Work on the decoration begins with a sketch. First, general sketches of the main scenes are prepared, where the stage designer determines appearance performance. Then a sequence of individual paintings is worked out. Finally, on the basis general sketch the artist builds a three-dimensional layout of the stage design, and also develops sketches separate parts decoration - backdrop, volumetric part, backstage scenery. On the layout, the arrangement of individual elements and their future sizes and volumetric ratios are worked out.
Usually, the artist works on the layout together with the director of the performance. Only after the director's image of the production is determined, the development of individual parts of the scenery begins. Simultaneously with the layout, a sketch of the backdrop and backstage canvases is being worked out. Large-scale copies are made with exact observance of all ratios. 
On their basis, real decorations are made in the decoration workshop. First, three-dimensional structures and a backdrop are built. As a rule, the artist arranges several viewings, parts of the scenery are mounted on the stage in order to check the volumetric ratios and the choice of sizes. As a result of preliminary mounts, changes are made. Sometimes you have to enlarge the backdrop pattern or introduce certain color details on it.
When the process of creating the main volumetric details is completed, the scene design begins. Carpets, curtains, chandeliers, pieces of furniture are made according to the sketches of the decorator. At this stage, the set designer works with the costume designer. During pre-mounting, the ratio is checked color solution all design elements, final stage preparation, the lighting designer also begins to participate in the work.
He arranges stationary and mobile light, highlighting some elements of the scenery and shading others.
Everyone has visited the theater at least once. Such events fill with emotions, give spiritual satisfaction. Surely everyone knows what the scenery is, but few can imagine how theatrical performances would look without them. But this element is mandatory to create the desired effect.
What is scenery
Each performance requires a long preparation. The scenery in the theater can be different, for example:
- small fragments that create the right atmosphere;
- large-scale compositions that give a sense of the reality of what is happening on the stage;
- lighting effects produced by spotlights and similar equipment.
In any case, it is not difficult to understand what scenery is. Thoughtful compositions can consist of different details and elements, which generally gives the opportunity to create the picture that is needed for a full perception of the action transmitted by the actors.
Why decorate the stage
Knowing what decorations are, you can understand how necessary they are in any performance. Without certain props, the picture will be incomplete. Yes, and it is easier for actors to convey emotions when the necessary atmosphere is created on the stage. Even a child knows what the scenery is in the theater, nevertheless, it is worth considering in detail the question of for what purpose and why they were invented.
Of course, professionally performing actors and without additional compositions on stage can convey the right emotions viewers. But the scenery in the theater will help:
- fully immerse the viewer in the story;
- give the actors the opportunity to fully and completely convey the essence of the production;
- set the mood for the performance and open up the horizons of creativity for those involved in the design of the stage for performances.
Having learned what the scenery is, a person will pay more attention to them when visiting the theater. And also understand how important stage decoration is. After all, we all want the actors to reveal their talents to the maximum and inspire those who came to see their performance.
Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below
Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.
Posted on http://www.allbest.ru/
OGAPOU "Governor's College of Social and Cultural Technologies and Innovations"
Essay
On the topic: "Scenery in the theater"
Work completed: 1st year student
Vorontsova Elena
The word "decoration" is most often used to refer to the accessories of the theater, whose purpose is to create the illusion of a place in which the action played out on the stage takes place. That's why theatrical scenery represent for the most part either landscapes or perspective views of streets, squares and the interior of buildings. They are painted on canvas.
The main components of each theatrical scenery are the curtain and backstage. The first is hung in the depths of the stage, stretching across its entire width, and depicts everything that is in the background in the reproduced landscape or perspective; the wings are pieces of linen, narrower in comparison with the curtain, stretched over a wooden binding and cut out at one end in a proper way; they are placed on the sides of the stage in two, three or several rows, one after the other, and represent closer objects, for example. trees, rocks, houses, pilasters and other parts of the scene. The scenery is supplemented by subarcs - pieces of canvas stretched at the top across the entire stage and depicting pieces of the sky, upper branches of trees, ceiling vaults, etc. e.g. stones, bridges, cliffs, hanging galleries, stairs, etc.
The artist who is engaged in the performance of theatrical scenery and is called a decorator must possess, in addition to the training necessary for a painter in general, some special knowledge: he must know perfectly the rules of linear and aerial perspective, to master a very wide method of writing, to be able to adapt his coloring to the fiery lighting in which stage performances usually take place, and in general to count on the fact that as a result of his work a picturesque setting for the play being played is obtained, not only not harming it with its excessive simplicity or pretentiousness , but contributing to the strength and efficiency of the impression it makes on the viewer.
