How does society treat the poor?
Answers:
We should never look down on the poor because we don't know. what circumstances of life led a person to this, as far as possible, we should provide all possible assistance to them, especially when they ask for food - to refuse is simply a sin. We must be merciful, show love, not forgetting that this is also a Man, a creation of God! And society has always treated, and treats differently ... Who has kind heart and sympathy, he helps, and indifferent and hard-hearted people can simply not pay attention to such people, pass by without extending a helping hand. I just remembered Mother Teresa ... It would be great if more people were just like her! She voluntarily chose such a service to the poor, destitute and sick... And it is free of charge, as a token of great love for the Savior Jesus!
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I recently walked by Sophia Cathedral about my worldly affairs, and the girl called me.
- Give for the sake of Christ! She holds out her hand for alms. Young, beautiful, one of those about whom they say that you can plow on them, they say. I've met this girl before. She also asked me for alms near the Yuriev Monastery. I was surprised then. Well, when an old woman, or a legless disabled person, this is understandable. And here is a girl, young, beautiful, arms and legs in place ... And recently, on the pages of VN, a dispute also broke out on the topic of beggars. Who are they, how to treat them correctly, and how wrong for a worldly person, if it pleases Fate to bring him to the poor brethren.
First of all, I decided to interview different priests, from different religions. And Nikolai Kosenkov, an expert of the regional department for ensuring the activities of the governor's situational center, helped me in this, a person who is responsive and attentive to people. He helped me get in touch not only with the Orthodox priest, but also with the priest of the Old Believer Church, and even with the chairman of the Jewish community, who at the moment replaces the new rabbi and is just as literate in matters of religion. But there is no permanent Muslim mullah in our region, just as there is not a single mosque.
However, it is known that the ninth sura of the Qur'an is translated as: “Donations are intended for the poor and the poor, for those who collect and distribute them, and for those whose hearts they want to win, for the ransom of slaves, for debtors, for expenses in the way of Allah and for travelers. This is the command of Allah. Verily, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.” (As-Saadi) Only persons mentioned in a verse, a special verse of the Qur'an, are eligible for obligatory donations, who can be divided into eight categories.
The first two categories are the poor and the poor. Beggars are people who are completely deprived of their livelihood or earn less than half the living wage. The poor are considered to be people who earn half or more than half of the living wage, but are not able to fully provide for themselves.
The third category includes employees who are involved in the collection, storage, transportation or accounting of donations, as well as any other activity related to the collection and distribution of zakat. These employees are paid for doing their jobs.
The fourth category includes people whose hearts Muslims want to win. These may be elders or respected people who are obeyed by others.
The seventh category includes fighters who voluntarily fight in the way of Allah and do not belong to the fighters of the regular troops. From the funds of zakat, they are supposed to receive everything necessary for participation in hostilities.
There is an opinion that a poor Muslim is entitled to a donation from the zakat funds in order to perform the obligatory Hajj, but there is disagreement on this issue. The eighth category includes travelers who find themselves in a foreign country and do not have the means to return home. They are allowed to receive donations sufficient to enable them to return home (based on materials from the Crimean Youth Website).
I also managed to contact Maxim Ionov, the editor of the Rodnoverie magazine, which means that he is a person who understands Rodnoverie philosophy and ask him the same questions as everyone else.
And the answers were:
Saint Sophia Cathedral priest Alexander:
One must always look at the cause of begging. If it is caused by laziness, unwillingness to work, then christian religion such begging is condemned, and if this begging is caused by the desire not to be distracted from spiritual quests, from spiritual life, then it is worthy of encouragement.
To whom and how much to give, and whether it is necessary to give alms - this is up to the individual to decide.
Every Christian should help another Christian, and indeed any person.
Is it good to be rich?
Plato and Aristotle believed that immeasurable wealth corrupts if it does not serve good and lofty goals. Some Christian saints were sometimes forced to live on the means of rich people. Wealthy people were also surrounded by Christ. Therefore, wealth in itself is not evil. Especially if a person uses it for good purposes - helps those in need, builds hospitals, temples and other institutions, people need. But if a person is a slave to his wealth, it is bad.
