, Veronica

Nikolay, 6 years old

IN Lately Nikolai's mother is very worried about the behavior of her son, who stopped listening to her, often showing aggressiveness. In the drawing (Fig. 8), the boy portrayed all members of his family separately, which means that the child does not feel mutual understanding and family warmth. The absence of ears in all family members only confirms this. Everyone lives and hears only himself, ignoring the opinions of others: ears are the "organ" of perception of criticism and any opinion of another person about himself.

Rice. 8. From left to right: brother, dad, mom, Nikolai

But dad, with a big head, wearing glasses, he portrayed as the biggest, thus emphasizing his leading role in the family. The head is the most important part of the body, and the most intelligent member of the family, according to the child, in the drawing will certainly be endowed with the largest head. Nikolay drew himself closer to his mother, but taller than her, and this indicates a confrontation in relations with her and an orientation towards himself. The eye is also attracted by the fact that Nikolai depicted himself with a sharply exaggerated hand. A similar image of the hand indicates a high need for communication and that this need is not satisfied. The two-year-old brother is drawn last and at a considerable distance from Nikolai. It is very likely that the appearance of a baby in the family has changed internal state boy. Often the older child in this case begins to feel weakened attention to him, gets scared, worried, worried, jealous. The clouds in the picture also reflect some trouble in the family and the boy's anxiety.

Test "Dynamic family pattern"

The test is very good to conduct with children of the senior preschool and school age. The use of this test provides psychologists and parents with the opportunity to obtain more voluminous information about the distribution of roles in the family, as well as about the specific role of each family member through the eyes of the child. Thus, the "Dynamic Family Pattern" test can be performed both as an addition to the "My Family" test, and separately from it.

Exercise

To conduct the test, the child will need: a sheet of paper for drawing, a simple pencil and an eraser. Ask the child to draw a family so that it becomes clear from the drawing what each of the family members is doing.

Children are not always willing to take on this task, since the image of a person in dynamics often seems rather difficult for them. Nevertheless, it is this test that can serve as a good additional source of information, since usually such a picture of a family turns out to be very expressive and can tell a lot.

Lada, 14 years old

In the drawing (Fig. 9), the girl very accurately displayed what each of the family members does. First, Lada drew her mother, apparently returning from the store - she is holding a bag in her hands, on which “Magnet” is written. It is clear that basically mom goes to the Magnit store for groceries. Then Lada drew her older sister, who is studying at the university.

Rice. 9

Then - yourself, dancing to the music. Lada is engaged in dancing and is very successful in it. She drew her dad last, next to the computer.

If you look closely, you can see that the girl added a bow on the shirt to dad, thereby wanting to emphasize some of his aristocracy. Children always draw their parents the way they see them or want to see them.

In general, the figure reflects positive mood girls and the distribution of roles of each family member.

Animal family test

The test can be applied to both adults and children from the age of four. Due to the neutrality of the test, it is usually performed very willingly, so the drawing often shows a direct projection of real and actual family relationships.

Exercise

An adult or a child is invited to portray his family in such a way that each of the family members is under the guise of different animals. Then a sheet of paper is placed in a horizontal position, a simple pencil and an eraser are given out. At the end of the test, the drawing should be discussed.

As an example, a drawing of a family of animals by fourteen-year-old Lada (Fig. 10) is given, the dynamic drawing of which was given above. For more complete information the girl was asked to make a drawing of the “Family of Animals”, which would reveal the relationship of all family members and the emotional atmosphere in it.

Rice. 10

Lada willingly drew her whole family in the form of animals in the following order. The very first - the elder sister, depicting her in the form of a cat. Thus, the sister for her is the most significant in communication. Papa Leo towers strongly above the rest of the family, his hands are hidden, and this indicates the closed position of the father in the family. The hare mother is significantly inferior in height to the lion father, in addition, she is open and friendly. Lada painted herself in the image of a monkey. The monkey belongs to small animals and symbolizes briskness and resourcefulness. It is clear that these qualities should be manifested in the family and the author of the drawing.

The drawing is located at the bottom of the sheet, which indicates the girl's low self-esteem. This is also evidenced by the fact that Lada painted herself last.

Test "Family of Trees"

This test is applicable to both adults and children. It can serve as a good addition to all previous tests, especially when it is important to reveal the internal state of a person. Oddly enough, it is through the drawing of a tree that it is easiest to convey own emotions and psychological state, as well as family relationships.

Exercise

The test subject must be given a piece of A4 paper, a pencil and an eraser, and then asked to draw all family members in the form of trees.

Analysis of drawings for the test "Family of Trees"

Alina, 13 years old

According to the parents, the girl does not develop relationships with classmates, she has no friends. Behavior in the family has changed - Alina has become more withdrawn and is increasingly showing discontent and aggression. Naturally, this worries parents. The girl refused to draw a family, but she agreed to draw her family in the form of trees, although not quite willingly. As we can see (Fig. 11), in addition to her family members, the girl also depicted her friends in the form of a climbing plant with many thorns - it is the friends that constitute the main problem. In addition, Alina herself, without anyone's request, wrote on the back of the drawing: "I want to make new friends and pull out these thorns, and then I will be happy." Alina painted herself in the image of a tree with red fruits, which indicates her aggressive state. Parents were advised to communicate with the girl more often, not to leave her alone and to be extremely calm with her.

Rice. eleven

Problem situation was temporary and was due to adolescence, sensitive to the formation of communication skills with peers.

Sergey, 12 years old

In the image of trees, Sergei drew only his grandparents, who love him very much (Fig. 12). The drawing is unusual in that the boy was able to show the gender difference between his grandparents through the image of the roots, and through the branches of the trees to convey their interpersonal relationships. After the drawing was completed, Sergei wrote: "Grandma and Grandpa love each other." However, the boy is not an orphan, he has a mother and father, who often leave for long time on business trips. The categorical refusal of a child to draw his parents probably has a good reason, and parents should think about their attitude towards their son.

