Our next issue dedicated to such a phenomenon as fret. We will try to answer the following questions: what is a mode in music, how can this concept be defined, and what are the varieties of musical modes.
So what is fret? Remember what this word means outside of music? In life, they sometimes say about people that they get along with each other, that is, they are friends, understand each other and provide mutual assistance. In music, sounds must also get along with each other, be in harmony, otherwise it will not be a song, but one continuous cacophony. It turns out that harmony in music is sounds that are friendly with each other.
Fret basics
There are a lot of sounds in the song and they are different. There are sounds that are stable - supporting, and there are unstable - moving. In order to make music, both are needed, and they must alternate with each other and help each other.
The construction of music can be likened to the construction of a brick wall. As a wall is made of bricks and cement between them, so a song is born only when there are stable and unstable sounds.
Steady sounds bring peace to music, they slow down active movement, they usually end a piece of music. Unstable sounds are needed for development; they constantly lead the development of the melody away from stable sounds and lead back to them again. All unstable sounds tend to turn into stable ones, and stable ones, in turn, like magnets attract unstable ones.
Why are stable and unstable sounds working so tirelessly in harmony? In order to get some kind of song - funny or sad. That is, the sounds of the fret can also affect the mood of the music, they seem to mow the melodies into different emotional shades.
Types of fret: major and minor
So, a mode is always a whole team of sounds that work tirelessly to create songs of all kinds of moods. There are a lot of modes in music, but there are two of the most important. They are called major and minor.
The major scale, or simply major, is the tone of light and fun. It is suitable for creating joyful, cheerful and cheerful music. The minor scale, or simply minor, is the master of sad and thoughtful music.
The major mode is a bright sun and a clear blue sky, and the minor mode is a scarlet sunset and the peaks of a spruce forest darkening under it. The major scale is the bright green spring grass on the lawn, which the gray goat eats with great pleasure. The minor mode is to watch from the window in the evening how autumn leaves fall and autumn rain crystals drip. Beauty can be different, and major and minor - two artists who are ready to paint any picture with their sounds.
ADVICE. If you are working with children, then it will be useful to work with pictures. Show the child a series of pictures, let him imagine how they could sound - major or minor? You can download the finished collection from us. As creative task the child can be offered to create his own gallery of major and minor images. This will awaken his creative imagination.
A SELECTION OF PICTURES "MAJOR AND MINOR" -
AT major scale such famous songs like "A Christmas tree was born in the forest", solemn anthem Russian Federation, sunny smile". The songs “A grasshopper sat in the grass” and “A birch stood in the field” are composed in a minor scale.
QUIZ. Listen to two pieces of music. These are two dances from children's album» Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. One dance is called "waltz", the other - "mazurka". Which one do you think is in major and which is in minor?
Fragment No. 1 "Waltz"
Fragment No. 2 "Mazurka"
Correct Answers: Waltz major music, and "Mazurka" is in minor.
Key and gamma
Major and minor modes can be built from any musical sound - from do, from re, from mi, etc. This first, most main sound will be called in harmony the tonic. And the height position of the fret, linking it to some kind of tonic, is denoted by the word "tonality".
Each tonality should be called somehow. A person has a first name and a last name, and a key has the name of the tonic and mode, which can also be combined into one name. For example, C major (the note DO is the tonic, that is, the main sound, the captain of the team, a fret is built from it, and the fret is major). Or another example: D minor is a minor scale from the note PE. Other examples: E major, F major, G minor, A minor, etc.
EXERCISE. Try to make up some name for the key yourself. Take any tonic and any fret, put it together. What did you get?
If you put all the sounds of the tonality in order, starting with the tonic, you get a scale. The scale starts with the tonic and ends with it. By the way, the scales are named exactly the same as the keys. For example, the E minor scale begins with the note MI and it also ends with the note MI, the G major scale begins with the note SOL and ends with the same note. Do you understand? Here's a musical example:
But where do sharps and flats come from in these scales? Let's talk about this further. It turns out that major and minor scales have their own special structure.
Major scale structure
To get a major scale, you need to take only eight sounds and line them up. But not all sounds suit us. How to choose the right ones? You know that the distance between the steps can be half a tone or a whole tone. So, for a major scale, it is necessary that the distance between its sounds correspond to the formula: tone-tone, semitone, tone-tone-tone, semitone.
For example, the C major scale starts with the note DO and ends with the note DO. Between the sound DO and RE there is a distance of one whole tone, between RE and MI there is also a tone, and between MI and FA it is only half a tone. Further: between FA and SOL, SOL and LA, LA and SI for a whole tone, between SI and upper DO - only a semitone.
Let's deal with tones and semitones
If you forgot what tones and semitones are, then let's repeat it. A semitone is the shortest interval from one note to the next. It shows us very clearly halftones between sounds. If you play all the keys in a row, without skipping either white or black, then when moving from one key to the next, we will just go through a distance of one semitone.
As you can see, a semitone can be played by going up from a white key to the nearest black one, or going down from a black one to a white one, which is right next to it. In addition, which are formed only between "white" sounds: these are MI-FA and SI-DO.
A semitone is a half, and if you reunite the two halves together, you get something whole, you get one whole tone. On a piano keyboard, whole tones can easily be found between two adjacent white keys if they are separated by a black one. That is, DO-RE is a tone, and RE-MI is also a tone, but MI-FA is not a tone, it is a semitone: nothing separates these white keys.
To get a whole tone from the note MI in a pair, you need to take not a simple FA, but FA-SHARP, that is, add another half tone. Or you can leave the FA, but then you have to lower the MI, take the MI-FLAT.
As for the black keys, on the piano they are arranged in groups - two or three. So, inside the group, two adjacent black keys are also removed from each other by one tone. For example, C-SHARP and D-SHARP, as well as G-FLAT and A-FLAT, are all combinations of notes that give us whole tones.
But in large gaps between groups of black "buttons", that is, where two white keys are placed between two black keys, the distance will be one and a half tones (three semitones). For example: from MI-flat to F-sharp or from SI-flat to C-sharp.
Building major scales
So, in the major scale, the sounds should be arranged in such a way that between them there are first two tones, then semitones, then three tones and again a semitone. As an example, let's construct the D major scale. First, we make a “blank” - we write notes in a row from the lower sound PE to the upper PE. Indeed, in D major, the sound PE is the tonic, the scale must begin with it and it must end with it.
And now you need to "find out the relationship" between the sounds and bring them into line with the major scale formula.
- There is a whole tone between RE and MI, everything is fine here, let's move on.
- Between MI and FA is a semitone, but in this place, according to the formula, there should be a tone. We straighten it out - by increasing the sound of the FA, we add another half tone to the distance. We get: MI and F-SHARP - one whole tone. Now order!
- F-SHARP and SALT give us a semitone that should just be in third place. It turns out that it was not in vain that we raised the FA note, this sharp was still useful to us. Move on.
- SOL-LA, LA-SI are whole tones, as it should be according to the formula, we leave them unchanged.
