For a long time, generic nicknames and names have been used to emphasize a person's belonging to his family. Previously, it could mean professional activity, character traits appearance or personality of its owner. That's whyfind out the history of the origin of the surnamefor researchers means to discover many interesting and important information its bearers. Who they were, what they did and where they lived - all this information can be hidden and encrypted in the name of your family.
If before nicknames were used for practical purposes and could be forgotten over time or changed due to circumstances, then the surname in modern understanding has a completely different meaning. It is directly related to the genealogy, the history of the family and the continuity of generations. Unfortunately, we often take it for granted. We have been wearing it since childhood, without thinking about what secrets of the family are hidden in it. It is rarely considered as a reason for pride, since now everyone receives it from birth. But before it was the privilege of only noble persons and noble families. It was a kind of reflection of the superiority of the nobility and the unity of family members.
Pay tribute to your ancestors, honor their memory, strengthen kinship and family bonds possible even today. It just takes a little effort and find outhow to find out the history of your family by last name. Online services for freeoffer access to archives containing large lists of detailed description the supposed place, cause and approximate time of origin, up to the indication of the century. You can use them, or turn to specialists who will help you calculate your roots, tell you why the genus was named that way, and even make a family tree.
If you have enough patience and enthusiasm, try to find out the meaning of your last name yourself. How to do this, you will learn from our article, where we have collected a variety of helpful tips about this theme.
How to find out the origin of your last name: freeexcursion into history
To begin with, let's remember how the nicknames of our ancestors were formed in Ancient Rus'. We call them by nicknames, since it is impossible to attribute them to the modern definition of a surname. They were given to make it easier to recognize a person or contact him, changed over time. As for the forced peasants, in general, the change of their generic name could change at the whim of the master. The owners especially liked to have fun, coming up with offensive and offensive nicknames. For example, nee Ignatov (after the name of the ancestor), became Shcherbakov (by external sign - the absence of front teeth).
Find out the meaning of your last nameconnected with the ancient roots themselves, the easiest way is for those whose ancestors lived in the region of Veliky Novgorod. Chronicles dating back to about the 13th century indicate that it was there that the very first generic nicknames originated. In the ancient archives there are references to Novgorodians who died in the Battle of the Neva.
They appeared among princes and boyars in the 14th century. The loudest and most famous of them were worn by representatives of influential and ruling dynasties: Shuisky, Nevsky, Donskoy. A little later, the nobles also appeared borrowed from foreign languages: Fonvizin, Yusupov, Karamzin.
However, ordinary not eminent and not noble people so they stayed with the nicknames. Even the reforms of Peter the Great could not put things in order with the peasant families. So, it was he who introduced the word, it comes from the Latin familia - family, into use. Conducted censuses of the population, including the peasant population - the so-called "revisions". Of course, it would be much more convenient for the emperor if each clan had a permanent name, passed down by inheritance, but this was still a long way off. The absence of a permanent surname indicated the low origin of a person and remained a stigma among the general population for almost the entire existence Russian Empire.
Remember the works of Russian classics. There are never indications and information about the names of serfs. Take for example " Dead Souls» Gogol. There the peasants were listed by nicknames.
Naturally, the names for the families were not taken from nowhere. They were assigned according to certain characteristics. If now we do not think about the roots and meaning, then earlier the generic nickname made sense. Sohow to find and learn the history of the origin of your last name - freeway to find out interesting details the lives of your ancestors, we invite you to study the most common options in Rus', which are still found in a modified, and sometimes even in their original form:
- By analogy with animals: Lisitsyn, Medvedev, Khomyakov, Volkov, Kobylkin.
- By occupation: Stolyarov, Kuznetsov, Rybakov, Streltsov.
- By place of residence or geographical names: Belozersky, Kareltsev, Sibiryak, Vyazemsky, Donskoy, Bryantsev.
- By the names of the ancestors: Fedotov, Ivanov, Fedorov.
- By the name of the religious holidays during which the child was born: Preobrazhensky, Assumption, Annunciation.
- According to household items that a person used in his work: Shilov, Spitsyn, Molotov.
- By outward signs: Ryzhov, Krivtsov, Krivoshein, Sleptsov, Nosov, Belousov, Sedov.
- By home nicknames: Malyshev - baby, Menshikov - youngest child in the house.
