Art predicts the future. Prediction in art

11.02.2019

Teaching the subject of Art in grades 8-9, in his pedagogical activity I rely on the program of the following authors: G.P. Sergeeva,

I.E. Kashekova, E.D. Cretan. The textbook, which corresponds to the named program, has a lot of great topics. But the greatest interest students are called those that are associated with various predictions in art.

In the history of art, one can find many examples of anticipation of the future in the works of artists, composers, writers, and representatives of the film industry.

This is explained by the fact that artistic thinking, characteristic of representatives of creative professions, will make it possible to make amazing predictions that materialize over time.

In this article, I would like to pay attention to the predictions of the future in the works of the literary genre. Let's remember such relatives of each of us Russians folk tales which we read as children. The Russian people, like many other peoples, have always believed in miracles. Therefore, in all our fairy tales there are magical objects: walking boots, a miracle mirror, a flying ship, etc.

Silver saucer with a pouring apple from the fairy tale “ The Scarlet Flower”, for example, could show “cities, fields, forests and seas, mountains, heights and heavens beauty, all Mother Rus'”. Progress has replaced the silver saucer with a TV that can show a person whatever he wants.

Apple products, whose name translates as “apple”, are now very popular. All gadgets produced by her can also be considered a full-fledged replacement for the fabulous silver saucer.

A hidden prediction of the future is present in the work of world-famous writers: R. Bradbury, E. Poe, A. Belyaev, A. Tolstoy, M. Robertson, A. Conan Doyle, Jules Verne.

Ray Bradbury is a famous American science fiction writer. He wrote parable stories, romantic stories, and magical "fairy tales about the future." Friends called him the great-grandson of the sorceress. A long time ago, at the Salem trial, a witch, the great-grandmother of the future writer, was burned. The ability to bewitch the world with his talent Bradbury apparently inherited from her.

Numerous works brought the writer fame not only as a teller of amazing stories, but also as a predictor of the future.

His readers were drawn to unusual visions of the future, and admirers of his talent were often asked to write as much as possible about it.

At the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st century, thousands of inventions appeared that changed the life of modern man. These fantastic inventions were foreseen by Ray Bradbury.

The writer has a story called "The Killer". Its plot is as follows: the police bring a criminal to a psychiatric hospital for examination, who began to destroy telephones, selectors, radios and other means of communication. The work talks about an unusual radio bracelet that allows you to talk on the go. This is nothing more than a prototype of a modern mobile phone. The story was written in 1953, but the brilliant science fiction writer managed to predict the future with incredible accuracy.

Or, for example, the story “Veld”, written a little earlier. It describes a fully immersive TV room. We read: “smooth two-dimensional walls… began to melt, as if going into a transparent distance, and an African veld appeared - three-dimensional, in colors, like a real one, down to the smallest pebble and blade of grass.” And these images: Cell phones, three-dimensional images, stereo sound, ATMs, which appeared relatively recently, are no longer something fantastic for us.

Bradbury himself believed that he had only one book in the science fiction genre. This is the famous work "451 degrees Fahrenheit". The book describes an attempt to build an ideal, manageable society. All dissenters are destroyed, all books larger than pamphlets are burned. Written several decades ago, in years already far from us, the novel has not lost its relevance even now. This work also describes a “smart home”, in which it is possible to control an air conditioner, a washing machine, etc. household appliances. With amazing foresight, players are described - miniature "shells", radios-plugs inserted into the ears, and half-wall TV screens showing stupid reality shows, and the dominance of stupefying advertising. And the animal-shaped robot described by Bradbury is reminiscent of dog-shaped robots, which were first developed by SONI in 1999.

One often hears that science fiction writers predict the future, but no one can be as accurate and terrifyingly accurate as Bradbury.

Currently, the work of the most popular Russian science fiction writer of the 20th century, Alexander Belyaev, is of genuine interest. I recall his most famous work "Professor Dowell's Head". It tells about the transplantation and maintenance of life in organs separate from the body.

At the time when this work was written, transplantology was only a fiction, an idea, a fantasy. Some scenes from the book look gloomy and even somewhat intimidating, in a word, they are extremely different from reality.

Currently, transplantation as a branch of medicine is actively developing. Modern transplant surgeons improve methods for transplanting individual organs - the heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, soft tissues.

Over time, it will obviously become possible to transplant entire organ systems, including the head.