- The next two sounds SI and DO are a semitone. You already know how to straighten it: you need to increase the distance - put a sharp in front of DO. If it were necessary to reduce the distance, we would put it flat. Do you understand the principle?
- The last sounds - C-SHARP and RE - are a semitone: what you need!
What did we end up with? It turns out that there are two sharps in the D major scale: F-SHARP and C-SHARP. Do you understand now where they came from?
Similarly, you can build major scales from any sounds. And there, too, either sharps or flats will appear. For example, in F major there is one flat (SI-FLAT), and in C major there are as many as five sharps (DO, RE, FA, SOL and A-SHARP).
You can build scales not only from the "white keys", but also from lowered or raised sounds. Do not forget to take into account the signs you know. For example, the E-flat major scale is a scale with three flats (MI-flat itself, A-flat, and B-flat), and the F-sharp major scale is a six-sharp scale (all sharps except E-SHAP).
The structure of the minor scale
Here the principle is almost the same as with minor scales, only the structure formula minor scale slightly different: tone, semitone, tone-tone, semitone, tone-tone. By applying this sequence of tones and semitones, you can easily get a minor scale.
Let's turn to examples. Let's build a minor scale from the note SALT. First, just write out all the notes in order from G to G (from the lower tonic to its repetition at the top).
- Between SALT and LA - a whole tone, as it should be according to the formula.
- Further: LA and SI are also a tone, but a semitone is needed in this place. What to do? It is necessary to reduce the distance, for this we lower the SI sound with the help of a flat. Here we have the first sign - B-flat.
- Further, according to the formula, we need two whole tones. Between the sounds B-flat and DO, as well as DO and RE, there is just such a distance as it should be.
- Next: RE and MI. There is a whole tone between these notes, but only a semitone is needed. Again, you already know the treatment: we lower the note MI, and we get a semitone between RE and MI-FLAT. Here is the second sign for you!
- We check the last: we need two more whole tones. MI FLAT with FA is a tone, and FA with SA is also a tone. Everything is OK!
What did you get in the end? There are two flats in the G minor scale: SI-FLAT and MI-FLAT.
For practice, you can build yourself or "pick up" several minor scales: for example, F sharp minor and A minor.
How else can you get a minor scale?
Major and minor scales, built from the same tonic, differ from each other by only three sounds. Let's find out what these differences are. Let's compare the scale C major (no signs) and C minor (three flats).
Each sound of the scale is a degree. So, in the minor scale, compared to the major scale, there are three low steps - the third, sixth and seventh (marked with Roman numerals - III, VI, VII). Thus, if we know the major scale, then we can easily get a minor scale by changing just three sounds.
For the exercise, let's work with the key of G major. In the G major scale, one sharp is F-SHARP, which is the seventh degree of the scale.
- We lower the third step - the note SI, we get SI-FLAT.
- We lower the sixth step - the note MI, we get MI-FLAT.
- We lower the seventh step - the note F-SHARP. This sound is already elevated, and in order to lower it, you just need to cancel the increase, that is, remove the sharp.
Thus, in G minor there will be only two signs - SI-FLAT and MI-FLAT, and F-SHARP simply disappears from it without a trace. As you can see, nothing complicated.
Steady and unstable sounds in major
There are seven steps in both the major and minor scales, three of which are stable, and four are unstable. The stable steps are the first, third and fifth (I, III, V). Unstable - this is all the rest - the second, fourth, sixth, seventh (II, IV, VI, VII).
Stable steps, if put together, form a tonic triad, that is, a triad built from the tonic, from the first step. The word triad means a chord of three sounds. The tonic triad is abbreviated as T53 (in major) or with a small letter t53 (in minor).
In the major scale, the tonic triad is major, and in the minor scale, respectively, minor. Thus, a triad of stable steps gives us a complete picture of the tonality - its tonic and mode. The sounds of the tonic triad are a kind of guide for musicians, according to which they are tuned to the beginning of the piece.
As an example, let's look at stable and unstable sounds in D major and in C minor.
D major is a light tonality with two sharps (FA-SHARP and C-SHARP). The stable sounds in it are RE, F-SHARP and LA (the first, third and fifth notes from the scale), together they give us a tonic triad. The unstable ones are MI, SALT, SI and C-SHARP. Look at the example: unstable steps are shaded for better clarity:
C minor is a scale with three flats (B-Flat, E-Flat and A-Flat), it is minor and therefore sounds with a slight hint of sadness. The stable steps here are DO (first), MI-FLAT (third) and G (fifth). They give us a minor tonic triad. The unstable steps are RE, FA, A-FLAT, and B-FLAT.
So, in this issue, we met with you such musical concepts, like mode, tonality and scale, considered the structure of major and minor, learned to find stable and unstable steps. From the following issues, you will learn about what are the varieties of major and minor and what are the other modes in music, as well as how to quickly identify sharps and flats in any key.
Dear colleagues!!!
I bring to your attention the musical and didactic fairy tale "Major and Minor", which we composed together with a student of the music department of the pedagogical college (now a graduate) for use in music lessons in general educational school. This fairy tale helped students primary school fascinating and accessible to understand the concept of musical mode. Musical and didactic the tale was accompanied by a presentation and musical illustrations. It should be noted that the fairy tale activated cognitive interest students, and also contributed to a better assimilation of educational material.
Tale "Major and Minor"
In a certain kingdom, the musical state of Lad, there lived two brothers, who were called Major and Minor. Major was always cheerful and joked a lot, while Minor's mood was always sad and sad. The people of this state knew that the brothers had magic power that could change their mood. The brothers lived together and always helped the inhabitants of the state.
If someone feels sad - the Minor is right there - it will sound like a thoughtful melody softly whispering tender consolations. And if a holiday, what in the state, then you can’t do without Major; will cheer everyone up, cheer up and joy will shine in the soul. When the brothers are together, then all things in the kingdom go well for people: there is order and harmony all around. So the carefree and joyful life in the kingdom would have continued if at night, when all the inhabitants were sleeping and having good magical dreams, a cold wind had not blown over the kingdom.
This wind was sent by the evil sorceress Cacophony in order to destroy the harmony and bring disorder in the state. Cacophony loved sound disorder (illustration), when sounds do not listen to each other, and do not want to get along with each other. Cacophony liked such a mess, as the musical sounds obeyed her unquestioningly.
Cacophony did not like the brothers, even feared them. After all, when brothers are in the kingdom, there is harmony and order all around. And the evil sorceress decided to separate them, drive them out of the kingdom in order to rule there herself. All night she cast spells from a magic book and sent a cold wind to separate the brothers.
The next morning, when the inhabitants of the kingdom woke up, they did not hear either sad or cheerful melodies. Sound disorder reigned all around (cacophony - illustration). Where are our brothers and their magic power of harmony? We do not hear and do not feel our mood! They called, they searched for brothers for a long time, but they did not find them. And since that time in the state of Lad, everything began to go wrong. The inhabitants of the state did not like Cacophony and began to think how to drive it away and return Major and Minor.