Grigory Isaakovich Fainberg - chairman of the Jewish community:
How does your religion feel about beggars and begging?
In Judaism there is no such concept of "beggar", in Judaism there is the concept of "poor". The very word "beggar", in our opinion, humiliates human dignity.
Is it necessary to give alms, if so, how, when and how much?
Jews help those who need help. But just giving money on the street is considered humiliation. If a Jew wants to help such a person, he would rather quietly and imperceptibly put the money in an envelope in Mailbox or donate them to the development of a charitable canteen or other institution that deals with the problems of the poor.
Does your religion help people who have lost their footing?
Is it good to be rich?
It's good to be rich. But hoarding is certainly evil. And if a person worked well, then it’s not bad at all if he has money. Although the Jews have never encouraged ostentatious luxury. The humble lifestyle has always been respected.
Maxim Ionov, Chief Editor magazine "Rodnoverie":
How does your religion feel about beggars and begging?
Negative. But it matters how a person came to such a state, he is a beggar because he cannot work for physical reasons, or he does not want to, or is subject to bad habits etc. Having hands and land, a person cannot beg, the ancestors reasoned so. And the elderly and infirm need to be supported, this is the duty of the community.
Is it necessary to give alms, if so, how, when and how much?
Again, depending on who, at present it has become a business, but in theory, if there is a holiday, then everyone should share it, regardless of wealth. I can't say the exact amount. Optional.
Does your religion help people who have lost their footing?
We try to help, community, community, but to be honest, Rodnovers are people with a certain mentality, who advocate healthy lifestyle life, etc., people with a certain core of life. There are very few among us who have lost the ground under their feet. We help: we give the opportunity to earn money, you can’t just give money, it corrupts a person. Of course, we provide moral support.
Is it good to be rich?
It’s good to be rich, but the question always arises: what price did you pay for it and who did you become in life. Wealth should give you some freedom and the opportunity to help the people around you.
Here are the answers given by representatives of different religions. In some ways they converge, in some ways they differ. And how you consider this problem, decide, dear reader, on your own, based on your experience.
Page 1
Below the poor in the social hierarchy are the poor and the destitute. In Russia, poor, poor and exploited peasants were classified as poor. A poor economy is a peasant economy. Poverty was called extreme poverty. A beggar was a person who lived on alms, collecting alms. But not everyone living in absolute poverty should be called beggars. The poor live either on earnings or on pensions and benefits, but they do not beg. It is more correct to refer to the poor as that category of those living in poverty who earn their living by regular begging.
IN different societies the poor were treated differently. In some cases, they were included in the category of idlers, with whom they had to fight, and in others, beggars and beggars were surrounded by a halo of holiness. Attitudes towards the poor could change in the same country over the course of different eras. Beggars in Russia until 1917 were considered poor, that is, offended by society, but close to God. After the revolution of 1917, they began to be prosecuted by law for evading socially useful work. IN Europe XVI c., as long as the state did not take care of the well-being of a person, it was profitable to be considered poor. In the old days, a beggar who got into the house of a rich man was considered the messenger of God, if not Christ himself in exile. Among Russian peasants, giving alms to the poor was considered a cleansing from sins. In the 19th century one beggar could collect up to 5 pounds of baked bread per day. Selling it for 35 kopecks. for a pood, he helped out an amount sufficient to arrange a treat with vodka in a tavern. Accustomed to living well, the beggars did not agree to work even for high pay, citing illness and infirmity.
But feelings of respect and compassion gradually faded into the past. Incompetent idlers, dangerous for the state - such was the opinion of the society, frightened by the growing number of beggars and beggars. Measures were constantly taken against begging and vagrancy, the occupation of which was considered a crime. Tramps were arrested and beaten, a brand was burnt on their shaved head with a red-hot iron, which meant that for the second time they would be hanged on the spot without trial or exiled to the galleys. In some countries they were treated even more severely. In England, in 1547, Parliament approved a law on the transformation of vagabonds into slaves. For vagrants they built overnight houses and shelters, created relief funds, but how social category they never disappeared.