But, unfortunately, sometimes the prophecies in the works of writers are tragic. A classic example is Edgar Allan Poe's The Tale of the Adventures of Arthur Gordon Pym, which was published in 1838. It speaks of four survivors of a shipwreck. They spent many days in poverty on the high seas. Driven to despair by thirst and hunger, the three kill and eat the fourth, Richard Parker.

Nearly fifty years have passed. In 1884, the ship "Magnonette" was wrecked and sunk. The four survivors, like the heroes of Edgar Allan Poe, ended up in the same boat. After many days of hopeless wanderings on the desert sea, mad with hunger, three of them kill and eat the fourth. The name of this fourth turned out to be Richard Parker. Similar coincidences are frankly shocking.

But one of the most famous and tragic cases of foreseeing a real catastrophe is the novel American writer Morgan Robertson, which was called "The Futility, or the Death of the Titan". The novel was published in 1898, fourteen years before the sinking of the transatlantic liner Titanic. This book is far from the best from an artistic point of view, but it provides its author with a certain posthumous fame.

The novel creates a certain fictional image of a huge transatlantic liner, amazing in its size, called “Titan”, the main passengers of which were millionaires - “the cream of society”. The ship was a real floating city, behind the iron walls of which there was everything that minimized all the dangers and inconveniences of a voyage across the Atlantic and made it possible to enjoy life. After being published in a rather limited edition, the book sold poorly and was soon forgotten.

But on the fateful day of April 14, 1912, the Titanic, built by the British company White Star Line, collided with an iceberg in the waters of the Atlantic and sank. On that fateful day, everyone learned about the book and its author. The list of coincidences between the real image and the fictional one was truly monstrous.

Both liners wore similar names. Similar sizes, types and power of engines, the number of passengers, an insufficient number of lifeboats, the declared unsinkability of the vessel, the presence of two brass bands - this is not a complete list of Robertson's correct guesses.

Currently, many interested in this phenomenon are asking the question: what was it? Coincidence or an example of the highest foresight? The answer is obvious. After all, it is no coincidence that Morgan Robertson was nicknamed Nostradamus of the 20th century.

Such predictions deserve attention. Undoubtedly, on the one hand, it is exciting to read about such prophecies, to argue about whether this is true or not. And you involuntarily wonder if there are any prophecies in modern works of art?

Any work of art is directed to the future. In the history of art, one can find many examples of artists warning their fellow citizens about an impending social danger: wars, splits, revolutions, etc. The ability to providence is inherent in great artists, perhaps it is precisely in it main force art. German painter and Renaissance graphic artist Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528) created the Apocalypse series of engravings. The artist expressed an anxious expectation of world-historical changes, which really shook Germany after some time. According to the plot of the Apocalypse, horsemen appear on earth in turn, but the artist specially placed them side by side. Everything is like in life - war, pestilence, death, judgment come together. It is believed that the key to this placement of figures is Dürer's desire to warn his contemporaries and descendants that, having crushed the wall that the artist erected in the form of the edge of the engraving, the horsemen will inevitably break into real world.Etchings by F. Goya, paintings "Guernica" by P. Picasso, "Bolshevik" by B. Kustodiev, " new planet» K. Yuon and many others.In the painting "Bolshevik" Boris Mikhailovich Kustodiev (1878-1927) used a metaphor ( hidden meaning), which has not been solved for many decades. Using this example, one can understand how the content of the picture is filled with new meaning, how the era, with its new views, changed value orientations, puts new meanings into the content.Any work of art is directed to the future. In the history of art, one can find many examples of artists warning their fellow citizens about an impending social danger: wars, splits, revolutions, etc. The ability to provide is inherent in great artists, perhaps it is precisely in this that the main strength of art lies.The German Renaissance painter and graphic artist Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528) created the Apocalypse series of engravings. The artist expressed an alarming expectation of world-historical changes, which really shook Germany after a while.According to the plot of the Apocalypse, horsemen appear on the ground in turn, but the artist specifically placed them side by side. Everything is like in life - war, pestilence, death, judgment come together. It is believed that the key to this placement of figures is Dürer's desire to warn his contemporaries and descendants that, having crushed the wall that the artist erected in the form of the edge of the engraving, the riders will inevitably burst into the real world.Etchings by F. Goya, paintings “Guernica” by P. Picasso, “Bolshevik” by B. Kustodiev, “New Planet” by K. Yuon and many others can be considered examples of predictions by the art of social change and upheaval.