The cold wind took the brothers to distant lands and left one in a pine forest, and the other by the river. The brothers looked for each other, called, but their voices were not heard.
Then Major taught the forest birds to sing joyful and mischievous songs, gave the tall pines the power of triumph, grandeur and harmony - and Pinery sounded. His music was heard by the river, which learned to dream and be sad with Minor. So the sorceress Nature helped the brothers meet.
The birds of the forest told them about the deeds of Cacophony and the sufferings of the inhabitants of the state. The brothers hurried home, asked the sorceress Nature to help them.
A warm wind returned Major and Minor to a musical state. As soon as Cacophony saw the brothers, she got scared and rushed away.
Major and Minor together again. And as before, everything is going well in the musical state - order and harmony are all around.
Teacher psychological and pedagogical disciplines
Krasnodar Pedagogical College
Yarmukhina Svetlana Vladimirovna
Abstract of the music lesson.
Subject: Two Frets. Major and minor.
Target: consolidation generalization of students' knowledge about the melody, familiarity with the concept of harmony, as a means musical expressiveness, familiarization with the values of the world musical culture.
Tasks:
Educational:
introduce the main modes of music in major and minor;
form students' ideas about external signs cheerful and sad mood;
to teach to apply in practice, to demonstrate signs of a cheerful, sad mood through their own facial expressions, pantomimes, including in the process of their own musical activity;
improve singing skills (long singing, expressive performance of songs, silent inhalation and exhalation).
Correction-developing:
to correct and develop personal qualities, the emotional-volitional sphere of students (self-control skills, the ability to express mood, their feelings) through their own facial expressions, pantomimes;
develop auditory perception through musical works;
correct and develop coherent oral speech.
Educational:
educate students' interest in musical activities;
cultivate interest in classical music through listening.
Equipment: piano, PC, projector, screen, mirrors, folk musical instruments.
Vocabulary work: major, minor, mode, shades of mode (cheerful, perky, playful, mischievous, sad, sad, dreamy, thoughtful).
During the classes.
Sounds "Morning" E. Grieg. The children enter the room. The teacher greets the children musical accompaniment(chord chain in C major), "Hello, children!" (Slide 1)
Answer. "Hello!" (descending dur triad).
We have guests today, let's say hello to them. Children greet guests also in musical language: “Hello guests!”
Teacher: Have a seat, children. Guys, I met you joyfully, with a smile. And if I greeted you like this (sing or play a minor triad), you would probably be surprised why O.V. was offended by us, why she Bad mood? Have you guessed what we are going to talk about today?
Children: About the mood in music!
Listen to a fairy tale. It's called "Two Brothers".
(Music "Visiting a fairy tale" slide opens a window in the hut). In ancient times in fairyland under the name Soundland, King Dean ruled - Don the Seventh. (Slide king). More than anything, he loved to sleep and be bored.
Sometimes he sits on his throne and misses.
She shakes her feet out of boredom.
Out of boredom, he will order cookies to be served,
And the soldiers sing a song.
His soldiers were unusual
All as one, the singers are excellent.
And for this, by the way,
Became Dean - don their Sounds to call.
Sounds will sing to the king one song after another.
The king will snore, and the sounds are also on the side.
They sleep until the morning.
In the morning they will get up, shout: "Hurrah!"
The king will wake up
Will turn from side to side
And everything will start again:
Boredom, cookies, soldiers' singing. (slide guard)
From this life the sounds have become so lazy,
What to sing properly, completely forgot how.
The king was terribly upset.
He even stopped being bored.
Makes them sing this way and that.
And they don't want to.
But one day, two friends of Lad arrived in Soundland from the distant country of Ladia. Let's get to know them. (Major and minor come out and read their words).
Major: Friends! I'm in a hurry to confess
very glad to meet you.
My name is Signor Major,
I best friend guys.
I always bring with me -
Smile joke laughter.
And if you're friends with me
Then success awaits you.
Minor: And I'm called Minor,
And here's what I'll tell you:
With laughter I'm not on the way -
I value sadness.
I love, sighing tears to pour,
And I suggest you
Let's mourn together
What I don't know myself.
Major and Minor found out about the trouble of the king and decided to help him.
They came to the palace, (Slide major and minor)
The king, as expected, bowed.
Hello, Dean - dong, - they say, -
We want to hear from your soldiers.
Well, - the king commanded the Sounds, -
Feel free to play music!
One, two! One, two!
Sounds sang, some in the forest, some for firewood. (Children approach the pho-but play cacophony in 4 hands)
The brothers could not stand this music,
Come on, - they say, - Dean - don, we will help you,
From your Sounds we will put together a good song.
Lined Major Sounds in a row-
It turned out to be a soundtrack.
sing along! Major commanded. Sounds sang.
(A major scale is sung - with the words: “Spring is already coming to us, the sun is looking out the window” - the key is “C major” and “A minor with an elevated seventh step”) (Slide with text)
Since then, order has come in Soundland
Dean - Don began to live differently,
Under new music stopped sleeping.
He will be sad - Minor will appear,
Wants to have fun - Major will appear.
Sounds began to live well
And the songs sounded good.
So, the sounds began to get along and be friends with each other. And you and I understood that Lad is CONSENT. When the sounds agree to live together. (consent slide)
Teacher: Here, guys, you and I realized that music affects our mood. If we are sad, this mood is minor; if we are happy, it is major.
Tell me, children, and looking at a person, you can determine what his mood is? (Yes, by gait, by facial expression)
Then let's go to the table and choose a mask of a cheerful mood and sad mood(one mask in one hand, the other in the other hand). (mask slide).
I will play for you musical passages, and you will show me with a mask - what mood the composer wanted to portray in music. (3-4 excerpts)
"Let them run clumsily" R. major
"Autumn Marathon" A. Petrov minor
"To Elise" Beethoven in minor
"Polka hares" Filipenko major (one group shows the mask, and the other speaks correctly or not).
Now put the masks aside and let's play a game - you will depict a different mood at the mirror.
1. Frown Like:
1) king;
2) whose child was punished;
3) a student who got a deuce.
2. Smile like:
1) mother to her child;
2) the cat squints in the sun;
3) as if you received a gift that you have been dreaming about for a long time.
3. Sit like:
1) a bee on a flower;
2) offended puppy;
Now, looking in the mirror, picture joyful mood.
What is a joyful mood called in musical language? (major)
And now sad.
What is the name of a sad mood in musical language? (Minor).
Now look at each other and smile!
What mood is hardest for you to show? (Sad).
Tell me, can music help us create and feel the right mood?
Sit back, listen and try to understand what this music is about?
"Doll Disease", " New doll"P.I. Tchaikovsky. (Record)
Maybe someone will remember who this music was dedicated to (nephew Volodya - Children's album) and who wrote it? (The great Russian composer P.I. Tchaikovsky). (Slide portrait of the composer).
Listen to another piece by Tchaikovsky, “Dance of the Little Swans.” (Recording) (Slide ballet “ Swan Lake»).