Along with poverty and poverty (sometimes referred to as deep poverty), deprivation is distinguished. Deprivation characterizes poverty that has arisen due to lack of access to material and cultural benefits for health reasons, in connection with large families, alcoholism, etc. They cannot lead a full-fledged lifestyle. Typically they are children, the disabled, the unemployed, pensioners, members of another race or nation, and the chronically poor. IN former USSR there were about 3 million children with mental or physical disabilities. The children of the poor do not receive parental care, and the situation is even worse at school, as teachers not only do not surround them with proper care, but strive to survive from school. Poverty is the main source of so-called disadvantaged children.
The underprivileged are usually chronically poor people living in such a state long time and those who lost hope of getting out of it. Therefore, we can consider that poverty is not only a minimum income, but special image and lifestyle, norms of behavior, stereotypes of perception and psychology passed from generation to generation. Children born to poor families do not have the benefits that come from wealthy families. They are missing out on a lot. The poor live in low-profile, overcrowded and criminogenic parts of the city, in uncomfortable dwellings, they eat worse than others, they attend bad schools, they drop out early and do not receive the necessary qualifications. As a result, they have worse starting conditions in life and are more likely to start their careers in unskilled and low-paid jobs. They do not form the qualities necessary for the correct perception of the surrounding reality. The perspective of the poor is shifted towards negative assessments of reality, pessimism and despair. Often they cannot build normal relationships in the family: increased tones during conversation, mutual reproaches, swearing and insults become commonplace.
§ 20. Poor
Poverty is economic and social condition lu
dey with a minimum amount of money, education, power and prestige. But poverty is also a cultural phenomenon.
Poverty is not only a minimum income, but a special way of life, norms of behavior, stereotypes of perception and psychology that are passed down from generation to generation. So sociologists talk about poverty as a special culture.
Depending on how high the level of economic development of the country is, poverty covers either a significant part of the population or a small one. In 1992, in the USA, 14% of the population were classified as poor, and in Russia, 80%. In other words, the majority of Russians in 1992, and then, after the crisis of August 17, 1998, found themselves at the very threshold of poverty or stepped over it.
The poverty line is the amount of money officially set
defined as the minimum income by which an individual or a family is able to satisfy only the bare necessities. It is also called the "poverty line". In Russia, he received an additional name live
exact minimum.
The living wage is a set of goods and services (expressed in prices real purchases), which allows a person to satisfy the minimum admissible, from a scientific point of view, needs.
Previously, humanity lived much worse and the number of poor people was higher. IN Ancient Greece 90% of the population by the standards of that time lived in poverty. In Renaissance England, about 60% of the population was considered poor. In the 19th century, poverty fell to 50%. In the 30s XIX years century, only a third of the British belonged to the poor, and after 50 years - only 15%. Thus, in the past, poverty was the lot of the majority, but today it is the lot of the minority.
In the USSR, the poor were a small minority. However, after the “shock therapy” of 1992 and the default of 1998, they turned out to be the majority of the population. When Russia gets stronger economically, the number of poor in it will decrease, and the size of the middle class will increase. And what will happen to the rich? There is a basis
Sociologists usually distinguished between absolute and relative poverty.
Under absolute poverty is understood as such a state in which an individual is not able to satisfy even the basic needs for food, housing, clothing, warmth, or is able to satisfy only the minimum needs that ensure biological survival on his income. The numerical criterion is the poverty threshold (living wage).
Under relative poverty is understood as the impossibility of maintaining a decent standard of living, or some standard accepted in a given society. Relative poverty refers to how poor you are compared to other people.
Even 40 years ago, a black-and-white TV in the USSR was considered a luxury item available to a few. In the 90s, a color TV appeared in every family, and black and white is considered a sign of modest prosperity, or relative poverty. Soon those who cannot afford to buy a computer or a Japanese television set will move into relative poverty.
