Now we are proceeding to Russian proverbs, which would also not hurt each of us to know.
Russian proverbs and sayings, as everyone knows, this is folk wisdom that came to us from life experience. And now let's see the most commonly used among them among the people, as well as their interpretations as well. For convenience, Russian proverbs and sayings are presented alphabetically.
Russian proverbs and sayings and their meaning
Appetite comes with eating.
The deeper you delve into something, the more you understand and learn about it.
A woman with a cart is easier for a mare.
About care unnecessary person, not so useful to anything.
The trouble does not go through the forest, but through people.
Misfortunes with people are the real trouble, and not with what surrounds them.
Misfortunes never come alone.
She will definitely take at least one more.
Poverty is not a vice.
It is not necessary to condemn people for poverty, because it is not their negative quality.
You can't even catch a fish from a pond without effort.
Nothing can be achieved without perseverance and effort.
Take care of the dress again, and honor from a young age.
About the norms of behavior in society, etc. And if something is lost or torn, it will not be possible to restore it.
God saves man, who save himself.
It is easier for a person who is prudent, cautious in his decisions and actions to avoid dangers, unjustified risks.
Free cheese only happens in a mousetrap.
Rarely is something free given to us without pitfalls, without a catch.
God marks the rogue.
Evil deeds and others negative qualities do not go unpunished.
Big ship - big voyage.
A person with great abilities gets great opportunities.
You will suffer for a long time - something will work out.
Really trying in a difficult matter, you can achieve at least something.
Paper will endure everything.
Paper, unlike people, will endure any lie, any mistake written on it.
Being a guest is good, but being at home is better.
Home comfort, created with your own hands or by hand loved one, cannot be replaced by any trip to visit.
IN healthy body healthy spirit.
Keeping the body healthy, a person preserves his spiritual well-being.
Every family has its black sheep.
In any family or team there will always be a person with negative qualities.
In crowded but not mad.
A little inconvenience to everyone will be better than more serious problem only one.
Still waters run deep.
Quiet and calm-looking people often hide a complex nature.
They don’t go to a foreign monastery with their own charter.
In a strange team, you should not behave only according to your own rules and procedures.
We see a mote in someone else's eye, but we do not notice a log in our own.
Mistakes and shortcomings of strangers are much more noticeable than their own.
Live a century, learn a century, and you will die a fool.
About the impossibility of knowing everything, even with a constant and persistent set of knowledge.
He took up the tug - do not say that it is not hefty.
Having taken up the task, bring it to the end, despite the difficulties.
The bird is visible in flight.
About people who, by their deeds, by their appearance, show others their nature.
Water wears away the stone.
Even little work, manifested long and hard, gives good results.
Crush water in a mortar - and there will be water.
About doing a stupid thing that does not bring anything useful.
Feet feed the wolf.
To earn a living, you need to move, be active, and not sit still.
To be afraid of wolves - do not go into the forest.
If you are afraid of difficulties or dangerous consequences, then you should not start any business.
All diseases are from the nerves.
Anger, resentment and indignation weaken the immune system, which leads to the formation of diseases. Avoid anything that makes you nervous. Gain patience.
Everything will grind - there will be flour.
Any problem sooner or later turns into a good result.
All is well that ends well.
If the ending is good, then there is nothing to worry about.
Everything has its time.
Everything happens at the appointed time, not earlier and not later.
Everyone goes crazy in their own way.
Each person has their own advantages and disadvantages.
Every cricket know your hearth.
Everyone should know their place and not climb into someone else's.
Any bast in a line.
Everything can be useful, everything can be used; any mistake is blamed.
Where there is anger, there is mercy.
Not everything is managed only by anger alone, with time comes pardon.
Where firewood is chopped, chips fly there.
In any business, there are always losses, costs ...
Needed where was born.
About a place of birth that should not be left forever.
Where it is thin, it breaks there.
What is strong always remains strong, and the weak link always gives a crack.
The eyes are afraid, but the hands are doing.