Any work of art is directed to the future. In the history of art, one can find many examples of artists warning their fellow citizens about an impending social danger: wars, splits, revolutions, etc. The ability to provide is inherent in great artists, perhaps it is precisely in this that the main strength of art lies.


The German Renaissance painter and graphic artist Albrecht Dürer () created a series of engravings "Apocalypse" (Greek apokalypsis revelation, this word serves as the name of one of the ancient church books that contains prophecies about the end of the world). The artist expressed an alarming expectation of world-historical changes, which really shook Germany after a while. Albrecht Dürer


Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse The most significant of this series is the engraving "Four Horsemen". Horsemen Death, Judgment, War, Pestilence rush furiously across the earth, sparing neither kings nor commoners. Swirling clouds and horizontal strokes of the background increase the speed of this frenzied gallop. But the archer's arrow rests on the right edge of the engraving, as if stopping this movement. According to the plot of the Apocalypse, horsemen appear on the ground in turn, but the artist specifically placed them side by side. Just like in life, war, pestilence, death, judgment come together. It is believed that the key to this placement of figures is Durer's desire to warn his contemporaries and descendants that, having crushed the wall that the artist erected in the form of the edge of the engraving, the riders will inevitably break into the real world.






The reason for the creation of "Guernica" by Pablo Picasso was the bombing of the Basque city of Guernica. During civil war In Spain, on April 26, 1937, the Condor Legion, a volunteer unit of the Luftwaffe, made a night raid on Guernica. Painting "Guernica" by P. Picasso Several air bombs were dropped on the city, which caused a devastating fire, as a result of which a significant part of the city was destroyed and, according to various estimates, about a person suffered. The artist showed the brutal face of war, a reflection of that terrible reality in abstract forms, and it is still in our anti-war arsenal.” In general, this picture is the best way to convey all the tragedy of heartlessness of people. Guernica by Pablo Picasso


Bolshevik. B. Kustodiev In the painting "Bolshevik" Boris Mikhailovich Kustodiev (1878-1927) used a metaphor (hidden meaning), which for many decades was not unraveled. For many years this picture was interpreted as solemn anthem a steadfast, firm spirit, unbending revolutionary, towering over the ordinary world, which he overshadows with a red flag soaring into the sky. Many Events last decade 20th century made it possible to understand what the artist consciously or, most likely, unconsciously felt at the beginning of the century. Today this picture is filled with new content. But how the artists of that time managed to feel the coming social changes so accurately remains a mystery.


New planet. K. Yuon The new planet is Soviet Russia, the appearance of which shook the universe and moved the luminaries from their paths. Tiny figurines of people thrown to the ground in horror or stretching their arms to the sky flooded with mystical light are called to remind that the fate of one person is insignificant against the backdrop of world cataclysms, one of which Yuon sees the October Revolution.


IN musical art an example of foresight is the piece for orchestra "The Question Left Unanswered" (" space landscape») American composer C. Ives (). Unanswered question It was created at the beginning of the 20th century. at the time when they were scientific discoveries in the field of space exploration and creation aircraft(K. Tsiolkovsky). This piece, built on the dialogue of strings and woodwinds, became philosophical reflection about the place and role of man in the universe.


Aristarkh Vasilyevich Lentulov () The picture is a real polyphony of planes and semicircles, which are spread over the field of the canvas and are associated with sound waves emanating from the bell tower of Ivan the Great. In the imagination, this canvas evokes polyphonic Easter raspberry chimes. The cubo-futuristic style of writing does not interfere with the recognition of white-stone chambers and towers traditional for Russia with characteristic arches, openings and domes. The unstable cone of the bell tower tilts its head towards the main dome, and they seem to be embraced by a single rhythm emanating from the ringer in the center of the picture, trying to swing the bell. The cascade of color-sound waves is combined with light sectors of triangles and semicircles, creating a holistic image of the microcosm. Ivan the Great belltower


In the paintings "Moscow" and "St. Basil's" unprecedented, fantastic forces shift established forms and concepts, a chaotic mixture of colors conveys kaleidoscopic, fragile images of the city and individual structures that break into countless elements. All this appears before the audience as a moving, shimmering, sounding, emotionally saturated world. The wide use of metaphor helps the artist to turn ordinary things into vivid generalized images. Moscow Vasily Blazhenny


Page Look up the meaning of the word "woodcut" in the dictionary. A series of engravings by A. Durer "Apocalypse" was made in this technique. What did the artist want to express in his paintings: anxiety, electrified consciousness of his contemporaries? changeable impermanence of the world? feeling of joy and brightness of life? Express your opinion about artistic images paintings. Consider K. Yuon's painting "The New Planet", painted in 1921. Give an interpretation of the idea of ​​this painting from the position of a person of today. Artistic and creative task literary script on the topic " bells Russia "(" And the bell ringing rushes over the earth ... ").