Rice. 12

Chapter 3

Pencil pressure

Weak pressure - asthenia; passivity; sometimes depressed.

Strong pressure - emotional tension; rigidity ; impulsiveness.

Super strong pressure (pencil tears paper) - conflict; hyperactivity; sometimes aggressiveness, acute excitement.

Line Features

Dashed lines represent anxiety as a personality trait.

Multiple lines - anxiety as a state at the time of the examination; stressful condition; sometimes impulsive.

Sketchy lines - the desire to control your anxiety, to control yourself.

Missing lines that do not fall into the desired point - impulsiveness; organic brain damage.

Lines that have not been completed are asthenia, sometimes impulsiveness.

Distortion of the shape of the lines - an organic lesion of the brain; impulsiveness; sometimes mental illness.

Eyes

Eyes absent - asthenia.

The eyes are empty, without pupils and irises - asthenia, fears.

Eyes with a blackened iris - fears.

Eyes with eyelashes - a demonstrative demeanor, the importance of opinions about oneself.

Eyes with traced blood vessels - hypochondria, a neurotic condition.

The shape of the eyes is distorted - a neurotic state.

Big ears - interest in information, in some cases suspicion, anxiety.

Lack of ears - isolation, unwillingness to make contact with others, to hear someone else's opinion.

Mouth, ajar in combination with the tongue: without drawing lips - great speech activity, with drawing lips - sensuality.

Blackened open mouth - ease of fear and fear, in some cases distrust, anxiety.

Mouth with teeth or fangs - verbal aggression, in some cases defensive.

Head

The head, enlarged in size, is an assessment of the erudition of oneself and others.

The head is missing - impulsiveness, in some cases a mental illness.

Two or more heads - conflicting desires, internal conflict.

The shape of the head is distorted - an organic lesion of the brain, in some cases a mental illness.

Figure

A bunch of constituent parts and elements - powerful energy.

A small number of components and elements - energy savings, asthenia.

A figure consisting of sharp corners is aggressiveness. A circular figure - secrecy, isolation, closeness of one's inner world.

This test is ideal for a large and cheerful company and helps to reveal some of the traits of the subjects. This will require blank sheets of paper and pens according to the number of participants. Ask your colleagues to draw a pig without looking or with a scarf over their eyes. Then collect the drawings and hang them up so that they can be seen by all the test-takers. Usually, the images of the animal are so funny that they charge with fun for the whole holiday. After the merits of each drawing are commented on by your colleagues, announce the results. You can ask the test participants to sign the drawings in advance, if they, of course, want to be recognized.

Interpretation of drawings

The pig is shown at the top of the sheet.

This means that the person who painted it is very positive and well-mannered, endowed with a fair amount of optimism. His life credo- everything should be fair, and if there are trials in life, they must be endured stoically, because the black stripe is always replaced by a white one.

The pig is shown closer to the middle of the sheet.

The drawing in the middle of the sheet indicates that the person who depicted it is a realist by nature.

Even in childhood, he was not prone to dreams, from childhood he set specific goals for himself and achieved them. Sobriety and calculation - these are the principles he adheres to in life.

The pig is depicted at the bottom of the sheet

Only a pessimist can draw like this. However, despite the fact that he sees the world in gray-black colors, this does not prevent him from amusing himself with petty pranks and vulgar jokes regarding both relatives and friends and colleagues.

The pictured pig is looking to the left.

This suggests that a person is a conservative by nature, always and in everything adheres to traditional views on life. He also has an excellent memory for dates.

The depicted pig is looking to the right.

The person who drew such a pig is an innovator by nature, constantly striving for something new. Family values not for him. Having gone headlong into creativity, he forgets about everything in the world, even about a loved one. And with this, few can come to terms.

The depicted pig is looking straight ahead.

belief evil spirit and straightforwardness in judgment - that's what distinguishes the one who painted such a pig. The latter quality often prevents the establishment of friendly contact. The only thing that can be advised to this person is to try to avoid disputes, otherwise you can make many enemies.

The pig is depicted with many details.

An analytical mind, caution and suspicion - this is what characterizes a person who has tried to depict a pig as accurately as possible. It is best for such an artist to work in the security service, where he can express himself to the fullest.

The pig is not shown in full

This means that the person who painted it is very emotional, distinguished by naivety and a love of risk. He is best at creative work, such as writing advertising texts.

The pictured pig has less than 4 legs

A person who portrays a pig without at least one leg is very dangerous. In his head, he hatches insidious plans, which, fortunately, are not allowed to come true due to his timid nature and lack of willpower.

The pig is depicted with 4 legs

This means that the person who painted it is firm in his views, very reliable and firmly on his feet. You can hide behind it, like behind a stone wall.

The pig is depicted with ears

The presence of ears good sign. This indicates that the person knows how to listen. And how well he does it, indicates the size of the ears: the larger they are, the better.

The pig is depicted with a tail

The presence of a tail indicates the ability to love. Size, just like with ears, matters.

Test "Draw a house"

This simple, but fun, and most importantly psychologically true test always evokes a lot of emotions. Give each participant a blank piece of paper and a pencil and give them the task of drawing a house. A few strokes will be enough to judge the character of a person. At the end of the test, collect the sheets with pictures and announce the results.

Interpretation of drawings

city ​​house

The person who painted the multi-story building is the owner of a very complex character. Most likely, he is distinguished by isolation and a tendency to focus on own problems.

low house

Rest, peace, harmony and pleasant memories - this is what a person who has drawn a low house needs.

The fatigue accumulated over the years of hard work makes itself felt, therefore, in order not to undermine your own health, it is better to go on vacation for at least 2-3 weeks.