- By nationality: Tatarinov, Ordyntsev (from the word "horde"), Nemchinov.
As you can see, having determined the origin of your surname, you can find out about the profession of your ancestors, what they did, who they were or where they were born. If you are the Tolmachevs, then there were once translators in your family. The distant ancestors of Muromov could have been born or lived in the city of Murom, and the Pobezhimovs probably had an escape. These data may be useful to you in compiling your family's pedigree.
Very interesting phenomenon are the so-called seminary families. They arose much later, in the 17th century among the representatives of the clergy. among the people they were also called "priests", as they were worn mainly by clergymen. They were created artificially, the priests explained this by the fact that they want to be closer to the people. They were specially made harmonious, beautiful, which emphasized the special status of the wearer. They are formed mainly with the help of suffixes sky / -sky. Here are some of them:
- Akvilev
- Blagonadezhin
- Vetrinsky
- Bethlehem
- Damascus
- Demosthenov
- Euclidean
- Zlatoumov
- Kristallevsky
Their origin is based mainly on Latin words. Also there are names of birds, animals and plants, names of philosophers, priests and saints. Often they are also transliterations of Russian names from Latin. Such surnames sound somewhat unnatural for our language and it is almost impossible to meet them today. However, if instead of the usual Russian suffixes ov/-ev, in/-yn you have sky/-tsky, then most likely your ancestors belonged to the clergy.
Where to find out the history of the family: we determine the profession of ancestors by last name
When compiling a family tree, it is very important to know what your distant relatives did many centuries ago. Perhaps they did something very important for the state: they were war heroes, they saved people, they were engaged in art. This can be an impetus in a future career and definition life path for yourself. Inspired by the deeds of the ancestors, it is much easier to find and understand your destiny. How to do it? Access to old archives, historical documents and chronicles is not accessible to everyone. On the Internet, the possibilities are also limited, since the resources offering to find out the history of a kind by last name for free online do not have a complete list of the necessary information. In addition, it is not always reliable and there is no way to verify the data.
The best thing to do is to do it yourself. Listen to your last name, break it down into its component parts (prefix, root, suffix) and think about what word or phrase it came from. Here are the names of the representatives different professions and estates in Rus':
Merchants
Merchants have always been a privileged class, enjoyed honor and respect. Therefore, much earlier than ordinary people, they were awarded the right to bear surnames. Initially, this opportunity was provided only to influential and noble merchants of the higher guilds. The most famous of them:
- Bakhrushins
- Mammoth
- Schukins
- Ryabushinsky
- Demidovs
- Tretyakovs
- Eliseevs
- Soltadenkovs
nobles
The etymology of this word means that this is a certain person who is at the princely or royal court. Members of the estate passed on their status by inheritance from generation to generation, and with it the surname of their ancestors.
- Ancient nobility who received the title in the period before the second half of XVII century: Scriabins, Eropkins.
- Nobles with the title of count, baron, prince, listed in genealogical books: Urusovs, Alabyshevs.
- Foreign nobility: in the surnames there are foreign elements "de", "fon", "von dem".
Clergy
For clergy, surnames were most often used denoting the parish in which the priest worked: Uspensky, Voznesensky, Rozhdestvensky. Those who graduated from the seminary were assigned fictitious ones. The euphony depended on how diligent the student was. For example, someone who demonstrated outstanding academic achievement was given the surname of Diamonds.
Service people
Those who were on public service, also enjoyed a special position and privileges from the sovereign. This is especially influenced by the fact that the noble rank could be obtained in the service. The emergence of such surnames is attributed to the XVII - XVIII. They usually reflected the location of the employee or territory. important battles and battles. These include:
- Kazantsev
- Bryantsev
- Moskovkin
- Karelians
Peasants
This estate officially received surnames only after the revolution and the overthrow of the monarchy in the Russian Empire, although many rulers of the state made attempts to restore order with their nicknames. The surnames of the serfs emphasized their low social status most often associated with crafts and physical labor, as well as household equipment that was used for this:
- Melnikov
- Chomutov
- Sokhin
- Bochkarev
- Goncharov
- Pivovarov
- Cabbers
- Karetin
- Basement
- Nebogatikov
- Bosyakov
If you found your last name on this list, then it will be easier for you to understand what kind of activity your ancestors had. So, you have found the answer to one of the mysteries of your family tree.