Any work of art is directed to the future. In the history of art, one can find many examples of artists warning their fellow citizens about an impending social danger: wars, splits, revolutions, etc. The ability to provide is inherent in great artists, perhaps it is precisely in this that the main strength of art lies.

The German Renaissance painter and graphic artist Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528) created the Apocalypse series of engravings. The artist expressed an alarming expectation of world-historical changes, which really shook Germany after a while.

According to the plot of the Apocalypse, horsemen appear on the ground in turn, but the artist specifically placed them side by side. Everything is like in life - war, pestilence, death, judgment come together. It is believed that the key to this placement of figures is Dürer's desire to warn his contemporaries and descendants that, having crushed the wall that the artist erected in the form of the edge of the engraving, the riders will inevitably burst into the real world.

Etchings by F. Goya, paintings “Guernica” by P. Picasso, “Bolshevik” by B. Kustodiev, “New Planet” by K. Yuon and many others can be considered examples of predictions by the art of social change and upheaval.

In the painting Bolshevik, Boris Mikhailovich Kustodiev (1878–1927) used a metaphor (hidden meaning) that had not been unraveled for many decades. Using this example, one can understand how the content of the picture is filled with new meaning, how the era, with its new views, changed value orientations, puts new meanings into the content.

For many years, this picture was interpreted as a solemn hymn to a staunch, firm spirit, unbending revolutionary, towering over the ordinary world, which he overshadows with a red flag soaring into the sky. Events of the last decade of the twentieth century. made it possible to understand what the artist consciously or, most likely, unconsciously felt at the beginning of the century. Today, this picture, like K. Yuon's "New Planet", is filled with new content. But how the artists of that time managed to feel the coming social changes so accurately remains a mystery.

In the art of music, an example of this kind of foresight is the piece for orchestra "The Unanswered Question" ("Space Landscape") by the American composer C. Ives (1874-1954). It was created at the beginning of the 20th century. - at a time when scientific discoveries were made in the field of space exploration and the creation of aircraft (K. Tsiolkovsky). This piece, built on the dialogue of strings and woodwinds, has become a philosophical reflection on the place and role of man in the Universe.

In the paintings "Moscow" and "St. Basil's" unprecedented, fantastic forces shift established forms and concepts, a chaotic mixture of colors conveys kaleidoscopic, fragile images of the city and individual structures that break into countless elements. All this appears before the audience as a moving, shimmering, sounding, emotionally saturated world. The wide use of metaphor helps the artist to turn ordinary things into vivid generalized images.

In Russian musical art, the theme of bells has found a vivid embodiment in the work of various composers of the past and present: (M. Glinka, M. Mussorgsky, S. Rachmaninov, G. Sviridov, V. Gavrilin, A. Petrov, etc.).

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Ecology of consumption. Does it predict Science fiction future or inspires future discoveries? When reading any of these books, where bionic prostheses and tablets were described decades or even centuries ago, this question inevitably arises in the reader.

Does science fiction predict the future or inspire future discoveries? When reading any of these books, where bionic prostheses and tablets were described decades or even centuries ago, this question inevitably arises in the reader.

We have collected for you examples of works, the authors of which looked into the water.

1. Jonathan Swift in "Gulliver's Travels" predicted the discovery of two moons of Mars

In that satire 1726 tells of a man named Gulliver who travels through different worlds. For example, one of them is inhabited by midgets, and the other by giants. When Gulliver finds himself on the island of Laputa, local astronomers notice that two moons are orbiting Mars. More than 150 years later, in 1877, it was discovered that Mars does indeed have two moons, Phobos and Deimos.

2. Mary Shelley predicted modern transplants in Frankenstein

In 1818, when Shelley wrote Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus, science was just beginning to study new area: resuscitation of dead tissue with electricity. And while the methods of the time were crude to say the least, they set the stage for future medical breakthroughs, including the organ transplants that Shelley wrote about.