It's scary to take on a task until you do it.
Need for inventions is cunning.
Need, poverty of a person make him smarter and more inventive.
Mountain does not converge with mountain, but man will converge with man.
About people, in spite of the mountains, who by their nature are able to understand, to go forward.
One grave will fix a humpbacked one, but a club will fix a stubborn one.
It is hard for a person, and sometimes it is impossible to get rid of his bad habits.
Prepare the sleigh in summer and the cart in winter.
Before you start any business, you must first prepare.
They do not look at a given horse's teeth.
For any gift it is necessary to thank and rejoice in it, they say, take what they give.
Two bears do not live in the same den.
About two rivals claiming leadership. There is no place for two owners in one house.
The work of the master is afraid.
The work carried out by the master is carried out efficiently and quickly.
Business time, fun hour.
Most of the time should be spent on study and work, and only partly on entertainment.
For a sweet friend and an earring from an ear.
For good friend or a loved one is not a pity even the most valuable.
Debt good turn deserves another.
Good attitude to people will definitely return the same.
Expensive egg for Easter day.
It's always nice to get what you expect right time, in the right place.
Friendship is friendship, and service is service.
Friendly relations should not affect official ones, however, as well as vice versa.
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Only a friend will do everything possible for you for the sake of salvation in a difficult situation.
The law is not written for fools.
Only clever man succumbs to the rules, fools still have no time for them.
A bad example is contagious.
About imitating a bad example, a bad deed of another person.
To live life is not a field to cross.
Life is complicated, living it is not so easy.
If you chase two hares, you won't catch one.
It is impossible to achieve two goals at the same time, everything must be done sequentially.
You can't see the forest for the trees.
Going in cycles in trifles or on the same thing, it is impossible to see the main thing.
The Forbidden fruit is sweet.
Taking someone else's or forbidden is much more pleasant than taking your own.
Make a fool pray to God - he will hurt his forehead.
An excessively zealous person can harm the cause.
It is not worth it.
The money spent on something is not justified by the results obtained.
You can't take a word out of a song.
It is impossible to change or hide something with words without distorting reality.
If he knew where to fall, he would have spread straws.
About caution, foresight, so that there is no trouble.
Each sandpiper praises his swamp.
Every person praises the place in which he lives, and everything else is alien, unusual.
As it comes around, so it will respond.
Any actions towards people around you, good or bad, eventually turn into the same.
As you call the ship, so it will sail.
What you tune in is what you get.
You won't spoil the porridge with butter.
Useful, pleasant cannot do harm, even if there is too much of it.
Fight fire with fire.
Eliminate the results of any action, therefore, by the same means that caused this action.
The end is the crown of the whole thing.
Any business is important to complete.
Finished the job - walk boldly.
After finishing work, you can relax calmly, without thinking about it.
A horse with four legs - and then stumbles.
Even the most intelligent, dexterous and skillful people sometimes they can be wrong.
A penny saves a ruble.
To accumulate a lot, we must not neglect the small.
The hut is red not with corners, but with pies.
The owner of the house is valued not by wealth, but by hospitality.
Who seeks will always find.
When a person really tries to seek, he really finds.
Who gets up early, God gives him.
Whoever gets up early is not lazy, and the day is longer and the harvest is richer.
Where the needle goes, there goes the thread.
About a person dependent on someone or about a tight attachment to each other.
Strike while the iron is hot.
While the opportunity allows, it is better to act, and then later it may not be.
The hen pecks at the grain, but it happens to be full.
By doing something regularly, even if little by little, you can achieve results.
You can't break through the wall with your forehead.
It is impossible to go against the authorities.
The recumbent is not beaten.
It is not customary to finish off the injured or in trouble.
A fly in the ointment in a barrel of honey.
When everything is good, any, even a minor dirty trick can ruin everything.
Better a bitter truth than a sweet lie.
You can’t go far on a lie, unlike the truth, be it what it is.
Better to see once than hear a hundred times.