Lock

Complete frivolity, frivolity and childishness distinguish the person who painted the castle.

Of course, there is nothing wrong with this, especially for the fairer sex.

The main thing is not to take on the burden of responsibility in the form of a family or a responsible post, otherwise you may not be able to cope with your responsibilities.

Spacious country house

Such a drawing means that its author has a need to deal with the housing issue, for example, buying a new apartment or house. For bachelors and childless persons, such a drawing should speak of a hidden need for love and hearth who has a large and friendly family.

Big house behind a high fence

The person who painted the house with a high fence can be judged by the latter: the more impregnable the fence, the more closed the character. If the house is surrounded by a hedge of picturesque bushes, this indicates gullibility and sociability.

Test "Choose a figure"

To pass this test, you will also need blank sheets of paper and pencils, 12 to be handed out before the announcement of the task. Draw a square, a triangle, a rectangle, a circle and a zigzag on the poster in advance and attach it to the wall so that everyone can see it.

Invite the participants to choose and draw the figure with which they associate themselves, or the figure that first caught their eye. After that, give the task to draw the remaining figures in order of personal preference. Explain to the audience that the figure chosen first characterizes the dominant features of a person, the characteristics of his behavior, while the rest complement the image, make it multifaceted and complex. You can either read out the characteristics given below in front of the audience, or print it out on a piece of paper in advance and distribute it after passing the test.

Psychological characteristics of personality forms

Square

If a square is in the first place, this means that a person is by nature an incorrigible workaholic. Unusual perseverance and diligence ineradicable need to bring any matter to the end - these are the main qualities of the Square. Methodism, patience, attention to detail, love of order and excellent memory allow him to become an excellent specialist in his field.

The ideal of the Square is a planned, organized and predictable life. He does not like violations of the usual course of things, because in this case everything will have to be calculated and ordered again.

Such qualities are very useful in work, but interfere with personal life, so the Square, as a rule, is very lonely. Family happiness is guaranteed to him if on his own life path he will meet the same man obsessed with work and order.

Triangle

The triangle is a symbol of leadership. And most Triangles feel this on a subconscious level. The true representatives of this figure have the ability to focus on main goal, which they are helped to achieve by such qualities as willpower, a tendency to analytical analysis, energy, self-confidence and self-righteousness, as well as ambition and the ability to grasp everything on the fly.

The life of Triangles is an eternal struggle and rivalry for the first place and the right to decide everything and for everyone on your own, both at work and in your personal life. They do not like to admit their mistakes and change their decisions. Their categoricalness sometimes borders on cruelty, which, of course, cannot but affect relations with others.

Rectangle

This figure, chosen as the main figure, symbolizes a state of constant change. A rectangle is a person who is always dissatisfied with the way he lives now, so he is always busy searching better share. His most character traits- inconsistency and unpredictability of behavior. Regardless, Rectangles is not alone. Courage, curiosity, a keen interest in everything that surrounds them and gullibility attract people to them. Many take advantage of their naivety and manipulate them to their advantage.

Circle

The circle symbolizes harmony. The one who chooses him as the main figure appreciates most of all in life good relations with people. Krug is a philanthropist, thanks to which any work team becomes a friendly team, and the family becomes harmonious union He is distinguished by the ability to hear and listen, high sensitivity and the ability to empathize. In addition, he is well versed in people and unmistakably recognizes a hypocrite and a liar.

There is nothing more difficult for the Circle than to take part in interpersonal conflict. For him, a bad world is better than a good quarrel, so he strives with all his might to improve relations in the team. Being a born psychologist, the Circle is a useless organizer, so it is better for him to work in a team with Squares and Triangles.

Zigzag

This figure differs from the rest in its open shape and symbolizes creativity, creativity, dissent, expressiveness and eccentricity. People who choose it are characterized by intuitiveness, creative thinking the ability to see beauty in the ordinary. Zigzags are unsurpassed aesthetes and idealists. In their work, they need complete freedom, but under the condition of tacit control, since they often quickly lose interest in the subject under study and sometimes do not finish the job.

The impracticality and naivety of zigzags sometimes annoys others, but their wit, cheerful disposition and ease of communication compensate for these shortcomings.

Test "What do the doodles say?"

Many of us, during boring lectures or meetings, in thought or simply because there is nothing to do, begin to draw different patterns on a piece of paper. If this happens to your colleagues, try to collect a collection of such drawings, so that later you can decipher them in the presence of the whole team. Everyone will be interested to know what his scribbles say.

Interpretation of drawings

spirals, circles, wavy lines

A person who draws spirals, circles and wavy lines is not interested in other people's problems. All his thoughts are focused exclusively on his own emotional experiences. Perhaps at the moment he is in a crisis, so others should not pay attention to him or be offended, even if he has gone too far with his egocentrism. After some time, he realizes his mistake and apologizes.

Flowers, sun, garlands

It may seem to some that flowers, the sun, all kinds of garlands are a sign Have a good mood. However, this is not the case. The person who draws them suffers from a lack of communication, dreams of true friendship, as well as attention from the opposite sex. It is simply necessary to surround him with care and tenderness, and then everything will work out in his life.

Grids

A person drawing grids, for some reason unknown to others, feels a sense of awkwardness. Having a soft and compliant nature, he tends to often swallow resentment and hide irritation. If things go on like this, he will face a spiritual crisis. The task of others is to prevent this from happening.

intertwined hearts

Drawings resembling patterns on wallpaper

Such patterns indicate that a person is experiencing great boredom. Perhaps he was tired of sitting in an endless meeting or enduring a long telephone conversation, or maybe he was tired of the lifestyle that he has been forced to lead lately, but has not yet found another way for himself.