Here, guys, we have been musicians, artists, listeners, now we will be artists with you.
What do artists use when they paint pictures? (Paints, fantasy, observations).
What do composers use when composing a piece of music? (Sounds).
Artists have many colors - warm tones and cold tones, light and dark.
Artists also know how to draw major and minor. (Slide sun and cloud)
Musicians also use colors, but they are called major and minor. Or okay.
Can we find major and minor in the world around us?
What colors convey the state of nature? (slide picture)
(Major - bright, sunny, and minor - dark.)
Now we are going to draw music.
Teacher: I see surprise in your eyes again. You do not understand what is happening, but wait a little more: everything has its time. Look at the picture. What is shown on it?
On the board are fragments of a drawing on the theme “Spring”, which are located in no particular order.
Teacher. So what can you say about all this?
Children. Some kind of picture, but it is not clear what is on it. Some kind of mess.
Teacher. You are right: some kind of mess! In a word, discord.
The word discord means lack of order, discord, disagreement.
But why was there a discord in the drawing?
Children. Misplaced parts of the picture.
Teacher. So, what needs to be done in order to see the artistic image of the picture?
Children. It is necessary to put everything in order, arrange the fragments of the picture correctly.
Children perform the task to the music "Spring" by Sviridov
Teacher. Now let's see what happens?
Attention is drawn to the artistic image of the drawing on the theme “Spring”.
We love our hands, (rub hands together)
We'll clap a little. (clap hands)
Let's say hello together, (shake their hands)
Let's serve the music together. (fold hands near chest, bow)
Index goes away
The nameless one suddenly disappeared (fingers folded)
And the high dome of the temple,
Grows to the sky (fold their hands above their heads and reach up)
Singing section.
We have already been composers, listeners, a little artists, and now we will become singers, performers. But in order to start singing beautifully and correctly, you first need to "Wake up" the ligaments - these are 2 strings and you need to take care of them, tune - this is your musical instrument.
Exercise 1. "Warm up the ligaments"
We save two strings
Set up first, eat later.
a) "feather"
b) "Yes-de-dee-do-du"
c) "Ma-me-mi-mo-mu"
Exercise 2. "We ran across the coast"
a) Funny man. (Slide Carlson).
Determine in what fret this song begins (In minor, and then in major).
b) "Bell"
Game "Search"
Psycho-gymnastics "Merry Pie"
If it suddenly became someone ( children convey sadness with facial expressions and intonation)
Very sad for some reason
And you do not know - how to be? ( shrug)
How to cheer him up?
We'll take a glass of chuckles, ( imitates the preparation of a pie)
Loud laughter from baskets,
Loose laughter spoon
And a little giggle.
Stir them with fun
AT subtle humor roll out
Roll everything in jokes
Bake in hot jokes.
Who will try a piece -
Will definitely want to! (laughing merrily)
Lesson summary
This concludes our lesson.
What have we learned today as a result of our lesson, what have we learned?
What do major and minor mean?
What is fret?
Is it easier for you to show sad and cheerful mood now?
Has music helped us to feel cheerful and sad moods?
Do you think music affects a person's mood?
Evaluate the work of the children in the classroom.
Today all the good fellows! Can I give you five
What is your mood now?
Homework.
Draw a picture in a major, in a minor scale.
I really liked how you got along with each other at the lesson today.
Let it always be in your life - at home, at school - everything will be fine!
Thank you all for the lesson. Goodbye!
Methodological development on the topic
"Not solfeggio, but a fairy tale"
Didactic fairy tales at solfeggio lessons in early childhood groups aesthetic development at the Children's Art School and Children's Music School.
At all times, the issue of upbringing and education of children was relevant and topical not only within a single family, but also within the country. And articles, books, conferences, works of pundits were dedicated to him. But, as before, this issue haunts millions of parents, teachers and everyone involved in the process of raising and educating children. They say that life on Earth has always been difficult and depended on a number of circumstances that dictated their conditions. Here we are living in a very difficult time. disregard for moral and ethical standards in the "adult" world affects the development of spiritual quality, and as a result, the health of the younger generation of people. Evil and violence filled the television screens. Less and less good fairy tales and our children see cartoons.
So many families are wondering how to protect their children from such negativity, how to raise kids smart, healthy, well-mannered, kind, sympathetic. Not last role centers play in solving this issue in our country aesthetic education children, art schools, art schools and music schools.
In the context of the transition to new federal state educational standards, the role of additional education of children has increased significantly. Therefore, many parents, in the matter of the artistic and aesthetic education of their children, prefer such educational institutions like DSHI and DMSH.
The fact that music has a great influence on moral education, the formation of the child's personality, much has been written at different times. Even Aristotle wrote in his writings: “Music is capable of exerting a certain influence on the ethical side of the soul; and since music has such properties, then, obviously, it should be included in the number of subjects for the education of young people. And the outstanding Russian scientist and doctor Bekhterev V.M. said: “Music is not only an ennobling, educational factor. Music is the healer of health.
When sending their child to a children's art school or children's music school, many parents do not suspect that there is a lot of joint work ahead of them: teacher + student + parents. And the closer this community, the higher the results of the child.
Undoubtedly, the role of the teacher in this process is dominant. Regardless of what lesson the student is in (solfeggio class, choir class or playing a musical instrument), the initial stage of learning is very important. It is the first lessons, the first impressions from acquaintance with music, with the basics of musical literacy, that have a strong influence on the future musical education and education of young musicians.
Russian writer, philosopher, musicologist Odoevsky V.F. wrote: “Do not believe that a person can understand music at once. It's impossible. You have to get used to it first."
Indeed, for a small and unprepared listener, to understand classical music (even its simple examples) pretty hard. Education of a competent listener, development of musical and auditory abilities, education of the basics musical thinking and the ability to apply all the acquired knowledge when learning and performing a piece of music - this is a big and painstaking work. It requires from the teacher high pedagogical skills, great patience, and the creation of conditions for the successful learning of each child who comes to the lesson. The student is required to be diligent, able and willing to learn and learn.
The role of a teacher of theoretical disciplines in the process of teaching a little musician is significant. It is during solfeggio lessons that children receive the basics of musical literacy, learn to understand, listen, deeply feel and empathize with music, and participate in collective music-making.
Many parents are anxious about the subject of solfeggio as difficult and unnecessary for children, having their past negative experience of their training or teaching older children in music school. The author of this article, for her more than forty years of experience as a teacher of theoretical disciplines in a music school, has encountered this problem more than once.
Working with children aged 5 to 6 preparatory groups and choral solfeggio classes, setting myself the primary task of instilling in children a love for music, arousing a desire to listen to it, study it, perform it and not scare away students after the first lessons with the “dryness” and difficulty of the language of musical literacy, I use didactic tales in the lessons.