3. Jules Verne predicted an electric submarine in 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea.

Jules Verne is one of the most famous visionaries of the 19th century. He made many successful predictions - from lunar modules to solar sails - more than a hundred years before the real discoveries. However, his most famous book is Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. The novel was published in 1870 and described an electric submarine 90 years before the invention.

4. Edward Bellamy predicted credit cards in Looking Back

63 years before the creation of credit cards, in 1888, Bellamy published a utopian novel Looking Backward, 2000-1887; golden age"; " Future century»; "One Hundred Years Later"). Julian West falls asleep for 113 years, and when he wakes up in 2000, he finds that everyone uses so-called "credit" cards to buy goods.

5. Hugo Gernsback predicted solar energy in Ralph 124C 41+

This early romance Gernsbeck, the man for whom the most famous science fiction award, the Hugo Book Awards, was named after, was written in 1911, but it is set in 2660. The novel predicts solar energy, televisions, tape recorders, sound films and space travel.

6. H. G. Wells predicted the atomic bomb in The World Set Free

With his novel The World Set Free, published in 1914, H.G. Wells not only predicted nuclear weapon, but may have given Dr. Leo Szilard, who first split the atom, the idea of ​​a devastating atomic bomb. In the Wells universe atomic bomb there was a hand uranium grenade, that is, an ordinary bomb with the addition of radioactivity. Science reached this idea only after thirty years.

7. Huxley in O Wonderful new world» predicted mood enhancing pills

This dark novel portrays a drug-addicted capitalist society that values ​​sexual freedom over monogamy and divides people into castes. In his 1931 book, Huxley foresaw the use of mood-enhancing pills as well as reproductive technology and the problems of overcrowding.

8 George Orwell Predicted Big Brother And Mass Video Surveillance In 1984

In his classic dystopia, Orwell introduces for the first time such concepts as "Big Brother", "doublethink", "newspeak" and "thought police". The 1949 novel shows dark world four decades after the end of World War II. It talks a lot about censorship, propaganda, and the arbitrary government of the future. Orwell also predicted massive video surveillance and police helicopters.

9. Ray Bradbury predicted in-ear headphones in Fahrenheit 451

This has become cult book was written in 1953. It is about a technologically advanced society where books are outlawed and any book found must be burned. The anti-utopia describes, in particular, flat-panel TVs, as well as portable radios, similar in meaning to in-ear headphones and Bluetooth headsets.

10. Robert Heinlein predicted the waterbed in Stranger in a Strange Land.

The protagonist of this 1961 novel, Valentine Michael Smith, raised on Mars and raised by Martians, comes to Earth. In addition to discussing intergalactic politics and other burning topics, the author predicted modern waterbeds decades before they were invented.

11. Arthur Clarke predicted the iPad in A Space Odyssey

This 1968 book by Arthur C. Clarke about an alien civilization creating intelligent life on Earth is replete with speculation about nuclear war, evolution and danger artificial intelligence in the form of the HAL 9000 supercomputer. accurate prediction turned out to be a description of electronic newspapers, very similar to modern tablets.

12. John Brunner predicted satellite TV and electric cars in "All Stand on Zanzibar"

Brunner's dystopia was first published in 1968. Apart from realistic plot, the book contains many examples of the technologies that surround us today, including interactive and satellite television, laser printers, electric cars, and even the decriminalization of marijuana.

13. Martin Caidin in "Cyborg" predicted bionic prostheses

In this 1972 novel former cosmonaut Steve Austin is involved in an accident that results in the loss of all but one of his limbs and blindness in one eye. A team of scientists transforms Austin into a cyborg: he gets new legs, a removable eye-camera, and a bionic arm. At the time of the book's release, the first successful transplant of a bionic prosthetic arm was 41 years away.

14. Douglas Adams predicted speech translation apps in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy

This book was published in 1971. Arthur Dent receives from his friend Ford Prefect - secret correspondent interstellar guide "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" - information that the Earth is about to be destroyed. The couple escapes by sneaking onto spaceship, and their strange journey through the universe begins. Along the way main character faces the universal speech translator, which now, 34 years later, has become a reality.

15. William Gibson predicted cyberspace and computer hackers in Neuromancer

This 1984 action-packed crime novel tells the story of a degraded hacker and cybercriminal who recovers and regains the ability to enter cyberspace. Not only was Neuromancer the first novel to win all three sci-fi awards (Hugo, Nebula, and the Philip K. Dick Award), and inspired the then Wachowski brothers to make The Matrix, it also predicted the advent of cyberspace. and computer hackers. published

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