How to find and determine the origin of your last name yourself
If you are interested in in-depth independent searches and set up for a serious investigation, then you can make significant progress in the study of your ancestry. Here are some tips to help you with this:
Learn more about genealogy
Very often, reading books and studying resources on this topic becomes a source of inspiration for one's own research. Devote a few days to this, and then your work will become more orderly and conscious.
Purchase the necessary materials
It's hard to keep all the information in your head. To make it more convenient for you to draw diagrams and record data, stock up on notebooks and folders. You can even make a large table on a sheet of drawing paper indicating all the names of your close and distant relatives.
Dig up the family archives
At home, you probably have old documents stored: passports, birth certificates, certificates, extracts.
Connect relatives to work
Ask your parents, grandparents, what surnames were in your family. It is especially important for women to know them maiden names that they wore before marriage.
Acquaintance with the history of a kind - great opportunity come together and feel the unity of family members.
« Never call a spade a spade if you don't know their last names.».
Stanislav Jerzy Lec
What is the meaning of surnames
The value of a person's surname is difficult to overestimate. From the moment the child crosses the threshold of the school, he ceases to be just Petya, Natasha or Dima, but also becomes Zaitsev, Romanova, Belov. With this important "increase" it is as if our growing up begins. With the exception of close relatives, friends and acquaintances, we distinguish people primarily by their surnames. The surname helps to make the first impression of a person - for example, with highly likely hits suggest his nationality. Knowing what a surname means, you can learn a lot about an ancestor, an ancestor. Where did he live, what did he do, was he tall or small, noisy or quiet. The roots of surnames lie in the personal names or nicknames of people, their professions, the names of places that existed at the time when surnames began to form. On the territory of Russia, this process became widespread in the 16th century, and was fully completed only at the beginning of the 20th century.
What does your last name mean?
Interestingly, the interpretation of surnames very often becomes complete surprise for their owners. So, sonorous, similar to an artistic pseudonym, the names of Emeralds and Tulips were given not to a jeweler and gardener, but, most likely, to students of a church school or seminary. Surnames with a meaning associated with the names of animals and birds, as a rule, are among the most ancient. They were formed in those days when, along with personal names, there were also nicknames - Crow, Bear, Pig. Many surnames come from nicknames-amulets that drive away evil spirits. Fool parents often called their child with the hope that he will grow up smart, Anger - kind. So, the ancestors of the Durakovs were not at all fools, and the Zlobins were gloomy and embittered. By the way, famous surname Nekrasov also originates from the nickname Nekras, that is, the expectation that the child will grow up handsome, handsome. So, you should not be complex because of the "dissonant" surnames, all the more so to form a negative opinion about the owners on them.
Of course, it is not always possible to determine with absolute certainty what meaning of the surname was originally true. Some surnames were born from distorted foreign borrowings, others from words that you can no longer find in modern dictionaries. However, interest in one's surname makes one learn more about one's ancestors, which means touching the history of one's family.
Surname Numerology
Finally, the numerological analysis of the surname can tell about a certain general mood of the family, hereditary abilities, potential "family" opportunities for success or failure, about the methods of communication with the outside world developed by the generations of one "dynasty". Each representative of the surname at the same time strengthens it with its own energy and receives support from it. It is no coincidence that people's fate changes dramatically when they change their surname.
Free online last name analysis will help you get closer to the secrets that you may not have suspected.
The meaning of surnames by nationality
Below is a list of nationalities, by going to the pages of which you can find out some details and the meaning of the surname, depending on the country in which they appeared.
VISHNITSKY - VISHNIK - CHERRY GARDEN
I was a reader and subscriber of the journal "Science and Life" back in Soviet times. Now I have the opportunity to read the electronic version of my favorite magazine, which I do with pleasure. And now the question. Where did my last name come from? I've read a lot, but I haven't seen anything about her anywhere. Is it related to the surname Vishnevsky?
V. Vishnitsky (Sumy, Ukraine).
Surname Vishnitsky derived from Ukrainian word vishnik - The Cherry Orchard . Nickname Vishnik could get a person whose garden was especially large and good. The descendants of such a person are called Vishnitsky. When word formation consonants To And c alternate.