Do not believe the words, you should only look at the actions.
Better late than never.
It's better to do something at least sometime than not to do it at all.
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
It is better to have something small and easily accessible than something large and difficult to achieve.
Love for all ages.
A person has the ability to fall in love at absolutely any age.
If you like to ride - love to carry sleds.
To achieve something in your life - make an effort.
The less you know the better you sleep.
The more you know, the more worries, experiences.
The world is not without good people.
There will always be generous people with a desire to help others in need.
Young is green.
Young people, unlike adults, are not mature enough in their knowledge.
Silent means consent.
Silence - as a suggestion of an affirmative answer.
Moscow was not built in a day.
Everything complex and perfect is never given immediately, only with a set of experience.
On lack of fish and cancer - fish.
In the absence of a better one, something worse may come in handy.
Trust in God, but don't make a mistake yourself.
Don't rely solely on God to do anything. Do everything yourself, and God only supports.
Every man to his own taste.
Tastes and preferences different people may differ from each other.
You can't please everyone.
You can't please everyone no matter what you do. Even if you are an angel, someone may not like the rustle of your wings.
Enough simplicity for every sage.
No matter how wise and perspicacious a person is, he can be deceived.
On the catcher and the beast runs.
Bold, persistent, stubborn, it is easier to achieve something desired.
No, there is no judgment.
About the humble acceptance of the absence of something or the refusal of a request.
They carry water on the offended.
Man has to be able to forgive. A offended person no one seems interested.
Hope dies last.
Even with disappointment or complete failure, there is hope for the best.
Gruzdev called himself get in the body.
Boasted or promised to do something - do it.
You won't be forced to be nice.
No one can be forced to love against his will.
God does not burn pots.
Each person is doomed to cope with his tasks himself, and not rely only on God alone.
Do not sit in your sleigh.
Equivalent to "Mind your own business."
Not everything is Shrovetide for a cat, there is also a great post.
Life is not always a holiday. She walks in shifting lanes.
Not all that glitters is gold.
Any thing or entity, no matter how beautiful it looks, is not defined only by outward signs. More important signs are internal.
Not knowing the ford, do not poke your head into the water.
Before you do something, you should know how it is done.
Do not have a hundred rubles, but have a hundred friends.
Money disappears at the first trip to the store, but friends remain forever.
It is not the place that makes the man, but the man the place.
A person in a bad position can be an excellent worker, and in a good position, vice versa.
Don't put off until tomorrow what you can do today.
While there is an opportunity, it is better to carry out the plan immediately, in order to avoid acquiring laziness and regret.
Do not spit in the well - you will need some water to drink.
Do not spoil the relationship with a person, whatever he may be. But in the future it can be very useful, and even save a life.
Not caught - not a thief, not convicted - not a gulen.
A person is not guilty of his deed until guilt is proven.
Do not dig a hole for someone else - you yourself will fall into it.
A person who does bad things to another person suffers himself, having run into the consequences of his own actions.
Don't cut the branch you're sitting on.
Do not do stupid things and evil, because you yourself can choke on the same.
The devil is not as scary as he is painted.
About an indication of the exaggeration of the significance of any negative phenomenon.
Man does not live by bread alone.
Man possesses not only material qualities, but also spiritual ones.
There is no smoke without fire.
Nothing just happens, for example, there is no gossip without reason.
There is no bad without good.
For any difficult situation you can always extract something pleasant, useful.
Burnt in milk - blowing on the water.
Having made a mistake once, in the future you become more cautious, prudent.
There is safety in numbers.
Alone, it is more difficult to withstand something, to win the fight, than with someone together.
One head is good, but two is even better.
Two people will be able to solve any problem better and faster, unlike one.
One swallow does not make spring.
The very first and only sign of a phenomenon is not yet the phenomenon itself.
From love to hate one step.
It will not be difficult to anger a person and make him hate.
No one is immune from the event.
No matter how hard you try to prevent disaster, it can still happen.
Double-edged sword.