Poverty is extreme poverty. A beggar was a person who lives on alms, collects alms, is able to satisfy only physical needs that ensure only biological survival. Beggars, even if they regularly earn a living by begging, do not provide any valuable service to society. Beggars are included in the so-called underclass, i.e. literally a non-class, or layer below all classes.
But not all who live in absolute poverty should be called beggars. The poor live either on earnings or on pensions and benefits, but they do not beg. It is more correct to refer to the poor as that category of those living in poverty who earn their living by regular begging.
In different societies, the poor were treated differently. In some cases, they were included in the category of idlers, with whom they had to fight, and in others, beggars and beggars were surrounded by a halo of holiness. Attitudes towards the poor could change in the same country over different eras.
IN Before 1917, beggars in Russia were considered miserable; offended by society, but close to God. After the revolution of 1917 they began to be prosecuted by law for avoiding socially useful work.
IN Europe in the 16th century, until the state took over
O human welfare, it was advantageous to be considered poor. In the old days, a beggar who knocked on the door of a rich man was considered a messenger of God. Among Russian peasants, giving alms to the poor was considered a cleansing from sins. In the 19th century, one beggar could collect up to 5 pounds of baked bread per day. Selling them for 35 kopecks. for a pood, he helped out an amount sufficient to arrange a treat with vodka in a tavern. Accustomed to living well, he would not even agree to work for high wages, citing illness and infirmity.
But the feeling of respect and compassion gradually faded into the past. Incompetent loafers, dangerous for the state - such was the opinion of society, frightened by the growing number of beggars and beggars. The state constantly tightened measures against begging and vagrancy, considering them a crime.
Tramps were arrested and beaten, a brand was burnt out on their shaved head with a red-hot iron, which meant that for the second time they would be hanged on the spot without trial or exiled to the galleys. But at the same time, lodging houses and shelters were built for vagrants, aid funds were created, but as a social category they never disappeared.
The poor are not an economically independent category, since they are unable to ensure the material well-being of the family without resorting to government assistance (subsidies, allowances, one-time payments). Although they lose their economic sovereignty, they do not lose their constitutional rights and social privileges that exist in society. True, they cannot exercise their rights in full. A full life does not exist for them. Formally, the poor have access to high-quality health care and education, but in reality they are denied access to them.
Material need affects children. Often they need to be distracted by part-time jobs, as a result of which they cannot learn well school curriculum. Poor families have few books, no library to help them broaden their horizons. Parents, as a rule, are poorly educated, unable to help their children in their studies. And education itself as a value in such families does not enjoy high authority. If there is chronic malnutrition or low-calorie nutrition in the family, aggravated by the alcoholism of the parents, then defective offspring are born.
In the US, the poor include following groups: unemployed, low-paid workers, recent immigrants, people who have moved from the countryside to the city, national minorities, vagrants and the homeless, people unable to work due to old age, disability or illness, incomplete families where the father is absent.
Previously, in the USSR, members of large families, disabled since childhood (due to injury or illness) were classified as poor, but today in Russia a part of the intelligentsia, the unemployed and villagers have been added to them.
Concepts: poverty, poverty line, poverty.
Questions and tasks
1. What do you understand by relative poverty and absolute poverty?
2. Tell about the way of life of poor people and beggars.
3. List the reasons for the poverty of people in modern Russia.
4. How does society treat the poor?
*5. The English economist T. Malthus considered: poverty is a consequence of excessive population growth. The poor are to blame for poverty. By helping them, the state encourages population growth and thereby increases poverty. State subsidies should be abolished and the care of the poor should be entrusted entirely to private charities. Do you agree with this opinion? Is the Malthus recipe suitable for Russia?
*6. There are two opposing views on poverty. Some believe: the more wealth and the rich, the deeper the poverty and the more poor. Others object: the more rich, the richer the population as a whole, and therefore, the less poor and needy. And what do you think? What arguments will you give in defense of your position?