Crosses

The man is clearly on to something. Most likely, this is a feeling of guilt that arose as a result of a telephone conversation. However, worries and worries are in vain. Maybe in what happened, there is a share of his guilt, but you don’t need to shift everything onto your shoulders.

Various little men

Little people express a person's desire to evade their duties. Perhaps he does not have enough moral support to do what is entrusted to him.

Triangles, squares and other geometric shapes

Such figures are evidence that a person has clear goals and strong beliefs. It is difficult to knock him off the intended path. He will try by all means to achieve what he has planned. He can be entrusted with any difficult task and not be afraid for its failure.

Honeycomb of bees

Harmony and beauty, calmness and tranquility - this is what a person who draws a honeycomb strives for. It is good to be with him, as he radiates goodness and warmth. In addition, he has a need to constantly take care of someone.

Chess fields

A person who draws chess fields is most likely tormented by hidden complexes and a sense of his own worthlessness. But his experiences are groundless and far-fetched, because others respect him, value him as an excellent specialist in his field and a good friend, so you should not hide from everyone in a shell, but you need to live a normal and fulfilling life.

intertwined circles

The intertwined circles speak of the desire to have a stable relationship with the opposite sex. In addition, they may also indicate that a person wants to be in the thick of things, to participate in all public affairs. With his enthusiasm, he can move mountains.

Test "Non-existent animal"

This test allows you to identify the characteristics of a person's character, his inclinations and preferences. Hand out blank sheets of paper to those who wish to pass it. simple pencils(a felt-tip pen or pen is not suitable) and offer to draw a non-existent animal and come up with a non-existent name for it. Then collect the drawings and characterize them using the following description.

Interpretation of drawingsThe position of the animal on the sheet

The location of the picture in the center of the sheet is the norm and indicates the harmony of the individual. Deviations from the center indicate the presence of certain qualities.

The location of the animal is closer to the upper edge of the sheet

This suggests that this person:

A high self-evaluation;

Dissatisfaction with their position in society;

Lack of recognition from others;

The desire to move up the career ladder;

The tendency to self-affirmation.

The location of the animal at the bottom of the sheet

This testifies to:

self-doubt;

Low self-esteem;

Depression;

indecision;

Disinterest in one's position in society;

Lack of desire for self-affirmation.

The central part of the figure (the head or what is depicted instead of it)

Head turned to the right

This indicates that a person has such qualities as:

Activity;

The desire to achieve goals;

Striving for self-realization.

Head turned to the left

This person has:

Increased reflection;

tendency to think;

Lack of desire for activity;

indecision;

Fear of action.

The head is straight

The person who depicted this animal in this way is characterized by:

Egocentrism;

Concentration on own experiences and problems.

On the head, as a rule, the sense organs are drawn: ears, mouth and eyes.

Ears - an indication of a person's interest in the information he receives, as well as the significance of the opinions of the people around him about him.

Mouth - an indication of a number of signs. The image of a parted mouth with a tongue, but without lips, indicates talkativeness. The same mouth, but with drawn lips, speaks of sensuality. An open and outlined mouth without a tongue and pronounced lips is considered a sign of mistrust, fears and frequent fears about something. A mouth with drawn teeth is nothing more than verbal aggression in response to condemnation and censure, a defense against criticism. The rounded shape of the outlined mouth in the drawing of a child or teenager betrays a feeling of anxiety and timidity.

Eyes have special meaning. The presence of fear in the soul of a person is given out by the eyes with a careful drawing of the iris. Eyelashes indicate a hysteroid-demonstrative demeanor, a person’s desire for recognition by those around him, their admiration for him. external beauty and manner of dressing.

The size of the head also matters. If it looks larger compared to the body of an animal, this indicates that a person in himself and others appreciates intelligence and the ability to make rational decisions.

The presence of horns and other details on the head, especially in combination with bristles, claws and

needles) is a sign of aggression towards others.

Feathers are a pronounced tendency towards a demonstrative type of behavior, self-justification and self-decoration.

Hair on the head or mane indicates sensuality, sexuality and emphasizing one's masculinity or femininity.

Paws, legs, a pedestal on which a figure is depicted

When interpreting such details of the drawing as legs, paws or a pedestal, which often depicts an animal, great importance has their size in relation to the whole figure.

Large paws, legs and pedestal

It speaks of:

The desire to think about decisions;

Solidity in everything;

rationalism;

Based on verified information.

Small paws, legs and pedestal or lack thereof

A person who depicts these details in this way or who does not draw them at all is characterized by:

Superficiality of judgments;

Frivolity;

Unfounded judgments;

Impulsiveness in decision making.

Equally important is the nature of the connection of the paws or legs with the body. The unidirectionality and uniformity of the shape of the paws or legs indicate the banality of the decisions made and the standard of thinking. And vice versa, the variety of forms and positions of the limbs testifies to the originality of judgments, the originality of attitudes, independence and the desire for creative self-expression.

Figure details rising above the figure

Such details can be purely functional (wings, tentacles, additional limbs or parts of the shell) or be decorative (bows, feathers, curls, flowers, etc.).

Functional details

Their presence in the figure indicates that such a person has:

Ability to understand various areas of knowledge and activity;

Tendency to dictate;

Self confidence;

Curiosity;

Active life position;

The desire to win their place under the sun;

Passion;

Courage.

Decorating details

They testify to such personality characteristics as:

Propensity to outrageous;

mannerism;

Dependence on the opinions of others.

Tail

By the tail, one can judge a person’s attitude towards himself, his decisions, behavior and words. At the same time, you need to pay attention to which way this detail of the picture is turned.

Tail turned to the right

The tail turned to the right expresses the attitude towards one's actions. If it is directed upwards, this means that the author of the drawing is satisfied with his behavior and does not allow criticism in his address. If the tail is lowered, then this indicates low self-esteem. If it is depicted neither raised nor lowered, this indicates an objective attitude towards oneself.