For every desired action, there is a reaction.
The first pancake is lumpy.
Any business does not always turn out really well the first time.
Stretch your legs along the clothes.
About living within your means, income, in accordance with your capabilities.
They are greeted by clothes, escorted by mind.
A meeting with a person is valued according to external signs, and parting - according to internal, mental ones.
A guilty head and a sword does not flog.
Voluntarily admitting his guilt should not be punished seriously.
Repetition is the mother of learning.
The more you repeat, the better you know.
A rolling stone gathers no moss.
If you do nothing, nothing will come of it.
Until the thunder breaks out, the peasant will not cross himself.
A person will drag out his illness, or other problem, to the last, until it finally develops.
Trying is not torture, and demand is not a problem.
Nothing prevents at least trying to do something than not doing at all.
They don't wave their fists after a fight.
It is unacceptable to change anything when it is already too late.
Hurry up and make people laugh.
Any business should be done calmly, slowly, in order to avoid a ridiculous situation.
Forewarned is forearmed.
What you are warned about, you are ready for.
Trouble has come - open the gate.
Misfortune never comes alone. Therefore, you need to be more careful and ready for anything.
A frightened crow is afraid of a bush.
If a person is really scared, he will be afraid of everything that surrounds him.
The drunken sea is knee-deep, and the puddle is up to the ears.
A drunk person is drawn to actions that, being sober, he would never have dared to do.
Once a year and the stick shoots.
Very rarely, but still the impossible may well become possible.
One who is born to crawl cannot fly.
If a person is born a fool, then he will die a fool.
The fish is looking for where it is deeper, and the person is looking for where it is better.
About people wanting the best gadgets of their lives.
The fish goes out from the head.
If the government is bad, so will its subordinates.
Birds of a feather flock together.
Close people easily find a common language.
To live with wolves is to howl like a wolf.
When joining a community, life according to their principles is not excluded.
Out of sight, out of mind.
The principle of a person is to forget the one with whom he does not see and does not communicate.
With whom you lead, from that you will type.
With whom you communicate, make friends, from that you adopt his views, habits, and so on.
With a loved one and in a hut paradise.
With a loved one is good in any place and under any conditions.
The world did not converge like a wedge.
If everything is good on some object, you should not manage only with it.
Our people - let's count.
Close people are doomed to help each other without asking for anything in return.
It does not carry its own burden.
What you personally inherited is easier to bear, in contrast to the portability of someone else.
Your shirt is closer to your body.
Your own interests are more important than the interests of other people.
A holy place is never empty.
If a good place emptied, it is immediately occupied by someone else.
Seven do not wait for one.
They won’t wait for one latecomer when everyone has already gathered and is ready for business.
Seven times measure cut once.
Before you do something, you must first think carefully, foresee everything, in order to avoid an accident.
Lawless Heart.
About not being able to control your feelings.
No matter how much you feed a wolf, he still looks into the forest.
It is impossible to change the natural instincts and inclinations of another person.
Soon the fairy tale tells, but not soon the deed is done.
About the foreshadowing of any business, as in a fairy tale - quickly and easily, but in reality everything is more difficult.
Miser pays twice.
Unlike buying a cheap thing, and then an expensive one, due to the imminent breakdown of a cheap one, it is better to buy an expensive and high-quality thing right away for a long time.
Tears of sorrow will not help.
Do not be discouraged if you can get rid of grief. And if the problem is inevitable, shedding tears is pointless.
The word is not a sparrow, it will fly out - you will not catch it.
Caught in awkward situation, having uttered a bad word, it is impossible to go back.
Word is silver, silence is gold.
To say something useful is a matter of honor, but it is better to remain silent about useless and empty chatter.
The earth is full of hearing.
Man knows secret information thanks to the rumors.
A dog is biting from the life of a dog.
Unkind, aggressive person often becomes so from the conditions of his life: from the lack of love, the care of those around him, frequent misfortunes, etc.
He ate the dog and choked on his tail.