Surname Vishnevsky derived from a geographical name. There are many places in Ukraine, from the names of which this surname could have come out: Vishnev, Cherry , Cherry , Vishnevka , Vyshnevets , Vishnevo, Cherry .
PRILUTSKY - FROM THE VILLAGE OF PRILUKY
I have long wanted to ask you to explain the meaning and origin of our surname. Ancestors lived in the city of Rivne, which is located in the north-west of Ukraine. Perhaps the surname comes from the name of the city of Lutsk, adjacent to the Rivne region? Often our surname is mistakenly written with an "and": Prilutsky.
I also ask Dr. philological sciences Superanskaya to explain the origin of the names of our relatives: Dubina, Savochenko (the surname Savchenko is more common) and Temchenko.
Regular subscriber and problem solver of the sections "Mathematical Leisure" and "Psychological Practice" I. Prelutsky (St. Petersburg).
Surnames on -sky/-sky most often formed from geographical names. In Brest, Grodno, Minsk, Chernihiv, as well as Arkhangelsk, Vologda and a number of other regions settlements with the title Pryluky where the surname comes from Prilutsky. There is a village in the Novgorod region Pereluchi, in Pskov - pereluchye. From these names, the surname would be Perelutsky . Similar titles - Priluka, Pryluky(in Polish pronunciation Pshiluka, Pshiluki) is found in Poland. The surname is also derived from them. Prilutsky(in Polish pronunciation Pshilutsky). But along with this, the Poles fix the spelling variant Prelutsky. Perhaps somewhere there was such a "literate" clerk who believed that one should write through e, not through And.
Surname cudgel with emphasis on And repeats the old Russian nickname without any changes. Compare common surname Dubinin derived from nickname cudgel.
Surname Savochenko comes from one of the Ukrainian colloquial forms of the church name Sava (Savva) - Savochko. Ukrainian dictionary notes the emphasis Savo "chenko.
Surname Temchenko formed from one of the colloquial variants of the church name Timothy. The Ukrainian dictionary notes a rare form of this name Temokhfey, whence the abbreviated forms Subject, Temka and last name Temchenko.
Forms with e instead of And also noted among the Poles. Short form Temo entered the documents in 1242, the surname was later attested Temkovich, confirming the presence of an option Temko, from which the surname could also be formed Temchenko during the resettlement of the so-called person to Ukraine.
UTYUMOV - ON BEHALF OF USTIN
In the magazine I really like the column "Origin of names and surnames". Therefore, I decided to turn to Mrs. Superanskaya: I would like to know about the origin of the surnames Shanchurov (there is also the surname Shanshurov in our city) and Utyumov (we have a whole village with such a surname).
L. Utyumova (Revda, Sverdlovsk region).
Surnames Shanchurov , Shanshurov surnames are not found in any dictionary. There are similar surnames - Shamshurov. They are associated with the verb to shamble- to whisper shamble- mumble, slur, speak with a word shamshura- burry. But I don't think any explanation fits your last name.
According to my information, the surnames you are interested in are formed from folk colloquial forms of personal names: Shanchurov And Shanshurov- on behalf of Alexander through options Sanya - Sancha - Sanchur - Shanchur - Shanshur. Utyumov- on behalf of Ustin through options Ustim - Ustyum - Utyum.
DEMESHKO - ON BEHALF OF DEMENTY
I am a regular reader of your magazine. From each issue I learn something new, useful, interesting. I wish to continue to see the magazine the same. I also appeal to the doctor of philological sciences A. Superanskaya with a request to tell about the origin of the surname Demeshko. We have half a village with such a surname, but we are not relatives. We live in the Pskov region, Pustoshkinsky district, not far from the border with Belarus and Latvia. I read in Rodina magazine that some Mieszko I baptized Poland into Catholics. Meshko is a given name, a surname? And nowhere else did I see the name Demeshko in books. Once I met a man with the surname Lemeshko.
L. Demeshko (village Sipkino, Pskov region).
Surname Demeshko formed from Orthodox name Dementy(church form Dometius), shortened form - Demes, Demesha. Demeshko - diminutive form this name. She means that Demeshko- the son of a man named Dementy (Demes). Having become surnames, such names did not need to be decorated with special family suffixes.
The same goes for last name. Lemeshko- on behalf of Klementy(modern Russian church form Clement) via option Klemesh - Lemesh - Lemeshko - Mieszko. The latter form can also be a diminutive of Bartholomew- through Varfolomeshko- Meshko, from Eumenius- through Evmeshko or from Michael- through Mishko - Mieszko.