Tail turned to the left

By turning the tail to the left, one can assume a person's attitude to his thoughts and speeches. Whether this ratio is positive or negative also depends on the vertical position of the tail.

Contours of the figure

When analyzing a non-existent animal, its contours are also important (the absence or presence of spikes, shields, needles, shells, etc.), as well as the quality of drawing the contours. Numerous protrusions (especially sharp corners) and careful contouring indicate the presence of aggression towards others, as well as the fact that a person feels threatened by society and subconsciously seeks to protect himself from danger.

The so-called dirty contours of the figure indicate that the author of the drawing is in fear and anxiety. A doubling contour line, shields and all kinds of barriers suggest that in the soul of such an "artist" there is a place for suspicion and fear about something.

It is worth paying attention to what direction the protrusions have: upward (upper contour) means protection from superiors or older ones, downward (lower contour) - from disrespect from subordinates, their ridicule and condemnation, directed to the sides (lateral contours ) - readiness to defend in any situation. This is also evidenced by the details of the type of shields depicted inside the main contour, that is, on the body of the animal. Moreover, those located on the right testify to the desire to protect, defend their activities, and those located on the left - to protect their beliefs and thoughts.

Energy rating

The number of details shown (in addition to the most necessary, which include the head, paws, tail and body) indicates the level vital energy in a person. The more of them, the higher it is. The absence of additional elements may indicate the presence of chronic diseases, especially in combination with a poorly traced, cobweb-like contour.

A bold contour, made with strong pressure, in the absence of additional details, is a sign of anxiety. What it is attached to will tell the element of the picture, made in this way

The nature of the line and some details of the figure

It is necessary to evaluate the nature of the line according to the following criteria

Line dubbing;

Negligence;

Inaccurate connections;

Contour sections from overlapping lines;

Sketching the details of the drawing;

Line deviation from the vertical axis;

Unidirectional lines;

Fragmentation of forms and lines;

Broken and unfinished drawing.

All depicted animals can be divided into 3 conditional groups: threatening animals, threatened and neutral. The animal itself demonstrates an attitude towards its own person, gives an idea of ​​the position of a person in the world and his identification of himself by significance (for example, with a lion or an insect).

A non-existent animal is a psychological portrait of the author of the drawing. The characterization can begin with the position in which the animal is located: it stands on 4 or more legs or differs in upright posture, whether it is covered with wool or dressed in human clothes, whether it looks like a person in some separate parts of its appearance. The last two signs speak of the emotional immaturity and infantilism of the author of the drawing. Moreover, the greater the similarity between the animal and man, the stronger these qualities are expressed.

How aggressive a person is can be judged by the number, nature and location of the corners in the figure. These are the direct symbols of aggression (claws, beaks, needles and teeth), which were discussed above.

Do not ignore the symbols associated with sex (udder, nipples, breasts, etc.), which will tell about a person's attitude towards his own and the opposite sex, as well as his obsession with the problem of sex.

The presence of a circle in the figure (especially not drawn with a pencil) indicates the secrecy and isolation of a person, his unwillingness to give information about himself to others.

A special case is the image of an animal with mechanical details, which can be in the form of a pedestal, a tripod, tank or tractor tracks, screws, propellers, antennas, keys, lamps, handles, etc. Such drawings are most often observed in mentally ill people.

About the absence creativity can be judged by the similarity of a non-existent animal with an existing one (for example, a cat with flippers, a fish with a snout, a pig with wings, etc.). The more it is, the creativity less.

Animal name

The most interesting thing in this test is the name of a non-existent animal. It is often a rational combination of parts of a word (elephant, pig cat, etc.) or a word formed with the help of Latin, book-scientific suffixes and endings (turla-metius, etc.). The first option points to such a feature as rationalism, the second - to the demonstrativeness of one's own knowledge and erudition.

Sometimes an animal is given a sound name without any understanding (for example, lulula, kalushara, bukatupa, etc.), meaning a frivolous attitude to everything, an inability to recognize a danger signal, and irrationality of thinking.

Ironic and humorous names (gupochurka, tazoland, etc.) indicate a condescending attitude towards people. Names with repetitive elements (zi-zi, boom-boom, etc.) speak of infantilism.

A dreamer and an indefatigable visionary are given out by overly long names such as bramkamdun-samosis.

Test "Guess who it is"

This is a test of ingenuity and non-standard thinking. To conduct it, you will need to prepare several posters that show the following figures.

Test participants need to guess what is shown on the posters. To do this, they will need to distribute blank sheets of paper and pens. Whoever writes the answers on his piece of paper the fastest wins. Of course, provided that the answers are correct.

Answers

1. A bear climbing down from a tree.

2. Mexican in a sombrero.

3. Dwarf in phone booth plays the trombone.

4. Pencil.

5. Sandwich with potatoes.

6. Polar bear on snow.

7. Train in the tunnel.

8. Border guards with sheepdogs sit in ambush.

(projective tests to help parents, teachers, interested ...)

Projective tests are used in the work of a psychologist for: a) diagnosing internal emotional state child and b) pulling out problems that are deeply seated in the subconscious of an adult.

One of the most common projective drawing tests is DDCH test- "House. Tree. Human". He works with archetypes and therefore very accurately diagnoses problems from our subconscious.

But the same can be said about adults! Clever reasoning of an adult about himself and his affairs does not clarify, but more often only confuses the situation even more. After all "language is used to hide the truth"...

For a more detailed acquaintance with this elementary position of psychoanalysis, I refer you to the article.

And we are moving on to the first part of the DCF test - in fact, to the drawing Human.

I remind you that the drawing test should be created easily and naturally, without thinking that "You can't draw." If you can draw, create a naive drawing.

Nevertheless - to draw "tyap-blunder", hastily - also nobody should.