*7. Some experts believe that people fall into poverty voluntarily: they are too lazy to work hard, do nothing to get to the top. Others think differently: poverty is a state into which a person falls against his will and desire, especially during periods of economic crises, destructive wars, major social transformations, and physical weakness. What is your opinion? Give
written answer,
■ Problem. Among sociologists of the 19th century there was such an exact
ka view: poverty is not only evil, but also good. She is a necessary element of strengthening social order because it purges society of the least fit. What is your point of view?
P ractice: In rich countries, the poverty line is higher than in poor countries. Therefore, we can expect that more people will be below the poverty line. But in rich countries, the standard of living of the population is higher than in poor ones.
Where do you think there are more poor people - in rich or in poor countries?
§ 21. Ethnos: nations and nationalities
ETHNOS (from the Greek ethnos - tribe, people) - a collective name for large consanguineous groups of people that form a tribe, nationality or nation.
When we talk about ethnic groups, we immediately invade a border area that lies at the intersection of the social and biological spheres. Ethnos - in a broad sense, nationality or lineage - combines both biological and social properties. They predetermine the whole variety of types of people. Leading among them are social factors. Black skin or narrow eyes, small stature or a white complexion is the biological reaction of the human body to a hot or cold climate, strong winds, lack of sunlight, etc. Geographical isolation, rugged terrain, river lowlands, etc. were reflected in the way of life, views, language, habits and traditions, culture of those consanguineous communities that densely lived in the area. They determined the nature and originality of these communities - ethnic groups.
Among other things, man differs from his fellows in the animal world by the fact that only he knows his ancestors; those. only people have an intergenerational connection, transmitted not biologically, but socially, there is a family, clan and clan, of which, as from primary matter, a tribe is formed - the most early form ethnos.
Family - the smallest consanguineous group of people connected by the unity of origin (grandmother, grandfather, father, mother, children). Several families that have entered into an alliance form a clan. The clans united into clans, which bore the name of the alleged ancestor. The clan retained common ownership of the land, blood feud, mutual responsibility. Several clans united to form a tribe.
So, ethnic groups exist as stable intergenerational communities of people. Now we have two signs of ethnicity - blood ties and intergenerational community. The first is entirely biological, the second is already with a serious admixture social factors. But we also talked about the fact that this nose is a borderline category, with a dual nature - bi
logical and social. In contrast, classes, estates and professions are purely historical and social groups. If you can choose a profession voluntarily, then you do not choose nationality. You inherit it from your parents. If parents different nationalities, then the child has the right to choose one or another nationality (for Russians, as a rule, on the father's side, for Jews - on the mother's side). Hence, nationality is a mixed status.
People are united into a single ethnic organism, let's say a nation, not only ancient origin from common ancestor, but also common historical destiny common traditions, culture, features of life, language and territory.
Language - hallmark ethnos. Usually one floor nose - one tongue. However, it is not uncommon for several peoples to speak the same language. For example, almost all the peoples of Latin America speak Spanish, although these are different peoples: Chileans, Argentines, Mexicans, etc. Exactly the same on English language not only the British speak, but also Anglo-Canadians, and Americans, and Australians, and some other peoples.
Ethnic groups form mutual language. Over time, it is enriched with new words, expanded, modified, but the essence remains the same.
Another distinguishing feature of an ethnos is a certain territory. It, like a language, can expand, be updated when ethnic groups move to new places or develop new lands. Most ethnic groups live compactly in a certain territory, the name of which, by the way, often coincides with the name of the ethnic group. So, the French live in France, the Spaniards - in Spain, the British - in England.
The connection between ethnos, language and territory is very close. Indeed, what are the small nations fighting for? For their territory, i.e. the land of their ancestors, and for their language, which these ancestors spoke. Often they fight not for life, but for death.
Ethnic groups are also united by customs, traditions, peculiarities of culture and way of life. Each nation has only its inherent rituals, rituals that distinguish it from other people.