From birth, a person is given a name, and the surname, as a rule, is inherited from the parents. First of all, by last name you can determine nationality a person, and sometimes the occupation of his distant ancestors, if, of course, it is good to know the language of a particular people. IN modern world almost all people have surnames, exceptions can be made only by tribes in which communal-tribal relations have been preserved.
What is a surname? In big explanatory dictionary In the modern Russian language Ushakov, the following definition is given: a surname (Latin Familia - family, relatives) is a hereditary family name added to a personal name and passing from father (or mother) to children, as well as from husband to wife. And in the newspaper Amazing near"The following definition is given: the word" surname "in Russia appeared only in the 19th century. Translated from several European languages this word means "family". Indeed, a surname can tell a lot about the history of a particular family. The science of onomastics is engaged in the study of surnames. There is an opinion that surnames appeared in the era of Peter I, but experts believe that this is not entirely true. Surnames were widespread in Rus' already in the 15th century. At that distant time, they meant much more than in the modern world, as they were used not just to refer to a person, but determined his status in society. As a rule, surnames were formed either from the name of the head of the family, or from the name of the profession, which was passed down in the family from generation to generation. The word surname itself entered the Russian language relatively late. It comes from Latin word family names. In Russian, we sometimes use this word with the same meaning: family heirlooms, heirlooms, family silver, that is, have long been in the possession of this family. The expression "do not dishonor our surname" means not only the family, but also family name. But the main meaning of the word surname is to designate a special family name, which is called the whole family. This word has taken root in Russia in everyday life after the decree of Peter I. However, surnames as an element of naming Russian people existed before, but they were called nicknames, nicknames. In the same sense, the word "name" was sometimes used. In the royal decrees on the conduct of population censuses, it was usually stated that all people living in such and such localities should be recorded “by name, from fathers and from nicknames,” that is, by name, patronymic and surname.
Various community groups official surnames appeared at different times.
Representatives of the nobility were the first to receive surnames: princes, boyars (in the XIV - XV centuries). Their surnames often reflected the names of their patrimonial estates: Tver, Meshchersky, Zvenigorodsky, Vyazemsky, Kolomensky, etc. These surnames were formed according to the “common Slavic model with the suffix - sk. Similar formations can be found among other Slavs (cf. Czech Comenius, Polish Zapototsky, etc.).
Somewhat later, the names of the nobles (XVI - XVIII centuries) are formed. Among them, a large proportion are naming oriental origin, since many nobles arrived at the service of the Moscow sovereign from foreign lands: Kantemir from Turkic. Khan - Temir (temir - iron), Khanykov from Turkic. Kanyko (kan - educator, teacher, ko - son, that is, the son of a teacher), Kurakin from the nickname Kuraka (from the Turkic. Kurak - dry, skinny), etc.
There was another category noble families such as Durnovo, Khitrovo, Mertvago, Chernago (XVII - XVIII centuries). These surnames are formed from words that have an unseemly meaning (cf. Plokhovo, Nedobrovo). In order to somehow limit them from common nouns consonant with them, the stress in surnames on - ovo was placed at the end: Sukhovo, Plokhovo, and in surnames on - it - on the penultimate syllable: Parenago. Burago, Redhead.
Chronologically, the next category of surnames belonged to merchants and service people (XVII - XIX centuries). In it, as well as in princely names, geographical names were reflected, but not as names of objects that were in their possession, but as designations of places where these people themselves came from: Tambovtsev, Rostovtsev, Bryantsev, Astrakhantsev, Moskvichev, Vologzhaninov and others. The suffixes of this category are different than in the surnames of princes, it is easy to restore the designation of residents of certain places from these surnames: Rostovtsev is a resident of Rostov, Moskvichev is a resident of Moscow.
In the 19th century, the names of the Russian clergy were formed. Among them are many artificially formed from various words not only in Russian, but also in Church Slavonic, Latin, Greek and other languages. A significant group is represented by surnames formed from the names of churches and church holidays: Uspensky, Bogoyavlensky, Rozhdestvensky. A number of surnames are formed by translating their stems into Latin language and joining the Latin stem with the suffix -ov or -sk and the endings -y: Bobrov - Kastorsky, Orlov - Akvilev.