When creating a drawing, you need to try, you need to try to put all your momentary mood into it, you need to take your time, but also not worry about what you are not drawing, how real artist from the Academy.

1. Take a sheet of A4 paper.
2. Take a simple pencil.
3. Draw, slowly, your little man.

And now, if you have finished drawing, carefully study

Key to the test.

The first thing we will do is pay attention to

PRESS THE PENCIL.

Weak pressure diagnoses

  • a) either general physical lethargy
  • b) either emotional depression,

Strong pressure diagnoses

  • a) strong emotional tension this moment, or
  • b) impetuous, impulsive character in general.

HATCHED/UNHATCHED pattern

unshaded drawing(white background) means immaturity, infantilism, unwillingness to be responsible for one's actions.

A shaded drawing can be shaded in different ways:

Heavily "shaded" drawing (when the shading is simply striking) diagnoses:

Preoccupation with a particular problem, fixation on it;
- increased anxiety as a character trait.

cross hatching issues

Or hypercontrol (a person constantly controls himself, plays a role, does not take off his mask, does not trust anyone);
- either permanent intrusive thoughts and trying to fight them.

Erasing and correcting lines- trying to control one's anxiety and behavior

Lines not completed
- clinical asthenia, exhaustion of the body.

Lines that don't hit the right spot- hyperactivity in children, impulsivity in adults.

Neatness of lines- perception of one's environment as a threat.

FIGURE DIMENSIONS

big figure- anxiety and stress "here and now",

giant figure - desire for expansion (filling the whole world with oneself), inability to build boundaries (“Everything is yours is mine”), impulsiveness

small figure depression, low self-esteem, chronic anxiety

LOCATION OF THE PICTURE ON THE SHEET

Picture above- a high self-evaluation

Picture below- low self-esteem

Drawing in the corner- feelings of guilt, depression

Drawing goes off the sheet- fear (or impulsiveness)

SCHEMATIC OR DETAILS

Many different details in the picture- demonstrative or creative imagination(often one and the other are closely intertwined)

Lots of similar details in the drawing. is either:

  • a) rigidity (stubbornness, standing “on your own”, lack of interest in innovations),
  • b) anxiety "here and now",
  • c) striving for perfectionism.

The drawing is schematic- absolutely possible different variants(attention!):

Asthenia,
- the same impulsiveness,
- low emotionality
- closed as trait,
- depression "here and now"

VIEW OF THE FIGURE (AN FAS, PROFILE...)

The figure stands with its back- negativism, conflict,
Figure in profile- negativism
Three-quarter figure does not mean anything, it means only the ability of the Author to draw,
figure face- means nothing.

TYPES

rich/poor- obsession with the topic of money,
Military- aggressiveness (healthy or not - other details will show),
King, princess- very high self-esteem
Robots and Aliens- they are drawn by people who experience loneliness in a group, who do not fit into the team, introverts,
Clown, jester- low self-esteem,
Cartoon image of a man- demonstrativeness, negativism, the desire to "get away from the conversation."

BODY PARTS

If (other than the genitals) any parts of the human body are missing in the figure, are omitted - this always means one thing: a person denies the function of this part of the body. For example, "forgetting" to draw ears, a person shows that he does not want to hear someone or something. This is often interpreted as being open to criticism. However, this may also mean that a person is simply tired of criticism of a very specific person, and not of criticism in general as such.

Enlargement of any part of the body
- always means an increased interest in its function,

Distortions on the right side of the picture- non-observance of social norms and conflicts with people who control these social norms.

Too big body- dissatisfaction of needs,

Too short body- low self-esteem.

Too elongated figure
can talk about:
- asthenia,
- or about the nature of an introvert.

HANDS

Long arms- Passion for hoarding

Short arms:
- the nature of an introvert,
- a tendency to not go all the way, to "retreat"

Hands pressed to the body- strong internal tension,

Hands clenched into fists- an attempt to openly protest,

Palms missing- lack of communication or inability to communicate,

Very large palms- very high dissatisfaction with the need for communication,

Shaded (blackened) hands and fingers
- conflict,

LEGS

Long legs- desire for autonomy from other people, family members (desire to run away),

Short legs
- depression,

Widely spaced legs:
- either the character of an extrovert,
- or the need for support

Tightly knitted legs
- the nature of an introvert,

Small or not traced feet:
- impracticality, poor orientation in everyday matters,
- passivity
- sometimes - dependence on other people.
- clearly traced legs - self-confidence.

Don't want to or don't know how to draw? No problem! This exercise can be done withpsychological maps !

Exercise 1 on the cards "1000 Roads": "Allegedly body parts."

Necessity this exercise- its high environmental friendliness, accuracy and novelty!

So, you remember the “golden basics” of this test: even when drawing a “little man” clumsily, the experimenter must not forget to draw everything for the little man, except perhaps the genitals, which, out of modesty and fear of seeming “preoccupied”, usually no one draws and no one sane a psychologist, by the way, does not require this :)

But! If something “ordinary and decent” is still missing, it means one thing: you deny the function of this part of the body! There are no ears in the picture - it means that in life I don’t want to listen to someone ...

And let's trust the Unconscious in Jungian style and do the same, but with the help of the cards "1000 Roads!"

It's even better - no need to draw and shame on the fact that you can't draw ridiculously.

This, by the way, (natural shame and irritation from the inability to draw - although psychologists deny this) is one of the reasons for the "nervous pressure of lines", "evil shading" and the general Bad quality drawing, including grotesque and satire in the depiction of figures.

It’s not the client who is “neurotic and psychopathic”, it’s just that he, an adult, is naturally enraged right here and now that he was not taken to draw as a child, but now they are making a fool of him and making him demonstrate his ineptitude in some kind of practice, like running in bags or catching an apple on a string with your mouth.