Composing sketch drawing scenery, the decorator makes a model for it, that is, a miniature likeness of the stage with a cardboard curtain, backstage and other accessories, so that this model can be used to judge in advance the effect of the future work. After that, proceeding to the execution of the scenery itself, he stretches the canvas of the curtain in a horizontal position on the floor of his workshop, transfers the drawing of the sketch to it in an enlarged form by breaking it into squares, and, finally, starts writing with paints. He does exactly the same when performing backstage and other parts of the scenery. The palette is replaced by a box with cans of various paints diluted with glue; for writing, more or less large brushes made of bristles with long handles are used. During work, he interrupts it every now and then in order to climb the gallery, arranged in the workshop at a certain height from the floor, and look from there at what was written. He usually does not work alone, but together with his students and assistants, to whom he entrusts preparation and secondary parts of the work.
scenery performance sketch dramaturgy
Stage performances were furnished with decorations by the ancient Greeks. As one of the oldest decorators known in history, one can point to Agafarch, who lived approximately in 460-420 years. BC modern times decorative painting developed primarily in Italy, which delivered the best craftsmen on this part and other countries.
From Italian decorators V XVIII century Giovanni Servandoni, who worked for Royal Opera in Paris. Then the championship in the area under consideration passed to the French. Among them, the theatrical painter Boke showed a remarkable talent; the famous Watteau and Boucher did not hesitate to break away from the performance of their paintings in order to write for the stage. Then, among the French decorators, Degotti, Ciceri, the students of the last Sechan, Desplechin, Fescher and Cambon, Chaperon, Thierry, Rube and Cheret enjoyed loud fame. Outstanding decorators in Germany were Schinkel, Karl Gropius, the Italians Quaglio and I. Hoffmann. In Russia, the needs of the imperial theaters were satisfied at the beginning by visiting Italian decorators - Perezinotti, Quarenghi, Canopy, Gonzaga, and then, in the reign of Nicholas I, German artists Andreas Roller, K. Wagner and others; Only in the second half of the 19th century did decorative painting take the path of independence in Russia thanks to such gifted masters as M. I. Bocharov and M. A. Shishkov, and the establishment of a special class at the Academy of Arts for the study of this branch of art.
Theatrical and decorative art (often also called scenography) - view fine arts, Related to decoration theatrical performance, i.e., the creation on theater stage the living environment in which the heroes of a dramatic or musical-dramatic work act, as well as the appearance of these heroes themselves. The main elements of theatrical and decorative art - scenery, lighting, props and props, costumes and make-up of actors - constitute a single artistic whole, expressing the meaning and nature of the stage action, subordinate to the idea of the performance. Theatrical and decorative art is closely connected with the development of the theatre. Stage performances without elements of artistic and visual design are an exception.
The basis of the artistic design of the performance is the scenery depicting the place and time of the action. The specific form of scenery (composition, color scheme, etc.) is determined not only by the content of the action, but also by its external conditions (more or less rapid changes in the scene, peculiarities of perception of scenery from auditorium, combining it with certain lighting, etc.). The image embodied on the stage is initially created by the artist in a sketch or layout. The path from the sketch to the layout and design of the scene is connected with the search for the greatest expressiveness of the scenery and its artistic completeness. In the work of the best theater artists the sketch matters not only the working plan stage design, but also relatively independent work of art.
Theatrical scenery includes a stage frame, a special curtain (or curtains), a visual solution stage space scenes, backstage, background, etc. The ways of depicting the living environment on the stage are diverse. In the traditions of Russian realistic art, pictorial solutions prevail. At the same time, written planar elements are usually combined with built ones (volumetric or semi-volumetric) into an integral image that creates the illusion of a single spatial environment of action. But the basis of the scenery can also be figurative and expressive structures, projections, draperies, screens, etc., as well as a combination various ways Images. The development of stage technique and the expansion of representational methods do not, however, cancel the significance of painting as the basis of theatrical and decorative art in general. The choice of image method in each individual case is determined by the specific content, genre and style of the work embodied on the stage.
Suits actors, created by the artist in unity with the scenery, characterize social, national, individual characteristics the heroes of the play. They correspond in color to the scenery (“fit” into big picture), and in a ballet performance they also have a special “dance” specificity (they must be comfortable and light and emphasize dance movements). With the help of lighting, not only a clear visibility (visibility, “readability”) of the scenery is achieved, but also depicted various times year and day, illusion natural phenomena(snow, rain, etc.). Lighting color effects are able to create a feeling of a certain emotional atmosphere of a stage action.
Theatrical and decorative art changes with development artistic culture generally. It depends on the dominant artistic style, on the type of dramaturgy, on the state visual arts, as well as from the arrangement of theatrical premises and the stage, from the lighting technique and many other specific historical conditions.