The largest part of the Russian population - the peasantry did not have legally fixed surnames until the 19th century, and some representatives of the peasants received surnames only after October revolution, in connection with the passportization carried out by the Soviet government in the early 1930s.
My family can be attributed to both Russian and Mordovian ethnic groups. To determine whether this was reflected in the surnames of my ancestors, I had to study the indicators not only of Russian surnames, but also of Mordovian ones.
Before christian names at present, the Mordovians are almost forgotten, since in the course of Christianization, which began in the middle of the 16th century. , among it began to spread church names. Of course, in the Mordovian languages, having undergone appropriate adaptation, they began to sound somewhat different. For example, the name Fedor took the form in the Erzya language of Kvedor, Philip - Kvile, Foma - Coma, Fedosya - Kvedo, Fyokla - Kekla, Martha - Markva, Efrosinya - Okro, Nnknfor - Mikikor, Nikolai - Mikol, Khariton - Kariton, Zaxap - Zakar, Agafya - Oga, Aksinya - Oksya, Arina - Oryo or Oryai, Akulina - Okol, Elena - Olyo or Olena, Avdotya - Oldo or Oldai, Daria - Daryo, Maria - Maryo, Anisya - Anse, Vasilisa - Vasya, Matrena - Matryo, Natalya - Natal, Lukerya - Lukir, etc.
However, Mordovian pre-Christian names did not disappear without a trace. Most of they continue to be preserved in a number of modern Mordovian surnames: Kirdyashov, Kirdyashkin - Kirdyash; Kudashov, Kudashkin - Kudash; Uchvatov, Uchvatkin - Uchvat; Nuyanzin - Nuyanza; Kolomasov, Kolomaskin - Kolomas; Kazeev, Kazeiknn - Kazei; Suraev, Suraikii - Surai; Kemaev, Kemaikin - Kemai; Tingaev, Tngaikin - Tingai; Yangaev, Yangaikii - Yangai; Pnksaev, Piksaikin - Piksai; Surodeev, Surodeikii - Surodey; Kildyushov, Kildyushkin - Kildush; Simdyaiov, Simdyaikin - Snmdyan; Viryasov, Viryaskin - Viryas; Vedyashov, Vedyashkin - Vedyash; Pivtsaev, Pivtsaykin - Pivtsay; Rezaev, Rezaikin - Rezai; Kezhvatov, Kezhvatkin - Kezhvat; Kulyasov, Kulyaskin - Kulyas and others.
How did these and similar Mordovian surnames arise?
They appeared in connection with Christianization. Russian missionary priests, giving a Christian name to this or that Mordvin during baptism, his surname, which was recorded in church documents, was produced from the personal name of his father - a “pagan” following the model of Russian surnames on -ov, -ev, -in, - (k) in. The son of Kirdyash became Kirdyashov or Kirdyashkin (from Kirdyashka-o), the son of Kudash - Kudashov or Kudashkin (from Kudashka-o), the son of Mares - Maresyev or Mareskina (from Mareska-o), the son of Kochemas - Kochemasov or Kochemaskin (from Kochemaska-o ) etc.
Some Mordovian anthroponyms still exist as names of related groups (kudoyurton lemt), consisting of one or another number of separate, related families, originating from one common ancestor, which at one time bore a pre-Christian name. So, to the question “Throw tone?” (“Whose are you”) in the Erzya village of Ivantsevo, Gorky region, you can get the answer: “Kezhain” (from Kezhai), “Lyamain” (from Lyamai), “Bubushkan” (from Bubush), etc. A similar phenomenon can be observed in other both Erzya and Moksha villages.
Among the pre-Christian Mordovians, not only original, purely Mordovian, personal names were in circulation, but also names borrowed by Mordovians from other peoples. Among the borrowed many pre-Christian, non-Christian Old Russian, Russian names, there are also anthroponyms Turkic origin. These names in the Mordovian languages, as well as later Christian names, also adopted from Russians, changed their appearance to one degree or another, adapted to the peculiarities of Mordovian pronunciation, inflection and word formation. The penetration of Old Russian, Russian pre-Christian, non-Christian names into the Mordovian environment could begin at a fairly early era(from the 1st millennium AD), in the 2nd millennium AD. e. Russo-Mordovian ties have strengthened. Of the most popular Russian non-Christian, original in origin, names that were in circulation among the Mordovians, we can name the following: Nesmeyan, Lyubim, Named, Burnai, Late, Chudai, Zhdan, Walk, Malka, Nine, Raday, Nadezhka, Durai, Durnay, Budi , Milush, Pervush, Zhadey, Zhivay, Petai, etc. Many of these names also formed the basis of modern Mordovian surnames.