Wouldn’t the psychologist’s request to “skate” or “sing about Lensky’s aria” if you don’t know how, wouldn’t infuriate you? A psychologist should not turn into an animator at a wedding and remember - you need to work with a client in an environmentally friendly way and try not to humiliate him with your creative requests to “imagine something” and other jokes.

That's why we will work with the cards "1000 Roads", thus "drawing" the body parts of our little man!

***
In our exercise "Body as a whole, Silhouette" there are only the following concepts-Positions:

    torso,

    hands and hands,

    Legs and feet

    "Right" and "left" part of the picture.

Shall we start?

FIRST POSITION RIGHT AND LEFT PARTS OF THE PICTURE

Ask the client to present (present) his Little Man with the help of (spontaneous !!!) "1000 Roads" cards.

Explain to the client that a person (like any object) has a right and left side, separated by an imaginary axis of symmetry.

Explain to the client that a living person is always asymmetrical, because his "left side" is always creative and "magic", childish, and Right side- businesslike, adult, serious and responsible for our communications with the world (and housing and communal services).

And now let the client pull out spontaneously (thinking well) two cards and put them side by side - to the right and left, while saying:

    this is how the “childish” part of my Little Man looks symbolically,

    and this is what his adult side of personality looks like.

    It is as if created from these two halves!

Now let's analyze the cards!

How to read "right-left"?

This question is often asked, but here everything is very simple: we always read the drawing the way we, the audience, see it! This is the easiest and most correct (but if your client wants to argue - God bless him, let him read the drawing as he “sees”).

Do you remember that: Any distortion on the right side of the picture means non-compliance with social norms and conflicts with people who control these social norms..

What card did the client's hand draw? Harmonious? Peaceful? Or aggressive, problematic? How does the client interpret this card? (It is most important!)

So what are its relations with the norms of society and with society in general? How does he resolve conflicts? How does he treat people in general? Are there people on this map at all?

Now is the time to do therapy - after all, you saw the problems with your own eyes!

Together with the client, come up with a mini-fairy tale on this card, the purpose of which is to extinguish the conflict, calm fears - help the client with this! A fairy tale on a problematic map can begin “for the rest”, but it must end “For health”!

***
And now we also analyze the "left" - the creative and childish-magical side of our Little Man.

What are our girls made of, what are our girls made of?..

What is the client's imagination and "spiritual thoughts", humor and "flight of consciousness"? By analogy, notice the problems of the second card (if any), listen to the client's story about the card and compose a second, healing fairy tale with him.

Is symmetry harmonious?

You should be alerted if both cards of the client are “adult”, or both are “fantastic”. In the first case, he himself blocked the channel of miracles, self-healing and growth, in the second case, he is simply unable to withstand the battle with housing and communal services, even the simplest one.

When writing fairy tales, level the balance, joyfully "ground" the card that requires healthy grounding (show the client that society is also healthy and not painful), and "elevate" the card that requires Fairy Tale and Dreams.

SECOND POSITION ARMS LEGS TRUNK

The first two cards are, as it were, the “coat of arms” of your Little Man. They flaunt at the top of the table as a symbol of work, like a banner on a tower.

Now ask the client fold the little man "from the cards" 1000 Roads": body, two arms and two legs.

Let the client think slowly, juicy, with taste, and say out loud: “Here are his hands (both cards are drawn at the same time), here are his legs, here is his white body ...”

And now we look at the cards and remember the basics, adapting them (essentially) to our new work.


Legs. The legs are the most important.

"What does the little man stand on?" What is its support - symbolic, philosophical? Is it good for him where he found himself (isn't it a swamp)? Is it clean, is it safe? (Ask the client how he likes it). And who is there on the map - lying with his legs up? Why doesn’t he use his legs for his intended purpose, is he tired or what? From what?

And who left traces here? And who has been standing here for three hours, shifting from foot to foot?

And who here flies on wings without legs? And who here rides in a carriage using the legs of a horse?

Legs are grounding and support, lack of fear of being, clarity and boldness, the ability to live and survive, not to fall face down in the mud.

Sometimes the weakness of the legs compensates for something else (fantastic wings, for example, or a carriage with horses - you take me).

Your task is to find out - and how well does this “other” compensate the client for the weakness of his “real legs”? .. Maybe it doesn’t compensate at all?

The client has to tell the Story on the map, and you register if he has problems on those "Legs", "Stability", "Movement Confident" and "Grounding".

How to strengthen the client's legs? Correct his Story as you see fit, using in the story the symbols and images of feet, shoes, magical medicines, potions - according to your feeling and spontaneous insight. The client must have legs. Strong. And walkers.

Hands

Hands are an attitude to money and property, to hoarding and greed. As well as the attitude to aggression, to war, to armament. And finally, to communication, to friendship, to mutual assistance.

In general, there are hands: raking, beating on the head with fists and, finally, friendly outstretched, with a tangerine in an open palm ...

And what kind of hands does your client have? What do the two "1000 Roads" cards say? What can be fixed here? For how many sessions?

Torso. Heart or Womb?...

There are people whose heart is so huge that it occupies the entire body. And there are people for whom the main thing is the belly, the womb. And best of all, if everything is equal. And if not, then we have either an unbearable hysteric or an animal, stupid and also unbearable.

Your client has drawn one card - the torso of the Little Man. What does the 1000 Roads card say? And what does the client say about it? What is there more - the heart or the belly? Balance, psychologist, balance the client's balance!

    Ask the client: "What and how do your lovers eat?" Let me answer in detail.

    Ask: “What does your billionaire dream about, what does he sometimes cry about?”

Exercise-2 We sit the Man's Head or "Types"

So, we have everything ready, it remains to put our heads on our shoulders. The head is a social thing... Therefore, we take the "1000 Lives" deck.