Theatrical and decorative art in Russia has reached a high level of development. turn of the XIX--XX centuries, when they came to the theater outstanding artists. They brought a great pictorial culture to the design of performances, achieved the artistic integrity of the stage action, the organic participation of fine art in it, the unity of scenery, lighting and costumes with dramaturgy and music. These were artists who first worked at the Mammoth Opera (V. M. Vasnetsov, V. D. Polenov, M. A. Vrubel, etc.), then in the Moscow Art Theater(V. A. Simov and others), in imperial musical theaters(K. A. Korovin, A. Ya. Golovin), Diaghilev's "Russian Seasons" (A. N. Benois, L. S. Bakst, N. K. Roerich and others).
A powerful stimulus for the development of theatrical and decorative art was given creative search advanced directing (K. S. Stanislavsky, V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, V. E. Meyerhold, choreographers M. M. Fokin and A. A. Gorsky).
Literature
E. Zmoiro. Scenery model for the performance of the Central children's theater"Skates" based on the play by S. V. Mikhalkov. 1976.
Hosted on Allbest.ru
...Similar Documents
Scenography as the art of creating a visual image of a performance through scenery, costumes, lighting, staging techniques. Basic systems and principles of decoration. Stage light is one of critical components choreographic design.
abstract, added 03/15/2013
Trends in the development of scenography. The artistic unity of the scenery of the performance and the technique of the stage. The use of volumetric-spatial structures. Problems of theatrical space. The use of gates and blocks, ropes on suspensions in a modern theater.
article, added 08/20/2013
The main material in the art of the director. Creativity of the artist involved in the creation of the performance. Expression of the ideological and creative aspirations of the actor. Creative organization of stage action. The behavior of the actor on stage. Directing techniques.
test, added 08/24/2013
The concept of decorative art as a means of expression theatrical art. The main means of expressiveness of theatrical art: the role of scenery, costume, make-up in revealing the image of the characters, the visual and optical design of the performance.
control work, added 12/17/2010
Methods and techniques of the director's work on the artistic design of the performance. Forms of scenic expression. Basic safety requirements when working with lighting and projection equipment, equipment on the stage.
control work, added 03/09/2009
acting and artistic specificity theater. Mise-en-scene as an essential component of the director's concept of the play. The meaning of tempo and rhythm in performing arts. Music and light are one of the brightest means of designing any performance.
abstract, added 11/11/2010
stage action, its difference from action in life. The relationship of physical and psychological action. The main parts of the action: assessment, extension, actual action, impact. Director's sketch based on the painting "Visit of the Princess of the Convent".
control work, added 01/08/2011
Premiere of the play "The Power of Darkness" at the Bolshoi drama theater them. G.A. Tovstonogov. Biography of director Temur Chkheidze. People and passions staged by the BDT im. G.A. Tovstonogov. Features of the production of the play directed by Yuri Solomin at the Maly Theater.
term paper, added 07/05/2012
Make-up of the 30s of the XX century. on stage and in cinema. Analysis of the style and make-up of Marlene Dietrich. Makeup methods. Preparation of the skin, materials and means for the procedure. The influence of colors and light on makeup. Technological stages of applying stage make-up.
term paper, added 09/12/2014
The success of the first "Russian season" of a group of ballet dancers from the Imperial Theaters of St. Petersburg and Moscow in May 1909. Fokine's ballet productions at the Mariinsky Theatre. He created a completely new type of performance, new approaches to staging classical dance.
All children are waiting for the holidays. Some dream of gifts, others rejoice at the approach of fun and joyful emotions. This expectation is especially felt in kindergarten And primary school schools. It is impossible to imagine holidays in children's institutions without matinees. And the very preparation for them is an exciting process, during which all the children get roles in the upcoming production. To make the performance look “real”, it needs to be designed accordingly. Decorations for matinees are created precisely for the purpose of organizing the appropriate entourage of the festive production. In their environment, children will feel the importance of what is happening and their role. The Interdesign company is engaged in the production of scenery for children's performances, and offers to purchase finished products or order its production according to your own project.
Outdoor decorations. Specifications
Each children's institution should have a set of items to decorate the stage. It most often includes hanging and floor decorations. The former can be made of thin plywood or even paper, and are attached to a wall or curtain fabric. Floor decorations have a stable base. It is around them that the action of the play unfolds. Therefore, the main requirement that is put forward for products of this group is the safety of children who are on stage.