It is known that in the past, Russian personal names, and according to their type, Mordovian ones, were written and also pronounced by Russians, often with the diminutive Russian suffix -ka (o). In Russian chronicles and acts, Russian names of the type are often written - Lyubimka (o), Nezhdanka (o), Ostashka (o), Pervushka (o), million Mordovian ones - such as Vechkushka (o), Veshutka (o), Kolomaska (o), Inzhayka (o), Uchaika (o), Kudaika (o), Sudoska (o), Pureska (o), etc.
Chapter ΙΙ Surnames of my family
Different peoples and cultures often have different surname endings peculiar only to them. Here is a list of nationalities in alphabetical order and the endings of surnames inherent in these peoples:
Abkhazians: -ba, -ua, -ipa
Azerbaijanis: -zade, -li, ly, -oglu, -kyzy
Armenians: -yan, -yants, -uni
Belarusians: -ich -ov -uk -ik -ski -ka
Bulgarians: -ov
Gagauz: -oglo
Greeks: -pulos, -kos, -go
Georgians: -shvili, -dze, -uri, -ia, -ua, -a, -ava -li, -si, -ni
Italians: -ini
Lithuanians: -te, -is, -not
Moldovans: -sku, -u(l), -an
Mordva: -yn, -in
Germans: -man, -er
Ossetians: -ti
Poles: -ski -tski -dzki
Russians: -ev, -ov, -skih
Romanians: -sku, -u(l), -an
Serbs: -ich
Turks: -ji, -oglu
Tatars: -in, -ishin
Ukrainians: -ko, -uk (-yuk), -un, -ny (-ny), -tea, -y, and
After analyzing the surnames of a kind, I found out that out of 16 surnames, 8 have Russian origin, 2 Mordovian and 6 origin could not be established.
Verin. The surname ends in -a, the suffix -in is used: Vera → Verin. In the dictionary there is a litter - (Rus), but, as we see, from the table above, it is possible to refer to a Mordovian surname. Vasilisin, Vasilisov - rare surnames, from women's baptismal names. Vasilisa - royal (Greek). The surname, most likely, is formed from the female name Vera. Patronymics and surnames by female names were given in cases where the woman was the head of the family or brought up the child alone. The name Vera is Russian, from the calendar, a translation of the Greek Pistis or an abbreviated form from Veronica
Bugrov Everyone knows the word "bump" - a hillock, but a tumor, a blister, was also called a hillock. The owner of a permanent growth in a conspicuous place received, according to the Dictionary of Russian Surnames, the nickname Bugor, his children became Bugrovs. (Rus)
Kusakin - according to the final suffix, it can be attributed to the Russian and Mordovian surnames. However, the dictionary explains that in most cases such surnames are of Russian origin, but they can also be Belarusian or Ukrainian. Such surnames are formed from the name, nickname, occupation or place of residence of a person's distant ancestor in the male line. Such a surname may come from the name or nickname of an ancestor in the female line, for example, a person's great-great-grandmother. In some cases, this surname is Jewish origin and is derived from the name or nickname of an ancestor in the female line, such as a person's great-great-grandmother.
Petkelev - most likely formed from loops (pestle) - a stick with which grain is pounded in a mortar. Given surname clearly of Mordovian origin.
Ovtov - a name with a stem denoting the name of the oatmeal: Ovtov from ovto "bear". This surname, of course, is of Mordovian origin.