Let the client (after thinking and making a sacred pause) randomly pull out the head of his Little Man from the deck of "1000 Lives"! Ta-da-da-damm!!


And now the client should say a few words about his person. Pay attention to the following highlights:

    the topic "rich man / poor man" - the client is obsessed with the topic of money,

    the topic “kings, monarchs, princesses and queens” - the client has an overestimated self-esteem, is infantile,

    the topic “military” is aggressiveness, and healthy, constructive or not, you will understand

    theme of any "fantastic fictional creatures”, “cyborgs” - the client is very lonely and a strong introvert, it is difficult to talk to him, he is vulnerable,

    the theme “not a person but a caricature of a decent person, a criminal, a scoundrel and a scoundrel” is a strong negativism in general, an unwillingness to work with a psychologist.

In general, it’s better for you to look not at the diagram, but listen to what the client himself says! You can adjust the "head" of the little man in the same way as in the previous part of the work!

Do you want to know how else you can work with psychological maps? Come into ourofficial online store .

Elena Nazarenko

In psychology, there are many ways to diagnose personality. An experienced psychologist will be able to tell a lot simply by analyzing a person’s body language, his manner of speaking, handwriting. In psychodiagnostic practice, psychological tests are also widely used: personality questionnaires, achievement tests, situational and projective methods.

Psychology in pictures

Psychological tests based on pictures are projective methods of psychodiagnostics. That is, they are based on the interpretation of the projections of the subject on the stimulus material in the form of weakly structured graphic images and color drawings. projection is defense mechanism psyche, which consists in attributing to someone or something one's own feelings, thoughts, aspirations, qualities, beliefs. A person thinks out what his consciousness and subconscious are filled with and gives out unique interpretations of what he sees. For example, think: what did you first see in the picture above - a butterfly, guns in blood spatter, or something else?

Overview of popular psychological tests with pictures

There are many on the Internet. Most of them are purely entertainment. The results obtained as a result of passing such questionnaires should not be taken seriously. We will consider the most interesting and frequently used professional techniques using drawings. .

TAT

A widely demanded method of psychodiagnostics based on pictures is the thematic perceptual test (TAT). The subject is presented with black-and-white images, most of which show people in everyday situations. A person must come up with a plot for each picture, describe what the characters think and feel.

When writing a story describing the subject, the subject involuntarily identifies with one of the characters depicted and talks about his own problems and internal conflicts.

For example, try to guess what is happening in this picture. What gnaws at the child and how will he get out of a difficult situation?

Thematic Perceptual Test

Depending on the interpretation option that you prefer, you can draw a conclusion about your psycho-emotional state and a characteristic way of solving problems.

Do you think your child is bored? Is he tired of honing his violin skills? Have you been feeling the same about your work lately? Maybe you need a rest, new experiences? Will the child still take up classes or run away to play? From what assumption you are inclined to, you can judge what is more pronounced in your character - a sense of duty or love of freedom.

Or does it seem to you that the boy really wants to play the instrument, but he was asked not to make noise? Are all your desires satisfied? Do you feel that people around you put undue pressure on you?

Or maybe the boy is experiencing creative torment, he can’t compose a melody? Is there a problem that has been bothering you lately? Do you doubt your ability to solve it, are you afraid not to cope with your obligations?

The violin does not belong to the boy, and he simply yearns for its owner? Are you very attached to loved ones? Your biggest fear is separation from your loved one?

Wagner hand test

The technique was developed to determine the level of aggressiveness. Stimulus material - nine images of the hand, which can be interpreted ambiguously. Depending on the quantitative ratio in which the subject perceives gestures as aggressive and peaceful, a conclusion is made about his tendency to aggressive behavior.

Wagner hand test

Rorschach test

Probably the most famous psychodiagnostic drawing test is the Rorschach inkblot technique. The subject must give an interpretation of ten ink blots.

Rorschach test

The ability to see a symmetrical figure in a shapeless spot indicates the realism of perception, high level self-criticism and self-control. Discernment in the blots of images of moving figures speaks of a rich imagination. The vision in most drawings of paired images of animals and people indicates significance for humans.

Rorschach test

Most people see the skin of an animal or a male figure looking down on the card. Less often see images in separate fragments images - the head of a dog, a horse's muzzle. The perception of an inkblot as a dominant figure indicates a fear of persons with power and authority, including the father. On the other hand, the inability to see on the card this image may indicate a lack of self-control.

There are no professional psychological tests based on drawings with comprehensive answers in the public domain. After all, the effectiveness of psychodiagnostic methods is achieved due to the subjects' ignorance of the principles of test data analysis.

Advantages and disadvantages of psychological tests in pictures

The results of projective tests are more difficult to manipulate, since the pictures presented by the psychologist are neutral in content, and there is simply no single correct answer. For most other types of testing, the “learning effect” is characteristic when passing a test item again.

Psychological tests with pictures, on the contrary, can and even should be used repeatedly in diagnosing the same person. A new reading of psychological pictures by the subjects indicates a change in his psycho-emotional state and can serve as a criterion for successful psychotherapy. If, after passing psychological tests, you have identified increased anxiety or aggressiveness, try listening to audio hypnosis every day for a week to build confidence and compare the test results before and after. If the problem is deeper, then it is better not to hesitate and seek help from a psychologist, for example, Nikita Valerievich Baturin.

Of course, psychological tests based on drawings also have disadvantages. First of all, there is no weighty scientific evidence that projective methods of psychodiagnostics have an acceptable level of validity (correspondence of the obtained results to the set goals of testing). The interpretation of the subject's reactions to pictures in psychology cannot be as unambiguous as, for example, in tests with quantitative indicators.

However, many practicing psychologists are not embarrassed by the lack of "scientific" method and they find it quite informative for their work. It can be said that the success of using pictures in psychology to diagnose personality depends on skill and



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