You can't do anything big without tripping over something.
There are no boundaries for perfection.
No matter how hard you try to improve things, you can always do better.
Nightingales are not fed with fables.
Talking will not feed those who want to eat. He should be offered food.
An old bird is not caught with chaff.
An experienced person is difficult to outwit, lead to a dead end.
An old friend is better than two new ones.
The old, proven, long-familiar, predictable is much more reliable, in contrast to the new, unfamiliar, not yet tested by everyday situations.
The well-fed does not understand the hungry.
The difficulty of one is incomprehensible to another until he sinks to this difficulty himself.
Patience and a little effort.
Patience and perseverance in work will overcome all obstacles.
Be patient, Cossack - you will become an ataman!
The urge to become a patient person when any difficulty is unbearable.
Too many cooks spoil the broth.
The more people take on one thing, the less attention is paid to it.
Fear has big eyes.
About fearful people who perceive everything small and insignificant as large and terrible.
An agreement (agreement) is more valuable than money.
A respectful contract, unlike money, can be lost forever. You must strictly adhere to its terms.
Drowning and clutching at straws.
A person in trouble is ready to do anything for the sake of salvation. Even if the method does not give special results.
The morning is wiser than the evening.
In the morning, decisions are made more effectively than in a tired evening.
Learning is light and ignorance is darkness.
Teaching is the path to knowledge, achievements, success. And ignorance is the cause of backwardness in development and lack of culture.
Well, where we do not.
Often a person underestimates where he is now, and overestimates the features of the place where he has not yet been.
Thin (bad) grass out of the field.
Harmful, something unnecessary should be disposed of so that things go faster.
Do not count your chickens before they are hatched.
One can speak about the success of any business only with its visible result.
Man is the architect of his own happiness.
For happiness, you need to do something, and not wait until it comes by itself.
Man proposes, but God disposes.
You should not be one hundred percent sure of the success of an action or enterprise that has not yet taken place.
What you boast about, without that you will remain.
A person who talks a lot about his happiness is left without it.
What the hell is not joking (while God sleeps).
Anything can happen, anything can happen.
What we have, we do not store, but when we lose it, we cry.
true value something or someone is noticed when we lose it.
What is written with a pen cannot be cut down with an axe.
What is written and known cannot be changed.
What you sow, you will reap.
The good or evil done by someone eventually returns.
To recognize a person, you need to eat a pound of salt with him.
To get to know a person well, you need to live with him for a long time, having overcome various difficulties of life with him.
Alien soul - darkness.
No matter how well we know a person, his thoughts will always be a mystery. A appearance a person is not always a reflection of his soul.
I’ll sort out someone else’s misfortune with my hands, but I won’t apply my mind to my own.
Other people's troubles seem more solvable, easier, unlike their own.
Murder will out.
The secret always becomes clear. And the lies will eventually come out.
Shchi and porridge are our food.
About the habit of eating simple food
The apple never falls far from the tree.
What parents, the same mentality and their children.
Language will bring to Kyiv.
By asking people, you can get anywhere.
Teach your grandmother to suck eggs.
An inexperienced person can teach little to an experienced person.
In this section, we will talk about what a proverb is.
A proverb is a phrase, a turn of speech that reflects a phenomenon of life. Often humorous.
From the simplest poetry what a fable or proverb is, can stand out and independently go into live speech, elements in which thicken their content; this is not an abstract formula of the idea of the work, but a figurative allusion to it, taken from the work itself and serving as its deputy (for example, “a pig under an oak”, or “a dog in the manger”, or “he takes out dirty linen from a hut”).
Dahl's definition is "a collapsible short speech, walking among the people, but not a component complete proverb"Quite fits the proverb, at the same time noting a special and very common type of saying - a common expression that has not developed to a full proverb, new image replacing common word(for example, “he doesn’t knit a bast” instead of “drunk”, “he didn’t invent gunpowder” instead of “fool”, “I pull a strap”, “two mats for all clothes, but a festive sack”). There is no proverb here, just as there is no work of art in the emblem, which has only once for all a given meaning.