For some ethnic groups, long-term residence in one territory leaves an indelible imprint on the worldviewer.
nie, way of life, economic structure, manner of communication. By the way, most of these peoples. Some spend almost their entire lives wandering around the globe. For example, gypsies. Communicating with the most different nations, they, nevertheless, retained their identity, and they are easy to distinguish from other ethnic groups.
An equally important role is played by another sign of common - ethnicity, or national identity. You have to feel your belonging to one's people and its historical destiny, only then will you preserve its traditions and values in yourself. Gypsies, wherever they wandered, carried their traditions with them. Russian Old Believers, once abroad, also sacredly keep the features of their way of life and culture. Ethnic consciousness is spiritual identification of a person with his people.
Spiritual identification is stronger than territorial or linguistic. Those same Russians who settled 30-50 years ago in France or America, having almost forgotten their language, often proudly call themselves Russians. They remained Russian by blood and spirit. They feel a spiritual kinship with a great nation, although decades have passed. But they themselves were the spiritual leaders of the nation, feeling a historical and cultural responsibility for it. It's about, of course, about the Russian nobility and intelligentsia.
The situation is more complicated with Russian emigrants. last decade. Some are easily assimilated, others easily experience acute nostalgia for Russia. But many of them have the opportunity to freely visit their historical homeland.
If a person treats his people with disdain or arrogance, know that spiritually he is not with them. In a spiritual sense, he has already lost his homeland, although he lives territorially in Russia and speaks his native language.
Thus, in order for a particular group of people to be considered an ethnic group, the following conditions must be met:
- consanguinity - the unity of origin from a common ancestor;
- stable intergenerational continuity;
- the unity of the territory;
Unity of language;
- common historical destiny;
- common culture and traditions;
- general self-awareness.
These signs would be more correctly called ethnic factors.
peoples, due to various reasons, move across the territory of the Earth, sometimes acquire new home far from their origins.
One nation can live either in its biological (genetic) homeland, i.e. where it was formed as a single ethnic group ( country of origin), or in another country, where he later migrated entirely, having already formed into a single community, and which became his second homeland, i.e. historical home, or where only part of it migrated. We will be interested in the last two cases.
Migration, or resettlement from one's historical homeland, served as the basis for the formation, for example, of the modern Bulgarian ethnos. Today almost 8 million people who call themselves Bulgarians live in Bulgaria. But many centuries ago they were called Bulgars and constituted Turkic-speaking tribes that roamed in the Azov region in the 7th century, from where they were forced out by another Turkic-speaking tribe - the Khazars.
The nomadic Bulgarian horde broke up into several streams, one of them reached the territory of modern Bulgaria beyond the Danube. lived there Slavic tribes who moved across the Danube in the 6th century. The Turkic-speaking Bulgarians conquered the rear of the Nai Slavs and formed a Slavic-Turkic state, headed by Khan Asparuh. As a result of the interaction of two ethnic groups Turkic aliens adopted the Slavs
Bulgarian language, the now Slavic Bulgarian language began to form, which formed the basis of the modern Bulgarian. The Turkic-speaking ethnos became the Slavic ethnos.
Another part of the split people moved to the Volga-Kama interfluve, where another Bulgaria (Bulgaria) arose - the Volga-Kama (the territory of modern Tatarstan). Here the nomadic Bulgars merged with the local agricultural Finno-Ugric tribes, moved to settled way life and played a significant role in the formation modern Tatars, Chuvash, Bashkirs and other Volga peoples. In X -XIV centuries they created a powerful state - the strongest in the Middle and Lower Volga. It traded with the Arab Caliphate, Byzantium, Eastern Slavs. Bulgaria even competed with the Old Russian state, but, like the latter, was conquered by the Mongols-Tatars. Back in the 10th century, the young state became dependent on the powerful Khazar Khaganate. To strengthen his position, the Bulgarian king Almas turned to the Arab Caliphate for support, as a result of which Bulgaria adopted Islam as the state religion.