O important role fairy tales in the upbringing of a child are told by scientists, both teachers and doctors. K.I. Chukovsky wrote that the purpose of the fairy tale “is to educate the child in humanity - this marvelous ability to worry about someone else's misfortune, rejoice in the joys of another, experience someone else's fate as one's own. After all, a fairy tale improves, enriches and humanizes the child's psyche, since a child listening to a fairy tale feels like an active participant in it and always identifies himself with those of her characters who fight for justice, goodness, freedom. T.D. Zinkevich-Evstigneeva, Doctor of Psychology, Director of the St. Petersburg Institute of Fairy Tale Therapy, says that fairy tales have didactic, psycho-corrective, psychotherapeutic aspects. Now in psychology and defectology there is a method of psychological correction of the child - fairy tale therapy. It originated at the turn of the sixties - seventies of the last century in the West. The founder of this trend is Milton Erickson. In our country, treatment with a fairy tale has been used not so long ago - since the nineties of the twentieth century.
Didactic fairy tales are needed to present some new knowledge, they reveal the meaning and importance of certain knowledge. All of them are educational. They animate abstract symbols of a character “external” for the child (sounds, fragments of concepts from musical literacy, letters, numbers, etc.). Didactic fairy tales not only introduce children to new educational material, but also develop thinking, teach them to formulate their thoughts in words, build speech phrases correctly (children take an active part in telling fairy tales in the process of fixing them), contribute to the replenishment of not only knowledge, but also vocabulary. They allow you to effectively systematize knowledge, make the process of teaching children more interesting and exciting.
Studying many methods, getting acquainted with the experience of colleagues, I came to the idea of the need to create didactic material myself, which helps in an accessible and interesting way to convey to young students the concepts of musical literacy being studied. Didactic fairy tales are always in the process of being finalized, some changes, editing. There are some new pieces. Sometimes a fairy tale was composed during the lesson, in the process of explaining new material. Or, when retelling in subsequent lessons, the children introduced their own elements into the fairy tale, making the fairy tale a form of collective creativity.
The fairy tales are presented by the author musical material, as well as examples from children's, folk and classical music. Children draw pictures for fairy tales, with pleasure sing songs from these fairy tales to the accompaniment of a teacher or accompany themselves on noise instruments.
In this work, I would like to present a number of miniature didactic tales compiled by the author of this article in different years work with groups of early aesthetic development and choral solfeggio.
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"The Tale of the Seven Princesses Notes"
Hello, Dear friends. Today I want to tell you “The Tale of the Seven Princesses Notes. Yes, you probably know her. Not? Have you never heard? Then listen carefully.
And it was like that. One day, in magical kingdom, in a musical state, the queen MELODIA is very bored. No matter how much her brother Major did not try to cheer her up, no matter how much her brother Minor spared her, it was all in vain. Queen Melody sat, sat in sadness. She thought, thought, how to amuse herself. And she thought: “I’ll arrange a ball. I will call all my friends. Maybe they will help me disperse my sadness-longing.
The case boiled over. Messengers were sent to all parts of the musical state with invitations to the ball. There was no slumber in the palace either. Garlands of multi-colored lanterns and balls were hung around, vases with beautiful flowers were installed, the conductor gathered the musicians. Chefs in the palace kitchen prepared delicious treats.
And now the day and hour of the holiday has come. Invited guests began to gather. The first to arrive was Mr. Musical Staff, followed by Senor Treble Clef. They were not far behind by everyone's favorite in the kingdom Grandfather Meter and Auntie Strong share. Bars, Pauses and other residents of the musical state came to the ball. The hall was very beautiful, solemn and completely quiet. The conductor will wave his baton, but the instruments are silent, not a single sound is played. No matter how the musicians tried to start playing their favorite pieces of music, they did not succeed.
And you, my good friends, guessed what was the matter? So at the ball, the guests could not immediately understand why the musicians were not playing, why it was so quiet in the hall. And only then did the conductor guess: “But the Princess Notes have not yet arrived at the ball. What is music without them! »
Finally, the front door opened and the host of the ball solemnly announced that the long-awaited guests had arrived. But everyone must be invited to enter the hall. Everyone began to call the princesses by name, inviting them to the holiday and telling something interesting about each of them. Now you, my dear listeners, will find out what the guests in the hall were whispering about.
Princess Do entered first. It was said that she left her HOUSE and under the RAIN It took a long time to get in her carriage TO the castle.
Princess Ryo came after her. She was very Nice dress colors of river waves. Everyone knew that the princess lives on the banks of a wide RIVER and loves to frolic and splash in her gentle waves.
Princess M entered the hall with a pleasant smile on her face. She was so MILA and affable that she found a minute to talk with every acquaintance.
Princess FA followed. She wore a golden apron over her elegant dress, and in her hands she carried a porcelain platter with sweets for Queen Melody, which she skillfully prepared with her own hands, as she was a big fan of all things sweet.
When Princess SOL appeared on the threshold of the hall, everyone present froze with delight. The skirt of her dress was studded with many diamonds, which, in radiance, bright light glittering with colorful lights. But when the princess came closer, it turned out that it was not a diamond at all, but salt crystals. After all, she lived on an island in the Salt Sea.
Princess LA appeared at the party in a surprisingly lovely hat, her brim was decorated with wild strawberries and poplar leaves. The princess was in good mood and sang her favorite song:
La la la la la la.
I am a princess, I am LA.
And all around in bloom the Earth,
How wonderful, my friends!
And, finally, Princess C.I. Her face shone from the happiness of meeting with the inhabitants of the musical state. She rode from far away in a taxi. Well, of course, it was a beautiful lilac carriage, in which she allowed everyone to sit.
As soon as all the princesses gathered in the hall, the conductor waved his conductor's baton, the music began to sound and the ball began. Mr. Music Staff and Notes joined hands and began to spin in a cheerful round dance. Everyone was joyful and danced tirelessly until morning. Sadness and melancholy, at the Queen of Melody, slowly began to pass, she again became cheerful and happy. Señor Treble Clef himself invited her to dance.
Since this event took place in ancient times, they danced the old ballroom dance "Minuet"- dance of steps and bows. They were, of course, joined by princess notes and all the guests invited to the ball. The musicians played and the guests danced until morning. Guys, have you ever heard the music of the Minuet dance? Not? Then I invite you to imagine that we are at the ball of Queen Melody and listen to the music of the beautiful old dance. An audio recording of the C-dur minuet sounds. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
And so the fairy tale came to an end. I hope that you liked it and you remember the names of the main characters of the fairy tale.
Let's remember the names of the princesses who arrived at the ball to Queen Melody and call each by name: DO, RE, MI, FA, SOL, LA, SI.
I hope, my young listeners, that you will make friends with the notes, get to know each of them well and be able to learn many beautiful pieces of music.
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The following didactic tale will help children get acquainted not only with such concepts as: mode, major and minor, she will tell you about their main characteristics. Introduce new names in the world of classical music. It will also allow you to hear new pieces of music.
"The Tale of the Brothers Major and Minor"
Not very far from these places, in a magical musical country, in ancient times, mother Muzyka lived. She was also a master of singing and playing all kinds of musical instruments. And yet she knew the songs, and all the same she played tunes. All that are in the world.