A saying, unlike a proverb, does not contain a generalizing instructive meaning. This is a rather important remark that will be of interest to lovers of proverbs and sayings.
- "Hunger is not an aunt"
- "Don't spit in the well"
- "The word is not a sparrow"
- "Teach your grandmother to suck eggs"
- “He called himself a load - climb into the box”
- "A fly in the ointment"
- "Whatever you call a boat, that's how it will float"
- "Road Spoon to Dinner"
- "Trust in God, but don't make a mistake yourself"
- "A friend in need is a friend indeed"
- "Do not renounce the bag and prison"
- "Found a scythe on a stone"
- "Without God, not to the threshold"
Some sayings may sound similar, but different meaning. So, for example, along with the well-known proverb “Beats - it means loves”, there is also a proverb that reflects folk wisdom"Strokes, means loves."
A proverb is a widespread figurative expression that aptly defines any life phenomenon. Unlike proverbs, sayings are devoid of a direct generalized instructive meaning and are limited to a figurative, often allegorical expression: it is easy to remember, like snow on your head, to beat the thumbs - all these are typical sayings, devoid of the nature of a complete judgment. But, the saying, to an even greater extent than the proverb, conveys an emotionally expressive assessment of various life phenomena. The proverb exists in speech in order to express precisely and, above all, the feelings of the speaker. So, the proverb condemns the work that is done rudely, as it should, somehow: “Kill the bag, then we’ll sort it out.”
Sayings, due to their peculiarity of figurative expressions, more often than proverbs, come closer to linguistic phenomena. Sayings have more national, nationwide meaning and meaning than proverbs. Sayings often have all the properties of linguistic phenomena. This is the expression to put a pig in, that is, to make trouble for someone. The origin of this saying is associated with the military system of the ancient Slavs. The squad became a "wedge", like a boar's head, or a "pig", as the Russian chronicles called this system. Over time, the meaning attached to this expression in antiquity was lost.
And finally, for laughs:
List of the most famous sayings retold scientific language:
1. "The dualistic principle of using agricultural implements on a hydrosurface" (It is written with a pitchfork on the water)
2. "The binary nature of the statements of an individual who has lost social activity"(Grandma in two said)
3. "Problems of transporting liquids in vessels with a variable density structure" (Carry water in a sieve)
4. "Optimization of the dynamics of the work of a draft vehicle, associated with the elimination of an initially destructive transport unit" (A woman with a cart is easier for a mare)
5. "Weakly expressed relevance of the application keyboard instruments among persons of the clergy "(what for the ass accordion)
6. "Non-standard methods of treating scoliosis through the administration of ritual services" (a humpbacked grave will correct)
7. "Problems of increasing the fine dispersion of diatomic hydrogen oxide by mechanical means" (crush water in a mortar)
8. "Latent Uses" verbal means communication for labor optimization" (went to...)
9. "Positive impact low coefficient intelligence to increase the set of tasks in the process of implementation labor activity(work fools love)
10. "Solipsism poultry in relation to non-ruminant mammals of the artiodactyl order "(a goose is not a comrade to a pig)
11. "Characteristic external signs as an occasion for the usurpation of the most favorable social status in the market "(with a pig's snout and in a row of kalashny)
12. "Anthropomorphic approach to the creation of the marriage cell" (to whom the mare is the bride)
13. "Syndrome of refusal of legitimization, based on the lack of opportunities for rapid identification of the person" (I am not me, and the horse is not mine)
14. "The influence of seasonal weather conditions on the process accounting birds" (chickens are counted in the fall)
15. "The ambivalent nature of neural impulses emitted by the cerebral cortex" (both wants and pricks)
16. "Patterns of the ratio of the length of the keratinized epidermis with the amount of gray matter in the cranium" (the hair is long, but the mind is short)
17. "A kind of legal act that prevails over currency funds" (an agreement is more expensive than money)
18. "The inadmissibility of using typical elements of housing architecture while denying the culminating manifestation of contemplative-tactile emotions" (love is not a potato, you can't throw it out the window)
19. "Neutrality of the taste characteristics of a cruciferous plant in relation to vegetable crops of central Russia" (radish horseradish is not sweeter)
20. "Antithesis properties of mentally handicapped subjects in the context of the implementation of state regulations" (the law is not written for fools)
21. "Lack of progress-regression in the body's metabolism when the ratio of fats and carbohydrates in the traditional dish of settled peoples changes" (you can't spoil porridge with butter)
Emelyanova Daria and Eremina Alina
The enthusiastic exclamation of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin draws attention to proverbs, enhances interest in this small genre of oral folk art: “What a luxury, what a sense, what is the use of every saying of ours! What a gold!”