The adoption of Islam contributed to the familiarization of Bulgaria with culture Muslim world. The ancient Turkic runic script was replaced by Arabic, elementary schools were opened
And madrasah. archaeological finds household items with inscriptions testify to the wide spread of literacy among the Bulgar population. Bulgaria has its own scientists: lawyers, theologians, physicians, historians, astronomers. IN XIV-XV centuries, as the Golden Horde weakened, the military pressure of Russia intensified. The Russians occupy the Bulgarian throne and subordinate it to Moscow. Independence was preserved only by the northern territories, where a new state was formed - the Kazan Khanate and a new ethnic group - the Kazan Tatars. Such is the historical fate of the once united ethnic group, one half of which has turned into a conductor
And defender of Orthodoxy (it was in European Bulgaria that the Slavic writing Cyril and Methodius), and the other - as a conductor of Islam on the territory of the Slavic state of Russia.
Many have seen people begging near the subway, on the corner of the store...What is it- profitable business or last hope for help? Do you serve these people?
A woman of indeterminate age is sitting in the underpass near the metro station. She can be given on the move and thirty, and twenty-three, and forty-two. The woman's hair is tangled and dirty, her head bowed in sorrow. In front of the woman, on the spit-stained floor of the passage, lies a bag. Compassionate citizens throw money into a bag. And they wouldn’t quit, but in her arms the woman holds a weighty “argument” in favor of the fact that she simply needs money. A two-year-old child sleeps in a woman's arms. He is in a dirty cap that was once white, in a tracksuit. Transit is a busy place. And the crowd of people flows in an endless stream, and a trifle rings in a bag, and banknotes rustle.
I walked past the woman for about a month. I guessed to whom the money donated by numerous passers-by goes. So much has been said, so much has been written, but our people are so compassionate. Pitiful, to the point of tears. Our people are ready to give away their last shirt, to shake the last penny out of their pockets. Served to such an "unfortunate" - and you feel that you are still not so bad. Helped, it seems. Did a good job...
I walked past the beggar for a month. I didn’t give it, because I didn’t want some scoundrel to buy one brick for himself with my money, and insert it into the wall of his new house-palace. Let there be a hole in his wall, this scoundrel. There will be no brick from me. But, judging by the way the beggar was served, her owner already had several palaces.
Well, a beggar gets something, of course. A bottle of vodka for the evening, yes shawarma. The owners of such "points" of begging have a lot, but they are greedy. And cruelty. That is what their super profitable business is based on. Money and fear. None of those who put a coin into a bag knows that it is impossible to “stand” in place near the Vladimir Cathedral, and walking along the subway cars with a dull, viscous “sorry that I am addressing you” costs from $ 20 a day. Or does he know? In this case, he knows, but submits?
None of the good people who donate to the "Madonna and Child" think about one more question. Above one inconsistency, literally conspicuous. After a month of walking past a beggar, I was suddenly struck with an electric shock, and, stopping in a crowded passage, I stared at a kid dressed in an invariably dirty tracksuit. I realized what exactly seemed “wrong” to me, if you can call it “right” the very presence of a child in a dirty underground passage from morning to evening. The child was sleeping. No sob, no scream. He slept with his face buried in the knee of the one who seemed to be his mother. The beggar looked up at me. Our eyes met. I bet she understood what I understood...
Which of you, dear readers, have children? Remember how often they slept at the age of 1-2-3 years? One, two, maximum three (not in a row) daytime sleep, and again - movement. During the entire month of my everyday walking along the transition, I NEVER saw a child awake! I looked at little man, buried in the knee of "mother", and my terrible suspicion gradually formed into a firm confidence.
- Why does he sleep all the time? I asked, staring at the child.
The beggar pretended not to hear. She lowered her eyes and wrapped herself in the collar of her frayed jacket. I repeated the question. The woman looked up again. She looked somewhere behind me. In her eyes, one could clearly read tired irritation mixed with complete detachment. This is the first time I've seen such a look. View of a creature from another planet.
- Went to ... - she said with her lips.
- Why is he sleeping? I almost screamed...