Mother Muzyka had two beloved sons. Oh, and she loved them. Oh, and chill. She taught children her musical skills. They will gather on the lawn near the house after the affairs of the day, pick up musical instruments, and sing and play. All the people in the musical country surprise and entertain with their beautiful tunes and tunes.
And there were two brothers that did not resemble each other, like night and day. Each with its own character. With your mood. The brothers were completely different.
One was always cheerful, cheerful, joyful. Nothing in the world could upset him. All the tunes and melodies of this brother turned out to be cheerful, daring, like himself. Mother Music gave this son a name Major, which means cheerful, joyful, cheerful.
Brother Major, more than anything in the world, loved cheerful songs, dances, and games of catch-up with sunbeams. At any time of the day or year, he smiled and rejoiced in everything not in the white light.
Guys, please listen to a play by the Austrian composer Franz Schubert. It's called Waltz. What is a waltz? That's right, it's a dance. Gentle, smooth, swirling. Tell me whose portrait is drawn musical colors What is the nature of this music? And now silence. Music sounds.
Guys, have you forgotten that Mother Muzyka had a second son? Of course they didn't forget. And now you will learn a lot of interesting and unusual things about him. She gave him a name Minor. And all because this brother was always sad, sad and thoughtful. On the sunniest day, he did not smile and did not have fun. He, more than anything in the world, loved to sit by the window on a rainy day and look at the gloomy clouds, count the raindrops pouring on the window glass and dream. And sometimes brother Minor loved to cry. Even on his birthday, he was sad and thoughtful. The tunes and tunes of Brother Minor always turned out to be sad.
Now, my young musicians, we will listen very carefully to the piece that will be played in a minor key and imagine what it tells us about. What kind musical pictures did the composer draw us with the help of notes? Be sure to share your experiences. And then I will tell you what kind of play it is, what it is called, which composer wrote it, and what he painted in this music with notes. The play "Doll's Disease" from the "Children's Album" by P.I. Tchaikovsky sounds.
Brothers Major and Minor lived together. Never fought or argued. They got along with each other. with all residents musical country lived in peace and harmony. So they began to call them -
Lad Major and Lad Minor.And it is not in vain that they are still called that in music world. After all, the old beautiful wordfret stands for harmony, peace, order.
The brothers Major and Minor will sit down with Mother Music, they will sing, they will play various musical instruments. One will start, the other will pick up. And beautiful sounds will flow like a river. One play is more beautiful than the other.
Often, brothers play one piece in turn and do not interfere with each other, get along with each other. Now we will listen to one very interesting piece of music. You can hear both major and minor scales in it. The composer Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky wrote it for young music lovers. This play is called "Clowns". Guys, you, of course, have all been to the circus and seen the performance of clowns. What do they do, how do they behave in the arena? Build faces, entertain the audience? Listen carefully to the play "Clowns" and tell why the composer called it that. Display your impressions of the music you hear in pictures. Draw portraits of clowns.
Here the fairy tale ends. You have learned a lot of interesting things from the world of music, got acquainted with new names and works. Please remember why Mother Melody gave her sons such names, why in the musical country they are called frets, what does this word mean? And you guys probably heard how the brothers Major and Minor portrayed clowns musical sounds in the play by D.B. Kabalevsky and draw beautiful portraits of the heroes of the fairy tale and the heroes of the play "Clowns" for the next lesson.
The story ends
It's time for us to be with you.
Clowns say goodbye -
They go home to sleep.
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It is no secret that for many children, writing a treble clef causes certain difficulties, not only in groups of early aesthetic development, but also in primary school Children's music school. The following didactic miniature, in a playful way, will help young musicians overcome this difficulty. It will help you learn how to write correctly. treble clef.
"The Tale of the Extraordinary Snail"
Lived - was an unusual snail. And she was extraordinary because she was very musical and lived on the staff in a musical country. Dear friends, do you remember what stave? Of course, these are five parallel lines on which notes are written. And every real musician has a special notebook. It has no cells, no oblique lines. On each page - staves. Who can tell me what this notebook is called? Of course we are talking about music book.
Also, such rulers, in a music book and in our class on the board, are often called staff. These rulers are always counted only from bottom to top. That is, the bottom ruler will be the first and so on.
This is how the rulers of a stave or staff look like:
And I will continue my story. Crawled, crawled the snail stave, then he will sit there, then he will look there. But most of all she liked the second line. Not too high, not too low, and very comfortable. She put a dot on this ruler, at the beginning of the musical staff, and placed her house around it. “This is where I will live,” said the musical snail.
She settled herself comfortably on the second line of the stave and decided not to close the doors to the house. “And suddenly, someone will look at my light. Or I myself will want to look out and find out what is happening and where and what the weather is like today in the musical country.
The musical snail sat like this, got bored a little, and decided to stick its horns out of the house. Everything around was beautiful and very interesting. Then she thought: “Why don’t I stretch my legs, take a walk along the path?”
The musical snail put on her boots and was just about to walk along the path when a pea rolled up to her and said: “Good afternoon. How nice to see you on the music staff. You are so slim and beautiful, like the key to a magic door. The musical snail was somewhat embarrassed and surprised by the stranger's words: “How is the key?... You speak so beautifully and mysteriously. And who are you? Pea smiled and said: "I am a note salt and you can always find me on the second line of the stave. I live there. You settled on my second ruler. Then we will all call you Salt key.Let's be friends!»
The snail liked it and agreed to be friends. Then other notes came running - peas and importantly began to take their places on the stave.
The violinist, who was resting nearby on a beautiful old table, saw that each note fell into its place and began to play a melody: “What wonderful sounds I get. And the notes in this key are just for me. Let's call this keytreble clef? All notes unanimously agreed. And since then, the musical snail has been called that -salt key or Treble clef.
Guys, now I want to introduce you to a new song, which tells about the treble clef and the stave. Listen to her:
"Song of the Treble Clef and Musical Staff"
Words and melody by Smirnova V.A.
Violin kyuch, salt key,
The line opens.
This line is a musical staff.
Who doesn't know her.
It has five lines. Well, let's count:
One, two, three, four, five - start from the bottom. (2 times)
And so another fairy tale ends. I hope, dear listeners, that you liked it and you learned a lot of new, interesting things for yourself. And most importantly - this fairy tale told you how to write the treble clef correctly.
Let's remember what are the names of the rulers on which notes are written and notebooks in which musicians write notes? How to calculate these lines? Why is the treble clef also called the G clef? I hope that you listened to the fairy tale very carefully, remembered everything and your answers will be correct.
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The following didactic tale will tell young musicians what a musical meter, rhythm, rhythmic pattern, strong beat, measure, bar line, time signature.Will acquaint you with dance music M.I. Glinka and A.S. Griboyedov.