A wise saying Academician Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev convinced us of the relevance of the chosen topic:
"Deep penetration into the culture of the past and the culture of other peoples brings times and countries closer."
What are proverbs? What is interesting in the proverb? What is their theme? We answered these questions in literature lessons. We wanted to learn more about this genre of oral folk art, namely:
Problematic issue of the project:
Are there proverbs in the literature of other peoples similar to Russian ones?
Hypothesis:
In the folklore of the peoples of the world there are wise sayings in subject matter and meaning close to Russian proverbs.
Objective of the project:
Introduction to proverbs different peoples and their Russian counterparts.
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Municipal educational institution - secondary comprehensive school No. 3 of the city of Atkarsk, Saratov region
Name of the Hero Soviet Union Antonova V.S.
RESEARCH PROJECT
PROVERBS OF THE PEOPLES OF THE WORLD AND THEIR RUSSIAN ANALOGUES
Emelyanova Daria,
Eremina Alina,
students of 7 "B" class
MOU-SOSH №3.
Scientific adviser:
Prokopenko Valentina Stepanovna,
teacher of Russian language and literature.
2017
- Introduction.
Rationale for the choice of topic.
The relevance of the project. ___________________________________________ 3
- Main part. _______________________________________________4
- Theoretical part.
What is a proverb.______________________________________ 5
Proverbs about proverbs.__________________________________ 5
Sayings about proverbs. ______________________________ 5
- Practical part. Study.
Proverbs of the peoples of the world and their Russian counterparts._______________ 6
- Conclusion. ___________________________________________________________ 6
List of used literature. _______________________________ 7
INTRODUCTION
We will present a research project« Proverbs of the peoples of the world and their Russian counterparts.
Why did we choose this topic?
The enthusiastic exclamation of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin drew our attention to the proverbs, increased our interest in this small genre of oral folk art: “What a luxury, what a meaning, what a sense in each of our proverbs! What a gold!”
And the wise statement of academician Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev convinced us of the relevance of the chosen topic:
"Deep penetration into the culture of the past and the culture of other peoples brings times and countries closer."
What are proverbs? What is interesting in the proverb? What is their theme? We answered these questions in literature lessons. We wanted to learn more about this genre of oral folk art, namely:
Problematic issue of the project:
Are there proverbs in the literature of other peoples similar to Russian ones?
We assumed that
Hypothesis:
In the folklore of the peoples of the world there are wise sayings in subject matter and meaning close to Russian proverbs.
Objective of the project :
Acquaintance with proverbs of different nations and their Russian counterparts.
While working on the project, we solved the following tasks:
We studied the theoretical information about proverbs and sayings,
We got acquainted with collections of proverbs from different peoples of the world,
We compared them with Russian counterparts,
Found illustrations for proverbs,
Compiled an electronic collection of proverbs of the peoples of the world.
Research methods: studying literary source, analysis, description,systematization, generalization of the collected material.
Object of study: Proverbs of the peoples of the world.
Subject of study:Russian analogues of proverbs of other peoples.
The result of the work: Creation of an electronic illustrated collection of proverbs and performance in front of students of the 7th grade at literature lessons.