Frolov Patronymic from the form Frol from the church male name Frol (lat. Florus - "blooming"). Found only in dictionary with tag (Rus)
Efimov Patronymic from the everyday form Efim, formed in turn from the canonical male name Evfimy (Greek Euphemos - “pious, sacred”). Litter found in the dictionary (Rus)
Gusev A surname formed from a non-church name or nickname Gus, Gusak. "Bird" names were not rare in Russian villages, therefore, in the dictionary of the litter (Rus)
Soldiers Words that turned into nicknames, and surnames are formed from them in the future: Soldiers → Soldiers (Rus)
Yakovlev Patronymic from the name in the everyday Russian form Yakov (from the church Jacob). The possessive adjective Yakovlev ("son of Yakov") is formed by the suffix -ev. (Rus)
Gurov The surname is widespread, it was a patronymic from a derivative form of Gur from the canonical male name Gury. (Rus)
The origin of the surnames Yushin, Shakhmaev, Chubrikov, Skorkin and Rusyaykin has not yet been established.
Conclusion
Completed research allowed to make many interesting scientific observations and enriched knowledge important facts. We were convinced that the surname itself is an interesting linguistic phenomenon and is closely related to history and culture. home country. By studying the patterns of existence of certain surnames in their own way, you can learn a lot about the life, life, history of your ancestors.
How to find out your ancestry or how my last name came about
You have two options.
The first is to do the etymology yourself. The second is to seek help from a specialist - an etymologist, he will unearth your entire family tree for you. This is not at all easy, and the main thing is not to run into scammers who, just for the sake of money, make up a bunch of fables for you.
Try to get familiar with what to start with first. You can get information here. On this site you will read a lot of interesting things and you can chat on the forum with interesting people. You will have the opportunity to get a family diploma and much more.
There is another search option, take a look here. Perhaps you will like this site more?
- Ask your relatives, grandparents. Perhaps they know, but in our time it is unlikely.
- Turn to free online services. Perhaps they will help, but very poor quality, and this information can only be used to recreational activities or general development.
- Contact the experts who will conduct a thorough and serious research Your surname. It is expensive, but of high quality (although it all depends on the specialist, many in pursuit of money are only looking for a way to cheat).
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To find out the origin of your surname, you need to order a very expensive and lengthy study from those specialists who do this professionally.
A free online service where you can find out where the surname came from is complete nonsense.
Therefore, for a person who wants to know the origin of his last name, there is only one option - to contact specialists and prepare a decent amount of money.
yes, now a huge number of paid resources have divorced - which offer this service, but do not despair http://www.ufolog.ru/ - there are free fortune-telling and a dream book and a surname where you came from and where you will also find out the roots - absolutely free and without registration.
Want to know where it came from your last name and how did your family originate?
It is best to contact for help scientific centers who are doing this. Services that deal with onomastics will give you documents in which the history of the emergence of your surname and your clan will be written. This work is paid, but the results are worth it.
I have seen a lot of similar sites on the network - services on the topic where did the surname come from However, the site Ufolog.ru turned out to be the most interesting and content for me. He even settled in my bookmarks and I visit him periodically. Here is a link to it. Tyts
Search in Google or Yandex site mail answers there you write your last name and in a few minutes you will be answered. You can also find out the origin of the surname on the site analysis of the surname, where you pass the test and find out the origin of your surname.
To find out where did the surname come from you can use free online service you can use paid online services. But paid services give out information that is freely available. So I do not advise you to use paid services, since paid services are a scam.
I looked up the origin of my last name on the net, and it surprised me a lot. I like my version better. But I believe that the truth is many-sided, and there are many options in different areas of residence and different states, I mean Russia, Ukraine and Belarus.
In order to know for sure the origin of the surname, it is necessary to raise archival documents in which this can be attested. But most likely such documents will not be found. Following the same simple logic by the sound of the surname, you can try to determine where it came from, for example, Ivanov is the son of Ivan, Petrov is the son of Peter, Zadorozhny is the one who lives across the road. That is, surnames were invented according to some signs, but at first there were just names, but since there are few names and there are many people, and everyone must be distinguished and addressed to each person personally. A working free online service that I met is a site called ufologist here is the link
All online servers are built on some data taken from sources and many of them do not (to put it mildly) display reliable information, most likely these are the arguments of some people who, based on own experience and read literature draw some conclusions. For example, I was once interested in whether my relatives were related to Lermontov’s duel, after which he died and along the way was interested in the origin of the Martynov surname (my roots are from the Oryol province where the family estate of Count Martynov was located) and here’s what I’ll say: I read a lot of such fairy tales about all this, which I don’t even understand where is the truth and where is fiction ... You are unlikely to be able to find out the exact data, only the reasoning of other people!
There are several ways to find out the origin of your last name.