"The Tale of Grandfather Meter and His Friends"
He lived in a musical country, grandpa meter. And he was called that because he always and everywhere carried with him a ruler, a whole meter long. More than anything in the world, he loved to go for a walk through the musical staff. Yes, not just walk but walk, enjoy fresh air yes, hum your favorite tunes, and walk with even steps, and even measure them with your ruler and clearly count each step: “One-and-two-and. One-and, two-and, three-and. One-and, two-and, three-and, four-and.
The score depended on what mood Metra's grandfather had and how many steps he took in each tact. A measure is a piece of melody on a musical staff. One beat separates from another bar dash.
Sometimes grandfather Meter walked with a brisk step, sometimes he danced. It happened that he walked slowly, importantly and sedately. But always his steps were even and they were called shares. The character and the size tunes that he hummed while walking. size can be two-part, three-part and four-part.
dance music calledPolka,written in double meter. Polka is Czech folk dance. But both adults and children love to dance it in many countries of the world. Probably, you also had to dance this dance at a holiday in kindergarten or at school. He is fast, flighty, often cheerful, sometimes mischievous. I suggest you listen to a fragment from the play by M.I. Glinka "Children's Polka".
Next musical example written in tripartite meter. This is Waltz. Waltz music is always easy to recognize. She is soft and swirling. Often dancers, in order not to stray from the rhythm of the dance, quietly count: "one, two, three, one, two, three." Listen to a fragment of "Waltz", written by composer A. Griboyedov.
The quadruple size is the most comfortable for the step. Guys, remember what commands the commander gives at the parade during the drill step. He pronounces the following command in a precise manner: “One, two, three, four. Left ... Left ... ". This team helps the parade participants to keep up and not to stray.
Guys, tell me, what is the name of the music that accompanies the procession? Of course, this is a march. Now the music of the composer I.O. Dunaevsky "March of cheerful children" will sound. We will all walk around the class under it and count our steps: one, two, three, four. And then we will share our impressions about the mood and character of this music.
But our story doesn't end there. She has a sequel. After all, I have not yet told you about Metra's grandfather's friends. And there is something to tell about them.
Grandpa Meter did not go for a walk alone. He was always accompanied by an old good friend of his auntstrong beat . When she was going for a walk through the stave, she dressed up, preening herself, taking in her hands ... No, no, don’t think, not a fashionable handbag, but her favorite big drum. Oh how she played! Loud, clear! Her game was heard by everyone who was in the district. And she hit the drum, just on the first step of Grandfather Meter in each measure, that is, on the first, strong beat of the measure. And at the same time she loudly considered: “One!”.
For this reason, all the inhabitants of the musical country began to call herAuntie Strong share , and now it is called so. You can find it in every measure, immediately after the bar line.
All musicians count on a strong beat"once!" (here you can invite the children to look at the board where the melody they know is written, find and underline all the strong beats with colored crayons, and then sing this melody, marking the strong beats with noise instruments).
There is another hero of the fairy tale, with whom I have not yet introduced you, dear listeners. But, of course, I want to tell you about it. Because this character of our fairy tale is very important in the musical world.
Grandpa Metra had a granddaughter, a boy Rhythm. Or, as it is also called - Rhythmic pattern. Oh, and he was restless. I didn't want to walk all the way musical walk with even steps from beat to beat, like grandfather Meter. Either he will go in small steps, then he will skip or run with a jump, then he will stop and listen to something. He tried very hard to get along with his aunt Strong beat to the count of "one", that is, to the strong beat of the bar, but he did not always succeed.
True, he was not at all upset about this. And he knew for sure that without him, the Rhythmic Pattern, not a single melody, not a song, not any piece of music would work. And he was very proud of it.
Grandfather Meter, Auntie Strong Beat and Rhythmic Pattern are very friendly. They can be found in any piece of music: heard in music or seen in musical text.
Guys, I will now slap the rhythmic pattern of a song you know, and you try to recognize it and say what it is called (“It's fun to walk together” by V. Shainsky and M. Matusovsky). The children will recognize the song. I propose to sing this song with the whole group and accompany yourself on noise instruments. We divide into parties. One performs a rhythmic pattern, the second - a meter, and the third part performs a strong beat.
Dear friends, our fairy tale has come to an end. Let's remember what musical heroes did she introduce you? Now, when listening or playing music, you will always recognize them and greet them with the correct score and rhythmic play.
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“Talk about Italy, Italian words and much more” is another form of presenting new material being studied in preparatory groups. And the presentation of this material takes place in the form of direct communication between the teacher and students. This is a communication in which the guys can show their knowledge accumulated outside the music school, gained by life experience.
"A Conversation about Italy" should have been placed first in this work. This is an introduction to the world of musical knowledge and terms. It introduces words solfeggio, forte, piano. With a concept musical genre(song, dance, march).
"Talk about Italy, Italian words and more"
Good afternoon dear friends! I'm glad new meeting with you. Let's greet each other. Get your work ready singing apparatus. Pay attention to your posture. Don't slouch, but don't strain your back either. Keep your head straight. Be sure to follow the correct pronunciation of all the words in the greeting song. The clarity of pronunciation of words when singing is called diction. Are you already familiar with this word? Of course, you talked about this at the choir lesson. Let's sing a greeting song:
"Good afternoon, Good afternoon! We are not too lazy to study."
Guys, what lesson did you come to? That's right, solfeggio. And our song met the word solfeggio. And what does it mean (I invite the children to express their guesses)? Well done, your thoughts are on the right track.
The word solfeggio means singing with the name of the notes or singing according to the notes that we have yet to learn. it beautiful word formed by adding the names of two adjacent notes.
And it was, roughly, so. In the musical country there lived, there were two neighbors, two girlfriends. Great lovers of singing. From morning to evening they sang their songs, honed their singing skills. Musicians say - vocal skill. One note sang your name "salt", and the other "F". The inhabitants of the musical country put their names together in one word. And it turned out ... What do you guys think, what word did it turn out to be? Of course, the word solfeggio. It's beautiful and it sounds so musical because... That's right, it's made up of two notes.
We have a wonderful musical instrument in our class, which I play for you. That's right, his name is "piano".But that's his little affectionate name. Your mothers also call you not Ekaterina, but Katenka, not Peter, but Petenka (children begin to stop talking, as their parents affectionately call them). So our piano has a full and very sonorous namepiano.
Why is it so majestically, solemnly called the piano by the name of the piano, what kind of instrument is it (children begin to tell that the instrument has keys, pedals, what color they saw the instrument)? You are right, the piano is keyboard instrument. It has 52 white keys and 36 black keys. On it you can perform a simple and very complex music, fast and slow, funny and sad.
Guys, what can we do with music? That's right, we can sing, dance, walk. Such manifestations of human activity accompanied by music are calledmusical genres. It - song, dance, march.
And this instrument can sound loud, but in Italian -forteand quiet, which means -piano. Now you understand why the instrument is called the piano?
Guys, please listen to the song and tell us about its character, how the instrument sounded. I sing "Lullaby to the Doll", melody and lyrics by Smirnova V.