MAIN PART.
At the beginning of work on the topic, we turned to the dictionary and found out the meaning of the words "proverb" and "saying".
(This information is shown on the slide).
A proverb is a short wise saying that has an instructive meaning, containing a complete thought, worldly wisdom.
The proverb is bright, well-aimed folk expression. A saying differs from a proverb in that it is part of a judgment.
We can also read about what a proverb is in the dictionary of V.I. Dahl: “A proverb is a short parable; she herself says that "naked speech is not a proverb." This is a judgment, a verdict, a lesson, spoken out in the open and put into circulation ...
“There is no contribution from the proverb”, “You won’t get away from the proverb” ... Who composed it is not known to anyone; but everyone knows it and obeys it. This work and common property, like joy and sorrow itself, like the experienced wisdom suffered by a whole generation, expressed by such a verdict ... "
Proverbs and sayings have been created over hundreds of generations. In these short and wise sayings love for the motherland, courage, courage, faith in the triumph of justice, the concept of honor are captured. The topics of proverbs and sayings are countless. They talk about teaching, knowledge, family, diligence and skill.
Proverbs live in every nation, pass from century to century, pass on the accumulated experience to new generations. The people themselves appreciated the importance and beauty of proverbs: “Speech without a proverb is like food without salt” (Amharic), “A proverb is an assistant to all things” (Russian).
Proverbs about the Motherland among all peoples appeared earlier than others. They express the ardent love of the people for their Fatherland.
Russian proverbs about the motherland:
Fish - the sea, birds - the air, and man - the Motherland.
To live in a foreign land is to shed tears.
There is nothing more beautiful in the world than our Motherland.
Beloved homeland - dear mother.
In a foreign land, even the dog is grieving.
Everyone has their own side.
Every pine makes noise to its forest.
To live - to serve the motherland.
Be not only the son of your father - be the son of your people. A man without a homeland is like a nightingale without a song.
Native land and in a handful is sweet.
The peoples of the world about their Motherland:
A brave fellow for the Motherland is born (Nogai).
Motherland is more expensive than another country (Bashkir).
On his street and dog tiger (Afghan).
Everyone is drawn to their native camp (Adyghe).
Without a beloved Motherland, the sun does not warm (Shorskaya).
It is better to lay down bones in the Motherland than to get glory in a foreign land (Ukrainian).
You can leave the house, but not the Motherland (Azerbaijani).
Motherland - berry-foreign land - bloody tear (Estonian).
All peoples are unanimous in asserting that labor is main value life: “A tree is famous for its fruits, a man for his labors” (Azerbaijani proverb), “Without labor you cannot pull a fish out of a pond.”
Countless proverbs ridicule the lazy, gullible: "I ran to the smell of barbecue, but it turned out - the donkey was branded."
Many proverbs reflect understanding of the move natural phenomena: “Morning follows every evening” (Turkish), “Morning is wiser than evening” (Russian).
We have read many proverbs from different peoples of the world on different topics and picked up Russian proverbs close to them in meaning. We have a small collection of proverbs of the peoples of the world and their Russian counterpart.
CONCLUSION
Proverbs different countries very similar to each other, because at all times and among all peoples such human vices, as cowardice, greed, laziness, and such qualities as resourcefulness, diligence, kindness, on the contrary, were welcomed and respected.
Comparison of proverbs and sayings of different peoples of the world shows how much all peoples have in common, which, in turn, contributes to their better mutual understanding and rapprochement. This idea is confirmed Bashkir proverb: "Friendship of peoples is their wealth."
Most proverbs and sayings of the world are permeated with the pathos of humane ideas and pure feelings, contact with their world gives a person joy and emotional excitement.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Literature. 7th grade. Proc. for general education institutions. At 2 o'clock / ed.-stat. V.Ya. Korovin. - M.: Enlightenment, 2009
Ozhegov S.I. Dictionary of the Russian language. / Ed. N.Yu. Shvedova. - M., 2000.
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