Floor decorations are made of MDF boards, 6 - 8 millimeters thick. The stability of the base is ensured by its sufficient area and the presence of supports (if necessary). The image is applied by gluing a full-color print. At the request of the customer, it can be applied to one side of the decoration or both. In the first case, the scenery must be installed facing the viewer. In the second - you can distribute the scenery around the stage in a free order. Double-sided floor decorations can be used in productions that are held in the hall. Children, being both active participants and spectators of the performance, can go behind such scenery without risking seeing their reverse (unformed) side. The surface of the floor decorations is laminated with a protective film. This allows them to be used for many years. The edges of decorative objects are smoothly polished so that even by accident the child cannot get hurt.
Decorations for the holidays. Varieties
With the help of scenery, you can turn an ordinary event into a unique action. You can buy ready-made decorations or order their production according to your own sketch. The Interdesign company offers decorative objects of different sizes and with images:
- houses, huts and towers;
- Vehicle;
- cartoon and fairy-tale characters.
With the help of floor decorations, you can create a feeling of different seasons in which the action takes place. For autumn matinees, decorations with the image yellow leaves and mushrooms, withered forest and fruit-bearing trees. To put winter fairy tale, you will need scenery of snow-covered huts and trees. Spring mood will be created by images of wildflowers and lush grass. The lightness of the floor decorations makes it possible to change them quickly. Having closed the curtain, 2 adults will be able to replace one scenery with another in 5 seconds, completely changing the stage picture.
Double-sided floor decorations can be used not only for performances and matinees, but also for everyday children's games and competitions. They can be taken to open areas while walking children or set in the playroom.
How to buy theatrical scenery for children's matinees?
On the Interdesign website you will find a catalog of scenery, in which they are divided into categories. This greatly facilitates the search for the desired item. Acquainted with technical specifications and the price of each decoration you can on its product page. You will go to it by clicking on the image of the item you like. You can send the selected product to the virtual basket in 1 click.
After filling it, you can place an order in in electronic format or use the phone number listed on the site. The manager of the company will explain to you the rules of payment for goods and their delivery.
It was on their first stages in childhood that many outstanding artists felt the magic of the stage and decided on future profession. Even if this does not happen, every child, participating in the play, will be able to reveal their potential and learn how to communicate with their peers. It is in such an environment that the child will first try to present himself. Without exaggeration, we can say that his future largely depends on how much he likes it.
EcoDecor company is a manufacturer of custom-made decorations. We make decorations different types: studio, theatrical, concert, exhibition stands, interactive canvases and interactive decorations.
We are able to work with various materials: metal structures, wood and plywood structures, plastic decorations. We also make dynamic scenery, work with electronics, make special effects. We have extensive experience in production: from mechanics to electronics.
Decorations for the store. Store opening? The original window dressing will attract attention. New collection? Decorations will help to focus the attention of visitors on exactly what you want.
Decorations in the room. We can produce original decorations for a room, for example, an office, an apartment or a hotel. Stylization of the room under the cave, fabulous motifs Or space theme? All of this is feasible and affordable. I use technologies from simple interior printing to the production of three-dimensional figures.
Decorations for outdoor areas. If you are holding a corporate training, presentation or birthday on outdoors, then we can also help you here: open scenes, catwalks, scenery and additional decorations for them.
Scenery in the park. Scenery for park performances or outdoor events. Maybe there is a specialized art exhibition in your park? We can create unique and unusual scenery according to your order.
Scenery in the theater. Classical theatrical scenery does not require additional comments.
Decorations for exhibitions(exhibition stands). Does your company want to make its booth stand out from the same gray mass? We can help you with this. We will decorate your stand with various shapes, light, sound and video effects.
Decorations for concerts, presentations, holidays, parties and corporate events . Each event is a unique event that simply needs to be highlighted. Can you go to easy way- make banner decorations (large-format printing on the banner), in addition to this, you can add three-dimensional letters to the stage: the name of the group, company, seminar. Going even further, we can add three-dimensional figures: hearts for Valentine's Day, an Oscar figurine figure if we are talking awards or a 3D company logo. Here the limit is your imagination.
Scenery for photo shoots. Absolutely any ideas can be realized here. We can make props, both in natural size, and enlarged or reduced copies. We make enlarged copies of objects, both with the help of foam and plastic, and with the help of silicone.
Decorations for shopping centers (TC). IN modern world without original themed decorations shopping center not attract visitors, so we offer a variety of holiday decorations: Christmas decorations, Halloween decorations, winter/spring/summer and autumn decorations, as well as decorations dedicated to various sporting events. Singing fountains, interior and exterior lighting, lighting control - all these are components of the scenery work.
Scenery for cinema. We make various props and props to order. We work with special effects, dynamic scenery. Any props, copies of elements (according to the description or photograph). Dynamic objects, electronics, moving effects and scenery.
We focus on creating original and sophisticated solutions!