Hush hush. Do not make noise. Do not wake the Masha doll.
She sleeps, her eyes closed, in her little carriage.
All piano. Hush hush.
Even the cat fell asleep on the roof.
After listening, we say that the instrument sounded like a piano, the music is gentle, lulling, melodious. We learn and sing the song with the whole group.
Our instrument can sound joyful, bright, loud. I sing the song "Cockerel Forte", melody and lyrics by V. Smirnova (learned by the whole group).
Early in the morning loud, forte,
The cockerel sang a song to us.
He woke up all the kids
And he called for milk.
Cuckoo, ko-ko-ko.
Drink, children, milk.
The words that we met today came to us from sunny Italy. And who knows where this country is located, whether it is warm or cold, what plants can be found there (children are trying, by virtue of their life knowledge, to answer the question)?
That's right, oranges, tangerines, lemons, olives, pomegranates - all this grows in the south of this country. I invite the guys to clap these words.
Guys, who knows what homeland fairy tale hero is Italy? That's right, only in this country his name is Pinocchio, and the fairy tale was written by Carlo Collodi. Aleksey Nikolaevich Tolstoy, a Russian writer, retold this tale in a Russian way and called the main character ... That's right, Pinocchio.
Our conversation has come to an end. I hope, my young listeners, that you have memorized the Italian words, which now we will often speak and hear at a music school. Let's remember these words and their translation into Russian (children name the words: solfeggio, forte, piano, musical genres song, dance, march). Guys, with what musical genre Did we meet in class today? Of course, it was the genre of the song. We will talk about other genres in the next lessons.
We'll say goodbye. Until we meet again at solfeggio lessons with new heroes of musical fairy tales.
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Nowadays, in pedagogy, as in many other areas of science, there is a search for new methods of work. Teachers are increasingly using game methods in the learning process. Which are of great importance in the development of a culture of relationships between a teacher and a small student.
It has been scientifically proven that the age of six is the most favorable period for the mental development of a child. This is the age when everything interesting and meaningful for themselves, the child remembers easily. And everything boring and not interesting, not attracting attention, will not affect him.
The volume of educational material for students of this age is quite significant. It should be learned well and be a support for the assimilation of new knowledge. Therefore, more and more often, in presenting new educational material, teachers resort to the most ancient, but very actual method upbringing and teaching children - to the game and the fairy tale.
The purpose of all didactic aids, games, exercises and fairy tales comes down to one denominator - to show, to introduce new educational material, to teach accessible, boring, entertaining methods to students who come to our lesson. To interest, arouse in them interest in the subject being studied, craving for knowledge. Generate a desire to teach and learn. In this case, to arouse interest in learning the basics of musical literacy, without knowledge of which classes are not possible not only in the solfeggio class, but also in the instrumental and choral classes of the music school.
All these reasons prompted me to look for new ways and methods in working with beginners. young musicians. folk wisdom says that everything new is well-forgotten old. What could be older than a fairy tale. Wise, kind, always ready to teach us something.
Here I am in my teaching activities, I resort to didactic miniatures-fairy tales, written by me for a specific purpose - to convey to my students this or that topic being studied. These fairy tales work well in the classroom, children like them and help them in their studies. And if so, then my work is not in vain and in time will bring good results.
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Bibliography.
Zinkevich-Evstigneeva T.G. "Developing story" St. Petersburg, 2006
Kozlov S.A. "Preschool Pedagogy". Moscow, 2000
Materials of the III All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference " psychological science and practice of education: modern tendencies". Krasnoyarsk. 2009
Mikhalchenko K.A. "Psychological fairy tale as a means of developing self-awareness". Magazine "Young Scientist" 2011, No. 12.
Odoevsky V.F. "On the study of Russian music not only as an art, but also as a science." Moscow, 1866
Strelkova L.P. Fairy tale lessons. Moscow. 1989
Chukovsky K.I. "From two to five." Detgiz, Moscow, 1963
Elkonin D.B. "Child psychology from birth to seven years". Moscow, Enlightenment, 1960
Tale of Major and Minor Once upon a time there were two brothers - two musical modes- Major and Minor. Major was senior, and Minor was junior. The older brother always had fun: “I’m in a major, joyful, perky mood!” And Minor was sad: “I have been sad for a long time, because I am Minor.” In spite of different tempers The brothers never quarreled and lived together. One day they went to the forest for mushrooms, for berries and got lost. Minor cries: “Oh, we will perish, we will fall into the pit!” And Major laughs: “Do not grieve, my brother, it is better to sing a song!” Sang Minor sad song. The whole forest became sad with him, the grass rustled sadly, he thought, the breeze subsided, the surprised birds fell silent. Even the sun hid behind a cloud from Minor's sad song. By themselves, tears began to well up in the eyes of the brothers, and it became even more difficult for them to find the way. "No, brother, that's not good!" - Major said and began to sing a cheerful song. The forest woke up, woke up from sadness, the sun came out, the birds chirped merrily, singing along with their older brother. Tears dried up in the eyes of the brothers, and the forest ceased to seem terrible and dense to them. So, with a cheerful song, they got out onto the road leading to the house. Sadness and sadness in trouble are bad helpers.
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"Paintings of artists about spring" - Blossoming apple trees. A. Savrasov. Many poets and writers wrote about spring. Forms of presentation of research results and criteria for their evaluation. Events. Questions. Sunny day. Spring in the work of poets, writers, artists. I. Levitan. K. Yuon. Spring. F. Vasiliev.
"Fine Arts" - Organization of the production. What kind visual tasks solved in work from nature. The world- the world of forms. Artistic image. Creative work. Fragment of a tree. What are the features of the proportions of the human figure. Lighting. Cognition. Drawing is a means of knowing form. Education in fine arts is based on work from nature.
"Composition" - Write letter-image. Unity. Font art. 7. Compositional basics of layout in graphic design. Sumerian letter Egyptian letter Greek letter. word. Large heading option. The art of composition is the basis of design and architecture. Serif. Computer design. Unlike a line and a strip, a line makes sense, that is, it carries information.
"Types of portraits" - Ceremonial portrait. Portraits differ in format (sculptural). Types of portrait of a person. Portraits vary in format. Chamber portrait. Types of portrait. The proportions of the human head. social portrait. Check yourself. Psychological picture.
"Genres of fine art" - I. Repin "Barge Haulers on the Volga". Depicting the sea. What is the name of piece of art, exactly repeating the other? Fabulous - epic genre. A genre in which the main character is nature. Collect illustrative material depicting landscapes (photographs, illustrations, reproductions). In what genre did V.I. Surikov work?
"Ornament" Turkish cucumber "" - Indian cucumber. Persian cypress. Motives of "Turkish cucumber" in Russia. India. Palette "Turkish cucumber". Turkish cucumber. Persia is considered the birthplace of the ornament. Tear of Allah. Execution sequence creative work. The form. Oriental motifs in the Russian national pattern. "Turkish cucumber" has gained popularity in Russia.