Behind me, someone put a hand on my shoulder. I looked back. man with typical face a worker from a nearby factory frowned disapprovingly with gray eyebrows:
- What did you do to her? You see - and so her life ... Eh ... Here, daughter, - the man shook out coins from his huge five.
The beggar crossed herself, depicting humility and universal sorrow on her face. The man removed his hand from my shoulder, wandered to the exit from the passage. At home, he will tell how he defended an oppressed, unfortunate, destitute woman from a scoundrel in an expensive sheepskin coat.
The policeman who came up to me in the transition the next day, expressed himself almost the same as his "ward" beggar. And I got an exhaustive answer to my question:
- Went to…
And the baby was sleeping...
I called a friend. This is a cheerful and laughing man with olive eyes. He finished three classes with grief in half, and reads with difficulty. The complete lack of education does not prevent him from moving around the city streets in very expensive foreign cars and living in a house with countless windows, turrets and balconies. The acquaintance was very surprised by my confidence that all such business, without exception, is controlled by representatives of his nationality. I found out that both Moldovans and Ukrainians “hold” beggars in Kyiv. Moreover, the former specialize mainly in "war invalids". We often see them at crossings and traffic lights, scurrying literally under the wheels of cars. Imaginary Afghans also "work" in the subway.
All sorts of "sick", lame and "who came to do an operation" are managed with equal success by both Ukrainians and gypsies. This business, despite the seeming spontaneity, is clearly organized. Supervised begging organized criminal gangs, and the money thrown by half-impoverished passers-by into the bag of the “dispossessed disabled person” goes “upstairs”. Moreover, so “up” that, if a compassionate passer-by had found out about this, he would have fainted from surprise. Children are "rented" from families of alcoholics, or simply stolen. But that's all that is said, flowers.
I needed to get an answer to the question - why is the child sleeping? And I got it. Moreover, my gypsy friend uttered a phrase that shocked me, quite ordinary, in a calm voice. As he said about the weather:
- Or under heroin, or under vodka ...
I was dumbfounded. “Who is on heroin? Who is under vodka?!”
- Child. So as not to shout, not to interfere. She can sit with him all day, can you imagine how he can get bored?
In order for the child to sleep all day, he is pumped with vodka. Or drugs. It goes without saying that children's body unable to deal with such a shock. And children often die. The worst thing is that sometimes they die during the day, in the middle of the “working day”. And the imaginary mother must sit out with dead child on hand until the evening. Those are the rules. And passers-by pass by, and throw a trifle into a bag, and consider that they are acting nobly. Helping single mothers...
... The next day I was standing in the underpass near the metro station L. The policeman, who answered me yesterday with a curse, was not visible. I stocked up on a journalistic ID, and was ready for a serious conversation. But the conversation didn't work. And the following happened...
The woman had ANOTHER child in her arms. The beggar simply ignored my questions with a detached face. I was interested in documents for a child, and, most importantly, where is yesterday's baby?
The beggar ignored the questions, but they were not ignored by the merchants who stood nearby. From the woman selling panties, I learned that I should, to put it mildly, get out of the passage. Her indignant neighbors in the craft joined the exclamations of the tradeswoman. Behind them are elderly passers-by. In general, I was expelled from the transition in disgrace. There was only one thing left - to call 02 or look for a police patrol. But the police found me on their own. The sergeant, who loves to send to ..., came up to me and asked for my documents. I provided the documents and expressed my opinion about the presence of a woman with a child in the passage. The sergeant agreed with me, and ... went to call someone. I stood in front of the crossing, with the full feeling that I was trying to fight windmills. A few minutes later, there were no more merchants or a beggar with a sleeping child in the passage ...
When you see women with children begging on the subway or on the street, think before your hand reaches for money. Think about the fact that without yours and hundreds of thousands of alms, this business would die. The business would die, not the children pumped up with vodka or drugs. Do not look at a sleeping child with tenderness. Watch with horror. For you, who have read this article, now know why the child is sleeping ...
